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Comparative study of
NAVSTAR GPS/
GLONASS/GALILEO/
Augmented
Positioning Systems
Comparison of
– GPS
– GLONASS
– GALILEO
Augmented SBNS
– WAAS
– MSAS
– EGNOS
– GAGAN
– GBNS (NDGPS/LAAS)
– Chinese Beidou System
– IRNSS, India’s Navigation System
iirs GPS Constellation
Plane
F E D C B A
D2
E1 B3
C2 B2 160°
F4 D1
120°
A3
a ly
80°
om
F3 F1
40°
an
A4
n
D3 E4 0° Equator
ea
B4 C1
M
320°
A2
280°
B1 satellite
C3 A1 F2 240° operational
E2
200° spare
C4 E3 17° 137° 257°
D4
77° 197° 317°
Right ascension of ascending node
Inclination 55°
Semimajor axis 26561.75 km (altitude above Earth 20183,6 km)
Excentricity nominally e = 0, generally e < 0,02
iirs GNSS SYSTEM
GPS Modernization
• Improved code on the L2 frequency of GPS (called L2C) –
• ionospheric error,
• multipath.
• GPS-III, (extra L2 and L5 signals of the Block IIR-M and Block IIF
satellites), Thirty GPS-III satellites are planned for launch from about 2013
until 2018.
iirs GLONASS Constellation
24 satellites (8 satellites
in each of 3 planes)
e ~ 0 (circular orbit)
inclination 64.8°
altitude 19 100 km,
orbit period 11h 15m
angular spacing between
orbits 120°
iirs About GLONASS
9
1988
10
1989
12
1990
14
1991
1992
1993
1994 12 12 12
16
1995
26
1996
22
1997
16
1998
1999
13 12
2000
11
2001
8
2002
7
2003
8
2004
10
iirs GLONASS Constellation history
iirs About GLONASS
iirs GLONASS Future Plans of Russia
Galileo
Galileo Constellation
iirs About GALILEO
Open Service(OS)
The OS is free and provides a GPS –
like service, but with enhanced
accuracy. Playing an active role in the
integration of Galileo OS with
GSM/UMTS systems
Safety of Life Service (SoL)
This service is intended for aircraft
navigation.
iirs Galileo services
EGNOS
iirs
iirs
iirs Quasi Zenith Satellite System
iirs Augmentations SBAS Constellation
GAGAN MSAS
EGNOS WAAS
MTSAT
INMARSAT
ARTEMIS INMARSAT
GPS
iirs Local Area Augmentation System
It is an all-weather aircraft landing system
based on real-time differential correction of
the GPS signal. Local reference receivers
send data to a central location at the
airport. This data is used to formulate a
correction message, which is then
transmitted to users via a VHF data link. A
receiver on an aircraft uses this information
to correct GPS signals, which then
provides a standard ILS-style display to
use while flying a precision approach.
iirs Chinese Beidou navigation system
Geostationary satellites
Mainly for China
Four satellites launched so Far
10 m accuracy
Open services by 2008
Covers North side 5° to 50° N Latitude and
70°E to 140°E
Receiver sends signal, satellite estimates based
on time of it
iirs IRNSS – India’s own Navigation System