J

J.19022001

1974

1926

1940
1970

1940
1940

1970

(Pascal)


1939
(James Mursell)

How to
Read Two Books
I.A.(I. A. Richards)
(How to Read aPage)

(Analytical Reading)
(elementary

reading)

(inspectional reading)(syntopical reading)

(Charles Van Doren)

(Institute for Philosophical Research)

 1969 (Annals of America

(great books)

(Arthur L.H.Rubin)

1972 3 26

(Boca Grande)

(readers)

(knowledge)
(understanding)

(understand)
(know)

(Alexander
Pope)

"(Sophomores)

(elementary reading)

(inspectional reading)

(skimming systematically)

(analytical reading)

(syntopicalreading)

(comparative reading)

1970

1870
ABC 19

ab,ac,ad,ib,ic
ABC

 19 ABC
(phonic method)

(Horace
Mann) 1840
(sight method)
19201930

1920-1925

(eclectic approach),
( individualized reading ap-proach)(language-experience approach)

InitialTeaching Alphabet)

(total immersion method

"(foreign-language-school method)"(see-say)

"(look-say)
look-and-say

(reading readiness

Le chatAasseyait sur le chapean

'

"(fourth grade literacy)"(functional literacy)

75
1971

skim
(pre-read)

(1)

(2)

(Paradise
Lost) (John Milton)
arguments
Edward Gibbon))) (Declineand Fall of the Roman
Empire)

(3)

(4

(5)

(6)

50

)(Julius

Caesar)
))(As YouLike ItHamlet

(Adam Smith)(The Wealth of Nations)(

sub-vocalize)

fix-ate)

(regress)

(comprehension)

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(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4

(5)

Cf

(6)

(7)

structuralnote-making

(conceptual note-making

(dialectical note making)

'

(Portnoy'sComplaint
)(Naked Lunch
(Gone With The Wind

(Main Street)
The Grapes o f Wrath

The Andromeda Strain(Robert Heinlein)

Arthur C. ClarkeThe Universe and Dr.
Einstein)
(William Faulkner)


(expository)

1859 CharlesDarwin


"(species)

The Origin of Species

TheOrigin of the Species).

25

The Descent of Man

(Infeld)
(The Evolution of Physics

(Euclid)
(Elements of Geometry)(William James)(Principles of
Psychology)

The Politics

Geometry)HilBert))(Foundations of Geometry)

The City of God(Leviathan)

(Social Contract)

VS.

moral

normative

The Critique of Pure Reason)

(The Critique ofPractical Reason

The Communist Manifesto)(Capital)

(John Locke)

(An Essay Concerning Human Understanding)

(A Treatise Concerning the Origin Extentand End of Civil Government

Ethics

(Chronotopic),chronos topos

Physics)
Mathematical Princples of
Natural Philosophy)

Two New Sciences)

(Opticks)

"(traffic pattern)

))(Odyssey)

Poetics

(Fielding) (Tome Jones)

(Dostoevsky))(Crime and Punishment(Joyce)
(Ulysses)

 18 (Jeremy
Collier)
(A Short View of
the Immorality and Profaneness of the English Stagetogether with the Sense o f Antiquity upon
this Argument)

(Herodotus)

(Cyrus)(Darius)Xerxes)Themistocles
(Hellespont)
(Thermopylae)(Salamis)

19

(1)
(2)
X Y Z(3)
A B C
D

(Aquinas)


Article(Section)

read out

"(intentional
fallacy)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

coming to terms

term

vs.

(word)

communicationcommon)
community

(1)(2)(3)

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X
X
Xa Xb

X Xa,Xb
Xc

(A. S. Eddington)(The Nature of the Physical World)

(pointer-readings)

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nature)

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(technical
vocabulary)

(special vocabulary)

A point is that which has no

part.

"(whole)
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entity

(vocabulary)(terminology)

Xa,Xb
Xc Xabc Xbc Xc

X Y

a
Xa
Ya

(phrase)
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rationalbizarre
crazy

(propositions)

arguments

(declarative)
(interrogative) o

(Niccolo Machiavelli(The
Prince)

(1)
(2)

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2+2=4 4-2=2


verbalism

(William Harvey)(On the Motion of theHeart)

" (tautology)

"(Common notion)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

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Walter Scott)

Theory

of Moral Sentiments)

Symposium)

(1)
uninformed
(2)(misinformed)(3)
(4)

(1)

18
DavidHume)

(2)

(3)

(Elements of

Law)

(4)

(How

We Think

(EpictetusMarcus Aurelius

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)B.

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15

''

T T (information)( understanding)

Well-read

(intrinsic reading)
(extrinsic reading)

'

Common(Universal

(commentary)(abstract)

(handbook)(manual)

)(What Men Live By

(Santayana)

1857

(1)

(2)

(3

(4)

(encyclopedia)

(Pliny)

1700

(1)(proposition)
1809 2 12
79

(2)("True" proposition)

(3)(1)(2)

(4)

197 Edmund Burke)

1)
(2)
(1)
(2)

(Mark

Van Doren)

(Othello

(1)

(2

(3)

(1)

(2)

<3)

(HenryJames)(The

Art of Fiction)

(George Orwell)

Animal Farm
(Aldous Huxley)(Brave New World
(Alexander Solzhenitsyn)
The First Circle

(E. B. White


poetic justice)

(I Want to knowWhy)
(Sherwood Anderson)

(Wordsworth)

(Prelude)(Byron)(Don Juan)

160 170

103

(Aristophanes)

Old Comedy)

Heart break House

1600

(Aeschylus)
(Sophocles)(Euripedes)(Moliere

Oresteia)

(Racine)O' Neil)

(Lyric Poetry)

X Y

(DylanThomas

64

 116

138

(Marvell )
(To His Coy Mistress)

(Archibald MacLeisch)
YouAndrew Marvell)

(history as fact)(history as a written

record of the tacts)

1861 4 12
1865 4 9

1860
1861
1865 1865
5 6 7

1861 4 12

(Thucydides)

25

19 1860

definitive

(Boswell)(Life of Johnson

authorized)

(Izaak Walton)(John Donne)(George Herbert)

(Lives)(The Compleat Angler)]
(John Tyndall)(Michael

Faraday)(Faraday the Discoverer)

Plu-tarch)(Lives of the Noble

Grecians and Romans)

 18

(Confessions)
(Essays)
(Republic

Faust

"(pathetic fallacy)

formal

))(Leaves of Grass)

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actualites(current events

(1)(2
(3)(4(5)

in the know)

(Basil Willey)17

The Seventeenth Century Background)

'

(management of thenews)

Caveat lector

(Time)))

(Newsweek)

(Reader's Digest)

19


"(Newton Industry)

(Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy)

(Lavoisier)
(Elements of

Chemistry) 1789


" (Symbleblindness)

Syntax)

(1)(2)

Q. E. F. (Quod erat faciendum)

Q. E. D. (Quod eratdemonstrandum

(postulate)
(assumed)

(proved)
0

Archimedes)

,(Apollonius),(Nicomachus)

(lemmas)(corollaries)
(scholiums)

(Optics)

(Hippocrates)

(Scientific American)(Science)

DNA

(Introduction to Mathematics)
(LincolnBarnett)(Barry Commoner)
(The Closing Circle)

(indeterminacy)

normative

(epistemology)

1930

celestrial bodies)terrestrial bodies

(Kepler)

(1)
(Dialogues)
"[the Athenian Stranger]

(2)

158
1890

(Metaphysics)

On the Soul

(3)

(4) 17

Ethics)

(5)
))(Thus Spake Zarathustra

(Pensees

[On the Nature of Things]

(Apology)
(Seventh
Letter)
(Protagoras)


(Organon)

(whole of the good)

(highest)

(Critique o f Judgment)

"(hobgoblin of little minds)

(natural theology)(dogmatic theoloev)

unmoved mover)

"(canonical)
"(sacred)(holy)

1)(2)(a body of doctrine to teach)(3)

(orthodox)

zymotic

GNP Gross National Product

The Charterhouse of
Parma)

(terminology)

450

(Magic Mountain)

non meliorative advance)

'

(1)(2)
(3)

(1)
(2)
(3)

(1)(2)
(3)(4)(5)(6)

Syntopicon 1940
))(Great Books of the Western World

(1)

(2)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

"(means)

30