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Routing, Routed and Non-Routable Protocols

ROUTING PROTOCOLS
ROUTING PROTOCOLS are the software that allow routers to dynamically advertise and learn routes, determine which routes are available and which are the most efficient routes to a destination. Routing protocols used by the Internet Protocol suite include: Routing Information Protocol (RIP and RIP II) Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) Cisco's Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Routing is the process of moving data from one network to another network. Within a network, all hosts are directly accessable and do not need to pass data through a default gateway. All hosts on the same network are directly connected and can communicate directly with each other.

ROUTED PROTOCOLS
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ROUTED PROTOCOLS are nothing more than data being transported across the networks. Routed protocols include: Internet Protocol Telnet Remote Procedure Call (RPC) SNMP SMTP Novell IPX Open Standards Institute networking protocol DECnet Appletalk Banyan Vines Xerox Network System (XNS) Outside a network, specialized devices called ROUTERS are used to perform the routing process of forwarding packets between networks. Routers are connected to the edges of two or more networks to provide connectivity between them. These devices are usually dedicated machines with specialized hardware and software to speed up the routing process. These devices send and receive routing information to each other about networks that they can and cannot reach. Routers examine all routes to a destination, determine which routes have the best metric, and insert one or more routes into the IP routing table on the router. By maintaining a current list of known routes, routers can quicky and efficiently send your information on it's way when received.

There are many companies that produce routers: Cisco, Juniper, Bay, Nortel, 3Com, Cabletron, etc. Each company's product is different in how it is configured, but most will interoperate so long as they share common physical and data link layer protocols (Cisco HDLC or PPP over serial, Ethernet etc.). Before purchasing a router for your business, always check with your Internet provider to see what equipment they use, and choose a router which will interoperate with your Internet provider's equipment.

NON-ROUTABLE PROTOCOLS
NON-ROUTABLE PROTOCOLS cannot survive being routed. Non-routable protocols presume that all computers they will ever communicate with are on the same network (to get them working in a routed environment, you must bridge the networks). Todays modern networks are not very tolerant of protocols that do not understand the concept of a multi-segment network and most of these protocols are dying or falling out of use. NetBEUI DLC LAT DRP MOP

A routed protocol is a protocol by which data can be routed. Routed protocol are IP, AppleTalk, and IPX. In this kind of protocols we require an addressing scheme and subnetting. Addressing scheme will be used to determine the network to which a host belongs and to identifying that host on that particular network. All hosts on an internetwork are using the services of a routed protocol. That means routers, servers, and workstations to. The only two routed protocols that are in use today are IP and IPX but IPX is dropped from Cisco in exams and is not in use much these days. If you are studying routed protocols the best advice is to focus on IP routed protocol. A routing protocol is different and is only used between routers. It makes possible for routers to build and maintain routing tables. There are three classes of routing protocols- 1)distance vector, 2)link state,3)hybrid OSPF is one of two link state protocols, the other one is IS-IS. EIGRP is the only hybrid protocol but in normal literature you will see that EIGRP is distance vector routing protocol.

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