The Absurdity of Philosophy

The Absurdity
Of
Philosophy
Jeff Smith-Luedke

Lulu, Inc.
Morrisville, NC

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㻯㼛㼜㼥㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼴㻌㻞㻜㻜㻤㻌㼎㼥㻌㻶㼑㼒㼒㻌㻿㼙㼕㼠㼔㻙㻸㼡㼑㼐㼗㼑㻌
㻭㼘㼘㻌㻾㼕㼓㼔㼠㼟㻌㻾㼑㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼐㻌
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㼣㼣㼣㻚㼍㼦㼞㼕㼑㼚㼛㼏㼔㻚㼏㼛㼙㻌
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㻿㼙㼕㼠㼔㻙㻸㼡㼑㼐㼗㼑㻘㻌㻶㼑㼒㼒㻚㻌
㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻚㻌
㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻵㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㼟㻌㼎㼕㼎㼘㼕㼛㼓㼞㼍㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌
㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻵㻿㻮㻺㻙㻝㻟㻦㻌㻌㻥㻣㻤㻙㻝㻙㻠㻟㻡㻣㻙㻝㻣㻜㻡㻙㻟㻌㻌
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㻯㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌㼍㼞㼠㻌㼎㼥㻌㻹㼕㼗㼑㻌㻲㼍㼔㼘㻌
㼣㼣㼣㻚㼙㼕㼗㼑㼒㼍㼔㼘㻚㼏㼛㼙㻌
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㼀㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻷㼚㼕㼓㼔㼠㼑㼐㻌㻻㼣㼘㼟㻌
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Preface
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㻲㼛㼞㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻘㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼖㼛㼡㼞㼚㼑㼥㻚㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼔㼛㼘㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼎㼛㼛㼗㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼥㻌㼕㼚㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼑㼟㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼛㻌
㼛㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼖㼛㼡㼞㼚㼑㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼎㼘㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼍㼚㼗㼟㻘㻌 㼏㼘㼕㼙㼎㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼐㼍㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼜㼡㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌
㼏㼞㼛㼟㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼘㼘㼑㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌㼓㼕㼍㼚㼠㼟㻘㻌㼡㼜㼔㼑㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼙㼑㼞㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼢㼕㼏㼠㼛㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼟㼕㼐㼑㻚㻌㻌㻱㼢㼑㼞㼥㼛㼚㼑㻌㼟㼠㼛㼜㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼔㼑㼍㼞㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼛㼜㼕㼚㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼝㼡㼛㼠㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼓㼛㻌㻙㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼛㼚㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼙㼍㼚㼚㼑㼞㼕㼟㼙㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼕㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼣㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼛㼜㼜㼛㼚㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼟㼏㼞㼑㼍㼙㻘㻌
㼜㼍㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼎㼑㼓㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼕㼚㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼛㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌㼔㼛㼜㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼘㼕㼏㼗㻌 㼛㼒㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼘㼛㼛㼞㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼏㼛㼛㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼡㼚㼜㼞㼑㼏㼑㼐㼑㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼟㼐㼛㼙㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼡㼎㼙㼕㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼙㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼞㼑㼢㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼜㼕㼜㼔㼍㼚㼥㻌㼒㼕㼘㼘㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼕㼞㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼟㼙㼕㼘㼑㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼚㼍㼙㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼓㼛㻌㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼍㼟㻌㼟㼥㼚㼛㼚㼥㼙㼛㼡㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼐㻚㻌
㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼖㼛㼡㼞㼚㼑㼥㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼖㼛㼡㼞㼚㼑㼥㻌㼣㼑㻌㼑㼙㼎㼍㼞㼗㻌
㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼔㼍㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼟㼑㼙㼎㼘㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼞㼥㼠㼍㼘㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼛㼠㻌
㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼏㼘㼕㼙㼍㼤㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼡㼠㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼖㼛㼡㼞㼚㼑㼥㻌
㼡㼟㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼑㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼔㼍㼜㼜㼕㼚㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼍㼐㼚㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼚㼐㼕㼛㼟㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻻㼡㼞㻌㼖㼛㼡㼞㼚㼑㼥㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌
㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼐㼛㻘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼞㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼡㼚㼟㼑㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼕㼘㼥㻙㼑㼢㼑㼞㻙
㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼐㼛㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼖㼛㼡㼞㼚㼑㼥㼟㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼞㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌
㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼡㼞㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼛㼘㼐㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼑㼞㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼖㼛㼡㼞㼚㼑㼥㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼑㼚㼐㼟㻘㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼟㼠㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㼐㼕㼏㻘㻌㼐㼞㼍㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㻘㻌
㼛㼞㻌㼠㼞㼍㼓㼕㼏㻌㼐㼑㼜㼑㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼚㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㼀㼔㼑㻌㼑㼚㼐㻚䇿㻌㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼥㻌㼖㼛㼡㼞㼚㼑㼥㻌㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌㼒㼍㼞㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼍㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼚㻘㻌 㻵䇻㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼠㼍㼘㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼚㼠㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼞㼑㼠㼍㼕㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼛㼚㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼙㼍㼞㼗㼟㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼞㼕㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼒㼘㼛㼣㻌
㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼑㼤㼠㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼚㼛㻌㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼛㼚㼑㻌㼟㼠㼛㼜㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼑㼤㼠㻌㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼕㼏㼡㼘㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼛㼞㼓㼍㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼑㼍㼟㼑㻌
㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼎㼡㼎㼎㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼟㼡㼏㼔㻦㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼎㼍㼟㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼍㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼍㼏㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼡㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼜㼕㼏㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼒㼍㼙㼕㼘㼕㼍㼞㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼡㼚㼐㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌
㼕㼐㼑㼍㼟㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼎㼍㼟㼑㼐㻌㼛㼚㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼣㼏㼛㼙㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼣㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼏㼍㼠㼏㼔㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼑㼐㼡㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼙㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼢㼍㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻦㻌 㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㼚㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌
㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻘㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼙㼕㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼕㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌
㼣㼑䇻㼘㼘㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼞㼥㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼖㼛㼡㼞㼚㼑㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌
㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌㻌㻽㼡㼛㼠㼑㼟㻘㻌㼏㼕㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻮㼕㼎㼘㼕㼛㼓㼞㼍㼜㼔㼥㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼛㼛㼗㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼔㼑㼘㼜㻌㼕㼒㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼟㼠㼡㼏㼗㻌㼍㼘㼛㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌
㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼕㼏㼡㼘㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㻵㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㼐㼛㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼑㼤㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌㼍㻌㼐㼑㼎㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼘㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼕㼚㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㼗㻌 㻮㼑㼚㻌 㻯㼍㼞㼞㼡㼠㼔㻘㻌
㻺㼍㼠㼑㻌 㻰㼕㼘㼘㼛㼚㻘㻌 㻿㼡㼟㼍㼚㻌 㻹㼍㼦㼦㼛㼚㼕㻘㻌 㻹㼍㼞㼠㼥㻌 㻰㼛㼚㼍㼗㼛㼣㼟㼗㼕㻘㻌 㻿㼠㼍㼏㼥㻌 㻾㻚㻘㻌
㻰㼍㼚㼕㼑㼘㻌 㻷㼞㼍㼡㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻶㼛㼟㼔㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼑㼘㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼏㼞㼕㼠㼕㼏㼕㼟㼙㼟㻘㻌
㼟㼡㼓㼓㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼞㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼑㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼍㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼚㼗㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼥㻌㼑㼐㼕㼠㼛㼞㻘㻌㻭㼜㼞㼕㼘㻌㻶㼍㼏㼛㼎㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼛㻌㻹㼕㼗㼑㻌㻲㼍㼔㼘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼑㼍㼡㼠㼕㼒㼡㼘㻌㼜㼍㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼑㼞㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼒㼑㻘㻌 㻭㼚㼐㼞㼑㼍㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼒㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼜㼍㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼜㼍㼠㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼘㼕㼒㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼜㼕㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼟㼔㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼘㼡㼏㼗㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼥㻌㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼍㼜㼜㼕㼚㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌
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㻶㼑㼒㼒㻌㻿㼙㼕㼠㼔㻙㻸㼡㼑㼐㼗㼑㻌
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The Absurdity of Philosophy

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䇾㻲㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㼐㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌㼍㻌㼜㼍㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌
㼔㼍㼞㼞㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌
㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻓㼟㻌 㼜㼍㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼎㼡㼞㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼑㼍㼞㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼟㼕㼙㼡㼘㼠㼍㼚㼑㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌㼑㼤㼍㼘㼠㻌㻙㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚䇿㻌㻌
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㻌㻌㻌㻙㻌㻭㼘㼎㼑㼞㼠㻌㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻘㻌
㻭㼚㻌㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻌㻾㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 1
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1 㻱㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌

㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼛㼜㼑㼚㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼑㼥㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼟㼠㻌
㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑䇻㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㻵㻌㼓㼛㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㼐㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼕㼑㻌㼔㼍㼜㼜㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼟㼘㼑㼑㼜㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼥㻌㼛㼥㼟㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼍㼥㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼎㼑㼓㼡㼚㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻵㻌㼖㼡㼙㼜㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼎㼑㼐㻘㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼣㻌㼛㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼞㼛㼎㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼞㼡㼟㼔㻌㼐㼛㼣㼚㼟㼠㼍㼕㼞㼟㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼙㼥㻌㼘㼕㼎㼞㼍㼞㼥㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼙㼥㻌㼘㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼞㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼍㼚㼏㼕㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼑㼚㼐㼑㼍㼢㼛㼞㻌 䇵㻌 㻵㻌 㼓㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼞㼞㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼞㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌㼙㼥㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼥㻌㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼥㻌㼏㼡㼎㼕㼏㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌
㼞㼑㼏㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌㼎㼑㼓㼍㼚㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼚㻌㼍㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌㻶㼍㼏㼝㼡㼑㼟㻌㻰㼑㼞㼞㼕㼐㼍㻌㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌
㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻙㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌㻌㻴㼕㼟㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼟㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼍㼒㼍㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼟㻌 㻵㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼘㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌 㼙㼥㻌
㼛㼣㼚㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌㼠㼣㼛㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻧㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼚㼚㼑㼏㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
2 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼗㼚㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼔㼛㼚㼑㼟㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻙㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻘㻌㼙㼥㻌㼓㼛㼍㼘㻌㼠㼛㼐㼍㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻦㻌 㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼞㼐㻙㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼛㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼚㼍㼞㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻫㻌
㻵㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㻸㼡㼐㼣㼕㼓㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌
㼞㼑㼙㼑㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼕㼙㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 䇺㻵䇻㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㻵㼚㼢㼑㼟㼠㼕㼓㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼍㼐㼘㼥㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼜㼡㼠㻌㼙㼑㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼏㼘㼛㼟㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌
㻮㼡㼠㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼒㼑㼍㼞㻍㻌㻌㻼㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌㻵㻌㼞㼍㼙㼎㼘㼑㻌㼘㼛㼚㼓㻌㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻘㻌㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㼟㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼜㼡㼘㼘㻌㼡㼜㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼛㼏㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼡㼠㼑㼞㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㻵㻌㼡㼟㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼞㼍㼙㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻌㼙㼥㻌㼒㼕㼚㼓㼑㼞㼟㻌㼍㼎㼛㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼗㼑㼥㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼚㼐㻌㼣㼍㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻴㼍㼘㼒㻌㼍㼚㻌㼔㼛㼡㼞㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼜㼍㼟㼟㼑㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻸㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼚㼐㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼗㼑㼥㼟㻚㻌㻌㻺㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㻌㼔㼛㼡㼞㻌㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌㼎㼥㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼞㼑㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼜㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻵㼚㼠㼑㼞㼚㼑㼠㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼘㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌㼜㼛㼜㼟㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼙㼥㻌㼔㼑㼍㼐㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼜㼡㼘㼘㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼏㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼕㼐㼑㼍㼟㻍㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼑㻍㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼥㻌 㼣㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼓㼑㼞㼟㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㻫㻌 㻌 㻶㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼥㼜㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻸㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼍㻌
㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㻚㻌㻌㻲㼛㼚㼐㼘㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼗㼑㼥㼟㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼣㼍㼕㼠㻚㻌
㻭㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㻌㼙㼥㻌㼎㼑㼟㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼁㼚㼒㼛㼞㼠㼡㼚㼍㼠㼑㼘㼥㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼓㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㼑㼞㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼛㼚㼏㼑㻌㻵䇻㼙㻌㼕㼚㻘㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼠㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㻚㻌㻌㻹㼥㻌㼒㼑㼑㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼚㼛㻌㼍㼙㼎㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼔㼍㼞㼑㻌㼙㼥㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼡㼞㼓㼑㼚㼏㼥㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㻵㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼡㼞㼚㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㼁㼚㼐㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻶㼡㼙㼜㻌㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㻻㼗㼍㼥㻌㼎㼞㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㻵㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻘㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻹㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼖㼛㼎㻘㻌
㼙㼥㻌 㼙㼛㼡㼠㼔㻌 㼏㼍㼠㼏㼔㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼜㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼎㼞㼍㼕㼚㻌
㼞㼑㼙㼍㼕㼚㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼏㼛㼛㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼔㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼑㼍㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼕㼟㼔㻌 㼙㼥㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼣㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻼㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼠㼔㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻳㼛㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼘㼕㼎㼞㼍㼞㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻼㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 3
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㼣㼞㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼖㼛㼡㼞㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼑㼍㼓㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻚㻌㻌
㻸㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼍㻌㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㻚㻌㻌㻼㼕㼏㼗㻌㼡㼜㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼚㻚㻌㻌㻻㼜㼑㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼖㼛㼡㼞㼚㼍㼘㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌
㼣㼍㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻹㼥㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌㼛㼚㼏㼑㻌㼟㼛㻌㼛㼎㼑㼐㼕㼑㼚㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼞㼡㼎㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼛㼍㼜㻌㼛㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼟㼗㼕㼚㻘㻌
㼜㼛㼡㼠㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼛㼛㼗㻚㻌
㻻㼚㻌 㻹㼛㼚㼐㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼢㼛㼘㼡㼚㼠㼑㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼡㼠㼛㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼠㼡㼐㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻚㻌㻌㼀㼛㼐㼍㼥㻌㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㻹㼛㼚㼐㼍㼥㻘㻌㼟㼛㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼜㼛㼛㼔㻙㼜㼛㼛㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼘㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼑㼍㼞㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌㻻㼚㼑㻌㼎㼥㻌㼛㼚㼑㻘㻌㼟㼠㼡㼐㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼣㼍㼘㼗㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼛㼞㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼍㼥㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌
㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼡㼞㼚㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼡㼎㼠㼘㼑㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼝㼡㼕㼞㼗㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼠㼡㼐㼑㼚㼠㼟䇻㻌㼘㼍㼏㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌
㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼛㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼡㼚㼠㼕㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼎㼞㼍㼕㼚㼟㻌 㼟㼔㼡㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻘㻌 㻵㻌
㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻘㻌㻵䇻㼙㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼘㼛㼚㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼘㼍㼏㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼞㼛㼒㼕㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼥㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻭㼟㻌 㻵㻌 㼞㼑㼠㼡㼞㼚㻌 㼔㼛㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼗㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㻵㻌 㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻫㻌 㻌 㻴㼍㼘㼒㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼐㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼓㼛㼚㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼙㼥㻌
㼔㼛㼜㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼚㼛㼣㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼡㼜㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼞㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼎㼛㼐㼕㼑㼟㻌
㼏㼛㼛㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼙㼕㼚㼐㼟㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼘㼗㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼛㼛㼞㻘㻌
㼙㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼒㼑㻘㻌 㻭㼚㼐㼞㼑㼍㻘㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼟㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼗㼟㻌 㼡㼜㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼠㼡㼞㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼑㼚㼠㼕㼙㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㻹㼥㻌㼍㼚㼤㼕㼑㼠㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼍㻌㼎㼞㼑㼍㼗㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌
㻿㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼗㼟㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼕㼏㼠㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼟㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼟㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻚㻌㻌㻼㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼣㼞㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼙㼑㻌㼞㼛㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼚㻌
㼙㼥㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌 㼘㼍㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼜㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼕㼟㼔㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼟㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼕㼚㼠㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌 㼣㼍㼠㼏㼔㻌㼔㼑㼞㻌㼜㼡㼘㼘㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼍㼞㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼛㼠㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㻌㼍㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌
㻵㻌㼜㼕㼠㼥㻌㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼍㼟㻌㻵㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼕㼚㼐㼛㼣㻚㻌㻌㻭㻌㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼍㼓㼛㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼐㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㻵䇻㼙㻌 㼒㼛㼛㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻧㻌 㼠㼥㼜㼕㼚㼓㻌
4 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼠㼥㼜㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼎㼞㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻹㼥㻌㼚㼡㼕㼟㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼟㼠㼛㼙㼍㼏㼔㻌㼓㼞㼛㼣㼘㼟㻌㼍㼠㻌㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌㼒㼑㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌
㼠㼛㼐㼍㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼛㼟㼟㻌 㼘㼑㼒㼠㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼘㼍㼟㼍㼓㼚㼍㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼏㼞㼛㼣㼍㼢㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼍㼘㼗㻌
㼐㼛㼣㼚㼟㼠㼍㼕㼞㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻸㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼚㼐㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼗㼑㼥㼟㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼍㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼓㼞㼛㼡㼜㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌
㼔㼍㼚㼐㼕㼏㼍㼜㼜㼑㼐㻌㼙㼑㼚㻚㻌㻌㻵㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㼕㼏㼍㼜㼜㼑㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼘㼕㼗㼑㻫㻌㻌㻭㻌㼔㼍㼘㼒㻌㼍㼚㻌㼔㼛㼡㼞㻌㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌㼎㼥㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌
㼟㼠㼍㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼘㼛㼏㼗㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼔㼕㼠㼟㻌㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻯㻿㻵㻦㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌
㼓㼛㻌㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌㼡㼜㼟㼠㼍㼕㼞㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼣㼍㼠㼏㼔㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻭㻌㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㻘㻌㻺㼕㼏㼗㻌
㻿㼠㼛㼗㼑㼟㻘㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌㼗㼕㼐㼚㼍㼜㼜㼑㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼎㼡㼞㼕㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼏㼛㼒㼒㼕㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼞㼍㼚㼟㼛㼙㻚㻌㻌
㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻯㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼃㼕㼘㼘㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻳㼕㼘㻌 㻳㼞㼕㼟㼟㼛㼙㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㻶㼍㼏㼗㻌 㻴㼍㼚㼐㼥㻘㻌 㼟㼕㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼐㼑㼑㼜㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㼟㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻶㼍㼏㼗㻌㻴㼍㼚㼐㼥㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼎㼛㼛㼗㼟㻚㻌㻌㻮㼛㼛㼗㼟㻚㻌㻌 㻵㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼞㼕㼑㼐㼞㼕㼏㼔㻌 㻺㼕㼑㼠㼦㼟㼏㼔㼑㻘㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼓㼛㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㼟㼠㼍㼕㼞㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼛㼛㼗㻘㻌 㼀㼣㼕㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻵㼐㼛㼘㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼐㻘㻌
䇾㻱㼟㼏㼍㼜㼑㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻙㼐㼑㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻘㻌
㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼑㼔㼛㼛㼐㻚㻚㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼛㼐㼥㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼜㼕㼠㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼕㼐㽴㼑㻌㼒㼕㼤㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㼟㻍䇿1㻌㻌
㻹㼥㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㻌㼘㼑㼍㼜㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼙㼥㻌㼜㼑㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌䇾㼀㼔㼑㻌㼠㼞㼍㼓㼑㼐㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼞㼑㼒㼘㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㻵㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼘㼑㼏㼠㻌
㼡㼜㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼑㼞㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼍㻌㼙㼑㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼡㼐㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼔㼛㼣㻘㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼍㼣㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㻙㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼒㼍㼕㼞㻌
㼛㼎㼘㼕㼓㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㻙㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼞㼍㼓㼑㼐㼥㻚䇿㻌
㻹㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼣㼞㼕㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼑㼘㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼖㼛㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼒㼞㼕㼑㼚㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼓㼛㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㻼㼑㼞㼗㼕㼚㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌

1
Nietzsche, Friedrich. Twilight of the Idols and The Antichrist. London, UK: Penguin
Books. 2003. Page 45.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 5
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㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼚㼕㼓㼔㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼐㼍㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼍㼘㼗㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼍㼕㼠㻌
㼜㼍㼠㼕㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼔㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼜㼍㼜㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌
㻻㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼒㼛㼚㼐㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼗㼑㼥㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌
㼣㼍㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻺㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻿㼍㼠㼕㼟㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼓㼛㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼜㼡㼘㼘㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼒㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼔㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼍㼜㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼙㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻱㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼙㼛㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼗㼑㻌㼡㼜㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼥㻌㼛㼥㼟㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼚㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㻵㻌㼓㼛㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㼐㻘㻌㼞㼑㼙㼑㼙㼎㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼠㼑㻌㼟㼔㼑㼘㼘㼒㼕㼟㼔㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌
㼜㼞㼍㼥㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼐㼕㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼕㼓㼔㼠㻚㻌
㻌
2㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼓㼛㼐㼟㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌㼏㼛㼚㼐㼑㼙㼚㼑㼐㻌㻲㼞㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼑㼍㼟㼑㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㼒㼕㼓㼔㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼕㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼓㼓㼘㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼒㼞㼑㼑㼐㼛㼙㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼥㼞㼍㼚㼚㼛㼡㼟㻌
㼐㼕㼏㼠㼍㼠㼛㼞㼟㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㻲㼞㼑㼚㼏㼔㻌㼒㼞㼑㼑㼐㼛㼙㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼞㼑㼜㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㼘㼥㻌㼒㼍㼘㼘㻌㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼐㼕㼏㼠㼍㼠㼛㼞㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼣㼑㼕㼓㼔㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼓㼛㼐㼟㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼐㼞㼑㼍㼐㼑㼐㻌
㼜㼡㼚㼕㼟㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼒㼡㼠㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼒㼕㼓㼔㼠㼕㼚㼓㻚2㻌 㻌 㻮㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌
㻺㼍㼦㼕㻌 㻳㼑㼞㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼛㼏㼏㼡㼜㼕㼑㼐㻌 㻲㼞㼍㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻲㼞㼑㼚㼏㼔㻌 㼔㼍㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼟㼑㼢㼑㼞㼍㼘㻌㼞㼑㼢㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼐㼑㼞㼟㻌㼣㼔㼛㻌㼜㼞㼛㼙㼕㼟㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼠㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼝㼡㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻧㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻲㼞㼑㼚㼏㼔㻌 㻾㼑㼢㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼑㼠㼔㼞㼛㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼎㼑㼔㼑㼍㼐㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼗㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻲㼞㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼘㼛㼚㼕㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼜㼛㼜㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼕㼚㼑㼠㼑㼑㼚㼠㼔㻌 㼏㼑㼚㼠㼡㼞㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼐㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㼐㻌 㻔㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼐㼍㼠㼑㼐㻕㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼠㼣㼑㼚㼠㼕㼑㼠㼔㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼘㼡㼙㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼏㼛㼘㼛㼚㼥㻘㻌㻭㼘㼓㼕㼑㼞㼟㻘㻌
㻭㼘㼎㼑㼞㼠㻌㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼡㼟㻚㻌㻌㻼㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼒㼍㼙㼕㼘㼥㻓㼟㻌㼏㼘㼍㼟㼟㻌

2
This opening paragraph is an allusion to the opening paragraph of “The Myth of
Sisyphus.” Camus, Albert. The Myth of Sisyphus. New York, NY: Vintage
International. 1991. Page 119.
6 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼟㼠㼍㼠㼡㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼓㼞㼍㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌㼔㼕㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻌㼛㼜㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼑㼐㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻧㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㻳㼑㼞㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼙㼍㼞㼏㼔㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㻲㼞㼑㼚㼏㼔㻌 㼟㼛㼕㼘㻘㻌 㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼛㻌
㼠㼍㼗㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼠㼞㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼞㼑㼑㼐㼛㼙㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼛㼟㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼘㼍㼡㼟㼠㼞㼛㼜㼔㼛㼎㼕㼍㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼚㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㼐㻌㼐㼍㼕㼘㼥㻌㼞㼛㼡㼠㼕㼚㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼍㼞㼍㼚㼛㼕㼍㻌㼛㼒㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼍㼠㼏㼔㼑㼐㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼏㼘㼛㼟㼑㼘㼥㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼑㻌㼙㼍㼚㼍㼓㼑㼐㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼗㼑㼑㼜㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼔㼑㼍㼐㻚㻌㻌㻴㼕㼟㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㻙㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼟㼙㻌㻙㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼛㼟㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼠㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻘㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼍㼙㼕㼘㼕㼍㼞㼕㼠㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼑㼤㼏㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼞㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼚㼑㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼚㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼡㼕㼏㼕㼐㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻲㼞㼑㼚㼏㼔㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㼠㼡㼞㼚㼑㼐㻘㻌㼘㼑㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼠㼛㼙㼛㼞㼞㼛㼣㻘㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼍㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌㼜㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼔㼛㼙㼑㻌
㼕㼚㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㻲㼞㼕㼑㼐㼞㼕㼏㼔㻌 㻺㼕㼑㼠㼦㼟㼏㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼙㼛㼡㼞㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼍㼠㼔㻌㼛㼒㻌㻳㼛㼐㻚㻌㻌㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㼑㼐㻌㼍㻌㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼑㼤㼏㼡㼟㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼟㼡㼕㼏㼕㼐㼑㻘㻌㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼛㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼣㼕㼟㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼘㼛㼚㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㻿㼡㼏㼔㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌
㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼜㼍㼣㼚㼑㼐㻌㼛㼒㼒㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼛㼜㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼛㼞㼟㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼘㼎㼑㼞㼠㻌 㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻓㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼥㼏㼘㼑㻌㼓㼛㼑㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻺㼍㼦㼕㼟㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌㼐㼑㼒㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㻲㼞㼑㼚㼏㼔㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌䇾㼞㼑㼟㼠㼛㼞㼑㼐㻚䇿㻌㻌㻴㼑㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼞㼑㼚㼛㼡㼚㼏㼑㼐㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌
㻙㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼚㼑䇻㼟㻌 㼎㼡㼞㼐㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌 㻙㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌
㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼡㼚㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼐㼍㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼛㼟㼠㼙㼛㼐㼑㼞㼚㻌㼍㼓㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㼟㻌 㼏㼑㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼡㼙㼑㼞㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼓㼓㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼛㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼘㼑㼒㼠㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼘㼘㼑㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼑㼚㼐㼑㼍㼢㼛㼞㼟㻘㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼜㼡㼟㼔㻌㼒㼛㼞㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼎㼟㼠㼞㼍㼏㼠㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻘㻌㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻓㼟㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌
㼟㼠㼞㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼔㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼛㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼡㼞㻌 㼍㼣㼍㼞㼑㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼍㻌 㻔㼠㼔㼑㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 7
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㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻕㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼠㼍㼗㼑㼚㻧㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼍㼣㼍㼞㼑㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌

㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼙㼕㼟㼓㼡㼕㼐㼑㼐㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼙㼕㼟㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㻚㻌

3㼀㼔㼑㻌㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼑㼟㼠㼑㼞㼚㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌
㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌
㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㼟㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼐㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼘㼡㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼑㼟㼠㼑㼞㼚㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㻼㼘㼍㼠㼛䇻㼟㻌㼍㼘㼘㼑㼓㼛㼞㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼢㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼚㻌㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼟㼔㼍㼐㼛㼣㻌㼞㼑㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼍㼐㼛㼣㻘㻌 㻼㼘㼍㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼕㼙㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻘㻌㻼㼘㼍㼠㼛㻌㼟㼑㼑㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼞㼛㼖㼑㼏㼠㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼜㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼞㼑㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻚3㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㻳㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌 㻰㼍㼚㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼐㼛㼓㻧㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼐㼛㼓㼟㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㻳㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌㻰㼍㼚㼑㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌
㼛㼒㻌㻳㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌㻰㼍㼚㼑㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌㼕㼙㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㻚㻌㻌㻻㼒㻌㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌㼚㼛㼚㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼡㼟㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼟㼑㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼛㼓㼟㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㻼㼘㼍㼠㼛㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌䇾㼐㼛㼓䇿㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㻧㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼛㼓㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼕㼙㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㻌㼙㼍㼚㼕㼒㼑㼟㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻵㼐㼑㼍㻌㼛㼒㻌㻰㼛㼓㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌
㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻚㻌㻌
㻵㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼏㼛㼕㼚㼏㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼠㼡㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻘㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌
㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼕㼚㼏㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌

3
Plato. The Republic. PLATO: The Collected Dialogues Including the Letters.
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 2002. Pages 747-752.
8 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㼐㻌㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼣㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌
㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻫㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼣㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼍㼘㼛㼓㼛㼡㼟㻘㻌㼕㼒㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼥㼚㼛㼚㼥㼙㼛㼡㼟㻘㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼣㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼠㻌
㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌
㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㻔㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻕㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌
㻔㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㻕㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 䇺㼐㼛㼓䇻㻌 㼓㼑㼠㼟㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌㼐㼛㼓㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼟㼕㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼡㼟㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼐㼛㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼟㼕㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼒㼞㼛㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼡㼟㻚㻌 㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼑㼞㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻳㼛㼐㻌㼜㼞㼛㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼔㼕㼟㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼛㼚㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼜㼞㼕㼙㼑㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻚㻌 㻌 㻹㼛㼞㼑㼟㼛㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㼢㼕㼑㼣㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌
㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌
㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼚㻌㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌
㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻘㻌㼚㼛㼚㼑㼠㼔㼑㼘㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻌

4㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼥㼠㼔㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼡㼟㻌
㼣㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌㻌㻺㼛㼚㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼡㼟㻌㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻺㼛㼚㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼡㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼘㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼑㼏㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼑㼞㼙㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼑㼤㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼜㼑㼞㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼏㼡㼞㼎㼟㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼔㼛㼜㼑㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌㻌㻌

5 㻵㼚㻌 㼀㼣㼕㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻵㼐㼛㼘㼟㻘㻌 㻲㼞㼕㼑㼐㼞㼕㼏㼔㻌 㻺㼕㼑㼠㼦㼟㼏㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㼟㻌

㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼑㼟㼕㼞㼑㼟㻘㻌㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼑㼙㼎㼞㼍㼏㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼟㼡㼜㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 9
㻌

㼣㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼓㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌
㼍㼜㼜㼑㼠㼕㼠㼑㼟㻚4㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼞㼕㼓㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼕㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼞㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼞㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼣㼍㼚㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼏㼍㼞㼑㼘㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼡㼟㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼡㼚㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻧㻌
㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌
㼟㼜㼍㼣㼚㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼏㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼠㼕㼠㼑㼟㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻻㼡㼞㻌㼑㼚㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㼑㼚㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼓㼞㼍㼚㼐㼕㼛㼟㼑㻌
㼟㼠㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼜㼍㼏㼕㼠㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼞㼑㼒㼘㼑㼏㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌
㼡㼟㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻘㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼘㼛㼒㼠㼕㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼔㼛㼣㻌
㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㼒㼡㼘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼡㼞㼥㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼎㼍㼞㼎㼍㼞㼕㼟㼙㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼟㼑㼞㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼖㼍㼞㼓㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼡㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼚㼐㻌㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼞㼡㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌㼡㼟㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼒㼘㼛㼣㻌㼓㼘㼑㼑㼒㼡㼘㼘㼥㻌㼜㼍㼟㼠㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼛㼣㼚㻌㼒㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌㼍㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼕㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼛㼚㼓㻙㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㻯㼔㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼍㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌
㼑㼚㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㼟㻌㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼚㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㻯㼔㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼍㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼚㼓㻙㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌
㻯㼔㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼍㼚㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㼟㻌 㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼑㼍㼟㼥㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼎㼑㼑㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌䇾㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻚䇿㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼕㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻯㼔㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼍㼚㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼡㼠㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼜㼑㼠㼡㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼕㼙㼙㼑㼐㼕㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼏㼕㼑㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼒㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼟㼍㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼜㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼕㼒㻌

4
Nietzsche, Friedrich. Twilight of the Idols and The Antichrist. London, UK: Penguin
Books. 2003. Pages 52-65.
10 The Absurdity of Philosophy
㻌

㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼟㼍㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼓㼞㼛㼡㼜㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼐㼛㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼚㼐㼕㼢㼕㼐㼡㼍㼘㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼞㼞㼛㼓㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼜㼍㼟㼟㻚㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻺㼕㼑㼠㼦㼟㼏㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼔㼑㻌
㼕㼚㼒㼍㼙㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌㼣㼞㼛㼠㼑㻘㻌䇾㻳㼛㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼐㼑㼍㼐㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼗㼕㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌㻴㼕㼙㻚䇿5㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼚㼑䇻㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼕㼓㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌
㻺㼕㼑㼠㼦㼟㼏㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼞㼑㼍㼗㻌㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼖㼑㼏㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㻌
㼔㼕㼓㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼔㼕㼑㼢㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼔㼛㼜㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼠㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼔㼕㼓㼔㻘㻌 㻺㼕㼑㼠㼦㼟㼏㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼚㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼑㼚㼟㼡㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼍㼎㼍㼚㼐㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㻘㻌
㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻼㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼚㼑㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼕㼐㼑㼍㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㼘㼠㼑㼞㼚㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㻙㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼙㼕㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼗㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌㻌㻲㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㻌㼍㼞㼠㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼍㼗㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼞㼠㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼐㼑㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼚㼐㼑㼡㼞㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌㼍㻌㼓㼍㼥㻌㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌

6 㻵㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼕㼙㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㻌 㼔㼡㼓㼑㻌

㼏㼔㼍㼟㼙㻌㼛㼜㼑㼚㼟㻌㼡㼜㻌㼎㼑㼔㼕㼚㼐㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌
㼍㻌㼓㼕㼍㼚㼠㻌㼙㼛㼡㼠㼔㻘㻌㼟㼍㼘㼕㼢㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼣㼍㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼘㼕㼜㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼍㼘㼘㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌
㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼖㼍㼣㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼘㼡㼞㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼚㼛㼣㼥㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼜㻌 㼎㼍㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌
㼢㼕㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼘㼕㼦㼦㼍㼞㼐㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌㼏㼘㼕㼙㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼥㼑㼍㼞㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼜㼞㼑㼜㼍㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌

5
Nietzsche, Friedrich. The Gay Science. New York, NY: Vintage Books. 1974.
§125.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 11
㻌

㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼑㼠㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼠㼡㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌
㼚㼛㼣㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼏㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼎㼘㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼐㼕㼓㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼛㼠㼔㼛㼘㼐㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻼㼍㼞㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼟㼗㼕㼚㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼦㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼕㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌
㼅㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼞㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼍㼓㼓㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼢㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼠㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼠㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼖㼍㼓㼓㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼛㼠㼔㼛㼘㼐㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼔㼡㼚㼓㼞㼥㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼒㼛㼛㼐㻚㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼞㼟㼠㼥㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼙㼛㼡㼠㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼘㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼑㼘㼠㻌 㼏㼔㼕㼜㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼥㼛㼚㼐㻌㼑㼤㼔㼍㼡㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼟㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼛㼜㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㻿㼛㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼛㼜㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌㼙㼛㼠㼕㼢㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼒㼍㼘㼘㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼔㼍㼟㼙㻌㼎㼑㼘㼛㼣㻘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻦㻌 㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼑㼍㼡㼠㼕㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼣㼛㼙㼍㼚㻫㻌㻌
㻹㼛㼚㼑㼥㻫㻌 㻌 㻲㼍㼙㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㼀㼍㼘㼑㼚㼠㻫㻌 㻌 㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼣㼕㼟㼐㼛㼙㻘㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻫㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼏㼔㼛㼛㼟㼑㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㼟㻚㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼛㼜㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼍㼜㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼑㼐㻫㻌 㻌 㻭㼞㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼡㼜㼟㼑㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻫㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼞㼑㼍㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌
㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼑㼚㼠㼕㼞㼑㼘㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼜㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻰㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻰㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼜㼍㼕㼞㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼛㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㼜㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼕㼚㼐㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌㼕㼠㻍㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㻌㼚㼛㼣㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼍㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼜㼍㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼏㼘㼕㼙㼎㻚㻌
㻌
7 㻺㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㻲㼞㼕㼑㼐㼞㼕㼏㼔㻌㻺㼕㼑㼠㼦㼟㼏㼔㼑㻘6㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼑㼟㼟㼕㼙㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼒㼍㼠㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼍㼠㼑㼓㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼑㼟㼟㼕㼙㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌

6
Nietzsche, Friedrich. The Will to Power. New York, NY: Barnes & Noble
Publishing, Inc. 2006. §585.
12 The Absurdity of Philosophy
㻌

㼒㼍㼠㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㼟㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼍㻌㼓㼞㼛㼡㼜㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼑㼍㼏㼔㻘㻌㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼢㼍㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼚㼛㼡㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻚㻌㻌㻸㼑㼠䇻㼟㻌㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻦㻌㻌㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼘㼎㼑㼞㼠㻌 㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼎㼛㼛㼗㻘㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㻹㼥㼠㼔㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼟㼗㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼗㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼛㼚㼑㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌
㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㻴㼑㻌 㼏㼕㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼡㼚㼐㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻘㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻚7㻌㻌䇾㼀㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌䇵㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚䇿㻌㻌㻌
㻵㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼙㼑㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 䇾㻵㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㻔㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻕㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㼘㼘㻌 㼗㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼛㼞㻌㼏㼡㼞㼘㻌㼡㼜㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼍㻌㼏㼛㼞㼚㼑㼞㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼛㻌㼍㼎㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌
㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻚䇿㻌㻌㼃㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㻳㼛㼐㻘㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼍㻌㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻘㻌
㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼜㼑㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻚㻌㻌㻿㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼣㼑㻌㼗㼕㼘㼘㻌㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼜㼍㼕㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼒㼍㼠㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻫㻌㻌
㻻㼞㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼣㼑㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼟㼙㻌
㼏㼘㼍㼕㼙㼟㻫㻌㻌㻌
㻸㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻫㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㻭㼜㼞㼕㼘㻌㻞㻜㻜㻣㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼣㼕㼒㼑㻌㼐㼕㼐㼚㻓㼠㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼔㼛㼙㼑㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼑㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻟㻦㻜㻜㻚㻌 㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼗㼑㻌㼡㼜㻌㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㻝㻝㻦㻜㻜㻌 㼍㼙㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌
㻠㻦㻜㻜㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼐㼚㻓㼠㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㼑㼞㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼔㼍㼘㼒㻘㻌 㻵㻌
㼠㼛㼛㼗㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼛㼜㼜㼛㼞㼠㼡㼚㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㼑㼞㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼐㼍㼣㼚㼑㼐㻌㼛㼚㻌㼙㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼍㼐㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼑㼞㼞㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼐㼑㼍㼐㻘㻌㻵㻌㼗㼚㼑㼣㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻓㼐㻌㼐㼛㻦㻌㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌㼘㼍㼟㼠㻌
㼠㼑㼟㼠㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼢㼕㼐㼑㼛㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼡㼕㼏㼕㼐㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼟㼠㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻚㻌㻌㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻓㼟㻌㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌

7
Camus, Albert. The Myth of Sisyphus. New York, NY: Vintage International. 1991.
Page 3.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 13
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㼟㼡㼕㼏㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻦㻌 㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼗㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼞㼡㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼑㼚㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㼑㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼙㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼥㻌㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻱㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼘㼑㼐㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㼘㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼍㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼑㼚㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㼑㼚㼑㼐㻌㼙㼑㻫㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㻵㻌㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌
㼕㼠㻌㼛㼚㻌㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼕㼠㻓㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼔㼥㻌㻵㻓㼙㻌㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻮㼡㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼠㻓㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㻵㻓㼙㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼙㼥㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼢㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼠㼔㻌 㼐㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼠㼔㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻫㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼍㼠㼕㼟㼒㼥㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㻙㻌㼕㼠㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼔㼍㼘㼒㻙㼜㼑㼞㼟㼡㼍㼐㼑㼐㻌㼙㼑㻌㻙㻌㼍㼟㻌
㼕㼠㻌㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㻌㼣㼔㼥㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼟㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼛㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㼑㼞㻘㻌 㻵㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼙㼜㼘㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼢㼕㼐㼑㼛㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼘㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻚㻌㻌
㻹㼥㻌 㼘㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼕㼞㼛㼚㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼟㼜㼛㼗㼑㼚㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌㼟㼡㼕㼏㼕㼐㼑㻘㻌㼥㼑㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼎㼑㻘㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼜㼍㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼍㼠㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻍㻌㻌
䇾㼅㼑㼟㻘䇿㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㼟㼡㼕㼏㼕㼐㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼛㻚㻌㻌㻸㼕㼒㼑㻌
㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼐㼑㼚㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼡㼎㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼑㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚㻓㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌
㻹㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼍㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼔㼥㼜㼛㼏㼞㼕㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼚㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼟㼔㼑㻓㼟㻌㼓㼛㼚㼑㻘㻌㼟㼛㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼙㼥㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㻚䇿㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼟㼠㻘㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㻵㻌 㼒㼑㼘㼠㻌 㻵䇻㼐㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼑㼍㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻾㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼓㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼜㼍㼟㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻘㻌
㼎㼡㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼑㼘㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻾㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼘㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌
㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㻵㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼕㼒㼑㼟㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼟㼛㻌
㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟䇻㼟㻌㼍㼤㼕㼛㼙㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼒㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼛㼞㼠㼔㻌㼐㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻘㻌㼕㼠㻓㼟㻌㼣㼛㼞㼠㼔㻌㼘㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼛㼞㻘㻌㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻦㻌㼙㼥㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼘㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌
14 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼎㼑㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌㼙㼥㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼐㼥㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㻵㻌㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼥㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼥㻌㼙㼥㻌
㼟㼡㼕㼏㼕㼐㼑㻫㻌 㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㻌㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼑㻦㻌㻵㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚㻓㼠㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚㻓㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼕㼠㻌㼟㼡㼕㼏㼕㼐㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌㻵㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㻌
㼠㼛㼠㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼛㻚㻌㻌㼀㼛㻌㼐㼕㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼑㼚㼠㼕㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌
㼙㼥㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼏㼔㼛㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼓㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼥㻌㼙㼥㻌㼟㼡㼕㼏㼕㼐㼑㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚㻓㼠㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼟㼑㼑㻘㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼐㼕㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼥㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼢㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼜㼑㼞㼕㼟㼔㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼙㼑㻚㻌
㻵㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼘㼘㼡㼟㼠㼞㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼚㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌㻔㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼥㻌㼣㼕㼒㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌㼒㼕㼚㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼚㼗㻌㼥㼛㼡㻕㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼕㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻧㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼚㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼐㼑㼍㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌
㼍㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼎㼥㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼑㼤㼏㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼟㼠㻘㻌
㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻧㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼜㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼛㼣㼚㻌㼜㼑㼞㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼑㼤㼏㼡㼟㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼙㼍㼕㼚㻌㼍㼣㼍㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌
㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼕㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㻙㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㻌 㻙㻌
㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼘㼥㻘㻌㼥㼑㼟㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌㼍㼣㼍㼞㼑㻘㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼘㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌
㻵㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼎㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻘㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼍㼘㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼐㼕㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼑㼘㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼎㼛㼐㼕㼑㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼞㼡㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼘㼛㼛㼞㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼕㼑㻚㻌㻌㻹㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌㼑㼝㼡㼍㼠㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻿㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼟㼠㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌
㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼗㼕㼘㼘㻌㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻘㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼏㼗㼚㼛㼣㼘㼑㼐㼓㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻹㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼣㼔㼥㻌㼣㼑䇻㼞㼑㻌㼍㼘㼕㼢㼑㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼣㼔㼥㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼚㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼠㻘㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼐㼑㼚㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼐㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻚㻌㻌㻻㼚㼑㻌㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼠㻌㼟㼍㼥㼟㻌㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 15
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㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼑㼤㼠㻌㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼑㼝㼡㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
䇾㼘㼕㼢㼑㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼛㼡㼎㼘㼑㻙㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼍㼞㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼏㼥㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼚㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻌 㻙㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌
㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼕㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥䇻㼘㼘㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼚㼛㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻫㻌㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼗㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼛㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼗㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼟㻫㻌㻌㻺㼛㻚㻌㻌㻱㼠㼔㼕㼏㼟㻌
㼚㼛㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼘㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻹㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼐㼕㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼡㼟㻌㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼛㼚㼏㼑㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼑㼝㼡㼍㼠㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼞㻌㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼟㻌㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌㼐㼑㼚㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼥㻌㼗㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼐㼛㼡㼎㼘㼑㻙㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼍㼞㼐㻚㻌㻌
㻵㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼗㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼑㼘㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㼜㼑㼐㼑㼟㼠㼍㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼑㼏㼘㼍㼞㼑㻌㼕㼚㼚㼛㼏㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌㼚㼛㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼍㼣㼚㻌
㼛㼒㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼡㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌

8 㼃㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㻲㼞㼕㼑㼐㼞㼕㼏㼔㻌㻺㼕㼑㼠㼦㼟㼏㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼍㼘㼠㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼐㼑㼟㼜㼍㼕㼞㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼘㼛㼟㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻭㼘㼎㼑㼞㼠㻌㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌㼐㼑㼍㼘㼠㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼟㼡㼕㼏㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼡㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼟㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㻿㾃㼞㼑㼚㻌
㻷㼕㼑㼞㼗㼑㼓㼍㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼐㼑㼍㼘㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼡㼚㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼕㼓㼕㼛㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼐㼡㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌
㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼞㼕㼓㼕㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼕㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌
㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼎㼛㼞㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼏㼔㼛㼛㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼟㼛㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼑㼟㼏㼍㼜㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼑㼚㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻓㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼒㼍㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼡㼚㼗㼚㼛㼣㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌
16 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼒㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼚㼟㼡㼕㼚㼓㻌㼐㼑㼟㼜㼍㼕㼞㻧㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼟㼏㼍㼜㼑㻌㼞㼛㼡㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㻳㼛㼐㻌㼍㼘㼛㼚㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼘㼑㼍㼐㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻚8㻌㻌㻌
㻭㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻷㼕㼑㼞㼗㼑㼓㼍㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼕㼢㼑㻘㻌 㻴㼑㼓㼑㼘㼕㼍㼚㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼔㼕㼓㼔㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼘㼡㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㻰㼑㼚㼙㼍㼞㼗㻘㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻰㼍㼚㼕㼟㼔㻌 㼏㼔㼡㼞㼏㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㻯㼔㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼕㼓㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻳㼛㼐㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼠㼛㼛㻌㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌㼍㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼢㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻷㼕㼑㼞㼗㼑㼓㼍㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼟㼜㼛㼗㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼚㻌㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㻴㼕㼙㻌 㼐㼑㼙㼍㼚㼐㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼠㼔㻘㻌 㼏㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㻭㼎㼞㼍㼔㼍㼙䇻㼟㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼏㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼑㻌㻵㼟㼍㼍㼏㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼒㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼡㼟㻚9㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻘㻌
㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼔㼕㼙㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼑㼍㼟㼥㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼐㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼢㼑㻘㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼑㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼑㼟㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼟㻚㻌㻌㻲㼍㼕㼠㼔㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㻲㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼚㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼒㼍㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼒㼍㼕㼠㼔㻌㼕㼚㼢㼛㼘㼢㼑㼐㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼑㼚㼠㼕㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼔㼕㼐㼐㼑㼚㻌 㼔㼕㼙㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼑㼙㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌
㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼜㼍㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌㼒㼍㼕㼘㼟㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼔㼛㼜㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼑㼏㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼞㼑㼚㼐㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻘㻌㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻚㻌㻌㻷㼕㼑㼞㼗㼑㼓㼍㼍㼞㼐㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼚㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼞㼡㼟㼠㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼍㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌
㻳㼛㼐㻘㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼍㼏㼑㻌㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼍㻌㼛㼚㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼛㼣㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌
㻳㼛㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㻺㼕㼑㼠㼦㼟㼏㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌 㼟㼍㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌

8
"To be delivered from the sickness of death is an impossibility, for the sickness and
its torment - and death - consist in not being able to die." Kierkegaard, Søren,
Bretall, Robert, ed. "Sickness Unto Death." A Kierkegaard Anthology. Princeton, NJ:
Princeton University Press. 1973. Page 344.
9
"[Abraham] did it for God's sake because God required this proof of his faith." Ibid.
“Fear and Trembling.” Page 133.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 17
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㼔㼍㼜㼜㼕㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌 㻷㼕㼑㼞㼗㼑㼓㼍㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼟㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌

㼐㼑㼟㼜㼍㼕㼞㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼑㼟㼜㼍㼕㼞㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼡㼞㼚㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌㼛㼚㻌㻳㼛㼐㻚10㻌㻌㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼟㼑㼟㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㻯㼔㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌
㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼑㼐㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼍㻌㼒㼞㼕㼑㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㼘㼐㻌㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㻳㼛㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼕㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼍㻌㼜㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼏㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌
㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼏㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌
㼑㼢㼑㼚㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼒㼍㼕㼘㻌㼡㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼕㼠㼔㻌㼛㼞㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㻳㼛㼐㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼎㼍㼟㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼝㼡㼛㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼢㼕㼑㻘㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌㻼㼞㼕㼚㼏㼑㼟㼟㻌㻮㼞㼕㼐㼑㻘㻌
䇾㻭㼚㼥㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼏㼔㼛㼟㼑㼚㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㻷㼕㼑㼞㼗㼑㼓㼍㼍㼞㼐㻌㼐㼕㼐㻘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼒㼍㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌
㻳㼛㼐㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻧㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼓㼞㼍㼚㼐㻌㼚㼍㼞㼞㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼛㼜㼠㻌㼛㼡㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼜㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼠㼔㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼠㼔㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼡㼕㼐㼑㻌㼡㼟㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌
㼒㼍㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼏㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼍㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻌䇵㻌㼍㻌㼏㼔㼛㼕㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼙㼥㻌㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻚

9 㻵㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻫㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼍㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼗㼑㼑㼜㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼙㼛㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼑㼤㼠㻫㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼛㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻫㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌㼍㻌㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌㼛㼞㼓㼍㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌
㼕㼠㻌㼏㼛㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌

10
“Instead of the objective uncertainty, there is a certainty, namely, that objectively it
is absurd and that is absurdity, held fast in the passion of inwardness, is faith. The
Socratic ignorance is like a witty jest in comparison with the earnestness of facing the
absurd; and the Socratic existential inwardness is like the Greek light-mindedness in
comparison with the grave strenuosity of faith." Ibid. “Postscript.” Page 220.
18 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼍㼞㼑㻌㼙㼥㻌㼛㼣㼚㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼑㼚㼠㼕㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌㼍㼜㼍㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻘㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼍㼙㼎㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼘㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㼘㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼜㼍㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼜㼑㼑㼗㼟㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼐㼑㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼘㼑㼒㼠㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼛㼚㼑㼘㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼛㼜㼑㼘㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼛㼚㼑㼘㼕㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼜㼍㼕㼞㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼛㼚㼑㼘㼕㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼛㼜㼑㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㻲㼞㼕㼑㼐㼞㼕㼏㼔㻌 㻺㼕㼑㼠㼦㼟㼏㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼙㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼡㼕㼏㼕㼐㼑㻚11㻌 㻌 㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼢㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼍㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌㼎㼞㼑㼍㼠㼔㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼞㼑㼒㼘㼑㼏㼠㻌㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼣㼑㻌㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼑㻌㼣㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼑㼑㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻭㼟㻌 㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼜㼡㼟㼔㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼐㼍㼙㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼛㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼚㼏㼕㼑㼚㼠㻌 㻳㼞㼑㼑㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼞㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼑㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻘㻌 㼔㼑㻌
㼎㼞㼑㼍㼠㼔㼑㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼡㼟㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㼟㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼒㼍㼙㼕㼘㼕㼍㼞㻌㼟㼙㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼜㼘㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟䇻㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼘㼐㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㼥㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼑㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼡㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼞㼙㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼙㼛㼛㼠㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼞㼛㼏㼗㻧㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼕㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼕㼙㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌㻌㻴㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼞㼡㼘㼥㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻧㻌㼔㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼑㼚㼓㼍㼓㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻘㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼟㼗㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㻚㻌㻌
㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼍㼟㻌㼔㼑㻌㼓㼑㼠㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼛㼜㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼍㼠㼏㼔㼑㼟㻌

11
“Conversely, the compulsion to prolong life from day to day, anxiously consulting
doctors and accepting the most painful, humiliating conditions, without the strength to
come nearer the actual goal of one’s life: this is far less worthy of respect. Religions
provide abundant excuses to escape the need to kill oneself: this is how they
insinuate themselves with those who are in love with life.” Nietzsche, Friedrich.
Human, All Too Human. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press. 1996. §80.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 19
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㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼟㻘㻌 䇾㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌 㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌
㼐㼛㼚㼑㻌㼕㼠㻍䇿㻌㻌㻌
㻺㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼣㼛㻌 㼣㼍㼥㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼙㼙㼑㼐㼕㼍㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌
㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼞㼕㼡㼙㼜㼔㻘㻌 㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼜㼍㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼟㻘㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼘㼑㼟㼟㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻭㼟㻌 㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼘㼗㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼞㼛㼏㼗㻘㻌㻵㻌㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌㼔㼕㼙㻌㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㼏㼞㼑㼍㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼥㻌
㼍㼚㼓㼞㼥㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼓㼞㼕㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼑㼑㼠㼔㻘㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼛㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼗㼕㼏㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼕㼞㼠㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌㼔㼑㻌㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼔㼕㼙㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼎㼑㼔㼕㼚㼐㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼞㼛㼏㼗㻘㻌
㼐㼕㼓㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼞㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼞㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼘㼑㼓㼟㻘㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼠㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼜㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌䇵㻌㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼓㼡㼕㼘㼠㻘㻌 㼒㼑㼍㼞㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼔㼍㼠㼞㼑㼐㻌䇵㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼞㼡㼟㼠㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌 㼔㼕㼙㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼔㼍㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼔㼑㻌㼜㼡㼟㼔㼑㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼔㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㼓㼑㼠㼟㻚㻌㻌㻴㼑㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼜㼡㼟㼔㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼟㼛㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼑㻌 㼜㼡㼟㼔㼑㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼑䇻㼟㻌㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼔㼑㻌㼒㼕㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼓㼑㼠㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼛㼜㻌
㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼥㼏㼘㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼜㼑㼍㼠㼟㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼑㼣㻌 㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼒㼑㼣㻌 㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻘㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼟㼔㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼐㻌 㼐㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻚㻌㻌㻴㼑㻌㼎㼑㼓㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼏㼘㼍㼞㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼞㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼕㼙㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌
㼔㼕㼙㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼑㼟㼜㼍㼕㼞㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼚㼛㼚㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻚㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻫㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌
㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼜㼡㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻫㻌 㻌 㻿㼡㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌
㼣㼍㼠㼏㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼜㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌
㼠㼔㼛㼡㼟㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼟㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌㼍㼔㼑㼍㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼕㼙㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼙㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌 㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼡㼜㻍㻌 㻌 㻸㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼠㻘㻌 㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼏㼑㼍㼟㼑㼐㻘㻌㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼏㼡㼞㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼜㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼑㼞㼜㼑㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼜㼛㼡㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼛㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼕㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼡㼕㼏㼕㼐㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌
20 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼕㼚㼟㼜㼕㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼛㼠㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼙㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼜㼡㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼍㼠㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼕㼐㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼜㼍㼕㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼜㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌
㼙㼍㼗㼑㻙㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼢㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼟㻫㻌㻌㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼠㼞㼕㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼔㼑㻌㼐㼕㼐㻌㼒㼍㼘㼘㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼚㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼙㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼚㼛㼣㻌
㼔㼑㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㼚㻌㼡㼜㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼒㼛㼞㼑㼢㼑㼞㼙㼛㼞㼑㻚㻌㻌㻴㼑㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌
㼞㼑㼏㼛㼚㼏㼕㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼥㻌㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌㼘㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼣㼍㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌㻌㻴㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌㻭㼘㼎㼑㼞㼠㻌㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㼟㻌
㼔㼕㼟㻌㼑㼟㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻹㼥㼠㼔㻌㼛㼒㻌㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌㻌

䇾㻵㻌㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㻌㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼛㼛㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻍㻌㻌㻻㼚㼑㻌㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌
㼒㼕㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼑䇻㼟㻌 㼎㼡㼞㼐㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼑㼍㼏㼔㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼓㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼒㼕㼐㼑㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼚㼑㼓㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼛㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼍㼕㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌㼔㼑㼚㼏㼑㼒㼛㼞㼠㼔㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼍㻌
㼙㼍㼟㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼕㼙㻌 㼚㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼠㼑㼞㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼞㻌 㼒㼡㼠㼕㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻱㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼠㼛㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼠㼛㼚㼑㻘㻌㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌㼙㼕㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㻌㼒㼘㼍㼗㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼚㼕㼓㼔㼠㻙㼒㼕㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㼟㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼓㼓㼘㼑㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼑㼕㼓㼔㼠㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼍㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼞㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼚㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌 㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌
㼔㼍㼜㼜㼥㻚䇿 12㻌

10 㼃㼔㼥㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼣㼑㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻫㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼥㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼛㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼥㼚㼠㼍㼤㻘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼞㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌

12
Camus, Albert. The Myth of Sisyphus. New York, NY: Vintage International.
1991. Page 123.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 21
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㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼥㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼚㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㻘㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌
㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼕㼢㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻙㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼑㼟㻧㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼥㼙㼎㼛㼘㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼑㼍㼟㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼑㼚㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼑㼤㼠㼑㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㻙
㼜㼞㼛㼐㼡㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼚㼠㼍㼏㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼛㼜㼕㼚㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼣㼔㼛㻌㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼒㼍㼞㻌㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼏㼔㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼡㼛㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼕㼐㼑㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼠㼍㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼜㼡㼠㻌㼍㼞㼎㼕㼠㼞㼍㼞㼥㻌㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㼟㻌
㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼎㼕㼠㼞㼍㼞㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼐㼑㼏㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㼀㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼍㼖㼛㼞㼕㼠㼥㻌
㼛㼜㼕㼚㼕㼛㼚㻘䇿㻌 㼛㼞㻘㻌 䇾㻵㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㼟㻘䇿㻌 㼛㼞㻘㻌 䇾㻵㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㼟㻘䇿㻌 㼛㼞㻘㻌 䇾㻵㼠㻌
㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌㼙㼑㻌㼔㼍㼜㼜㼥㻚䇿㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼏㼍㼞㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻾㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼙㼕㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼎㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼏㼍㼞㼑㻧㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼙㼕㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼖㼑㼏㼠㼟㻚㻌㻌
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11㻌㻌㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼍㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼟㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼐㼕㼒㼒㼕㼏㼡㼘㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼛㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㻼㼘㼍㼠㼛㼚㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼐㼐㼑㼚㻘㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼢㼑㼍㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌
22 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㻵㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼓㼛㼚㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼑㼑㻌㻹㼑㼞㼏㼑㻌㻯㼡㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㼔㼍㼙䇻㼟㻌
䇾㻯㼍㼚㼒㼕㼑㼘㼐㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼍㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㼟㻌 㼓㼛㻌
㼐㼛㼣㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼜㼑㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㻌 㼓㼞㼛㼡㼜㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼍㼚㼏㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼚㻙
㼟㼠㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼐㼍㼚㼏㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼕㼏㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㻌 㼎㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼙㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼛㼘㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻘㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼞㼕㼏㼗㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌㼐㼛㼛㼞㼟㻘㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼠㼛㼓㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼞㼡㼙㼙㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼍㼜㼟㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼚㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼚㼠㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼔㼛㼘㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㼜㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼔㼑㼍㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼞㼕㼚㼑㼠㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼞㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼔㼛㼚㼗㻌 㼚㼛㼣㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌 㻿㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼑㼘㼟㼑㻌㼠㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼞㼐㼕㼛㼚㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼍㻌
㼟㼘㼕㼚㼗㼥㻘㻌 㼜㼡㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼕㼞㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼙㼜㼑㼠㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼞㻌
㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼜㼕㼏㼗㼑㼐㻌㼡㼜㻌㼍㻌㼠㼞㼡㼙㼜㼑㼠㻌㼎㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌 䇵㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼙㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼘㼡㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼍㼜㼍㼏㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼙㼜㼑㼠㻌
㼟㼝㼡㼑㼍㼗㻚㻌㻌㻻㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼙㼡㼟㼕㼏㼕㼍㼚㼟㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼙㼡㼟㼕㼏㻧㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼠㼍㼘㼗㻌 㼘㼛㼡㼐㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼡㼐㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼙㼎㼑㼞㼟㻚㻌㻌
㻹㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼐㼍㼚㼏㼑㼞㼟㻘㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼕㼏㼕㼍㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼓㼡㼥㻌㼎㼑㼔㼕㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㻙㼎㼛㼍㼞㼐㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼓㼛㼚㼑㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㻌 㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼘㼑㼒㼠㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼍㼜㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼑㼑㻙㼥㼑㼍㼞㻙㼛㼘㼐㻌
㼣㼔㼛㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼐㼍㼚㼓㼘㼥㻌㼏㼔㼍㼕㼚㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼙㼜㻌
㼐㼛㼑㼟㻚㻌
㼅㼛㼡㼞㻌㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼒㼕㼢㼑㻌㼙㼕㼚㼡㼠㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌
㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼑㼞㼞㼕㼎㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼑㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼟㻦㻌 㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼍㼚㼏㼑㼞㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼞㼛㼐㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㻌㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼐㼛㻚㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㻌㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼥㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼑㼞㼏㼑㼕㼢㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼑㼥㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼕㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼕㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌㼍㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼒㼛㼏㼍㼘㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 23
㻌

㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌

㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌㼥㼛㼡䇻㼢㼑㻌㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼍㼚㼏㼑㼞㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼙㼍㼚㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌㼟㼛㼛㼚㻌㼍㼟㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼑㼟㼠㼟㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻘㻌㼟㼛㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻚㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼛㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼑㼍㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻸㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼏㼕㼠㼥㻌㻙㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼚㼛㼕㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌
㼕㼚㻌㼕㼠㻌㼍㼞㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌㼏㼛㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼍㼠㼑㼐㻧㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼞㼑㼔㼑㼍㼞㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼐㼍㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼕㼓㻌 㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼗㼥㻌 㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼏㼘㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼍㼦㼦㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼚㼏㼑㻧㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼠㼡㼞㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼒㼒㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌
㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼒㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼡㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼍㼘㻌
㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㻌㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼟㼜㼑㼚㼐㻌㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼛㼚㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼡㼟㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼟㼑㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻚㻌㻌㻴㼍㼢㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼚㼛㼠㼕㼏㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼛㼏㼏㼡㼜㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼡㼚㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻫㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼟㼑㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼕㼙㼙㼡㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻧㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼟㼛㼛㼚㻌㼍㼟㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼑㼟㼠㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼟㻘㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌
㼟㼛㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻚㻌
㻱㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻘㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㼣㼔㼑㼘㼙㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼍㼞㼞㼛㼣㻌
㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼘㼛㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼍㼥㻌㼍㼠㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼔㼕㼠㼟㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌
㼎㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼑㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼓㼓㼞㼍㼢㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼍㼜㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻧㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼙㼍㼦㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼡㼜㼔㼛㼞㼕㼍㻌 㻙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼙㼜㼛㼞㼍㼞㼥㻌
㼕㼚㼟㼍㼚㼕㼠㼥㻌㻙㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼚㻌㼛㼞㼓㼍㼟㼙㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼣㼍㼞㼑㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼍㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌
24 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼒㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼡㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼡㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌
㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟䇻㼟㻌㼍㼎㼟㼛㼞㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌 㼜㼡㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼘㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼒㼍㼠㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼕㼘㼘㻌㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼞㼛㼏㼗㻘㻌
㼠㼡㼙㼎㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼍㼢㼕㼚㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼍㼣㼍㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼍㻚㻌㻌㻴㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㻌㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼛㼚㻌㼜㼡㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼛㼜㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼕㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌㼒㼍㼘㼘㻌㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌㼔㼕㼙㻌㼎㼥㻌
㼟㼡㼞㼜㼞㼕㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼍㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㼣㼔㼑㼘㼙㼟㻌㼔㼕㼙㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌
㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌㼍㻌㼒㼑㼣㻌㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼎㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌㼞㼑㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼚㻌㼔㼕㼙㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼛㼐㼟㻌 㼐㼍㼙㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼔㼕㼙㻌 㼠㼛㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼘㼎㼑㼞㼠㻌 㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼑㼟㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻘㻌 䇾㻻㼚㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌
㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌㼔㼍㼜㼜㼥㻚䇿㻌㻌㼃㼔㼥㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼣㼑㻫㻌㻌㻯㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻘㻌㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼍㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌
㼍㼓㼓㼞㼍㼢㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼍㼜㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼘㼥㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼒㼑㼑㼘㻘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼍㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻸㼕㼗㼑㼣㼕㼟㼑㻘㻌㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼞㼛㼏㼗㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵䇻㼐㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼑㼐㻌 㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼍㻘㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼘㼕㼙㼕㼠㼑㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼤㼔㼍㼡㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌
㼗㼑㼑㼜㻌㼔㼕㼙㻌㼛㼏㼏㼡㼜㼕㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼒㼞㼍㼕㼐㻚㻌㻌㻴㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼒㼑㼍㼞㻌
㼡㼚㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼡㼜㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻘㻌
㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼏㼔㼛㼟㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼟㻌㼔㼕㼙㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌㻌 㻴㼑㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼑㻌
㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼏㼔㼛㼟㼑㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌 㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼘㼕㼒㼑㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼡㼟㻌㼔㼍㼜㼜㼥㻚㻌

12 㻮㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼑㼚㼐㼑㼍㼢㼛㼞㼟㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼠㼞㼍㼏㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 25
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㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼛㼚㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼍㼘㼛㼓㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼣㼑䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻘䇿13㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼎㼥㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼐㼑㼐㼡㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻱㼢㼑㼞㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌
㻾㼑㼚㽴㻌 㻰㼑㼟㼏㼍㼞㼠㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 䇾㻯㼛㼓㼕㼠㼛㻌 㼑㼞㼓㼛㻌 㼟㼡㼙䇿㻌 㻔䇾㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙䇿㻕㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼡㼎㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼡㼎㼠㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌㼐㼕㼟㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼎㼛㼐㼥㻘㻌㻰㼑㼟㼏㼍㼞㼠㼑㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼡㼘㼠㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻘㻌 㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻘㻌 㼘㼑㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼚㻌
㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼟㼠㼍㼎㼘㼕㼟㼔㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻰㼑㼟㼏㼍㼞㼠㼑㼟㻌
㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼟㻘㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻱㼢㼑㼞㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌
㻰㼑㼟㼏㼍㼞㼠㼑㼟㻌㼗㼚㼑㼣㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼟㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼘㼑㼐㼓㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌䇺㻵㻘䇻㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼍㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼍㼖㼛㼞㻌
㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼎㼥㻘㻌㼞㼑㼟㼕㼐㼑㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼡㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼑㼤㼠㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼥㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼐㼑㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㻔㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼘㼑㼐㼓㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻧㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻕㻌㼏㼛㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㼘㼕㼟㼠㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻹㼕㼚㼐㻧㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 䇺㼏㼍㼚䇻㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼕㼐㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㼣㼕㼟㼑㻘㻌
㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼑㼙㼍㼚㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㻺㼛㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌
䇺㼏㼍㼚䇻㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌

13
Descartes, René. Discourse on Method; New York, NY: Barnes & Noble
Publishing, Inc. 2004. Page 84.
26 The Absurdity of Philosophy
㻌

㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㼘㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼐㼕㼏㼔㼛㼠㼛㼙㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌

㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼥㼙㼎㼛㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼥㼙㼎㼛㼘㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻚㻌 㻌 㻔㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼓㼑㼠㼟㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻘㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㻷㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌
㼕㼐㼑㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㻯㼍㼞㼠㼑㼟㼕㼍㼚㻌㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼑㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼎㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼏㼍㼚㻘㻌㻵㻌㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌㼟㼑㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼟㼕㼐㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌
㼏㼍㼚㻌㼟㼑㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼔㼍㼜㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼡㼠㼘㼕㼚㼑㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㻵㻌㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌㼟㼑㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌
㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻰㼕㼙㼑㼚㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼝㼡㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㼘㼥㻌 㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㻹㼕㼚㼐㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼡㼠㼘㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌㼟㼔㼍㼜㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼕㼏㼔㼛㼠㼛㼙㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼍㻌㼐㼕㼏㼔㼛㼠㼛㼙㼥㻚㻕㻌㻌㻌
㻹㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼛㼛㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼟㼠㼡㼐㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼓㼞㼛㼡㼜㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㼕㼟㼠㼟㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼠㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌㼐㼕㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼕㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌
㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼞㼕㼓㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼞㼑㻙㼣㼍㼞㻌 㼂㼕㼑㼚㼚㼍㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼠㼞㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼞㼑㼐㼡㼏㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼑㼟㼟㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻚㻌㻌㻳㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼥㼚㼠㼍㼤㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻚㻌㻌㻻㼒㻌㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻫㻌 㻌 㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 䇾㼡㼚㼕㼏㼛㼞㼚䇿㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼛㼡㼞㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻚㻌㻌㻻㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻘㻌㼡㼚㼕㼏㼛㼞㼚㼟㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻚㼑㻚㻌㼕㼒㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼍㼟㼗㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼞㼍㼣㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼏㼛㼞㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼖㼡㼐㼓㼑㻌㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼛㼞㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼏㼏㼡㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼏㼛㼞㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 27
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㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌

㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻌㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼑㼍㼞㼘㼕㼑㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌㼍㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼒㼞㼛㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼡㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼎㼍㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌
䇾㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟䇿㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌
㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㻸㼡㼐㼣㼕㼓㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼀㼞㼍㼏㼠㼍㼠㼡㼟㻌 㻸㼛㼓㼕㼏㼛㻙
㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼡㼟㻚14㻌 㻌 㻔㻺㼛㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌
㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㼟㻌㼛㼞㻌䇾㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟䇿㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼎㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼜㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌
㼥㼑㼠㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻚㻕㻌
㼃㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼐㼢㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼏㼑㼞㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼑㻦㻌㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㼟㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻘㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㻙㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼍㼞㼠㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼑㼚㼠㼕㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 䇾㼡㼚㼕㼏㼛㼞㼚㻘䇿㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼛㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼎㼟㼑㼞㼢㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼍㼏㼗㼎㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼠㼟㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼑㼤㼠㼑㼚㼐㼑㼐㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌㼏㼘㼍㼕㼙㼟㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼚㻌㼍㼟㼟㼑㼞㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㼟㻘㻌䇾㻳㼛㼐㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼟㻘䇿㻌㼕㼟㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼍㼟㻌㼡㼚㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼍㼟㻘㻌
䇾㼁㼚㼕㼏㼛㼞㼚㼟㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㻘䇿㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻮㼑㼞㼠㼞㼍㼚㼐㻌㻾㼡㼟㼟㼑㼘㼘䇻㼟㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌䇾㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼍㻌 㼠㼑㼍㼏㼡㼜㻌 㼛㼞㼎㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼡㼚㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㻱㼍㼞㼠㼔䇻㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻹㼍㼞㼟䇻㻌
㼛㼞㼎㼕㼠㻚䇿15㻌㻌㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼠㼑㼍㼜㼛㼠㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼛㼞㼎㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼡㼚㻘㻌

14
“We make to ourselves pictures of facts. The picture presents the facts in logical
space, the existence and non-existence of atomic facts. The picture is a model of
reality. To the objects correspond in the picture the elements of the picture. The
elements of the picture stand, in the picture, for the objects.” Wittgenstein, Ludwig.
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. New York, NY: Barnes & Noble Publishing, Inc.
1927. Page 15, §§ 2.1 – 2.131.
15
Russell, Bertrand. "Is There a God?" 1952. Evan's Experientialism.
<http://evans-experientialism.freewebspace.com/russell10.htm>.
28 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼥㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼘㼍㼏㼗㼟㻌㼍㻌㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼜㼍㼏㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼕㼟㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼚㼕㼏㼛㼞㼚㼟㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼔㼛㼞㼟㼑㼟㻌㼎㼥㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌㼔㼛㼞㼚㻚㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼓㼛㻌
㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻫㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼑㼚㼛㼞㼙㼛㼡㼟㻚㻌㻌㻷㼡㼞㼠㻌㻳㾁㼐㼑㼘㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼓㼛㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼞㼛㼢㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼤㼕㼛㼙㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼞㼕㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼤㼕㼛㼙㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻲㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㼙㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌㼍㻌㼟㼑㼠㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼤㼕㼛㼙㼟㻌㼎㼥㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼕㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼠㻚16㻌 㻌 㻮㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼍㼘㼛㼓㼥㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼘㼟㻌
㼢㼕㼏㼠㼕㼙㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼞㼕㼓㼛㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌
㼍㼤㼕㼛㼙㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻘㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌
㼒㼍㼏㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼕㼘㼑㼙㼙㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 㻔㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼞㼙㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼠㼟㻕㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻘㻌
㼎㼡㼠㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼓㼛㻌㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌
㻿㼛㼛㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼘㼑㼍㼐㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼕㼚㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼘㼕㼙㼎㼛㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌㻌㻌

16
Gödel, Kurt. "On Formally Undecidable Propositions in Principia Mathematica and
Related Systems." IBM Research. 1931.
<http://www.research.ibm.com/people/h/hirzel/papers/canon00-goedel.pdf>.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 29
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13 㻷㼡㼞㼠㻌 㻳㾁㼐㼑㼘㻘㻌 㻸㼡㼐㼣㼕㼓㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼃㼕㼘㼘㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼂㼍㼚㻌

㻻㼞㼙㼍㼚㻌 㻽㼡㼕㼚㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼢㼍㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌
㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻘㻌 㻷㼍㼞㼘㻌 㻼㼛㼜㼜㼑㼞㻌 㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚17㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼘㼑㼚㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻧㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻌 㻔㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼠㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㻕㻌㼕㼒㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼥㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌
㻿㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼢㼑㼞㼎㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼥㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼙㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼍㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼒㼍㼏㼑㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼡㼚㼕㼏㼛㼞㼚㼟㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼘㼑㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼢㼛㼘㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼙㻘㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼘㼛㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼔㼑㼏㼗㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㻌㼡㼚㼕㼏㼛㼞㼚㻚㻌㻌
㼁㼚㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌
㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼍㼙㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼤㼕㼛㼙㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼟㻧㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼑㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼕㼒㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼤㼕㼛㼙㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼟㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌
㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻾㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼍㼏㼠㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑䇻㼟㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼘㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌
㼐㼛㼣㼚㼒㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌㻿㼍㼐㼘㼥㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼒㼍㼕㼘㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼥㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㼘㼘㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼍㼤㼕㼛㼙㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㻌
㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㻶㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼐㻌 㼔㼛㼏㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻸㼕㼗㼑㼣㼕㼟㼑㻘㻌

17
Popper, Karl. The Logic of Scientific Discovery. London, UK: Routledge. 2000.
30 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼚㼑㼓㼍㼠㼑㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼚㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌
㼍㼏㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㻚㻌㻌㻲㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼞㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㼟㻘㻌䇾㻴㼑㼘㼘㼛㻚䇿㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻫㻌㻌
㻿㼡㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌
㼚㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻍㻌㻌㻻㼞㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻦㻌㻌䇾㼃㼍㼠㼑㼞㻍䇿㻌㻌㻿㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼍㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼥㻌㼕㼠㻌㼍㼟㻌
㼣㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼑㼤㼏㼘㼍㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 䇺㼣㼍㼠㼑㼞䇻㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻦㻌 㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼐㼞㼍㼚㼗㻌 㼍㻌 㼓㼘㼍㼟㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼣㼍㼠㼑㼞㻚䇿㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼍㼜㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼘㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼎㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻘㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㼟㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼛㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻚㻌㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼑㼤㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼕㼚㼢㼛㼘㼢㼑㼐㻌
㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼎㼍㼠㼑㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼛㼞㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㻳㼛㼐㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼟㻚㻌 㻌㻵㼚㻌㼍㻌㼓㼛㼐㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌
㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼗㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼑㼘㼟㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼑㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼔㼑㼚㼛㼙㼑㼚㼍㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼟㼑㼟㼟㼑㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㼘㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼀㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌
㻿㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 㼑㼙㼍㼚㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻘㻌
㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㻶㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㻾㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌
㻔㼚㼛㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼜㼕㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼘㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㼟㻕㻚㻌 㻌 㻶㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㻿㼛㼏㼞㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㼑㼐㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㻼㼘㼍㼠㼛䇻㼟㻌 㼑㼍㼞㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼕㼍㼘㼛㼓㼡㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼜㼑㼐㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼍㼘㼗㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼒㼍㼕㼘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼠㼍㼘㼗㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻧㻌㼑㻚㼓㻚㻌㼘㼍㼣㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 31
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㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼍㼘㼗㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻶㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌
㻶㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼐㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼏㼍㼠㼑㼓㼛㼞㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㼘㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌
䇾㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑䇿㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼑㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼡㼚㻘㻌 䇾㻶㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻘䇿㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼚㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼓㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼞㼕㼓㼕㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼡㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼙㼕㼟㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼐㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼕㼢㼑㼐㻙㼚㼛㼡㼚㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻧㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌 䇺㻶㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻧䇻㻌
㼡㼚㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼡㼚㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 䇺㻾㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚䇻㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻾㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻚㻌 㻌 䇾㻾㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚䇿㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼎㻧㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻻㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼐㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㻦㻌㻌
䇾㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼍㼎㼘㼑㻚䇿㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼍㼠㼑㼓㼛㼞㼕㼦㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㻔㼚㼛㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼢㼑㼞㼎㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㻕㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼑㼞㼕㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼛㼡㼚㻘㻌䇺㻾㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻚䇻㻌㻌
㻻㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌
㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㻶㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻾㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼒㼍㼕㼘㻌㼡㼟㻚㻌㻌㻌

14 㻵㼒㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼕㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌

㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼞㼡㼚㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼎㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼠㼙㼛㼐㼑㼞㼚㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻧㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼑㼚㼐㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼛㼚㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼘㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼓㼍㼟㼜㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼕㼞㻘㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼍㼏㼗㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼕㼒㼑㼟㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌㼒㼍㼕㼚㼠㻌㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼜㼡㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼍㼟㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌㼎㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻘㻌
㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼟㼘㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼞㼡㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼟㼣㼛㼞㼐㻚㻌㻌
㻰㼑㼟㼜㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼕㼙㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼟㼠㼟㻘㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻘㻌
㼍㼟㻌㻯㼔㼕㼜㻌㻹㼛㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㼟㼠㼍㼞㻌㼜㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌䇾㼍㻌㼒㼍㼕㼞㼘㼥㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㼡㼘㼍㼕㼏㻌㼜㼞㼛㼏㼑㼟㼟㻚䇿18㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌
㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻦㻌 㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌

18
Morningstar, Chip. "How To Deconstruct Almost Anything: My Postmodern
Adventure." 1993. <http://www.fudco.com/chip/deconstr.html>.
32 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌

㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼎㼕㼍㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼓㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼛㼛㼗㼎㼕㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼠㼍㼕㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼚㼠㼕㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼙㼎㼕㼓㼡㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼏㼕㼞㼏㼡㼙㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌
㼏㼕㼞㼏㼡㼙㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼙㼎㼕㼓㼡㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼑㼑㼗㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼟㻌㼠㼛㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼟㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㻘㻌
㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼑㼘㼟㼑㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼥㼑㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌
㻱㼢㼑㼚㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼞㼞㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌
㼛㼣㼚㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌
㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼍㼜㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼠㻌
㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌㼍㻌㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼛㼞㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌㼍㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻘㻌㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻵㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻶㼍㼏㼝㼡㼑㼟㻌 㻰㼑㼞㼞㼕㼐㼍㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼠㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼠㼑㼚㼟㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼍㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌䇺㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚䇻19㻌㻌㻭㻌
㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼔㼑㼚㼛㼙㼑㼚㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼢㼛㼘㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼑㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㼢㼛㼘㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼟㼔㼍㼜㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼟㼡㼞㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼘㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼍㼜㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㼙㼑㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼑㼚㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌㼐㼍㼕㼘㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼙㼍㼘㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼑㼙㼍㼘㼑㻘㻌
㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼍㼘㼟㼑㻘㻌㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㼒㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼢㼕㼘㻚㻌㻌㻱㼍㼏㼔㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼑㼞㼙㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼑㻘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼑㼞㼙㼟㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼑㼞㼙㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌㻌
㻲㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻫㻌㻌䇾㼀㼔㼑㻌㼝㼡㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼍㼘㼟㼑㻚䇿㻌㻌

19
Derrida, Jacques. Of Grammatology. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins
University Press. 1997.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 33
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㼃㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼑㻫㻌 㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼍㼕㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌㻔㼛㼞㻌㼒㼍㼕㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼗㻕㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼛㼏㼑㼚㼠㼞㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼏㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼍㼚㻌㼑㼙㼜㼔㼍㼟㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼛㼚㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌
㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌
㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼑㼢㼕㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼟㼠㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼙㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼙㼍㼚㻚㻌㻌
㻰㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼘㼛㼓㼛㼏㼑㼚㼠㼞㼕㼏㻌㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼑㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻧㻌
㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼑㼙㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼛㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼍㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼏㼍㼚㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼐㼕㼟㼙㼍㼚㼠㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼞㼛㼚㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌

15 䇾㻵䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 䇾㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐䇿㻌 㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌

㼟㼛㼘㼕㼜㼟㼕㼟㼠㻘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻫㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼔㼑㼐㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻫㻌㻌
㻿㼑㼘㼒㻙㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼍㼟㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻚㻌㻌
㻸㼕㼗㼑㼣㼕㼟㼑㻘㻌㼕㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼞㼑㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻫㻌 㻌 㻮㼕㼚㼍㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻌 㻔㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼕㼏㼔㼛㼠㼛㼙㼥㻕㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼛㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌
㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼣㼕㼟㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼐㼑㼏㼕㼐㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼏㼍㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼐㼍㼥㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌䇾㼐㼍㼥㻚䇿㻌
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34 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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16㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼔㼛㼣㻌

㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼑㼜㼑㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐䇻㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㻙㻌 㼕㻚㼑㻚㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼡㼚㼐㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼑㼟㼟㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㻙㻌
㻶㼍㼏㼝㼡㼑㼟㻌㻰㼑㼞㼞㼕㼐㼍䇻㼟㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻚20㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐䇻㼟㻌
㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘㻌㼑㼠㼏㻚㻌㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼤㼏㼑㼘㼘㼑㼚㼠㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼣㼔㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼍㼕㼘㼟㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼐㼑㼒㼑㼞㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼡㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㼙㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼟㼕㼟㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼡㼙㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼑㼢㼑㼚㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼍㼚㻘㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙
㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㼐㻘㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㻌㻔㼕㼚㻌㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼍㼢㼛㼕㼐㻌㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻕㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼑㼞㼙㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻘㻌 㼘㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼛㼡㼚㼐㼍㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼟㼑㼑㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼡㼎㼘㼑㻙㼏㼔㼑㼏㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌
䇾㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼍㼚㼏㼑䇿㻌 㻔㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼚㻌 䇺㼍䇻㻕㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㻰㼑㼞㼞㼕㼐㼍㻚㻌 㻌 㻔䇾㻰㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼍㼚㼏㼑䇿㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌
㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼑㼏㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼚㼛㼡㼚㼏㼑㼐㻌㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌䇾㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘䇿㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼣㼛㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼕㼚㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼔㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼟㼜㼛㼗㼑㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌㻌
䇾㻰㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑䇿㻌 㼎㼞㼑㼍㼗㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼑㼏㼔㻛㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼔㼑㼘㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼑㼏㼔㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼍㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌

20
“There is no outside-text.” Ibid. Page 158.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 35
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㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼜㼑㼑㼏㼔㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻚㻕㻌㻌㻻㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻘㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
䇾㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠䇿㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼕㼓㼙㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼕㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㻌
㼟㼥㼙㼎㼕㼛㼟㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌
㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼡㼚㼖㼡㼟㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌
㻿㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼒㼘㼛㼛㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼛㼎㼘㼕㼓㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼠㼕㼏㼗㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻱㼢㼑㼞㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼚㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼏㼍㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼍㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻭㼜㼛㼞㼕㼍㻚21㻌
㻌
17㻌㻌 㻰㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㻶㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚22㻌 㻌 㻭㻌 㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼚㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼍㼘㼒㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼡㼑㻌㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㻌䇵㻌㼚㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼍㼜㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼑㼕㼓㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼡㼜㼞㼑㼙㼑㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻦㻌㻌
㼕㼙㼎㼍㼘㼍㼚㼏㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼏㼞㼡㼙㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼡㼚㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌㼍㼎㼟㼠㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼍㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼒㼑㼙㼍㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼒㼑㼙㼕㼚㼕㼚㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼍㼟㼏㼡㼘㼕㼚㼕㼠㼥㻫㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼙㼍㼟㼏㼡㼘㼕㼚㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼑㼙㼕㼚㼕㼚㼕㼠㼥㻫㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼓㼑㼚㼐㼑㼞㻙㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼛㼚㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼑㼐㼑㼟㼠㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼕㼞㼍㼎㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼥㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼍㼞㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻵㼚㻌㼐㼑㼟㼠㼞㼛㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 䇾㼘㼑㼟㼟㼑㼞䇿㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼛㼚㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼑㼘㼑㼢㼍㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼒㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼐㼐㻌
㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻶㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌 㻰㼑㼞㼞㼕㼐㼍㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㻶㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌

21
Waylessness; being perpetually lost with no sense of direction.
22
Derrida, Jacques. Acts of Religion. New York, NY: Routledge. 2002.
36 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㻶㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌

㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㻶㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻚㻌
㻌
18㻌 㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼣㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌 㻰㼑㼞㼞㼕㼐㼍䇻㼟㻌 㻭㼜㼛㼞㼕㼍㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼟㼠㻌㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼍㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼐㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㻌㼐㼑㼍㼐㻙㼑㼚㼐㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼐㼟㻌
㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼢㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼛㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼐㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼥㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼙㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼓㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼐㻫㻌 㻌 㻭㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼙㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼥㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼘㼟㻌 㼍㼜㼍㼞㼠㻫㻌 㻌 㻻㼞㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼜㼍㼕㼞㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼠㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼏㼕㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼛㼟㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼑㼟㼠㼞㼛㼥㻫㻌
㻌
19㻌㻌㻵㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼑㻌㼟㼑㼜㼍㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻫㻌㻌㻯㼍㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼕㼚㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼟㻫㻌㻌㻌

20 㻵㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻫㻌㻌

䇺㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻘䇻㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼐㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻘㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼙㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌
㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌
㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㼟㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼞㼑㼙㼑㼙㼎㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼟㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼞㼍㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼒㼠㼑㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼞㼑㼏㼛㼘㼘㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻘㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌
㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌
㻿㼛㼙㼑㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘䇿㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼠㻌㼍㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㼓㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼞㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌
㼙㼍㼐㼑㻘㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼍㻌 䇾㼎㼞㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼒㼍㼞㼠㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻻㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 37
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㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼐㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌
㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻘㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼏㼛㼙㼎㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌
㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 䇺㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻧䇻㻌 㼑㻚㼓㻚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼕㼚㼏㼛㼙㼜㼞㼑㼔㼑㼚㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼣㼕㼟㼑㻌㼡㼚㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼛㼚㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌
㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼒㼍㼞㻌㼍㼟㻌㻵䇻㼙㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼞㼚㼑㼐㻘㻌㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㼍㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼑㼚㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼟㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼦㼑㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼟㼑㼙㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼑㼙㼕㼛㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌㻲㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌
㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼣㼛㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼔㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼛㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻘㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻘㻌 㻵㻌
㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼡㼟㼑㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌㼠㼣㼛㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼔㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌
㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼞㼕㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼜㼛㼗㼑㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌
㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼍㻌㼙㼍㼚㼕㼒㼑㼟㼠㼟㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼏㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼘㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼢㼛㼕㼐㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌
㼍㼙㻌 㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌
㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼔㼑㼘㼜㼟㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼔㻌 㼐㼑㼓㼞㼑㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼜㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼙㼍㼠㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼠㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼕㼢㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼟㼑㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼞㻙㼐㼕㼙㼑㼚㼟㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼑㼑㻙㼐㼕㼙㼑㼚㼟㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼑㼜㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㻌㼍㻌㼒㼛㼡㼞㻙㼐㼕㼙㼑㼚㼟㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼐㼛㻌㻵㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼕㼢㼑㻌㼕㼠㻫㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻻㼞㻌㻵㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼚㼚㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻦㻌 㻌 䇾㻮㼡㼒㼒㼍㼘㼛㻌 㼎㼡㼒㼒㼍㼘㼛㻌 㻮㼡㼒㼒㼍㼘㼛㻌
38 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼎㼡㼒㼒㼍㼘㼛㻌 㼎㼡㼒㼒㼍㼘㼛㻌 㼎㼡㼒㼒㼍㼘㼛㻌 㻮㼡㼒㼒㼍㼘㼛㻌 㼎㼡㼒㼒㼍㼘㼛㻚䇿23㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼎㼛㼐㼥㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌

㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻧㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼍㼘㼕㼒㼕㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼟㼥㼚㼛㼚㼥㼙㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㻌㼠㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼏㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼒㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼢㼛㼕㼐㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼛㼡㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼘㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼕㼙㼙㼑㼐㼕㼍㼠㼑㼘㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼞㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼒㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼑㼜㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 䇺㼎㼡㼒㼒㼍㼘㼛䇻㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌
㻿㼡㼐㼐㼑㼚㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼞㻌 㼍㻌
㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㻘㻌㼍㻌㼟㼑㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼥㼘㼘㼍㼎㼘㼑㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼏㼛㼚㼚㼑㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㼚㼕㼙㼍㼘㻘㻌
㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌㼟㼕㼘㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻸㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼕㼑㻧㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼐㼑㼍㼐㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌㼟㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻚㻌㻌㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼍㼐㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼗㼑㼜㼠㼕㼏㼟㻦㻌㻌䇾㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼇㼕㼚㼟㼑㼞㼠㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㼉㻚䇿24㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌
㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼘㼛㼛㼞㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼔㼛㼘㼐㻌㼙㼑㻚䇿㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌
㼛㼐㼐㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㻙㼟㼗㼑㼜㼠㼕㼏㻌㼟㼍㼥㼟㻌
㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻭㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼛㼡㼎㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼒㼘㼛㼛㼞㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼗㼑㼜㼠㼕㼏㻌
㼙㼍㼥㻌㼜㼞㼛㼏㼘㼍㼕㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼗㼚㼛㼣㼘㼑㼐㼓㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼟㼗㼑㼜㼠㼕㼏㼕㼟㼙㻧㻌㼕㼒㻌㻵㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼥㼛㼡㻘㻌䇾㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼘㼛㼛㼞㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼔㼛㼘㼐㻌 㼙㼑㻘䇿㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼟㼗㼕㼞㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼑㼐㼓㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼘㼛㼛㼞㻘㻌 㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼒㼒㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼘㼕㼑㼡㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼟㼑㼏㼛㼚㼐㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌䇾㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼘㼛㼛㼞㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼔㼛㼘㼐㻌㼙㼑㻘䇿㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼍㼚㻌 㼟㼗㼕㼜㼜㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼍㼘㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼚㻌㼛㼒㼒㼕㼏㼑㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼐㼛㼡㼎㼠㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼘㼛㼛㼞䇻㼟㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼓㼞㼕㼠㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼛㼛㼒㼠㼛㼜㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌㼔㼕㼙㻌㼙㼍㼐㻚㻌㻌㻌

23
This sentence was first used by William J. Rapaport in Linguist List, 1972. Using
the place of Buffalo (e.g., NY), buffalo the animal, and buffalo the verb, this sentence
reads something like, “The bison from New York that other bison from New York
push around, themselves push around other New York bison.”
24
Goldberg, Dr. Bruce. University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Philosophy of Mind
coursework lecture notes of S. Mazzoni. Fall term, 1993.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 39
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21㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼟㻦㻌 㻌 㼕㼒㻌

㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌
㼛㼞㼓㼍㼚㼕㼦㼑㻘㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼑㼞㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌
㼜㼘㼍㼏㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼜㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼕㼑㼞㼍㼞㼏㼔㼕㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻔㼀㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼑㼟㼏㼍㼜㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻱㼢㼑㼚㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼟㼑㼑㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌
㼎㼥㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼐㼑㼝㼡㼍㼠㼑㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻕㻌㻌㻻㼒㻌
㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼎㼑㼥㼛㼚㼐㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼕㼠㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼛㼜㼑㼚㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼙㼛㼡㼠㼔㼟㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌
㼠㼡㼞㼚㻌㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼍㼘㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼒㼡㼚㼐㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼕㼚㼏㼛㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼏㼛㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻸㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌
㼛㼡㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼚㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻸㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㼓㼑㼟㻌㼏㼛㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㻸㼛㼓㼕㼏㻘㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻘㻌
㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼎㼍㼟㼕㼏㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌㼣㼑㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼔㼍㼠㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼓㼘㼕㼙㼜㼟㼑㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼑㻙㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼍㼘㻚㻌㻌㻔㻯㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌㼏㼛㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼞㼕㼟㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼟㼛㼛㼚㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼍㼚㼓㼑㼞㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼞㼚㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼑㼥㼑㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼓㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼛㼡㼞㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㼑㼞㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼓㼞㼑㼑㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼞㼕㼟㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㼟㻚㻕㻌㻌㻌
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22㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻫㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼥㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻫㻌 㻌 㻭㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌 㼍㼟㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 䇾㻵㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼠㻫䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
40 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻧㻌㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌㼡㼜㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼜㼍㼥㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼕㼢㼕㼍㼘㻌
㼟㼑㼙㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼟㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼚㼠㼕㼞㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㼑㼐㻌㼍㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼛㼜㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌㼟㼠㼑㼞㼑㼛㼠㼥㼜㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻦㻌㻌䇾㻳㼛㼐㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼙㼡㼞㼐㼑㼞㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌㻴㼑㻌㼠㼡㼞㼚㼟㻌㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼡㼞㼐㼑㼞㼟㻚䇿㻌
䇾㻳㼛㼐㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼙㼡㼞㼐㼑㼞㻚䇿㻌㻌
䇾㻮㼡㼠㻌㻳㼛㼐㻌㼗㼕㼘㼘㼟㻌㼕㼚㼚㼛㼏㼑㼚㼠㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻚䇿㻌
䇾㻳㼛㼐㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼗㼕㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼚㼛㼚㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼚㼚㼛㼏㼑㼚㼠㻚䇿㻌
䇾㼀㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼡㼚㼎㼛㼞㼚㻌 㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㼞㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㻱㼓㼥㼜㼠㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㻺㼛㼍㼔䇻㼟㻌㼒㼘㼛㼛㼐㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌㼕㼚㼚㼛㼏㼑㼚㼠㻫䇿㻌
㻰㼛㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㻲㼕㼞㼟㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼡㼞㼐㼑㼞㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼛㼏㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼞㼑㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼍㼏㼞㼛㼟㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼛㼞㼕㼓㼕㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 䇾㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼗㼕㼘㼘㼟㻘䇿㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 䇾㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼙㼡㼞㼐㼑㼞㼟㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻳㼛㼐㻌㼗㼕㼘㼘㼟㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼡㼞㼚㻌㼝㼡㼛㼠㼑㼟㻌㼙㼑㻌㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌
䇾㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼙㼡㼞㼐㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻘䇿㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼑㼘㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼞㼐㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼝㼡㼛㼠㼑㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼡㼞㼚㻘㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼟㻌㼙㼥㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌
㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼙㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻚㻌
㻳㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼖㼛㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼘㼥㻌 㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌
㼙㼕㼟㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻭㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼑㼍㼟㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌㼛㼒㻌㻔㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻕㻌
㼙㼕㼟㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌䇾㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼕㼐䇿㻌㼖㼛㼗㼑㼟㻦㻌㻌䇾㻵㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼔㼍㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼡㼜㻚䇿㻌
䇾㼀㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼕㼐㻚䇿㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 41
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㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼠㼏㼔㻌 㼛㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼛㼙㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌

㼒㼍㼕㼘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼟㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻚㻌㻌㻿㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌
㼍㼚㼥㼙㼛㼞㼑㻘䇿㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌 㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼞㼞㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼙㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼓㼑㼐㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼚㼍㼜㼜㼞㼛㼜㼞㼕㼍㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼜㼘㼕㼑㼟㻘㻌 䇾㻵㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㻭㼞㼑㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻫㻌㻌㻰㼕㼐㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㻫㻌 㻌 㻯㼍㼚㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻫㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼥㼛㼡䇻㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻫䇿㻌㼑㼠㼏㻚㻌㻌㻌
㼃㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼒㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌
㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㼕㼚㼓㼘㼥㻌 㼑㼍㼟㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼞㼑㼐㼕㼎㼘㼥㻌
㼐㼍㼚㼓㼑㼞㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼛㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌㼍㼘㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼚㼛㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻙㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌
㼜㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼟㼔㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼗㼑㼑㼜㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼘㼍㼠㼏㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼚㼠㼛㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼙㼕㼟㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㼟㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼜㼛㼗㼑㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌 㼏㼡㼘㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼏㼛㼡㼜㼘㼑㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼑㼚㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼏㼡㼘㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼡㼐㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌
㻌
23㻌㻌㻵㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌
㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼚㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼕㼏㼕㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼟㼠㼑㼚㼟㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼡㼘㼠㼍㼚㼑㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
42 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼎㼛㼐㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼐㼛㼙㼕㼚㼍㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼛㼙㼕㼚㼍㼚㼠㻧㻌

㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼏㼔㼍㼞㼓㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼔㼕㼒㼠㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼡㼞㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌

24 㻱㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻱㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌
㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㻔㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼜㼜㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼠㻫㻕㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼟㼙㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼐㼑㼓㼞㼑㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻫㻌㻌㻻㼡㼞㻌㼎㼛㼐㼥㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼛㼚㼑㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌㼛㼒㻌㼡㼟㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼕㼜㼡㼘㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼟㼡㼞㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼗㼑㼑㼜㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼎㼛㼐㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼍㼘㼘㻫㻌 㻌 㻭㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼘㼘㼑㼍㼎㼘㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼟㼛㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼣㼑䇻㼢㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㼓㼛㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼍㼚㼕㼜㼡㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌㼟㼛㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼍㼚㼕㼜㼡㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼡㼚㼓㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌
㼍㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼛㼘㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼑㼚㼠㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌
㼡㼜㻌㼍㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼍㼚㼕㼜㼡㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼔㼛㼘㼐㼟㻌㼚㼛㼚㼑㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼙㼒㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼑㼐㼕㼑㼢㼍㼘㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌
㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌㼍㻌㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌㼐㼑㼟㼜㼕㼠㼑㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌㼜㼞㼛㼐㼡㼏㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼚㼢㼕㼞㼛㼚㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼙㼍㼚㼕㼜㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻵㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻘㻌
㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼕㼟㼠㼟㻍㻌 㻌 㼀㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻍㻌 㻌 㻿㼡㼏㼏㼑㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼞㼔㼑㼠㼛㼞㼕㼏㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼕㼞㼛㼚㼥㻦㻌㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼛㼣㼚㻌㼙㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌

25 㻺㼛㼣㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼔㼛㼣㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼕㼟㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼡㼟㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻻㼡㼞㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼐㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼠㼞㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌㼍㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼙㼕㼟㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌
㼟㼑㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌 㻙㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼛㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼠㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼍㼙㼎㼕㼓㼡㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 43
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㼏㼛㼚㼢㼕㼚㼏㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌

㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌
㻸㼡㼐㼣㼕㼓㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻓㼟㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻦25㻌㻌㻌
㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻶㼡㼐㼑㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻵㼠㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚㻓㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼥㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼕㼞㼜㼛㼞㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼒㻌㼕㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼥㻌㼢㼕㼞㼠㼡㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼐㼡㼙㼎㻌 㼘㼡㼏㼗㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌
㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻶㼡㼐㼑㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼜㼜㼞㼛㼜㼞㼕㼍㼠㼑㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼟㼛㻌㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻚㻌
㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻦㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌㻌
㻼㼞㼕㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼎㼥㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻘㻌䇾㻵㻓㼙㻌㼍㼚㼓㼞㼥㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㻵㻓㼙㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼚㼓㼞㼥㻘䇿㻌
㼛㼞㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼍㼐㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼏㼑㻘䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼎㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻭㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌㼔㼑㼍㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼚㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼥㼑㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㼚䇻㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼍㻌
㼚㼑㼣㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌䇵㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼡㼟㼑㻘㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼚㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼕㼚㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼞㼑㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼡㼞㻌 㼍㼣㼍㼞㼑㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌
㼣㼍㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌
㼏㼕㼞㼏㼡㼙㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㼟㻚䇿㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㼓㼛㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼞㼑㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㻦㻌㻌䇾㻵㻓㼙㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼚㼓㼞㼥㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㻵㻓㼙㻌㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌

25
Diamond, Cora, ed. Wittgenstein’s Lectures on the Foundations of Mathematics,
Cambridge 1939. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. 1976. Page 19.
44 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼓㼞㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚㻓㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌 㻵㻓㼙㻌 㼍㼚㼓㼞㼥㻌 㻙㻌 㻵㻓㼙㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚䇿㻌㻌㻌
㻻㼡㼞㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼘㼑㼐㼓㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌㼗㼑㼜㼠㻌㼡㼟㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼛㼘㼐㻌㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼒㼞㼡㼟㼠㼞㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻫㻌㻌
㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼕㼠㻌㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼠㻧㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼡㼛㼡㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼣㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼑㼘㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼒㻧㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼙㼕㼟㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼛㼣㼚㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㼟㻫㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘䇿㻌㼛㼞㻘㻌䇾㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓䇿㻫㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼍㻌
㼟㼑㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻫㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼟㼑㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼐㼛㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼘㼐㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻫㻌㻌
㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼏㼕㼞㼏㼘㼑㻦㻌㻌 㻌
㻺㼛㻘㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼞㼞㼛㼣㻌䇵㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼕㼞㼏㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌
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㻺㼛㻘㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼣㼛㻌㼍㼞㼞㼛㼣㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼏㼕㼞㼏㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼘㼘㼡㼟㼠㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼞㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻫㻌㻌
㻼㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼞㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻚㻌㻌
㻵㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼞㼛㼣㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼞㼞㼛㼣㻚㻌㻌㻭㻌
㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼞㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼑㼚㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼞㼞㼛㼣㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㻔㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㻘㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌
㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻕㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼒㼡㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌䇾㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟䇿㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼎㼥㻚㻌㻌㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 45
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26 㻸㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼛㼣㼚㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻫㻌㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼙㼥㻌㼣㼕㼒㼑㻌㼐㼞㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㼣㼍㼥㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌
㻵㻌㼚㼛㼠㼕㼏㼑㼐㻌㼍㻌㼎㼡㼙㼜㼑㼞㻌㼟㼠㼕㼏㼗㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㻘㻌䇾㻺㼛㻌㻶㼑㼟㼡㼟㻘㻌㼚㼛㻌㼜㼑㼍㼏㼑㻚䇿㻌㻌
㻹㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼘㼍㼡㼓㼔㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼡㼓㼔㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼐㼕㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻺㼛㻌㻶㼑㼟㼡㼟㻘㻌㼚㼛㻌㼜㼑㼍㼏㼑㻫㻌㻌㼃㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㻳㼛㼐㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼛㻫㻌 㻌 㻻㼞㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼞㼛㼓㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼟㼛㼚㼑㼞㻌
㼐㼡㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻿㼜㼍㼚㼕㼟㼔㻌 㻵㼚㼝㼡㼕㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻫㻌 㻌 㻰㼑㼜㼑㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼣㼛㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼟㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌
㻵㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼕㼞㼏㼡㼙㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼟㼡㼞㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㻵㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻫㻌㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌
㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼕㼚㼏㼘㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌
㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻌 㼔㼍㼐㻌 㼔㼕㼐㼐㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼞㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌㼝㼡㼛㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻻㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㻵㻌
㼐㼕㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌㼔㼑㼍㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㼘㼥㻧㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼙㼥㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼎㼡㼙㼜㼑㼞㻌㼟㼠㼕㼏㼗㼑㼞㻌㼛㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼛㼣㼚㻚㻌
㼀㼛㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌
㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑䇻㼟㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞䇻㼟㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼠㻧㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼞㼛㼤㼕㼙㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼞㼛㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼡㼞㼐㼑㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼜㼍㼟㼠㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㻚㼑㻚㻘㻌
㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼓㼡㼍㼞㼍㼚㼠㼑㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌
㼏㼘㼛㼡㼐㼟㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㻵㼠㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼞㼍㼕㼚㻚䇿㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌
㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻌
46 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼐㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼛㼡㼎㼘㼑㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㼟㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼏㼗㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻧㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼡㼚㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼥㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㼏㼛㼙㼑㻧㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼕㼤㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼙㼕㼟㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼛㼛㼐㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㼟㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻚㻌㻌㻹㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼚㼠㼕㼠㼥㻌㼡㼚㼠㼛㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌
㻌
27㻌 㻌 㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼛㼞㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻦㻌 㻌 䇾㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼠㼑㼍㼘㻫䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼙㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼠㼑㼍㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㻵㻌㼜㼡㼘㼘㻌㼙㼥㻌㼣㼍㼘㼘㼑㼠㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼥㻌㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌㼜㼛㼏㼗㼑㼠㻘㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌
㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼚㼑㼥㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼒㼞㼛㼚㼠㻌㼜㼛㼏㼗㼑㼠㻚㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼑㼍㼘㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻼㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 䇾㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼚㼍㼘䇿㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼏㼑㼟㼟㼑㼟㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌㼡㼚㼟㼍㼠㼕㼟㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㼚㼍㼘㼛㼓㼛㼡㼟㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌
㻌
28㻌 㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻦㻌 㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼞㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌㼠㼑㼤㼠㼟㻌㼞㼑㼘㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼢㼕㼑㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㻘㻌㼡㼚㼕㼚㼠㼑㼘㼘㼕㼓㼕㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼐㼡㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼙㼎㼕㼓㼡㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼡㼠㼏㼛㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼢㼕㼐㼑㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼒㼡㼚㼐㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻙㼠㼛㻙㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌
㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼑㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌
㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼕㼠㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼕㼑㼡㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 47
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㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻧㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼣㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼔㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼡㼟㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻘㻌㼐㼡㼑㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻘㻌㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻚㻌㻌㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼎㼍㼟㼑㼐㻌㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼞㼞㼛㼚㼑㼛㼡㼟㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼒㼍㼟㼏㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㻌㼘㼛㼚㼓㼑㼞㻌㼒㼍㼟㼏㼕㼚㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼙㼕㼟㼡㼟㼑㼟㻚

29㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼟㼥㼏㼔㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼕㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌
㼓㼑㼟㼠㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼓㼛㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼒㼍㼞㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼘㼞㼑㼍㼐㼥㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼓㼑㼟㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻧㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼍㼟㻌
㼒㼍㼞㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼜㼟㼥㼏㼔㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻘㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㼘㼥㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼟㼔㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼏㼡㼘㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌
㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼛㼛㼐㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻘㻌
㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼒㼡㼘㼘㼥㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞䇻㼟㻌㼔㼑㼍㼐㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼓㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻫㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻼㼕㼞㼍㼔㽮㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㼑㻌㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㼟㻌㼛㼞㻌㼏㼛㼘㼛㼞㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼚㼛㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼔㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼥㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼟㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼘㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻚26㻌 㻌 㻭㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼙㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㻼㼕㼞㼍㼔㽮㻘㻌㼝㼡㼍㼘㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻧㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌㼎㼛㼞㼚㻌

26
Everett, Daniel. “Cultural Constraints on Grammar and Cognition in Pirahã,”
Current Anthropology, Volume 46, Number 4, August-October 2005. PNG Language
Resources. Summer Institute of Linguistics.
<http://www.pnglanguages.org/americas/brasil/PUBLCNS/ANTHRO/PHGrCult.pdf>.
48 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼗㼚㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼘㼛㼞㻫㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼕㼚㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌

㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼔㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼟㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼘㼛㼞㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼘㼛㼞㻌
㼎㼘㼕㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼓㼍㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼡㼞㼜㼞㼕㼟㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼡㼟㻌
㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼑㼐㻫㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼍㼙㻌 㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻿㼠㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㻼㼕㼚㼗㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼛㼘㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼛㼛㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌
㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼍㼒㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼡㼙㼑㻚㻌

30㻌㻌䇾㻯㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌㼟㼑㼙㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼟㻌䇵㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌䇵㻌
㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼛㻌㼛㼚㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼑㼎㼍㼠㼑㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻚䇿27㻌㻌㻵㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㻿㼠㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㻼㼕㼚㼗㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼙㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻼㼕㼚㼗㼑㼞㻌
㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼑㼜㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 䇾㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌
㼟㼑㼙㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼟䇿㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻍㻌㻌
㻹㼍㼞㼠㼕㼚㻌 㻴㼑㼕㼐㼑㼓㼓㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼕㼜㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻘28㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼓㼛㻌㼟㼛㻌㼒㼍㼞㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㻔㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼙㼍㼚㼚㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌㼛㼒㻌㼡㼟㻕㻚㻌㻌
䇾㻵㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼑㼜㼍㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌

27
Pinker, Steven. The Stuff of Thought. New York, NY: Viking Penguin. 2007.
Page 4.
28
Heidegger, Martin. Being and Time. Albany, NY: State University of New York
Press. 1996. Page 67.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 49
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㼔㼛㼣㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼐㼑㼎㼍㼠㼑㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻫㻌㻌
㻵㼒㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼡㼎㼕㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼢㼍㼕㼘㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼍㼟㼑㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼘㼍㼟㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻘㻌㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼐㻌㼚㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼘㼍㼟㼠㼑㼐㻌㼘㼛㼚㼓㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼘㼑㼐㼓㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼑㼠㼑㼞㼚㼍㼘㻌
㼒㼛㼞㼙㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼡㼚㼣㼕㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼘㼥㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼑㼍㼟㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㼘㼑㼐㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻸㼍㼏㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼍㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 䇾㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼙㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼟㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌
㼟㼑㼙㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㻌㼝㼡㼕㼎㼎㼘㼑㼟㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼟㼛㻌㼎㼥㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞䇻㼟㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼕㼠㼠㼑㼐㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻧㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌
㼙㼍㼜㼜㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼑㼞㼞㼕㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌
㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼞㻌㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻚㻌
㻌
31㻌 㻌 㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼜㼛㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻦㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼓㼞㼍㼚㼠㼑㼐㻫㻌㻌㻱㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻓㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼜㼞㼑㼏㼕㼟㼑㼘㼥㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼎㼞㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼟㼛㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼑㼟㻌
㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼡㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼡㼞㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼒㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㼐㻚㻌
㻌
32㻌 㻌 㻾㼛㼚㼍㼘㼐㻌 㻿㼡㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼢㼑㼟㼠㼕㼓㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼕㼠㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌
50 The Absurdity of Philosophy
㻌

㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌 㼎㼥㻚29㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌

㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼑㼢㼛㼘㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㻰㼑㼞㼞㼕㼐㼍㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㻚㻌㻌㻰㼛㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻰㼑㼞㼞㼕㼐㼍㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼘㼕㼏㼠㻫㻌㻌㻺㼛㻘㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼣㼛㻌
㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼡㼠㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼣㼛㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌㻻㼚㼑㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼐㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㻌㼐㼑㼍㼐㻙㼑㼚㼐㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㼒㼑㼞㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼘㼠㼑㼞㼚㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻚30
㻌
33 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㼡㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻘㻌 㼑㼜㼕㼟㼠㼑㼙㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼛㼤㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼏㼏㼡㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼛㼤㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼙㼕㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼙㼑㼞㼏㼕㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㼟㼏㼞㼡㼠㼕㼚㼥㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌㼜㼞㼑㼙㼕㼟㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼑㼚㼥㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼍㻌
㼚㼑㼓㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼢㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼞㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼙㼕㼟㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼡㼠㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻧㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌
㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼏㼕㼞㼏㼡㼙㼢㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻚31㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻫㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼑㼥㼛㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻫㻌㻌㻵㻌㼙㼍㼕㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 䇵㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌

29
Suter, Ronald. Interpreting Wittgenstein: A Cloud of Philosophy, A Drop of
Grammar. Philadelphia, PA: Temple university Press. 1989.
30
Staten, Henry. Wittgenstein and Derrida. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska
Press. 1984. This is the argument that Henry Staten put forward and Derrida called
“a big step forward in the field.”
31
Derrida, Jacques. Of Grammatology. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins
University Press. 1997.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 51
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㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻰㼑㼞㼞㼕㼐㼑㼍㼚㻌㼍㼜㼔㼛㼞㼕㼟㼙㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌䇾㼍㼘㼘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘䇿㻌㼥㼑㼠㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㼟㻚㻌
㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㼡㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼏㼔㼍㼚㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼟㼛㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼑㼥㼛㼚㼐㻙㼛㼡㼞㻙
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼍㼏㼗㼣㼍㼞㼐㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼞㼕㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼕㼞㼟㼠㻘㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻫㻌㻌
㻿㼑㼏㼛㼚㼐㼘㼥㻘㻌㼕㼒㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼞㼑㼢㼑㼍㼘㻌㼍㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻫㻌㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻫㻌 㻌 㻱㼠㼥㼙㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌 䇾㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚䇿㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㼀㼔㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼐㼑㼜㼑㼚㼐㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌
㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘䇿㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼥㼚㼠㼍㼏㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼠㼞㼕㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼡㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼕㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼕㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼢㼑㼞㼎㼟㻘㻌 㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼟㻘㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼑㼠㼏㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼙㼍㼚㼥㻘㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 䇺㼟㼠㼛㼜䇻㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌
㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㼟㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼘㼛㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼔㼍㼜㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼞㼕㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌
㼛㼚㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼘㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼡㼞㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㼟㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼑㼠㼏㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼘㼛㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻚㻌 㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 䇺㼟㼠㼛㼜㻘䇻㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼎㼑㼥㼛㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼟㼏㼞㼡㼠㼕㼚㼥㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㻵㻌
㼍㼙㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼕㼚㼏㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌
䇾㼟㼠㼛㼜䇿㻌㼛㼚㻌㼍㻌㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻻㼡㼞㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌䇾㼟㼠㼛㼜䇿㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼔㼛㼘㼘㼥㻌㼐㼑㼜㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻧㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌
52 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㻸㼑㼠㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻧㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌 㼦㼑㼞㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻫㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼍㻌㼙㼍㼠㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌㼥㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌
㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼍㼠㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌 㼦㼑㼞㼛㻌㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼞㼞㼑㼘㼑㼢㼍㼚㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㻌 㼒㼑㼣㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼟㻧㻌 㼍㻕㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 䇾㼦㼑㼞㼛䇿㻌 㼛㼞㻌 䇾㻜䇿㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼘㼍㼚㼗㻌 㼟㼜㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼎㼑㼑㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼎㻕㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼚㼡㼙㼑㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼟㼍㼥㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼑㼚㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻧㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼚㼍㼘㼛㼓㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼣㼛㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻧㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼜㼕㼠㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼎㼟㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌㼡㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 䇵㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼟㼑㼜㼍㼞㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻱㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼍㼎㼟㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼑㼟㼏㼍㼜㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌
㻺㼛㼣㻌㼘㼑㼠㻌㼡㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻦㻌㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌
㼔㼛㼣㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻫㻌㻌㼀㼞㼍㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌㼟㼛㼘㼑㼘㼥㻌㼛㼚㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌㼎㼍㼟㼕㼟㻌㻔㼕㻚㼑㻚㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼕㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼗㼑㼐㻕㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼢㼕㼑㼣㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼘㼑㼚㻌
㼛㼡㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㻌㼕㼚㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼏㼕㼞㼏㼘㼑㼟㻌㼐㼡㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼍㻌 㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌
䇾㼔㼑㼘㼘㼛䇿㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻫㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻘㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼕㼞㼏㼡㼙㼢㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼙㼙㼑㼐㼕㼍㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌
㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㻘㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼑㼘㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼠㼡㼞㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼥㼑㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㻘㻌 㼑㼠㼏㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼐㼟㻌 㼙㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 䇵㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 䇵㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼞㼛㼣㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼟㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼡㼜㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 53
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㼘㼛㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼞㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌
㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼍㼞㼞㼛㼣㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼍㼞㼞㼛㼣㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼛㼛㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌
㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼘㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌
㻵㼚㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼛㼛㼗㻘㻌 㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㻵㼚㼢㼑㼟㼠㼕㼓㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㻸㼡㼐㼣㼕㼓㻌
㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼛㼞㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㻌㼟㼡㼏㼏㼑㼟㼟㼒㼡㼘㻌㼑㼚㼐㼑㼍㼢㼛㼞㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼛㼛㼐㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼞㼥㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐䇻㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼑㼢㼛㼘㼢㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻿㼛㼛㼚㼑㼞㻌㼛㼞㻌㼘㼍㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼕㼐㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼠㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼡㼘㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼘㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼕㼚㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼘㼕㼚㼗㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼎㼛㼞㼚㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻻㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌
㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼎㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼑㼟㼠㼑㼞㼚㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㻼㼘㼍㼠㼛䇻㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼑㼓㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼢㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻼㼘㼍㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼟㼗㼟㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㼟㻌䇺㼏㼞㼛㼣㻘䇻㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼟㼛㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼏㼞㼛㼣㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼔㼑㻌㼛㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻵㼐㼑㼍㻌㼛㼒㻌㻯㼞㼛㼣㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼏㼞㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼏㼞㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼍㼟㼜㼕㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㻔㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼍㼘㼘㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌㼟㼛㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻕㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌
㼏㼞㼛㼣㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌䇺㼏㼞㼛㼣㻚䇻㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼘㼕㼑㼡㻌㼛㼒㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㻼㼘㼍㼠㼛䇻㼟㻌㼍㼟㼟㼑㼟㼟㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㼒㻌㼍㼟㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㻌㼟㼕㼘㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌
㼅㼑㼠㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼘㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㻼㼘㼍㼠㼛䇻㼟㻌
㼟㼡㼓㼓㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼍㼟㼠㻌㻞㻘㻟㻜㻜㻌㼥㼑㼍㼞㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼑㼥㼛㼚㼐㻙㼛㼡㼞㻙㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼙㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼛㼏㼕㼑㼠㼥㻌
54 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 䇵㻌
㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻚㻌
㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼘㼑㼠䇻㼟㻌㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼛㼘㼐㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻸㼑㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼢㼛㼘㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻦㻌 䇾㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌
㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌
㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼑㼥㼛㼚㼐㻙㼛㼡㼞㻙㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌
㻳㼛㼞㼓㼕㼍㼟䇻㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼢㼕㼐㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㼠㼟㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻦㻌㻌㻌
㻝㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻌
䇾㼃㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑䇻㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻶㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻚䇿㻌
㻞㻚㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻚㻌㻌㻌
䇾㻵㼒㻌㻵㻌㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㻵㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼕㼠㻫㻌㻌㻱㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼒㻌㼙㼥㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼙㼥㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼘㼑㼐㼓㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼥㻌㼜㼑㼞㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼟㼟㼡㼞㼑㼐㻚䇿㻌
㻟㻚 㻵㼒㻌㼕㼠㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㼐㻚32㻌
䇾㻴㼛㼣㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻫䇿㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼥㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㼑㼞㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼍㼕㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼒㼍㼕㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼑㼍㼟㼑㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼥㼛㼚㼐㻙㼛㼡㼞㻙㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻚㻌㻌㻮㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻘㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻘㻌㻵㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼥㼛㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌䇵㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㼞㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼕㼚㼢㼑㼟㼠㼕㼓㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌
㻵㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼥㼛㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㻵㻌

32
These three propositions summarize the thesis of Gorgias’s On Nature or the Non-
Existent, discussed by Sextus Empiricus in Against the Professors, and in various
other works of antiquity on rhetoric. The book itself has unfortunately been lost to
posterity.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 55
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㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼛㼡㼎㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㼙㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌

㼐㼛㼡㼎㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼑㼥㼛㼚㼐㻙㼛㼡㼞㻙㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼏㼍㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼘㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻧㻌 㻵㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌
㼍㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼑㼘㼟㼑㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼦㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼐㼍㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼛㼟㼠㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㻵㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼍㼏㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻚㻌㻌㻔㻵㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼍㼠㼕㼟㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼑㼟㼜㼍㼕㼞㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼛㼟㼠㻌㼍㻌㼘㼍㼞㼓㼑㻌㼜㼛㼞㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻚㻌㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌㼛㼒㼒㼑㼞㼟㻌㼟㼛㼘㼍㼏㼑㻌㼎㼥㻌
㼑㼙㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼎㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼑㼞㻦㻌㻌䇾㼀㼔㼑㻌㼍㼞㼞㼛㼣㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼟㻌
㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼘㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼔㼛㼏㼡㼟㻙㼜㼛㼏㼡㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼛㼡㼘㻚䇿㻕33㻌㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼟㼙㼕㼘㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼍㻌㼒㼍㼏㼑㻫㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼟㼙㼕㼘㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼍㻌
㼒㼞㼛㼣㼚㻫㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼟㼙㼕㼘㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼍㼙㼡㼟㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻫㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼟㼙㼕㼘㼑㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼏㼔㼑㼑㼟㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㻭㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼣㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌

34 㻵㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼜㼑㼠㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻼㼘㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌

㼏㼛㼜㼥㼏㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌
㻭㻌㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻌㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼟㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼓㼑㼟㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼚㻌㼛㼡㼠㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼑㼚㼟㼡㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻭㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌 㻙㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼟㼏㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌㼞㼑㼜㼑㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㻌㻙㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼘㼡㼏㼗㻘㻌㼟㼛㼛㼚㼑㼞㻌㼛㼞㻌㼘㼍㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻌䇾㼏㼍㼠㼏㼔㼑㼟㻌㼛㼚㻚䇿㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼕㼙㼕㼏㼞㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼕㼞㼑㼐㻌㼑㼒㼒㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼓㼛㼠㼠㼑㼚㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㼐㻌㼛㼞㻌㼏㼑㼍㼟㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌

33
Wittgenstein, Ludwig. Philosophical Investigations. Malden, MA: Blackwell
Publishing. 2001. §454.
56 The Absurdity of Philosophy
㻌

㼞㼑㼜㼑㼠㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻌 㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼜㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼓㼑㼟㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼏㼕㼞㼏㼡㼙㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼕㼙㼕㼏㼞㼥㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼜㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼠㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼠㼞㼕㼍㼘㼟㻌㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌㼡㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼕㼠㼡㼠㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼡㼚㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼞㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼞㼞㼛㼞㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼍㼟㼟㼛㼏㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌
㼕㼚㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼑㼠㼏㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼡㼞㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼓㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌
㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼑㼢㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼑㼢㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㻙㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌

35 㻸㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼠㼛㼛㼘㻚34㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼦㼑㻌
㼛㼚㼑㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼒㼍㼟㼔㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌 㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌
㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼡㼚㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻘㻌 㼑㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻫㻌㻌㻵㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼙㼥㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻫㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻫㻌㻌
㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌㼟㼜㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼏㼔㼛㼛㼘㻌㼠㼑㼞㼙㻌㼓㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㻭䇻㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼙㼥㻌
㼔㼛㼙㼑㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼑㼟㼠㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼑㼟㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌
㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼏㼘㼍㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻭㼘㼘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼍㼚㻌㻭㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌
㻵㻌 㼏㼔㼑㼏㼗㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼐㼑㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼞㼙㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼒㼘㼡㼚㼗㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼍㼜㼜㼞㼛㼍㼏㼔㻌㼙㼥㻌㼠㼑㼍㼏㼔㼑㼞㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼐㼑㻘㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌

34
“Think of the tools in a tool-box: there is a hammer, pliers, a saw, a screw-driver, a
rule, a glue-pot, glue, nails and screws. –The functions of words are as diverse as
the functions of these objects. (And in both cases there are similarities.)” Ibid. §11.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 57
㻌

㼟㼔㼞㼡㼓㼟㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼛㼒㼒㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㻵㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼙㼥㻌
㼠㼑㼍㼏㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻭㻌㻵㻌㼐㼑㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻘㻌
㼛㼞㻌䇾㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻘䇿㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻫㻌㻌㻌
㻵㼚㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼞㼠㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼙㼑㼐㼕㼡㼙㻘㻌 㼠㼍㼘㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌
㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㻌 㼓㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼟㻧㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌
㻮㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼡㼜㼔㼑㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼕㼢㼕㼐㼡㼍㼘㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼛㼓㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㻌 㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼟㼔㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼎㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼒㼘㼕㼏㼠㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼎㼞㼛㼗㼑㼚㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼠㼞㼕㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼕㼤㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼘㼞㼑㼍㼐㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌㼣㼑䇻㼐㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻘㻌䇾㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌㼙㼑㻌㼍㼚㻌㻭㻚䇿㻌㻌
㻮㼡㼠㻌㼣㼑䇻㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼞㼑㼟㼠㼞㼕㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼘㼞㼑㼍㼐㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻧㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑䇻㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼐㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌
㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼙㼥㻌㼠㼑㼍㼏㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼙㼑㻌㼍㼚㻌㻭㻚㻌
㻵㼚㻌 㼘㼛㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼠㼞㼍㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻘㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼛㼒㻌䇾㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟䇿㻌㼠㼛㻌㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼞㼕㼓㼕㼚㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼑㼏㼔㼍㼚㼕㼟㼙㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚35㻌 㻌 㻸㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼟㼟㼕㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼑㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼔㼛㼜㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼏㼍㼎㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼍㻌㼠㼛㼡㼞㼕㼟㼠㻌㼍㼠㼠㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌 㻼㼍㼞㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼓㼛㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻱㼕㼒㼒㼑㼘㻌㼀㼛㼣㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㼐㼛㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌

35
“In the practice of the use of language one party calls out the words, the other acts
on them. In instruction in the language the following process will occur: the learner
names the objects; that is, he utters the word when the teacher points to the stone. -
And there will be this still simpler exercise: the pupil repeats the words after the
teacher - both of these being processes resembling language… I will call these
games ‘language-games’ and will sometimes speak of a primitive language as a
language-game.” Ibid. §7.
58 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼛㻫㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㻱㼕㼒㼒㼑㼘㻌 㼀㼛㼣㼑㼞㻘䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼠㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㻲㼞㼑㼚㼏㼔㻘㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㻸㼍㻌㼀㼛㼡㼞㻌㻱㼕㼒㼒㼑㼘㻘䇿㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼟㼔㼍㼞㼑㼟㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻌㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㼟㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼍㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻚㻌㻌㻲㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㼙㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌
㻼㼍㼞㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼟㼏㼑㼚㼍㼞㼕㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼥㼜㼛㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㼀㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻱㼕㼒㼒㼑㼘㻌
㼀㼛㼣㼑㼞㻘䇿㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻱㼕㼒㼒㼑㼘㻌㼀㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼣㼛㼚䇻㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼛㻘㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌㼍㼠㻌㼞㼑㼏㼑㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼟㼟㼕㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌
㼟㼡㼏㼏㼑㼑㼐㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻔㼀㼔㼑㻌㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼛㼛㼐㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㼚㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼛㼛㼐㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻚㻕㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㻱㼕㼒㼒㼑㼘㻌㼀㼛㼣㼑㼞㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌㼍㼠㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼒㼍㼕㼘㼑㼐㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼒㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌㼥㼛㼡䇻㼘㼘㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼐㼞㼍㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻱㼕㼒㼒㼑㼘㻌㼀㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌㼛㼚㻌㼍㻌㼜㼕㼑㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼍㼜㼑㼞㻌㼛㼞㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼕㼞㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼓㼑㼞㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌
㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼠㼞㼥㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㻌㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌㼏㼔㼛㼛㼟㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻧㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼓㼛㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻱㼕㼒㼒㼑㼘㻌 㼀㼛㼣㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼍㼘㼗㻌
㼥㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼔㼍㼕㼘㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼏㼍㼎㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼓㼛㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌
㼞㼕㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼐㼞㼍㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻱㼕㼒㼒㼑㼘㻌 㼀㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼕㼞㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼒㼕㼚㼓㼑㼞㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼤㼠㻌
㼐㼍㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼎㻌 㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻧㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌
㼓㼑㼟㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻱㼕㼒㼒㼑㼘㻌㼀㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻚㻌㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 59
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㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼞㼑㼍㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼏㼑㼟㼟㻌
㼞㼍㼠㼑㼟㻧㻌 㼟㼛㼛㼚㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼘㼍㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼞㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼍㼒㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡䇻㼢㼑㻌
㼑㼟㼠㼍㼎㼘㼕㼟㼔㼑㼐㻌㼍㻌㼢㼛㼏㼍㼎㼡㼘㼍㼞㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼟㼔㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼓㼛㼍㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻱㼕㼒㼒㼑㼘㻌 㼀㼛㼣㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼏㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㼐㻌㼑㼤㼠㼑㼚㼟㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼑㼚㼠㼕㼞㼑㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼎㻌 㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼟㼕㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼛㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㻱㼕㼒㼒㼑㼘㻌㼀㼛㼣㼑㼞㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻌㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼐㼟㻚㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㻌㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼍㻌
㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼙㼍㼕㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻚㻌㻌㻔㻼㼘㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼘㼛㼠㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼛㼛㼘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼛㼛㼘㻙㼡㼟㼑㼞㻚㻕㻌
㻺㼛㼣㻌 㻵䇻㼐㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌
㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻚㻌㻌㻼㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼟㼍㼣㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼎㻌㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌
㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼟㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼡㼚㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻺㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌䇾㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻘䇿㻌㼍㼞㼕㼟㼑㼟㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼒㼕㼤㻌 㼎㼞㼛㼗㼑㼚㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼐㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻧㻌 㼕㻚㼑㻚㻘㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼎㻌
㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻱㼕㼒㼒㼑㼘㻌 㼀㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼑㼟㼠㼍㼎㼘㼕㼟㼔㼑㼐㻌㻔㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻘㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻕㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼑㼘㼟㼑㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼎㼥㻌㼑㼤㼏㼕㼠㼑㼐㼘㼥㻌㼞㼑㼜㼑㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼐㼞㼍㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻱㼕㼒㼒㼑㼘㻌㼀㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼕㼞㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼒㼕㼚㼓㼑㼞㼟㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼑㼤㼏㼕㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼛㼞㼕㼓㼕㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼞㼕㼓㼕㼚㼍㼘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼛㻚㻌
㻭㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼘㼘㼡㼟㼠㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼏㼑㼚㼍㼞㼕㼛㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼘㼍㼏㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌
㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼥㼑㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼟㼕㼏㼗㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼡㼞㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻘㻌
60 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼍㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼟㼠㻌㼟㼏㼑㼚㼍㼞㼕㼛㻘㻌㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻦㻌㻌㻵㻌㼟㼕㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼙㼕㼐㼐㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼑㼑㼠㻘㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌
㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼣㼛㼚䇻㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼓㼛㻌㼡㼜㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼍㼚㼐㼛㼙㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㻌㼙㼥㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼕㼞㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼏㼡㼞㼑㼐㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㻵㻌㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌
㼏㼡㼞㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼑䇻㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼞㼠㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼕㼏㼗㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼝㼡㼕㼏㼗㼘㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼛㼘㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㻚㻌㻌㻺㼛㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼙㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼍㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌
㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼞㼑㼍㼐㼥㻌 㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼍㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼥㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌
㼕㼒㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼥㻌㼢㼛㼏㼍㼎㼡㼘㼍㼞㼥㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼍㼘㻌㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼢㼍㼕㼘㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㻦㻌㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻭㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼚㼛㻌㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌㼕㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼘㼑㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼞㼑㼘㼕㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼡㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼑㼙㼎㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼍㼟㼠㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼕㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼙㼑㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼎㻌 㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼞㼑㼜㼞㼛㼐㼡㼏㼑㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼛㼐㼍㼥㻌㼠㼛㼙㼛㼞㼞㼛㼣㻫㻌㻌㻺㼛㼚㼑㻌㼍㼠㻌
㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼕㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼟㼏㼑㼚㼍㼞㼕㼛㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼞㼠㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌
㻵㼒㻌㻵㻌㼐㼕㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼛㻘㻌㼍㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼠㼞㼑㼑㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼙㻌 㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼓㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㻲㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼍㻌
㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻘㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㼘㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼡㼞㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻘䇿㻌㼛㼞㻘㻌䇾㻵㼒㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼓㼛㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㻌㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 61
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㼏㼡㼞㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻚䇿㻌㻌㻺㼛㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌䇺㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐䇻㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻧㻌㼕㼠㻌
㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼔㼛㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼘㼛㼕㼠㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼗㼑㼑㼜㻌㼕㼚㻌㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌
䇺㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐䇻㻌㼍㼟㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌
㼍㻌䇺㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐䇻㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌
㻿㼛㻌㻵㻌㼓㼛㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼑㼑㻌㼍㻌㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㻰㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻘㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼏㼡㼞㼑㻌㼙㼑㻚䇿㻌㻌㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌 㼗㼑㼑㼜㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼛㼞㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼙㼥㻌㼠㼑㼍㼏㼔㼑㼞㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼚㻌㻭㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌㻭㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌㻵㻌
㼐㼕㼐㻘㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼍㻌
㼏㼔㼑㼏㼗㼡㼜㻘㻌 㼟㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼡㼞㼍㼚㼏㼑㻧㻌 㼟㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㼟㻌㼙㼑㻘㻌䇾㻺㼛㻚䇿㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼟㼏㼑㼚㼍㼞㼕㼛㻘㻌㻵㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㻮㼡㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡䇻㼞㼑㻌㼍㻌㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻘㻌㼟㼛㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼍㼠㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼑㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻴㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼘㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼑㼟㼡㼘㼠㻌㼛㼒㻘㻌㼕㼒㻌㼥㼛㼡䇻㼘㼘㻌㼒㼛㼞㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌㼙㼥㻌㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻘㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼟㼡㼏㼏㼑㼟㼟㼒㼡㼘㼘㼥㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌㼙㼥㻌
㼠㼑㼍㼏㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼐㼑㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼑㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼟㼜㼛㼗㼑㼚㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 䇾㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻘䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼍㼘㼠㼑㼞㼚㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌䇾㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻚䇿㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼞㼑㼑㼠㻌㼣㼔㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼑㻘㻌
䇾㻵㼒㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼓㼛㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼡㼞㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻘䇿㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼞㼑㼜㼍㼕㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼞㼍㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻘㻌
㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 䇾㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐䇿㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼙㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌
㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼘㼕㼟㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼢㼕㼘㼘㼍㼓㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌
㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌
㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㻌
62 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼟㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼒㼑㼣㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼕㼢㼕㼐㼡㼍㼘㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼔㼕㼓㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌

㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻘㻌䇾㻵㼒㻌㻵㻌
㼓㼛㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼕㼢㼕㼐㼡㼍㼘㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼔㼕㼓㼔㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼑㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼢㼛㼏㼍㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㼞㼑㻌
㻵㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼛㼡㼠㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌
㼠㼛㼘㼐㻌㼙㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼙㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㼍㼢㼍㼕㼘㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㻵㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻘㻌 䇾㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼔㼕㼓㼔㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼑㻘䇿㻌 㻵㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼚㼛㼠㼕㼒㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼏㼞㼛㼟㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻧㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻘㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼡㼒㼍㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼘㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼍㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼏㼛㼙㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻰㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼞㼚㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼕㼚㼒㼘㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼛㼡㼠㼏㼛㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㻵㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼛㼞㻌㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻵㼒㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼡㼞㼑㻌㼙㼑㻘㻌㻵䇻㼙㻌㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼑㼣㻌 㼛㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼞㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻛㼜㼍㼠㼕㼑㼚㼠㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌㻵㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼐㼛㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼎㻌 㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 63
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㼏㼍㼘㼏㼡㼘㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㼟㻌㼍㼠㻌㼙㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼚㼛㼕㼟㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼟㼠㼕㼏㼗㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼍㼠㼕㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼔㼍㼞㼑㼐㻌㼡㼞㼓㼑㼚㼏㼥㻘㻌㼟㼛㻌
㻵㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼐㼕㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼕㼘㼘㼚㼑㼟㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻛㼜㼍㼠㼕㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼐㼢㼍㼚㼠㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼛㼏㼕㼑㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼒㼍㼟㼠㼑㼞㻌
㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼍㼞㼞㼥㻌㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌㼍㻌㼜㼞㼑㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌
㼕㼚㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼚㼕㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼛㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㻌㼓㼡㼍㼞㼍㼚㼠㼑㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㻌㼙㼍㼐㼑㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼛㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼎㻌 㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㼓㼡㼍㼞㼍㼚㼠㼑㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼏㼑㼟㼟㼒㼡㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻧㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼜㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻻㼡㼞㻌㼛㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌㼔㼑㼞㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㻌
㼍㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼟㼔㼛㼞㼠㻌㼜㼑㼞㼕㼛㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼑㼞㼏㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼡㼚㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼎㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼏㼛㼑㼞㼏㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼔㼥㼜㼛㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼑㼍㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼕㼢㼑㼞㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻛㼜㼍㼠㼕㼑㼚㼠㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻻㼒㻌㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌㼕㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼠㼔㼑㼞㼣㼕㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼕㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌
64 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼣㼍㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌㼔㼑㼞㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻛㼜㼍㼠㼕㼑㼚㼠㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌㼔㼑㼞㻌㼍㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼡㼞㼓㼑㼚㼏㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌
㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼙㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼑㼍㼠㻘㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼔㼥㼜㼛㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼛㻌㼏㼕㼞㼏㼡㼙㼢㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻘㻌㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻘㻌㻵㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼠㼔㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼔㼛㼘㼐㻌㼍㻌㼗㼚㼕㼒㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼍㼠㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㻵㻌
㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼠㼣㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼞㼙㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼎㼍㼏㼗㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌
㼜㼡㼠㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼡㼞㼓㼑㼚㼏㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻚㻌㻌
㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼟㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼡㼟㼑㼟㻫㻌㻌
㻭㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼗㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼕㼠㻌
㼑㼤㼠㼞㼑㼙㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌㼙㼑㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼟㼑㼠㻌㼍㻌㼜㼞㼑㼏㼑㼐㼑㼚㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㼟㻌㻵㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼢㼕㼟㼕㼠㻘㻌㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌
㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼠㼛㼘㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼕㼚㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼍㼚㼠㻌㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㼟㻌㻵㻌㼗㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌
㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㼟㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻻㼢㼑㼞㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㼟㻌 㼓㼡㼍㼞㼍㼚㼠㼑㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌
㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼠㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼡㼞㼑㻌㼙㼑㻘㻌㼘㼑㼠㻌㼍㼘㼛㼚㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㻌㼏㼡㼞㼑㼐㻧㻌㻵㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼡㼞㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼑㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼘㼘㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌㼑㼚㼟㼡㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼑㼐㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌㼎㼥㻌㼘㼕㼠㼑㼞㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼠㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼛㻌
㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻧㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼓㼡㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼛㼏㼠㼛㼞䇻㼟㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㻵㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼐㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼏㼑㼚㼍㼞㼕㼛㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼙㼥㻌
㼠㼑㼍㼏㼔㼑㼞㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㻵㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼣㼞㼕㼠㼑㻌㼍㼚㻌㻭㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻭㻘㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼚㼠㼕㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌㼍㼐㼑㼝㼡㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 65
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㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼕㼠㼑㼞㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻭㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻺㼛㻌㼞㼑㼜㼍㼕㼞㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼘㼐㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻘㻌㼚㼛㻌
㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼛㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㼟㼛㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼟㼕㼞㼑㼐㻌㼞㼑㼟㼡㼘㼠㻚㻌
㼀㼞㼕㼍㼘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼞㼞㼛㼞㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌
㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼑㼐㼕㼛㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㻙㼏㼛㼚㼟㼡㼙㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼔㼍㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼓㼡㼍㼞㼍㼚㼠㼑㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼡㼏㼏㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼑㼚㼑㼒㼕㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼑㼞㼏㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌㻌㻲㼛㼞㼏㼑㼐㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼍㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼑㼞㼏㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻘㻌
㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼑㼞㼏㼕㼢㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼚㼑㼒㼕㼠㼟㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㼑㼞㻌㼟㼡㼏㼏㼑㼟㼟㻌㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼏㼑㼟㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼍㼟㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻾㼑㼜㼍㼕㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼘㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼎㼥㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼕㼑㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼞㼛㼗㼑㼚㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼕㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼠㼛㼓㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼚㼑㼒㼕㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼑㼚㼑㼒㼕㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼏㼛㼑㼞㼏㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼎㼞㼛㼗㼑㼚㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼟㼍㼘㼢㼍㼓㼑㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌
㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼛㼞㼠㼔㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼍㼘㼢㼍㼓㼑㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼡㼟㼑㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼞㼑㼍㼐㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼟㼠㼑㼟㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼎㼠㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼜㼑㼞㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻚

36 㼃㼔㼕㼠㼠㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼙㼎㼕㼓㼡㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌䇵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼏㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼙㼎㼕㼓㼡㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼡㼎㼘㼕㼏㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㻌㼠㼛㻚㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㻵㻌㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼡㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌㼕㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌
66 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼙㼥㻌㼔㼑㼍㼐㻘㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㻵㻌㼟㼔㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼥㼛㼡㻫㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㻵㻌㼍㼟㼗㻌㼥㼛㼡㻘㻌䇾㻯㼍㼚㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻫䇿㻌 㻵䇻㼙㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼟㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼑㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼞㼢㼑㻌
㼕㼙㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㼟㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼖㼡㼞㼥㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌
㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼎㼑㼓㼟㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌
㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼓㼛㻌㼛㼚㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼘㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼥㻌
㼜㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻧㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼍㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㼍㼠㼑㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼏㼍㼞㼑㻘㻌㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌㼏㼍㼞㼑㻘㻌㼕㼒㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵䇻㼙㻌 㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼟㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼚㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㻸㼡㼐㼣㼕㼓㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻦㻌 㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼛㼎㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼜㼡㼎㼘㼕㼏㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㻔㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼑㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼍㼠㻕㻚36㻌
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37 㼀㼛㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼏㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼗㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㻌㼔㼕㼑㼞㼍㼞㼏㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻘㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌
㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼐㼛㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼍㼞㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼛㼣㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼖㼡㼐㼓㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌
㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼍㻌㼔㼕㼑㼞㼍㼞㼏㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌㼎㼍㼟㼑㼐㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌
㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼣㼛㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼏㼏㼡㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼑㼞㼍㼞㼏㼔㼥㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌

36
“If you say he sees a private picture before him, which he is describing, you have
still made an assumption about what he has before him… If you admit that you
haven’t any notion what kind of thing it might be that he has before him – then what
leads you into saying, in spite of that, that he has something before him? Isn’t it as if
I were to say of someone: ‘He has something. But I don’t know whether it is money,
or debts, or an empty till.’” Ibid. §294.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 67
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㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼚㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌

㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㼑㼐㻫㻌㻌㻻㼒㻌㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼕㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼛㼟㼠㼙㼛㼐㼑㼞㼚㻌 㼑㼞㼍㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼑㼚㼟㼡㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼔㼍㼘㼒㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌
㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌
㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼛㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㻧㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼎㼥㻌
㼘㼛㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼔㻌
㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌㻌㻻㼞㻌㼣㼑㻌㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㻌 㼎㼥㻌
㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼍㼢㼛㼞㼕㼠㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼔㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㼕㼠㼕㼟㼙㻚㻌 㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼛㼞㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼍㼟㼠㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼟㼟㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌
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38 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻫㻌 㻌 㻺㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼞㼔㼑㼠㼛㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼛㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㻌㼍㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㼍㼎㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼜㼑㼍㼠㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻚㻌㻌㻔㼀㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼏㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼙㼕㼙㼕㼏㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌
㼝㼡㼛㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻼㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼠㼕㼟㼒㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼡㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼢㼍㼞㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼞㼑㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌
㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌䇾㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼛㼣㼚㻚䇿㻕㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼑㼚㼐㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㻫㻌㻌㼃㼔㼥㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻫㻌㻌
68 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㻔㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼡㼚㼏㼛㼚㼟㼏㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻕㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻘㻌 㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼘㼕㼏㼕㼠㼘㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㼐㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌㼍㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼑㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼍㼟㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌 㼠㼛㼓㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻧㻌 㼍㻌
㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼍㼟㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼍㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼞㼛㼍㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌㼐㼑㼓㼞㼑㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼐㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌
㻌
39 㼃㼔㼕㼠㼠㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼙㼎㼕㼓㼡㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼎㼥㻌
㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌䇾㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠䇿㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌䇾㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚䇿㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼓㼛㼍㼘㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼞㼕㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼏㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼙㼥㼟㼠㼕㼏㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 䇾㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓䇿㻌 㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼛㻌㼝㼡㼛㼠㼑㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻦㻌㻌
㻌
䇾㻲㼞㼑㼓㼑㻌 㼞㼕㼐㼕㼏㼡㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼙㼍㼠㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼟㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼡㼚㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻿㼡㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼣㼕㼟㼔㼑㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌㼙㼍㼠㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼟㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼍㼟㼔㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼕㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼍㼜㼑㼞㻚㻚㻚㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼙㼍㼠㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌㼕㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼤㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼍㼟㼔㼑㼟㻘㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼎㼑㻌㼐㼑㼍㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼡㼠㼠㼑㼞㼘㼥㻌㼡㼚㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼑㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼕㼒㼑㻚䇿㻌37㻌
㻌
㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼣㼞㼕㼠㼑㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻫㻌㻌㻿㼡㼞㼑㼘㼥㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼗㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㻵㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼚㼗㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼙㼥㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻘㻌㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼍㼜㼑㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌
㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼟㼔㼍㼜㼑㻧㻌㼑㻚㼓㻚㻘㻌䇾㻯㼍㼚㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻫䇿㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌䇾㻴㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼍㼚㻚䇿㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌

37
Wittgenstein, Ludwig. The Blue and Brown Books. New York, NY: Harper
Torchbooks. 1965. Page 4.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 69
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㼣㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼛㼞㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼣㼍㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻫㻌㻌㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼍㻌㼏㼘㼛㼡㼐㼥㻌㼐㼍㼥㻧㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼞㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼡㼐㼥㻌 㼐㼍㼥㻌
㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼚㼑㼣㻘㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼣㼞㼕㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼐㼍㼥㻚㻌㻌
㻵㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㻔㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼕㼏㼕㼠㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼚㼑㼞㻕㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌
㼛㼚㼑㼟㼑㼘㼒㻧㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼛㼐㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘䇿㻌㼍㼟㻌㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻘㻌䇾㻵㻌㼓㼛㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚䇿㻌㻌㻺㼛㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼐㼛㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌
㻔㻻㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼐㼛㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㼟㻘䇿㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㼟㻚䇿㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌㼔㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼏㼑㼟㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌
㼙㼥㻌 㼎㼞㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㼟㻘䇿㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼥㼚㼛㼚㼥㼙㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼛㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㼟㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌
㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼗㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌䇺㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐䇻㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌䇺㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗䇻㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼑㼜㼑㼠㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌
㼡㼟㻚㻕㻌
㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻫㻌㻌
㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘38㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻘㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼡㼐㼥㻌 㼐㼍㼥㻌 䇵㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼡㼐㼥㻌 㼐㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼞㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻹㼥㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻦㻌 㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㼟㻌㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌䇾㻵㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘䇿㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌

38
"For a large class of cases - though not for all - in which we employ the word
‘meaning’ it can be defined thus: the meaning of a word is its use in the language"
Wittgenstein, Ludwig. Philosophical Investigations. Malden, MA: Blackwell
Publishing. 2001. §43.
70 The Absurdity of Philosophy
㻌

䇾㻵㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘䇿㻌㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼡㼟㼑㻚䇿㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌㼍㻌
㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 䇺㼡㼟㼑䇻㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 䇺㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠䇻㻌
㼟㼥㼚㼛㼚㼥㼙㼛㼡㼟㻚㻌㻌㻲㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌㼍㻌㼚㼛㼚㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼚㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㻵㻌 㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼠㻫㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼍㻌㼠㼛㼛㼘㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼕㼟㼡㼟㼑㻌㼍㻌㼠㼛㼛㼘㻌䇵㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼙㼕㼟㼡㼟㼑㻌㼍㻌㼡㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼕㼟㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 䇺㼡㼟㼑䇻㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼞㼑㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌䇺㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓䇻㻌㼑㼚㼠㼕㼞㼑㼘㼥㻘㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼟㼑㼑㼙㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼐㼐㼞㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼑㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼟㼡㼙㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼑㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 䇺㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠䇻㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼍㼞㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 䇾㼘㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻧䇿㻌 㼑㻚㼓㻚㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌
㼒㼛㼞㼙㻘㻌㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼡㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼥㻌㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 䇺㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠䇻㻌
㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼑㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㼟㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼎㼑㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼟㼑㼢㼑㼞㼍㼘㻌㼏㼛㼚㼚㼛㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼑㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㻵㻌㼑㼚㼖㼛㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼞㼍㼣㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼍㼠㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻲㼕㼞㼟㼠㻘㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼚㻌㼍㼟㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼕㼜㼔㼑㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼛㻌㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㻔䇺㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓䇻㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼥㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻕㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼣㼑䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼕㼐㼑㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼑㼚㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻾㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼛㼚㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌
㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼑㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼕㼐㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻔㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼔㼛㼣㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼥㻌㼕㼚㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼑㻌㼞㼑㼓㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㼟㻘㻌㼎㼥㻌㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼏㼑㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌
㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻚㻕㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌
㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 䇾㼒㼘㼛㼣䇿㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 71
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㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌

㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼠㼍㼓㼚㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㻴㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼘㼛㼣㻌㼛㼒㻘㻌䇾㻭㼘㼘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘䇿㻌㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼑㼘㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼑㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
䇾㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓䇿㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼟㼥㼚㼛㼚㼥㼙㼛㼡㼟㻚㻌
㻿㼑㼏㼛㼚㼐㼘㼥㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼕㼟㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼑㼚㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌
㼒㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 䇺㼜㼑㼞㼕㼜㼔㼑㼞㼍㼘䇻㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼟㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼑㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌
㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼛㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻌 㼘㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻚㻌
㻯㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼕㼞㼐㼘㼥㻘㻌㼍㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼥㻫㻌㻌㼃㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼍㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌㻔㼕㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼠㼍㼘㼗㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻕㻘㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻫㻌 㻌 㻭㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼕㼚㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻧㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼒㼘㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼙㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㻔㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑䇻㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼘㼛㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻚㻕㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌
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40 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼒㼘㼛㼣㻫㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㼐㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼒㼘㼛㼣㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻫㻌㻌㻌㻌㻵㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌㼍㻌㼎㼍㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼣㼚㻧㻌㻵㻌㼟㼑㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼞㼕㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼏㼠㻌
㼍㼏㼏㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㼘㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼍㼠㼏㼔㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌䇾㼒㼘㼛㼣䇿㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼎㼍㼘㼘㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼍㼠㼏㼔㻌㼕㼠㻌㻔㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼛㼞㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼘㼘㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼙㼑㻌㼠㼛㻕㻚㻌㻌㼀㼛㻌㼒㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼚㼍㼘㼛㼓㼥㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌
㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼙㼛㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌
72 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼍㼞㼙㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼡㼘㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌
㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㼟㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼕㼐㼐㼘㼑㻚
㻌
41㻌㻌䇾㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔䇿㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼠㼑㼞㼙㻘㻌㼍㻌㼚㼍㼙㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼍㼚㼚㼛㼡㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼍㻌
㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼝㼡㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼛㼚㼑㼚㼠㼟㻧㻌
㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼍㻌㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 䇾㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㻘䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㼘㼑㼘㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㻔㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㻵㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼕㼏㼕㼠㼘㼥㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼑㼐㻕㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼒㼍㼘㼟㼑㻚㻌

42 㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼜㼔㼑㼚㼛㼙㼑㼚㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌㼡㼜㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼟㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼍㼚㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻘㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌
㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼚㼛㼣㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌
㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼛㼞㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼐㼑㼜㼑㼚㼐㻌
㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻚㼑㻚㻘㻌 㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼘㼑㼟㼠㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼏㼛㼘㼘㼍㼜㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼑㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㻳㼛㼐䇻㼟㻌 㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼘㼘㼍㼜㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㼟㻘㻌 㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼐㼑㼐㼡㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻧㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌
㼕㼚㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼢㼑㼞㼠㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼚㼑㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼍㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼔㼛㼘㼐㻌㼛㼚㼠㼛㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㻔㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼑㼤㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼜㼜㼘㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼍㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㼟㻕㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 73
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㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼡㼠㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻧㻌 㼕㻚㼑㻚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼑㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌
㼞㼡㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼗㼑㼑㼜㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼐㼐㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼟㼡㼟㼠㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼕㼚㼓㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼏㼠㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌
㼕㼙㼜㼞㼛㼢㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼡㼚㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼢㼛㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻙
㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼟㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻫㻌 㻌 㻻㼞㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼍㼟㼕㼑㼞㻌
㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻦㻌 㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼣㼛㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼕㼚㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼢㼑㼞㼠㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㼟㻫㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼓㼑㼠㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼛㼘㼢㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼚㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼚㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼗㼑㼐㻌
㼠㼛㼓㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㼒㼡㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼢㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌䇾㼃㼔㼥㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼕㼠㻫㻌㻌㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌㼟㼛㻌㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻍䇿㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼘㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㻌 㼍㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼑㼙㼜㼔㼍㼟㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼛㼞㻌㼏㼔㼞㼛㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼍㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼙㼜㼔㼍㼟㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㻳㼛㼐㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼔㼑㼠㼛㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌
㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼒㼍㼘㼟㼑㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌㼜㼞㼑㼙㼕㼟㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼚㼑㼏㼠㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㼢㼕㼑㼣㻌
㼜㼘㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼏㼔㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼣㼛㻌 㼟㼕㼐㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼠㼍㼘㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼣㼛㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻍㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼙㼑㼑㼠㻌㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼕㼚㻌
74 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼑㼎㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌
㼠㼛㼓㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼕㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼐㼑㼏㼘㼍㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼢㼑㼞㼠㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻘㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㼎㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼑㻌㼏㼘㼛㼟㼡㼞㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㼟㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼍㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼑㼒㼑㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌 㻔㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼒㻕㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼕㼚㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼢㼑㼞㼠㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㻵䇻㼐㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌
㼞㼑㼙㼑㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼒㼡㼚㼐㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㼕㼟㼠㻌㻯㼔㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼍㼚㻚㻌
㻵㻌㼞㼑㼙㼑㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼣㼑㼚㼠㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼏㼔㼍㼠㻌㼞㼛㼛㼙㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㻯㼔㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼍㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌
㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼑㼢㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻴㼑㼞㼑㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼙㼥㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼑㼢㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻦㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼍㼘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼕㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼙㼛㼚㼗㼑㼥㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼐㼕㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼙㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼑㼢㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌
㼣㼑㼞㼑㻧㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼘㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼑㼢㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼑㼢㼛㼘㼢㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼍㽺㼢㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼏㼏㼡㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌㼟㼡㼞㼢㼑㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㻯㼔㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼍㼚㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼢㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㻌㼑㼚㼠㼑㼞㼟㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼍㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㻯㼔㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼍㼚㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼕㼢㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㻳㼛㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㻳㼛㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼚㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼕㼢㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼍㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌
㼡㼚㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼍㼣㼗㼣㼍㼞㼐㼘㼥㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼡㼓㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼜㼍㼏㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼎㼕㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㻌
㼑㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌㼠㼞㼕㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼍㻌㻳㼛㼐㻌㻔㼕㼚㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌 㻵㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻕㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌
㻸㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻍䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㻯㼔㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼍㼚㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㼟㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌 䇾㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌
㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼘㼛㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 75
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㼕㼚㻘㻌㼔㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼟㼜㼍㼏㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼎㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌㼠㼞㼕㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼘㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼘㼛㼚㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼍㼞㼙㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼡㼘㼒㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㻵㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻶㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻍䇿㻌㻌㻮㼛㼠㼔㻌㼟㼕㼐㼑㼟㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼞㼕㼑㼐㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌
㼚㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻘䇿㻌 㼛㼞㻘㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㻳㼛㼐㻚䇿㻌㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼍㼘㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌
㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼢㼍㼟㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼕㼐㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼒㼡㼚㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌㼔㼕㼠㻌㼙㼑㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼟㼟㼍㼥㻌㼎㼥㻌
㻰㻚㻌 㻳㼑㼚㼑㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼙㼑㼞39㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼙㼑㼞㻌 㼝㼡㼛㼠㼑㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻌㼛㼚㻌㼍㻌㼔㼥㼜㼛㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼍㼞㼍㼚㼛㼕㼍㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼝㼡㼛㼠㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼞㼕㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼢㼑㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼜㼞㼛㼒㼑㼟㼟㼛㼞㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼗㼕㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻚㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼒㼞㼕㼑㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼒㼑㼟㼟㼛㼞㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼐㼍㼥㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼞㼕㼑㼚㼐㻌㼞㼑㼜㼘㼕㼑㼟㻘㻌䇾㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼒㼑㼟㼟㼛㼞㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼒㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼗㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼑㼍㼟㼕㼘㼥㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼢㼑㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼜㼞㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌
㼥㼑㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼒㼑㼑㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼘㼑㼚㼐㻌㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼞㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌
㻵㼒㻌㼥㼛㼡䇻㼞㼑㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㻘㻌㻵㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡䇻㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻧㻌䇾㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㼟㻌 㻯㼔㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼀㻍䇿㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡䇻㼞㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼍㼟㻌㻵㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㻌㼛㼚㻘㻌
㻵㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌㼃㼕㼠㼙㼑㼞㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼝㼡㼛㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㻯㼔㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼍㼚㻌㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼛㼞㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼠㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼎㼑㼓㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼒㼞㼍㼕㼚㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌䇾㼀㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼡㼟㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌䇵㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼘㼡㼐㼑㼐㻌㼛㼚㼑㼟㻚䇿㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼞㼍㼟㼜㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌㼟㼕㼐㼑㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌

39
Witmer, D. Gene. “Atheism, Reason, and Morality: Responding to Some Popular
Christian Apologetics.” 2006. Gator Freethought.
<http://grove.ufl.edu/~aasa/witmer%20talk%201.pdf>.
76 The Absurdity of Philosophy
㻌

㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻫㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼞㼑㼒㼡㼠㼑㻌㼕㼠㻫㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼡㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼡㼎㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㼢㼕㼑㼣㻘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼞㼑㼒㼡㼠㼑㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼙㻚㻌㻌㻺㼛㼠㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼐㼑㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼛㼒㼒㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼍㼘㼞㼑㼍㼐㼥㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼛㼒㼒㼑㼞㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼥㼛㼡㻚㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼎㼞㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼒㼡㼘㼘㻌㼏㼕㼞㼏㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌
㼍㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼚㻌㼡㼚㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼐㼑㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼜㼛㼜㼟㻌㼡㼜㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㼢㼕㼑㼣㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼠㻌㼞㼕㼟㼗㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼞㼕㼟㼗㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㼢㼕㼑㼣㻚㻌㻌
㻯㼔㼍㼕㼙㻌 㻼㼑㼞㼑㼘㼙㼍㼚㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌
䇾㼃㼑㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㼓㼑㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼎㼥㻌㼘㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼕㼟㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌
㼍㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼢㼕㼑㼣㻚䇿 40㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 䇵㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼚㻍㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼎㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌
㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼍㼞㼓㼡㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼟㼐㼛㼙㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㻼㼑㼞㼑㼘㼙㼍㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻧㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻘㻌
㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼓㼑㼠㼟㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼚㼛㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻚㻌㻌㻌

40
“It is not enough for a man to speak or write; he must also be listened to or read. It
is no mean thing to have a person’s attention, to have a wide audience, to be
allowed to speak under certain circumstances, in certain gatherings, in certain
circles. We must not forget that by listening to someone we display a willingness to
eventually accept his point of view… Frivolous discussions that are lacking in
apparent interest are not always entirely unimportant, inasmuch as they contribute to
the smooth working of an indispensable social mechanism.” Perelman, Chaim, and
L. Olbrechts-Tyteca. The New Rhetoric: A Treatise on Argumentation. Notre Dame,
IN: University of Notre Dame Press. 1969. Page 17.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 77
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43 㻰㼛㼑㼟㻌㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻫㻌㻌䇾㻵㼠㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌
㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼏㼛㼠㼏㼔㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼎㼕㼚㼑㼠㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼣㼕㼒㼑㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㼟㻌㼙㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑䇻㼟㻌 㼟㼏㼛㼠㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼎㼕㼚㼑㼠㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌
㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼘㼗㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼛㼛㼞㻘㻌㼙㼥㻌㼣㼕㼒㼑㻌㼓㼞㼑㼑㼠㼟㻌㼙㼑㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌䇾㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼏㼛㼠㼏㼔㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼎㼕㼚㼑㼠㻚䇿㻌㻌㻵㻌
㼣㼍㼘㼗㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼎㼕㼚㼑㼠㻘㻌㼟㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㼘㼥㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼍㼠㻌㼔㼑㼞㻌㼢㼑㼞㼚㼍㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻘㻌㼛㼜㼑㼚㻌
㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼏㼛㼠㼏㼔㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼑㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼏㼛㼠㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼎㼕㼚㼑㼠㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼛㼐㼐㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻍㻌 㻌 㻴㼍㼐㻌
㼟㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼏㼛㼠㼏㼔㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼎㼕㼚㼑㼠㻘㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻘㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼏㼛㼠㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼎㼕㼚㼑㼠㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌
㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼑㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻿㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌䇾㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼏㼛㼠㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼎㼕㼚㼑㼠㻘䇿㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼑㼘㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌
䇺㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔䇻㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 䇺㼠㼞㼡㼑䇻㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼐㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻙㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㻌 㼢㼍㼞㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 䇺㼠㼞㼡㼘㼥㻚䇻㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌
㼟㼍㼥㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻘㻌䇾㻰㼛㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼞㼡㼘㼥㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻫䇿㻌㼛㼞㻘㻌䇾㻵㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻘㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼘㼥㻚㻚㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻴㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼐㼑㼘㼕㼎㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㼟㼟㼑㼞㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌
㻭㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼕㼟㻦㻌㻌䇾㻵㼠㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼙㼥㻌㼏㼍㼞㻌㼞㼡㼚㼟㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㻵㻌㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼕㼠㻚䇿㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼍㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼏㼍㼞㻌㼞㼡㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼥㻌㼏㼍㼞㻌㼞㼡㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼑㼟㼟㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻫㻌㻌㻰㼛㼑㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㻵㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼥㻌㼏㼍㼞㻌㼞㼡㼚㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌㼙㼥㻌㼏㼍㼞㻌㼞㼡㼚㼟䇿㻫㻌㻌㻾㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌
㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㻹㼥㻌㼏㼍㼞㻌㼞㼡㼚㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼥㻌㼏㼍㼞㻌㼞㼡㼚㼟㻚䇿㻌㻌㻺㼛㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌䇺㼕㼠䇻㻌㼕㼚㻘㻌䇾㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻚㻚㻚䇿㻌
㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼙㼥㻌㼞㼡㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼏㼍㼞㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌
㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼥㻌㼏㼍㼞㻌㼞㼡㼚㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼡㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼞㻌 㼞㼡㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼥㻌㼏㼍㼞㻌㼞㼡㼚㼟㻘䇿㻌㼕㼒㻌㻵㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼚㻌
78 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼏㼍㼞㻌 㼞㼡㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼍㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼞㼚㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼣㼕㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼙㼥㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼡㼚㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼐㼑㼘㼕㼎㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌
㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼢㼛㼕㼐㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼜㼍㼞㼗㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼙㼑㼙㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼎㼟㼑㼞㼢㼍㼚㼏㼑㼟㻘㻌 㻵䇻㼙㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㼟㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼢㼕㼚㼏㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼒㼘㼕㼏㼠㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼘㼕㼏㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻼㼕㼚㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼕㼏㼡㼘㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼓㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼐㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼘㼕㼏㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼏㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼛㼡㼠㼏㼛㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼏㼛㼠㼏㼔㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻦㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼙㼥㻌㼣㼕㼒㼑㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㼟㻌㼙㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼏㼛㼠㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼎㼕㼚㼑㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼓㼛㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼘㼕㼏㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼏㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼏㼛㼠㼏㼔㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼡㼠㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼏㼛㼠㼏㼔㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼟㼜㼍㼞㼗㼟㻌㼙㼥㻌㼕㼚㼝㼡㼕㼞㼥㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼣㼔㼥㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌㼠㼛㼘㼐㻌㼙㼑㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼣㼍㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼜㼑㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼎㼕㼚㼑㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㻵㻌
㼍㼟㼗㻌㼔㼑㼞㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼏㼛㼠㼏㼔㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼑㼑㻌
㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼒㼞㼛㼚㼠㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻘㻌㻵㻌㼕㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌㻌䇾㼀㼑㼘㼘㻌㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻍䇿㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼍㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻧㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼏㼘㼍㼞㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼔㼑㼞㻌㼍㼟㼟㼑㼞㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼓㼍㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌
㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼏㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼏㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼕㼚㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻘㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼡㼠㼏㼛㼙㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼕㼙㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㻌㼙㼥㻌 㼏㼍㼞㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌
㼙㼥㻌㼏㼍㼞㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㼟㻘㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼏㼘㼍㼞㼕㼠㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼥㻌㼏㼍㼞㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㼟㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼍㼟㼗㼑㼐㻌㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼙㼥㻌㼏㼍㼞㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㼟㻘㻌㻵㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌㼙㼥㻌㼏㼍㼞㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 79
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㼞㼡㼚㼟㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌 㼕㼒㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼐㼕㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼢㼑㻌㼙㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻚㻌

44 㻭㼚㼥㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼏㼑㼐㼑㼟㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌

㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼑㼠㼟㻌㼡㼜㻌㼍㻌㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㻔㼜㼞㼛㼢㼕㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼒㼕㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼚㼠㼕㼞㼑㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌㼟㼛㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻕㻘㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼍㻌
㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼠㼛㼐㼍㼥㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼐㼑㼟㼠㼞㼕㼍㼚㻘㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻙㼥㼑㼍㼞㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼟㼠㼡㼐㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㻌
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45㻌 㻌 䇾㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼟㼠㼑㼚㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌㼚㼍㼙㼑㼐㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼍㼙㼑㻚㻌 㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼘㼥㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㻌㼛㼟㼠㼑㼚㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 䇺㼠㼔㼕㼟䇻㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌
㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌䇺㼠㼔㼕㼟䇻㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㻌㼚㼍㼙㼑㻌
㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌㼛㼏㼏㼡㼜㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼏㼕㼟㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼙㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㻺䇿㻌 㻔㼛㼞㻌
䇾㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌 䇺㻺䇻䇿㻕㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻦㻌 㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌 䇺㼠㼔㼕㼟䇻㻘䇿㻌 㼛㼞㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌
䇺㼠㼔㼕㼟䇻䇿㻫䇿㻌41㻌
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41
Wittgenstein, Ludwig. Philosophical Investigations. Malden, MA: Blackwell
Publishing. 2001. §38.
80 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㻵㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻘㻌 䇾㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌

䇺㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㻫䇿㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼛㼏㼏㼡㼞㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼑㻘㻌㼔㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼍㼏㼗㼟㻌㼒㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼕㼚㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㻵㼚㼢㼑㼟㼠㼕㼓㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼟㼍㼕㼐㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼛㼞㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌 㼙㼕㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼑㼘㼟㼑㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼛㼟㼠㼑㼚㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼞㼑㼜㼑㼠㼕㼠㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼡㼎㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌㼙㼍㼚㼚㼑㼞㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼞㼕㼠㼕㼏㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼔㼛㼘㼐㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼐㼑㼚㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
䇺㼠㼔㼕㼟䇻㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌䇺㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌䇾㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼟䇿㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼠㼛㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㻮㼑㼞㼠㼞㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻾㼡㼟㼟㼑㼘㼘䇻㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌㼍㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼘㻌 㻔Ѧ㼤㻕㻔㻲㼤䊻㻳㼤㻕㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼑㻚㼓㻚㻌
㻲㼍䊻㻳㼍㻘㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌
㼍㼜㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌䇺㼤䇻㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼍㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㼔㼛㼘㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 䇺㼍㻚䇻㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼕㼏㼕㼠㼘㼥㻌
㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻦㻌 㻌 䇾㻚㻚㻚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 䇺㼠㼔㼕㼟䇻㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼍㼙㼑㻌
㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼛㼏㼏㼡㼜㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚䇿42㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻌 㻵㻌
㼞㼑㼕㼠㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼞㼕㼠㼕㼏㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌㻾㼡㼟㼟㼑㼘㼘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌䇺㼠㼔㼕㼟䇻㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌䇺㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㻌㼚㼛㼡㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㻾㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㻵㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼔㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼞㼕㼠㼕㼏㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼙㼜㼔㼍㼟㼕㼟㻌㻾㼡㼟㼟㼑㼘㼘㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻘㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌
㼒㼡㼚㼐㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㻾㼡㼟㼟㼑㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌
㼜㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼚㼓㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻾㼡㼟㼟㼑㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼟㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌
㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼐㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼞㼡㼏㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼟㼟㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌

42
Wittgenstein, Ludwig. Philosophical Investigations. Malden, MA: Blackwell
Publishing. 2001. §38.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 81
㻌

㼕㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼚㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼛㼙㼜㼍㼚㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌 㻾㼡㼟㼟㼑㼘㼘㻌
㼟㼑㼑㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 䇺㼠㼔㼕㼟䇻㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 䇺㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌 䇺㼠㼔㼕㼟䇻㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌䇺㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㻌㼐㼛㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻌㻔㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㼎㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌㼚㼛㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻫㻕㻧㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼡㼎㼘㼕㼏㻚㻌㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼍㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻧㻌㼕㼒㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼏㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼞㼕㼠㼕㼏㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㻾㼡㼟㼟㼑㼘㼘䇻㼟㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㻌㼚㼛㼡㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㻌

46 㻺㼛㼣㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼍㼡㼚㼏㼔㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼑㼟㼠㼑㼞㼚㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼟㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌
㼎㼍㼟㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼘㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼞㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻮㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼢㼍㼘㼕㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼑㼙㼕㼟㼑㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼙㼕㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼍㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼢㼍㼘㼕㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼔㼥㼜㼛㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌
㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼑㼙㼕㼟㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼛㼤㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼚㼠㼍㼕㼘㼙㼑㼚㼠㻦㻌
㻝㻕 㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻞㻕 㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼞㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌
㻟㻕 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼙㼕㼘㼘㼕㼛㼚㻌㼐㼛㼘㼘㼍㼞㼟㻌㻌
㼁㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻦㻌
㻝㻕 㻾㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻛㻹㻌
㻞㻕 㼪㻾㻌
82 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㻟㻕 㻾䌼㻹㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻧㻌㻭㼐㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㻠㻕 㻹㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻞㻘㻌㻟㻧㻌㻰㼕㼟㼖㼡㼚㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㻿㼥㼘㼘㼛㼓㼕㼟㼙㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼢㼍㼘㼕㼐㻘㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼥㼑㼠㻌
㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼙㼕㼟㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼛㼤㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼑㼚㼠㼍㼕㼘㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼛㼞㼚㻚㻌 㻌 䇾㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼜㼞㼑㼙㼕㼟㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻚䇿㻌㻌㼃㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼟㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻚㻌㻌㼁㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌䇾㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘䇿㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼜㼍㼠㼕㼛㼠㼑㼙㼜㼛㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼘㼕㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼟㼜㼍㼠㼕㼛㼠㼑㼙㼜㼛㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼘㼕㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌
䇾㼟㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼖㼡㼙㼜㼕㼚㼓䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼞㼑㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌
㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼎㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼐㼑㼚㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㼍㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻘㻌 㼟㼜㼍㼏㼑㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻻㼚㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㻌
㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼟㼜㼍㼠㼕㼛㼠㼑㼙㼜㼛㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼘㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼞㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼡㼙㼎㼞㼑㼘㼘㼍㻘㻌 㼥㼑㼠㻌 㼡㼙㼎㼞㼑㼘㼘㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌
㼞㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻲㼞㼛㼙㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼕㼒㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼟㼍㼕㼐㻘㻌䇾㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼞㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓䇿㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻘㻌
㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼥㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼠㼑㼙㼜㼛㼞㼍㼘㻌㼟㼘㼕㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌㼀㼛㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌㼞㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼘㼒㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼞㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼥㻘㻌㼚㼛㻌㼞㼍㼕㼚㼐㼞㼛㼜㼟㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼒㼍㼘㼘㼑㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼑㼤㼍㼏㼠㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼍㼞㼑㼍㻚㻌㻌㻻㼞㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼚㼠㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼑㼟㻦㻌㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌䇺㼕㼠䇻㻌㼕㼚㻘㻌䇾㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼞㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 䇺㼕㼠䇻㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㼍㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌
㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌䇾㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘䇿㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌䇾㻵㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼍㼕㼚㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼥㼙㼎㼛㼘㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻦㻌 䇺㻾䇻㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼛㼞㻌 䇺㻾㼤䇻㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 83
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㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼢㼍㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼠㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼃㼕㼘㼘㼍㼞㼐㻌

㼂㼍㼚㻌㻻㼞㼙㼍㼚㻌㻽㼡㼕㼚㼑䇻㼟㻌㼛㼚㼠㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼠㼥㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻚43㻌
䇾㻮㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼍㻌㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼍㼘㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼍㻌 㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻸㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼑㼍㼘㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻧㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼍㼘㻘㻌㼙㼍㼠㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㼐㼑㼑㼐㻘㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼍㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼣㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼎㼠㼍㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌㼑㼤㼍㼏㼠㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻚㻌㻌
㻻㼚㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼑䇻㼢㼑㻌㼍㼘㼞㼑㼍㼐㼥㻌㼟㼑㼑㼚㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼓㼑㼠㻌㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼟㻘㻌㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼟㼛㻌
㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㻚㻌㻌㻲㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻦㻌㼃㼑㻌
㼟㼥㼙㼎㼛㼘㼕㼦㼑㻌㻭㼙㼑㼞㼕㼏㼍䇻㼟㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌䇾㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼤㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼤㻌㼕㼟㻌㻭㼙㼑㼞㼕㼏㼍䇿㻦㻌㻌㻔䌗㼤㻕㻔㻭㼤㻕㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼟㼥㼙㼎㼛㼘㼕㼦㼑㻌㻶㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌
㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼟㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼤㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼤㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㻶㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑䇿㻦㻌㻌
㻔䌗㼤㻕㻔㻶㼤㻕㻚㻌㻌㻲㼛㼞㻌㼀㼛㼙㻌㻿㼍㼣㼥㼑㼞㻘㻌䇾㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼤㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼤㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼀㼛㼙㻌㻿㼍㼣㼥㼑㼞䇿㻦㻌㻌㻔䌗㼤㻕㻔㼀㼤㻕㻚㻌㻌㻾㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼏㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼛㼡㼚㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼕㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼐㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼎㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼞㼕㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻦㻌 㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻌 㼍㼙㼎㼕㼓㼡㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼘㼕㼜㼜㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼡㼚㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼡㼚㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼚㼛㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻌

43
“Uncritical semantics is the myth of a museum in which the exhibits are meanings
and the words are labels. To switch languages is to switch labels.” Quine, Willard
Van Orman. Ontological Relativity & Other Essays. New York, NY: Columbia
University Press. 1969. Page 27.
See also: “Two Dogmas of Empiricism,” From a Logical Point of View.
Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1980.
84 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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47 㻭㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼛㼤㻘㻌㼠㼣㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼘㼕㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼞㼑㼙㼕㼟㼑㼟㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼞㼕㼐㻌㼛㼒㻫㻌㻌㻱㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌
㼍㼏㼏㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌
㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼟㼟㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼐㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼑㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼕㼠㻌㼒㼍㼘㼘㼟㻌㼎㼥㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼛㼣㼚㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻚㻌
㻵㼒㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼣㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼣㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼛㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑㼟㻌 㻙㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼕㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼘㼐㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼙㼟㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼡㼟㻌
㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼚㼠㼑㼘㼘㼕㼓㼕㼎㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼘㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼞㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻝㻥㻟㻜䇻㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼞㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼑㼢㼑㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼕㼞㼟㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌
㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼑㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼡㼟㼠㼍㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼡㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼒㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼟㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㻷㼍㼞㼘㻌 㻼㼛㼜㼜㼑㼞㻘44㻌
㼣㼔㼛㻌㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼛㼟㼠㻙㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼠㻌㼙㼛㼢㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼟㼛㼘㼢㼑㼐㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼍㻌
㼒㼑㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼕㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼠㼑㼞㼙㼟㻚㻌㻌

44
Popper, Karl. The Logic of Scientific Discovery. London, UK: Routledge. 2000.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 85
㻌

㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼚㼥㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌
㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼚㼛㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼛㻌㼟㼛㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌 㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻫㻌㻌
㻮㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼍㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼣㼔㼥㻫㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼑㼤㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌
㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼑㼙㼜㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼕㼗㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼍㼟㼠㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻧㻌
㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼍㼟㼠㼑㻌 㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼞㼡㼚㻌㼍㼏㼞㼛㼟㼟㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌㼍㼟㻦㻌䇾㻵㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼞㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘䇿㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼞㼡㼚㻌㼍㼏㼞㼛㼟㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼛㼛㻌㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌㼙㼑㼞㼕㼠㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼕㼠㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼑㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼡㼙㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌
㼡㼟㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼖㼡㼐㼓㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼞㼛㼜㼞㼕㼍㼠㼑㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㻔㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼑㻘㻌 㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼟㼑㼞㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻕㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻚㼑㻚㻘㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼏㼞㼕㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼞㼛㼜㼞㼕㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻚45㻌㻌

45
Ronald Suter called this ‘criteriology’ in his Understanding Wittgenstein: A Cloud of
Philosophy, A Drop of Grammar (1989), and makes the argument, among others,
that this is a more proper understanding of Wittgenstein’s philosophy of psychology
and distinguishes Wittgenstein’s approach from the behaviorist approach.
86 The Absurdity of Philosophy
㻌

㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼙㼥㼟㼠㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼟㼛㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻚㻌
㻌㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㻔㼕㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻕㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼙㼎㼕㼓㼡㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼘㼡㼕㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼞㼕㼓㼕㼐㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼜㼑㼚㼏㼔㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼕㼓㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼍㼏㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼔㼍㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㼟㻌䇵㻌㼍㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻘㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼢㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼓㼛㼢㼑㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌
㼗㼕㼚㼓䇻㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼢㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼏㼔㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻘46㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼍㼟㼗㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼜㼑㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌㻼㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼍㼘㼛㼚㼓㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼒㼕㼚㼑㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼔㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼗㼑㼑㼜㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻦㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻚㻌㻌
㻺㼛㼣㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼓㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌
㼍㼜㼜㼞㼛㼍㼏㼔㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼛㼤㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼑㼚㼠㼍㼕㼘㼙㼑㼚㼠㻦㻌 㻌 䇾㻭㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌
㼟㼘㼕㼜㼜㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼓㼑㼠㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼟㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼞㼑㼔㼑㼚㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼙㼛㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌

46
“We had been picturing the rejection of the law of excluded middle, ‘p or ~p’, mainly
as a rejection of classical negation. I have now directed the intuitionist’s case rather
at the alteration. Actually the distinction is unreal; once you upset the interrelations
of the logical operators, you may be said to have revised any or all. Anyway, the
intuitionist’s negation is deviant also on its own account: the law of double negation
lapses… The intuitionist should not be viewed as controverting us as to the true laws
of certain fixed logical operations, namely, negation and alternation. He should be
viewed rather as opposing our negation and alternation as unscientific ideas, and
propounding certain other ideas, somewhat analogous, of his own.” Quine, Willard
Van Orman. Philosophy of Logic. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1986.
Page 87.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 87
㻌

㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼛㼜㼑㼚㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌

㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼍㼏㼗㼚㼛㼣㼘㼑㼐㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼠㼔㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼑㼠㻘㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌
㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼜㼍㼠㼔㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌
㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼛㼛㼘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼤㼑㼞㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌
㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼟㼍㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼙㼥㼟㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻘㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㻙
㼓㼕㼢㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌

48 㼀㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼕㼠㼟㻌㼚㼑㼓㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻘㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼟㼟㼑㼞㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌
㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼛㼞㼥㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌
㼍㼐㼙㼕㼠㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼚㼍㼓㼓㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼘㼑㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼛㼜㼜㼛㼚㼑㼚㼠㻌㼣㼕㼚㻫㻌㻌
㼃㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼍㼞㼏㼍㼟㼠㼕㼏㻫㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻫㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼍㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼐㼙㼕㼠㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼓㼓㼞㼍㼢㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼡㼎㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼟㼍㼞㼏㼍㼟㼠㼕㼏㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼍㼓㼓㼞㼍㼢㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼡㼎㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼍㼞㼏㼍㼟㼠㼕㼏㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼓㼓㼞㼍㼢㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼡㼎㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼍㼞㼏㼍㼟㼠㼕㼏㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻫㻌㻌
㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻘㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼛㼣㼚㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻺㼛㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼥㼑㼠㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼛㼚㼑䇻㼟㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼡㼠㼛㼘㼛㼓㼛㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼍㼤㼕㼛㼙㻧㻌 㼕㻚㼑㻚㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼓㼛㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻌
88 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㻴㼑㼞㼑䇻㼟㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㻵䇻㼙㻌㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㻌㼠㼞㼍㼙㼜㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼑㼑㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌
㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼑㼑㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼣㼔㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼓㼛㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻦㻌 㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㻔㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌㻙㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻘㻌㼚㼛㼚㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㼐㻕㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻘㻌㼟㼛㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼡㼟㼑㻌㼕㼠㻫㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌㼍㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼕㼠㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌
㼣㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼞㼛㼓㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼠㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㻚㻌
㻵㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼛㼤㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼚㼠㼍㼕㼘㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㻌㼍㼚㻌㼛㼐㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻸㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼐㼑㼍㼘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻧㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼐㼑㼍㼘㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼢㼍㼘㼕㼐㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼛㼚㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼐㼑㼐㼡㼏㼑㻌㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㼚㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼑㼤㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻙㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼟㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼑㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌
㼛㼏㼏㼡㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻙㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼟㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㻧㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼛㼛㼘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼛㼡㼎㼘㼑㻙㼏㼔㼑㼏㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼛㼒㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼑㼐㻌㼛㼞㻌㼞㼑㼖㼑㼏㼠㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻌

49 㼃㼑㻌㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼟㼥㼚㼠㼍㼏㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼛㼐㼐㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻚㻌 㻌 䇾㻰㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻫䇿㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼟㻌 㼟㼥㼚㼠㼍㼏㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼛㼐㼐㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌
㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼛㼚㼑㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼟㻘㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㼡㼘㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㼍㼐㻌㼔㼛㼏㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼑㼘㼜㼒㼡㼘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼡㼟㼑㼒㼡㼘㻌
㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼡㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼑㼙㼎㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼑㼑㼐㻌 䇾㼓㼛㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼅㼑㼠㻘㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 89
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㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼒㼕㼚㼓㼑㼞㼟㻌㼍㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼑㼙㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻫㻌㻌
㼃㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼒㼑㼟㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼍㼠㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌㻵㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼗㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼍㻕㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻫㻌 㻌 㼎㻕㻌
㻴㼛㼣㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻫㻌㻌㼏㻕㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼟㼛㻫㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼍㼐㼐㻘㻌㼐㻕㻌㼣㼔㼥㻌㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻫㻌
㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㼟㻘㻌 㼍㻌
㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㻵㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼒㼡㼚㼚㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼓㼛㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼓㼛㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼗㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌
㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼍㼣㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼥㻌 㼘㼍㼣㼟㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼡㼜㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㻔㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻕㻘㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌㼎㼑㻌㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙
㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼍㼣㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼛㼣㼚㻚㻌

50 㻸㼑㼠㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼚㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻦㻌 㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌

㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㻌㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼡㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻦㻌㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻳㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼒㼛㼞㼙㼡㼘㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼛㼎㼟㼑㼞㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼏㼛㼙㼎㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼒㼍㼘㼘㻌㼛㼡㼠㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼚㼛㼞㼙㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌䇾㼎㼞㼛㼗㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻚䇿㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼕㼠㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼐㼛㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌㼟㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻧㻌
㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼐㼕㼏㼠㼍㼠㼑㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㻚㻌㻌㻌
90 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㻌㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼣㼞㼕㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌 㼎㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼢㼍㼘㼕㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌

㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌 㼐㼑㼞㼕㼢㼑㼐㻌
㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻯㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌
㼡㼜㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㻔㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻕㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌
㼐㼑㼎㼍㼠㼑㼞㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼡㼐㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼍㼡㼐㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌
㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㼑㼐㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻧㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌㼕㼙㼙㼑㼐㼕㼍㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼘㼍㼞㼕㼒㼥㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼡㼐㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼍㼢㼛㼕㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼑㼔㼛㼛㼐㼟㻘㻌
㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼐㼛㼓㼙㼍㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻸㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻯㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌
㼎㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌㼢㼍㼘㼕㼐㼘㼥㻘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌㼍㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻾㼑㼙㼑㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼛㼤㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼚㼠㼍㼕㼘㼙㼑㼚㼠㻦㻌㻌䇾㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼞㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼙㼕㼘㼘㼕㼛㼚㻌㼐㼛㼘㼘㼍㼞㼟㻚䇿㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌
㼎㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㼠㼔㼑㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㻙㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼘㼍㼣㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼠㼞㼕㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼟㼑㼒㼡㼘㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼛㼤㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼑㼚㼠㼍㼕㼘㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼟㼔㻌
㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼢㼍㼘㼕㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻘㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㼘㼑㼐㼓㼑㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼕㼚㼠㼕㼙㼕㼐㼍㼠㼑㻌㼡㼟㻌㼛㼞㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼑㼘㻌㼡㼟㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼐㼛㻌㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼍㼐㼔㼑㼞㼑㻙㼠㼛㻙㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻙㼛㼞㻙㼐㼕㼑㻌㼜㼛㼟㼠㼡㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌
㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼣㼔㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼡㼚㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌㼠㼞㼑㼚㼐㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼣㼑㼞㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 91
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䇾㼎㼞㼛㼗㼑㼚䇿㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌㼍㼞㼕㼟㼑㼟㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼍㼟㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㼕㼚㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼛㼚㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌
㼎㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌
㻳㼛㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㼞㼎㼕㼠㼞㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌㼟㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌㼐㼑㼟㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼟㻚㻌㻌㻌

51 㻿㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻧㻌 㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㼕㼠㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌

㼔㼕㼑㼞㼍㼞㼏㼔㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻹㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㻴㼡㼙㼜㼠㼥㻌㻰㼡㼙㼜㼠㼥㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㻭㼘㼕㼏㼑㻦 㻌㻌
㻌
䇾㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘䇿㻌㻴㼡㼙㼜㼠㼥㻌㻰㼡㼙㼜㼠㼥㻌㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼍㻌㼟㼏㼛㼞㼚㼒㼡㼘㻌㼠㼛㼚㼑㻘㻌䇾㼕㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼏㼔㼛㼛㼟㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌䇵㻌
㼚㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㼞㻌㼘㼑㼟㼟㻚䇿㻌
䇾㼀㼔㼑㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻘䇿㻌㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌㻭㼘㼕㼏㼑㻘㻌䇾㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼟㼛㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻚䇿㻌
䇾㼀㼔㼑㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻘䇿㻌㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌㻴㼡㼙㼜㼠㼥㻌㻰㼡㼙㼜㼠㼥㻘㻌䇾㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼎㼑㻌㼙㼍㼟㼠㼑㼞㻌䇵㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻓㼟㻌㼍㼘㼘㻚䇿 47㻌

52 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼎㼍㼐㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻫㻌㻌㻔㻭㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌㼍㼘㼛㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌
㼕㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼎㼍㼐㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼑㼢㼑㼚㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼑㼐㻚㻕㻌 㻌 㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌
㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼕㼏㼡㼘㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻚㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌㻶㼛㼔㼚㻌㻹㼏㼃㼔㼛㼞㼠㼑㼞㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼟㻌㼛㼡㼠㻘㻌

47
Carroll, Lewis, with an introduction and notes by Martin Gardner. The Annotated
Alice. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company. 2000. Page 213.
92 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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䇾㼎㼍㼐㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞䇿㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㼞㼑㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼚㼑㼣㼏㼛㼙㼑㼞㼟㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚 48㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌㼜㼛㼏㼗㼑㼠㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼍㼘㼘㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼎㼍㼐㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻘㻌㼚㼑㼣㼏㼛㼙㼑㼞㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼙㼕㼘㼕㼍㼞㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼕㼞㼗㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼍㻌
㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼘㼕㼙㼕㼠㼑㼐㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼍㼐㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻚㻌㻌
㻻㼡㼠㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼓㼞㼛㼡㼜㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㼞㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼚㼑㼣㼏㼛㼙㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻘㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㼒㼡㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼍㼐㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼛㼎㼟㼑㼞㼢㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼍㼐㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼒㼘㼕㼏㼠㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼜㼛㼑㼠㼞㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼖㼛㼗㼑㼟㻘㻌
㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼞㼕㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼜㼛㼗㼑㼚㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻻㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻘㻌㼣㼞㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼑㼚㼐㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼞㼑㼏㼕㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌
㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼍㼞㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼏㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼞㼕㼢㼍㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼍㼐㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻳㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼏㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼍㼐㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻘㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼞㼑㼏㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌
㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻼㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌㼑㼍㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼞㼑㼔㼑㼚㼟㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼔㼑㼍㼞㻌㼎㼍㼐㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼜㼛㼗㼑㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼔㼍㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻔㼐㼡㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼡㼚㼒㼍㼙㼕㼘㼕㼍㼞㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼚㼟㻕㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼍㼐㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼍㼐㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼥㼛㼡䇻㼞㼑㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼞㼕㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌

48
McWhorter, John. Your Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Why We
Should, Like, Care. New York, NY: Gotham Books. 2003. Page 17. For anyone
interested in grammar and other peculiarities of language, I highly recommend
McWhorter’s Word on the Street: Debunking the Myth of "Pure" Standard English
and Language Myths, edited by Laurie Bauer and Peter Trudgill.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 93
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㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼎㼍㼐㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼑㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼞㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌

㻵㼚㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼞㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼡㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼑㼐㼕㼠㻘㻌
㼎㼍㼏㼗㼠㼞㼍㼏㼗㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼍㼘㼛㼚㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼥㼑㼍㼞㼟㻘㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼕㼠㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㻼㼍㼜㼑㼞㻌㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼤㼠㼞㼍㻌㼙㼑㼙㼛㼞㼥㻌㼎㼍㼚㼗㻚㻌㻌㻺㼛㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼜㼑㼑㼏㼔㻌㼐㼕㼟㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼟㻌㼟㼜㼑㼑㼏㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼏㼍㼜㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌
㻻㼞㼍㼘㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㼟㼠㼞㼕㼏㼠㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼙㼑㼙㼛㼞㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼍㼟㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼍㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼞㼐㻌㼗㼑㼑㼜㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼜㼛㼗㼑㼚㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼜㼕㼑㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼍㼜㼑㼞㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼞㼕㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻚㻌

53 㻺㼛㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼍㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌

㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻚㻌㻌㻔㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼙㼍㼠㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼕㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼙㼍㼠㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼕㼍㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻚㻕㻌 㻌 㻸㼑㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼞㼑㼙㼕㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼘㼘㼕㼓㼕㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼔㼕㼚㼓㼑㻌㼛㼚㻌
㼍㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼒㼍㼙㼕㼘㼕㼍㼞㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌
㻿㼛㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼣㼍㼥㻫㻌㻌㻼㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼘㼥㻌
㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼟㼛㻌
㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻝㻣㼠㼔㻌㼠㼛㻌㻝㻥㼠㼔㻌
㼏㼑㼚㼠㼡㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㻸㼍㼠㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㼘㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻳㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㻸㼍㼠㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼙㼛㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼐㼛㼡㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼓㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㻸㼍㼠㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼡㼎㼘㼑㻌
㼚㼑㼓㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼞㼕㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻚㻌㻌
㻻㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻘㻌㼐㼛㼡㼎㼘㼑㻌㼚㼑㼓㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼡㼟㼑㼒㼡㼘㻚㻌㻌㻭㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻘㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼑㼘㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㻾㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼢㼕㼚㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㻸㼍㼠㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼜㼑㼠㼡㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼡㼞㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼏㼍㼐㼑㼙㼕㼍㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㻸㼍㼠㼕㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼎㼍㼐㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌㼟㼛㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼕㼢㼛㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌
94 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼘㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼞㼑㼠㼍㼕㼚㼟㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼐㼡㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼠㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼡㼞㼢㼑㼥㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼕㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼜㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㻌 㼟㼕㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼍㼐㻌
㼜㼛㼜㼡㼘㼡㼙㻌㼕㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼘㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼘㼑㼠㻌㼍㼘㼛㼚㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼍㼘㼟㼑㻍㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌
㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌㼛㼞㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼍㼘㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌㻌㻔㻺㼛㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㼟㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼚㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌㼕㼚㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻘㻌㼜㼛㼟㼠㼐㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻕㻌

54 㻵㼚㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼕㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌

㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼛㻚㻌㻌㼀㼛㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌㼏㼘㼍㼕㼙㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌㼎㼥㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻿㼡㼏㼔㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻦㻌㻌㼣㼑㻌㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼐㼑㼞㼕㼢㼑㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼜㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼍㼜㼜㼞㼛㼤㼕㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼟㼠㼟㻦㻌 㻵㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌䇾㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㻚䇿㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㻌㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼑㼤㼍㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼘㼕㼙㼎㼑㼞㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼕㼞㼠㼥㻘㻌㼐㼕㼓㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼡㼐㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡䇻㼐㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌
㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㻘㻌㼟㼛㻌㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼟㼛㻌㼑㼍㼟㼥㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼞㼞㼛㼓㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻙㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼢㼑㻌
㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼚㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼑㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻚㻌
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55 㻸㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼚㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼟㼠㻌㼞㼑㼒㼡㼓㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 95
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㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㻸㼡㼐㼣㼕㼓㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼍㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㻚49 㻌㻵㼠㻌㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻦㻌㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼍㼙㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㻵㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㻌㻵㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼟㼍㼥㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼚㼍㼙㼑㻌㼡㼚㼠㼕㼘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼠㻌㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㻧㻌
㼑㻚㼓㻚㻘㻌 㼡㼚㼠㼕㼘㻌 㻵㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼘㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼍㻌
㼠㼑㼤㼠㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌㼑㼠㼏㻚㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼘㼛㼞㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼠㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㻵㻌
㼠㼍㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻫㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㼐㼛㻌㻵㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻘㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼐㼛㻌㻵㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌㼍㻌
㼒㼕㼚㼓㼑㼞㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼞㼞㼛㼣㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻫㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼑㼐㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼠㼕㼟㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻘㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼟㼛㻌㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻿㼕㼓㼚㼟㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼥㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌㼍㻌
㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌
㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻔㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㼕㼍㼚㻌 㼟㼏㼔㼛㼘㼍㼞㼟㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㻶㼍㼏㼝㼡㼑㼟㻌 㻰㼑㼞㼞㼕㼐㼍䇻㼟㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌
㻭㼜㼛㼞㼕㼍㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻚㻕㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻫㻌㻌㻮㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌
㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼑㼚㼢㼕㼞㼛㼚㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼛㼏㼕㼑㼠㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌
㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㼔㼛㼛㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼘㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌

49
“This was our paradox: no course of action could be determined by a rule, because
every course of action can be made out to accord with the rule. The answer was: if
everything can be made out to accord with the rule, then it can also be made out to
conflict with it. And so there would be neither accord nor conflict.” Wittgenstein,
Ludwig. Philosophical Investigations. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. 2001.
§201.
96 The Absurdity of Philosophy
㻌

㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼟㼠㻘㻌
㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼖㼑㼏㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㼞㼛㼕㼐㼟㻘㻌
㼠㼛㼠㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㼕㼟㼙㻌
㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼒㼡㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻚㻌㻌
㼁㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼠㼛㼛㼘㻌㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼛㼛㼘㻙㼡㼟㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻧㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌
㼟㼛㼘㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㼓㼑㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼟㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㻌
㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 䇵㻌 㼔㼍㼞㼐㼘㼥㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼑㻌
㼍㼘㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼟㼛㼘㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌㼚㼛㻌
㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼡㼒㼒㼕㼏㼕㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻫㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼐㼕㼟㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
䇾㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟䇿㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼑㼍㼐㻌㼡㼟㻌㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌㼠㼛㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼙㼜㼘㼕㼒㼥㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼒㼥㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㼕㼟㼠㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌㼜㼟㼥㼏㼔㼑㻚㻌
㻌
56 㻭㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼚㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻙㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼑㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㻌
㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻘㻌㼟㼥㼚㼠㼍㼏㼠㼕㼏㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼟㼥㼚㼠㼍㼤㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㻺㼛㼍㼙㻌 㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥50㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼞㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌

50
“To acquire language, a child must devise a hypothesis compatible with presented
data – he must select from the store of potential grammars a specific one that is
appropriate to the data available to him. It is logically possible that the data might be
sufficiently rich and the class of potential grammars sufficiently limited so that no
more that a single permitted grammar will be compatible with the available data at
the moment of successful language acquisition, in our idealized ‘instantaneous’
model. In this case, no evaluation procedure will be necessary as a part of linguistic
theory – that is, as an innate property of an organism or a device capable of
language acquisition.” Chomsky, Noam. Aspects of the Theory of Syntax.
Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. 1965. Pages 36-37.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 97
㻌
51
㻿㼠㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㻼㼕㼚㼗㼑㼞㻘 㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻾㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼒㼑㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌 㻔㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻕㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼜㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼜㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌
㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼜㼡㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼡㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌
y  ax  b 㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 x 㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼜㼡㼠㻘㻌 a 㻘㻌 b 㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌  㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌
x 㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 y 㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼜㼡㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼛㻌 㼑㼙㼜㼘㼛㼥㻌
㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 y 㻌 㼍㼟㻌 x 㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌 a 㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 b 㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 y n  y n 1  y n  2 㻘㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 y n  0 㻘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 y1  1 㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 y 2  1 㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌
㻲㼛㼞㻌 y 3 㻘㻌 y n 1  y n  2  1 1 㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 y 3  2 㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 y 4 㻘㻌
y n 1  y n  2  1 2 㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 y 4  3 㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼡㼘㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼟㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻲㼕㼎㼛㼚㼍㼏㼏㼕㻌㼟㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼧㻝㻘㻌㻝㻘㻌㻞㻘㻌㻟㻘㻌㻡㻘㻌
㻤㻘㻌 㻝㻟㻘㻌 㻞㻝㻚㻚㻚㼩㻚㻌 㻌 㻱㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼎㼠㼍㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼜㼜㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼡㼘㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼕㼒㼑㼟㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼒㼡㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻱㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼡㼘㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌
㼕㼚㼏㼍㼞㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌
㻵㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼡㼟㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㻌㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌㼍㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻘㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼤㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㻌 㼒㼘㼛㼏㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼓㼑㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼢㼑㼘㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼍㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼢㼍㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼐㼙㼍㼞㼗㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌
㼒㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼛㼡㼠㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼍㼏㼗㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼐㼙㼍㼞㼗㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼓㼑㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼐㼙㼍㼞㼗㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼐㼕㼐㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼠㼞㼕㼜㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌 㻙㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼢㼑㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼠㼔㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌

51
“Thinking of language as an instinct inverts the popular wisdom, especially as it has
been passed down in the canon of the humanities and social sciences. Language is
no more a cultural invention than is upright posture. It is not a manifestation of a
general capacity to use symbols: a three-year-old… is a grammatical genius, but is
quite incompetent at the visual arts, religious iconography, traffic signs, and the other
staples of the semiotics curriculum.” Pinker, Steven. The Language Instinct. New
York, NY: Harper Perennial Modern Classics. 2007. Page 5.
98 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼞㼕㼢㼑㼐㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼟㼠㻌㼘㼍㼚㼐㼙㼍㼞㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼖㼛㼡㼞㼚㼑㼥㻌㼟㼛㼡㼠㼔㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼠㼡㼞㼚㻌㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼓㼛㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼣㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌㼢㼍㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼜㼛㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼟㻘㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼘㼡㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼞㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼢㼑㼘㼟㻌㼒㼍㼟㼠㻘䇿㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼟㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌㼛㼒㻌䇾㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼘㼡㼑㻌㼏㼍㼞䇿㻌㼠㼛㻌
䇾㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼞㻌㼠㼞㼍㼢㼑㼘㼟㻌㼒㼍㼟㼠㻘䇿㻌㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼡㼘㼘㻌㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻭㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌
㼞㼡㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼘㼟㻌 㼒㼘㼍㼠㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌
㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㻌 㼐㼛㼡㼎㼠㻘㻌
㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼥㼚㼠㼍㼤㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼑㼘㼜㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼖㼛㼞㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼛㼏㼏㼡㼞㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼞㼓㼡㼍㼎㼘㼥㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼛㼏㼏㼡㼞㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼥㼣㼍㼥㻘52㻌
㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㼗㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚䇻㼟㻌
㼛㼏㼏㼡㼞㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼏㼏㼡㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌
㻲㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㼙㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼛㼏㼏㼡㼞㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼝㼡㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼕㼞㼙㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌
㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼚㼠㼕㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼍㼟㼗㻚㻌㻌㻔㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼘㼍㼠㼑㼞㻚㻕㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼚㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼙㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼑㼟㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻘㻌 㼐㼞㼍㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼍㼘㼛㼓㼥㻘㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌
㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼜㼡㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼕㼚㼜㼡㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌 㼡㼟㻌
㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼞㼕㼓㼕㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼕㼚㼜㼡㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌 㼡㼟㻌
㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌 ax  b 㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼜㼡㼠㻘㻌 y 㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌

52
Everett, Daniel. “Cultural Constraints on Grammar and Cognition in Pirahã,”
Current Anthropology, Volume 46, Number 4, August-October 2005. PNG Language
Resources. Summer Institute of Linguistics.
<http://www.pnglanguages.org/americas/brasil/PUBLCNS/ANTHRO/PHGrCult.pdf>.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 99
㻌

㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌㼡㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 a 㻘㻌 x 㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌 b 㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼎㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼑㼘㼘㻌㼡㼟㻘㻌㻼㼞㼛㼒㼑㼟㼟㼛㼞㻌

㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼐㼍㼠㼍㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼛㼙㼜㼍㼚㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼟㼥㼚㼠㼍㼤㻫㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻘㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼟㼑㼑㼐㻌㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑䇻㼢㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌
㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼎㼞㼍㼕㼚㼟㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㼑㼐㻘㻌㼘㼛㼚㼓㻌㼎㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌㼛㼒㻌㼡㼟㻌
㼎㼡㼞㼟㼠㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼙㼎㻫㻌㻌㻯㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼟㼍㼕㼐㻘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌㼡㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㻌䇾㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻙㼒㼞㼑㼑䇿㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌
㼕㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌
㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼣㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼞㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼐㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼑㼐㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼚㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼙㻚㻌㻌㻹㼛㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㼘㼥㻘㻌
㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼃㼕㼘㼘㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼂㼍㼚㻌
㻻㼞㼙㼍㼚㻌 㻽㼡㼕㼚㼑䇻㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼚㼠㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼒㼕㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼔㼛㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼒㼡㼘㼘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼒㼕㼞㼙㼑㼐㻧㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼢㼛㼕㼐㻌 㼘㼛㼟㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌
㼙㼍㼚㼚㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼑㼙㼜㼘㼛㼥㼕㼚㼓㻚53㻌 㻌 㻮㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼍㻌㼎㼍㼟㼕㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼍㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼍㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼛㼚㼠㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼠㼥㻌
㼑㼚㼐㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㻚㼑㻚㻘㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌
㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻫

53
Quine, Willard Van Orman. “Two Dogmas of Empiricism,” From a Logical Point of
View. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1980.
100 The Absurdity of Philosophy
㻌

57 㻿㼛㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼞㼡㼘㼑㻙㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻫㻌㻌
㻿㼔㼛㼞㼠㻌㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㻦㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻚54㻌
㻸㼛㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㻦㻌㻌㻵㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼓㼑㼠㼟㻌
㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼡㼘㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌
㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㼐㻌
㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼟㼕㼞㼑㼐㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼠㼛㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼙㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼟㼘㼍㼜㻌㼙㼥㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌㼏㼍㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼟㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼜㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼠㼛㼡㼏㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼞㼙㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼟㼘㼍㼜㼜㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㻵㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼛㼡㼏㼔㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼟㼏㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼡㼎㼏㼛㼚㼟㼏㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼍㼟㼟㼛㼏㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼛㼡㼏㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼙㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼟㼘㼍㼜㼜㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼡㼏㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼙㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼘㼍㼜㼜㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㻦㻌㻌䇾㻵㼒㻌㻵㻌㼠㼛㼡㼏㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼙㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼟㼘㼍㼜㼜㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼟㼘㼍㼜㼜㼑㼐㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼛㼡㼏㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼍㼞㼙㻚䇿㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㻼㼍㼢㼘㼛㼢䇻㼟㻌㼐㼛㼓㼟㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻦㻌㻌䇾㻵㼒㻌㼍㻌㼎㼑㼘㼘㻌㼞㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌㻵㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㻌
㼒㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼟㼍㼘㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼑㼍㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌㼕㼒㻌㻵㻌㼔㼑㼍㼞㻌㼍㻌
㼎㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌㻵㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼟㼍㼘㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻚䇿㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻼㼍㼢㼘㼛㼢䇻㼟㻌
㼐㼛㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼘㼘㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼡㼘㼠㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼛㼓㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼏㼑㼟㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌

54
“It can be seen that there is a misunderstanding here from the mere fact that in the
course of our argument we give one interpretation after another; as if each one
contented us at least for a moment, until we thought of yet another standing behind
it. What this shews [sic] is that there is a way of grasping a rule which is not an
interpretation, but which is exhibited in what we call ‘obeying the rule’ and ‘going
against it’ in actual cases.” Wittgenstein, Ludwig. Philosophical Investigations.
Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. 2001. §201.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 101
㻌

㼐㼕㼒㼒㼕㼏㼡㼘㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㻵㻌

㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚䇻㼟㻌㼍㼞㼙㻌䇵㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼟㼛㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼍㼠㻌
㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㻍㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㻵䇻㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼕㼠㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼡㼙㼙㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼏㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼍㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌
㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㻦㻌 㻌 㼐㼑㼚㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻌 㻙㻌 㼐㼑㼚㼥㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㻙㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌
㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌㼍㼣㼍㼥㻚

58㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㻿㼍㼡㼘㻌 㻷㼞㼕㼜㼗㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼡㼚㼐㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻚 55㻌 㻌 㻔㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㻰㼑㼞㼞㼕㼐㼍㻚㻕㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻷㼞㼕㼜㼗㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼢㼑㼍㼘㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼘㼘㼡㼙㼕㼚㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌
㼑㼟㼟㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼎㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼞㼛㼍㼏㼔㼑㼟㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼡㼘㼘㻌
㼑㼒㼒㼑㼏㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌㼣㼑㼚㼠㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌
㼙㼛㼚㼛㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼠㼑㼞㼑㼛㻘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼡㼘㼘㻌㼟㼡㼞㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㻚

55
“In my view, the real ‘private language argument’ is to be found in the sections
preceding §243. Indeed, in §202 the conclusion is already stated explicitly: ‘Hence it
is not possible to obey a rule ‘privately’: otherwise thinking one was obeying a rule
would be the same thing as obeying it.’ I do not think that Wittgenstein here thought
of himself as anticipating an argument he was to give in greater detail later. On the
contrary, the crucial considerations are all contained in the discussion leading up to
the conclusion stated in §202.” Kripke, Saul. Wittgenstein: On Rules and Private
Language. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1982. Page 3.
102 The Absurdity of Philosophy
㻌

59 㻸㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼙㻌 㼔㼍㼙㼙㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼍㼕㼘㻧㻌 㼍㻌

㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼦㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼍㼞㼙㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼙㻌 㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼦㼑㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼔㼍㼙㼙㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌
㻸㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼠㼑㼚㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼢㼍㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌
㻿㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻌㼚㼛㼣㻫㻌㻌㻺㼛㻚㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼙㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻚㻌 㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌
㼎㼛㼞㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼍㼞㼙㻌 㼜㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㻌 㼚㼑㼞㼢㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼕㼟㼟㼡㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼏㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼚㼑㼏㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼙㻌
㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌
㼜㼍㼟㼟㼑㼐㻌㼍㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻘㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼎㼛㼐㼥㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㼞㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼠㼍㼘㼗㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌㼎㼛㼞㼚㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻫㻌
㻌
60 㼃㼕㼘㼘㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼂㼍㼚㻌 㻻㼞㼙㼍㼚㻌 㻽㼡㼕㼚㼑䇻㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼣㼍㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼠㼠㼍㼏㼗㻌㼛㼚㻌㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥䇻㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼘㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌
㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼟㼥㼏㼔㼛㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌
㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼘㼟㻌 㼢㼕㼏㼠㼕㼙㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼎㼥㻌㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼎㼠㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌㻿㼍㼡㼘㻌㻷㼞㼕㼜㼗㼑㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼟㻌㼛㼡㼠㻘56㻌㻽㼡㼕㼚㼑䇻㼟㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼕㼟㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼥㼚㼛㼚㼥㼙㼛㼡㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㼕㼟㼙㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌䇾㼏㼞㼕㼠㼑㼞㼕㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥䇿㻌㼐㼕㼟㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻚57㻌㻌㻽㼡㼕㼚㼑㻌㼕㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌

56
Kripke, Saul. Wittgenstein: On Rules and Private Language. Cambridge, MA:
Harvard University Press. 1982. Pages 56-57.
57
Suter, Ronald. Interpreting Wittgenstein: A Cloud of Philosophy, A Drop of
Grammar. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press. 1989. Suter explains the
criteriologist position at length in order to show in just what ways Wittgenstein was
not a behaviorist.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 103
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㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼑㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼤㼕㼏㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌

㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼑㼢㼕㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼍㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼘㼑㼠㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻚㻌㻌㻔㼀㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌䇾㻚㻚㻚㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻚䇿㻌㻌㻵㼒㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㻵㻌㼙㼡㼠㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌䇾㻿㼛㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻚㻚㻚䇿㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼟㼍㼕㼐㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼑㼞㼙㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌
㻾㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼔㼑㼞㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌
㼐㼑㼙㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼐㻚㻕㻌 㻌 㻭㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼑㼚㼍㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼣㼛㼚㻌㼎㼥㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼛㼍㼘㻚㻌㻌㻔㻭㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌㼓㼛㼍㼘㼟㻚㻌㻌㻹㼥㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼟㼕㼙㼡㼘㼠㼍㼚㼑㼛㼡㼟㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼒㼕㼚㼕㼟㼔㼑㼐㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻚㻕㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻘㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌
㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌 㼣㼑䇻㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼓㼍㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼐㼛㻘㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌
㼠㼞㼥㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼕㼚㼕㼟㼔㼑㼐㻘㻌
㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼘㼕㼙㼕㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼑㼚㼍㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼢㼕㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼠㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻔㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼛㼞㻧㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㻌㼢㼕㼏㼠㼛㼞㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌㻙㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌
104 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼜㼘㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼏㼍㼠㼏㼔㻚㻕㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼠㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼞㼚㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼟㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼛㼞㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌㼓㼑㼠㼟㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼔㼑㼘㼜㻌㼙㼑㻌㼐㼑㼍㼘㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼙㼥㻌㼜㼍㼕㼚㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌
㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌 㼑㼠㼏㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼟㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌
㼎㼑㻌㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼥㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻫㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼚㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼕㼟㻌 䇵㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 䇵㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼚㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼠㼍㼞㼗㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼘㼕㼏㼠㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼘㼍㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼐㼡㼏㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼢㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼛㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼍㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼒㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼦㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼎㼥㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻚㻌
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61 㼀㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼕㼟㼙㻌㼑㼚㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻱㼍㼏㼔㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㼞㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼑㼢㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼎㼕㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼞㼔㼑㼠㼛㼞㼕㼏㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻦㻌㻌䇾㼃㼔㼥㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼢㼛㼏㼍㼘㻌㼏㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻫㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼥㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼏㼑㼚㼠㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼞㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼕㼒㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻫㻌㻌㻻㼡㼞㻌㼍㼚㼍㼠㼛㼙㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼐㻌㼟㼛㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼜㼞㼑㼜㼍㼞㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼏㼛㼕㼚㼏㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚䇿㻌㻌㻻㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼍㼚㼕㼙㼍㼘㼟㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼢㼛㼏㼍㼘㻌㼏㼛㼞㼐㼟㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼡㼠㼠㼑㼞㼍㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌䇾㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑䇿㻌
㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 䇾㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻫䇿㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼛㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 105
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㼣㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼡㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼢㼛㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼚㼕㼙㼍㼘㼟㻫㻌
㻻㼡㼞㻌 㼑㼘㼎㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼚㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼏㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼍㼞㼙㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼑㼘㼎㼛㼣㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌
㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼟㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼎㼑㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼑㼘㼎㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼑㼘㼎㼛㼣㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻫㻌㻌㻺㼛㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼘㼕㼒㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼑㼘㼎㼛㼣㼟㻌
㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼑㼑㼐㻌
㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼑㼘㼎㼛㼣㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 䇺㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻘䇻㻌
㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼡㼞㼢㼑㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼘㻌
㼐㼑㼏㼘㼍㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻱㼘㼎㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼕㼒㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼡㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼟㻌㼍㼣㼍㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼖㼍㼎㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼞㼕㼐㼕㼏㼡㼘㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼕㼙㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㻯㼍㼞㼠㼑㼟㼕㼍㼚㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼛㼡㼠㼐㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻦㻌 㻌 䇾㼃㼑㻌
㼣㼞㼕㼠㼑㻌㼛㼚㻌㼜㼍㼜㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼐㼞㼍㼣㻌㼛㼚㻌㼜㼍㼜㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻼㼍㼜㼑㼞㻌㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌
㻔㼙㼡㼏㼔㻕㻌㼕㼚㼗㻌㼛㼚㻌㼕㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼍㼜㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼜㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻌
㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼔㼛㼣㻌㼍㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼍㼜㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼕㼚㼗㻌㼜㼡㼠㻌㼛㼚㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌㼍㻌㼡㼟㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼍㼜㼑㼞㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼡㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼛㼞㼕㼓㼍㼙㼕㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼜㼍㼜㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼕㼞㼜㼘㼍㼚㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼒㼑㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼏㼘㼑㼍㼚㻙㼡㼜㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼎㼡㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㻌 㼑㼘㼎㼛㼣㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌
㼚㼛㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼑㼚㼏㼛㼐㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼜㼍㼜㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼑㼙㼑㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌㻔㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌㼚㼛㼠㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼜㼑㼐㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㼑㼞㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼍㼜㼑㼞㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼘㼎㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌
㼟㼥㼚㼛㼚㼥㼙㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼡㼟㼑㼟㻚㻕㻌
㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼥㼑㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻦㻌 㻌 㼎㼕㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼒㼘㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼣㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼟㼔㼍㼜㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼘㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌
106 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼣㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼞㼍㼓㼕㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻾㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼒㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼐㼛㼚㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㻌㼟㼑㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼕㼚㼓㼟㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼒㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌㼎㼡㼟㼕㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㻌㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼎㼕㼞㼐㻌㼜㼡㼟㼔㼑㼟㻌㼔㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㼒㼟㼜㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼑㼟㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼐㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㼚㼓㻌㼎㼕㼞㼐㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌㻱㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌㼎㼕㼞㼐㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼟㼠㼞㼕㼏㼔㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼣㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼘㼥㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㼙㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼕㼞㼐㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌
㼣㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼜㼑㼚㼓㼡㼕㼚㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼑㻌㼒㼛㼏㼡㼟㻌㼟㼛㼘㼑㼘㼥㻌
㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼎㼕㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼒㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼒㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼑㼟㼟㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼎㼕㼞㼐㼟䇻㻌㼟㼡㼞㼢㼕㼢㼍㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼘㼥㻘㻌
㼥㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼕㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼒㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼛㼞㻌
㼢㼍㼞㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼐㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼔㼍㼜㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻚㻌㻌㻸㼕㼗㼑㼣㼕㼟㼑㻘㻌㼥㼑㼟㻘㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼢㼛㼏㼍㼘㻌㼏㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼟㼔㼍㼜㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻧㻌㼥㼑㼟㻘㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼑㼟㼟㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼟㼡㼞㼢㼕㼢㼍㼘㻧㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼥㼑㼟㻘㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㻘㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼕㼚㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼙㼕㼚㼛㼞㻌 㼢㼍㼞㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㻙㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼐㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼟㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻘㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼛㼞㻌㼎㼍㼐㻘㻌㼘㼑㼍㼐㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼛㼙㼜㼍㼠㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼡㼞㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼢㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼚㼛㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼘㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼢㼛㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼎㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼒㼕㼟㼔㻌 㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼑㼐㻌
㼒㼕㼚㼟㻌㼟㼛㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼟㼣㼕㼙㻚㻌㻌㻼㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼑㼢㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼑㼞㻌 㼢㼍㼞㼕㼑㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼍㼚㼠㼔㼞㼛㼜㼛㼙㼛㼞㼜㼔㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻍㻌
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62 㻺㼛㼍㼙㻌㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥㻌㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼑㼐㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻙㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌
㼎㼍㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼍㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼣㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 107
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㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻙

㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻫㻌㻌㻻㼒㻌㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻙
㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻾㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼔㼑䇻㼟㻌 㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻯㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼕㼙㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼑㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㻌 㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌
㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼡㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼦㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼍㼟㼕㼑㼟㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻼㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼞㼟㻌
㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌
㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼍㼐㼙㼕㼠㻌㼔㼑䇻㼟㻌㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼐㼑㼓㼞㼑㼑㻘㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼍㼐㼙㼕㼠㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼒㼘㼍㼣㻘㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼒㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌㼡㼚㼍㼢㼛㼕㼐㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼜㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼕㼙㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻘㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼐㼑㼏㼘㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼢㼍㼘㼕㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻘㻌 㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼘㼘㼑㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌
㼞㼔㼑㼠㼛㼞㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼟㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻯㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻙㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻫㻌㻌㻸㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼚㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼙㻫㻌㻌㻹㼥㻌㼐㼑㼍㼞㻌㻺㼛㼍㼙㻘㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼡㼏㼗㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼝㼡㼍㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌
㼛㼡㼠㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼙㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼍㼐㼛㼞㼑㻌㼟㼛㻌㼙㼡㼏㼔㻚㻌
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63㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌
㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼟㼠㼡㼐㼕㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㻘㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼙㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼡㼐㼥㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼛㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼍㼟㼟㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼠㼛㼛㼘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼕㼠㻓㼟㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌
㼎㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼏㼔㼑㼟㼟㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㻮㼞㼡㼏㼑㻌㻼㼍㼚㼐㼛㼘㼒㼕㼚㼕㻌
㼛㼞㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㻯㼍㼞㼘㻘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼚㼑㼤㼠㻙㼐㼛㼛㼞㻌 㼚㼑㼕㼓㼔㼎㼛㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼍㼞㼗㼑㼐㻌
㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻓㼘㼘㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻧㻌 㻯㼍㼞㼘㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼑㼍㼟㼕㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌
108 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㻮㼞㼡㼏㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼓㼍㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻮㼞㼡㼏㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌
㼒㼍㼟㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼠㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼏㼔㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㻓㼙㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼣㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥㻌
㼍㼜㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌㼕㼟㻚㻌㻌㻌

64㻌㻌㻱㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼒㻌㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻘㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌
㼚㼛㼚㻙㼛㼞㼓㼍㼚㼕㼏㻘㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼠㼞㼍㼏㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻓㼟㻌
㼓㼑㼚㼑㼠㼕㼏㻫㻌㻌㻺㼛㼍㼙㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼓㼛㼚㼑㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼎㼍㼏㼗㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌䇵㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌
㼎㼘㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻓㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼟㼡㼎㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼍㼕㼘㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼏㼔㼕㼑㼢㼑㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌
㼍㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㻌㼎㼥㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼕㼠㼥㻧㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼎㼥㻌
㼍㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼔㼛㼣㻌㼑㼟㼟㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼍㼠㼍㻚㻌
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65㻌㻌㻾㼛㼎㼑㼞㼠㻌㻹㼍㼞㼠㼕㼚㻌㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㼟㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼎㼥㻌
㼍㼟㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼠㼑㼍㼏㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼍㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼑㼍㼏㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌
㼠㼑㼍㼏㼔㼑㼞㻫㻌㻌㻌
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䇾㼃㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌
㼜㼘㼍㼡㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼢㼕㼑㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌 㼍㼘㼞㼑㼍㼐㼥㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻌 㼑㼢㼛㼘㼢㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻯㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌
㼕㼚㼢㼑㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻫㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 109
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㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼍㼞㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼍㼘㼞㼑㼍㼐㼥㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚䇿㻌58㻌
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㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼓㼛㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌
㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻘㻌 㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼡㼟㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼟㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌㻌㻻㼡㼞㻌㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼏㼛㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼎㼠㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼛㼡㼠㼏㼛㼙㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼢㼍㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼓㼞㼑㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼕㼜㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㼔㼛㼛㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼕㼜㼡㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼕㼜㼡㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼏㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼏㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼛㼛㼞㻌 㼔㼥㼜㼛㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼛㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌
䇾㼕㼚㼢㼑㼚㼠䇿㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼡㼘㼘㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼔㼑㼠㼛㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼞㼕㼏㼗㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼔㼥㼜㼛㼠㼔㼑㼟㼕㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼡㼘㼠㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌
㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼛㼎㼠㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼓㼍㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌
㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼎㼘㼍㼚㼗㻙㼟㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼑㼤㼏㼑㼜㼠㻌 㼍㻌
㼒㼍㼘㼟㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼣㼛㼞㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼔㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼢㼍㼘㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌
㻴㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼍㼠㼛㼙㼥㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼙㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼐㼘㼥㻌 㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻘㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌㼑㼢㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼙㼕㼘㼑㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌

58
Martin, Robert M. The Meaning of Language. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
1987. Page 29.
110 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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66㻌㻌㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌㻵䇻㼙㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼐㼑㼓㼞㼑㼑㻚㻌㻌㻾㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵䇻㼙㻌㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼠㼕㼏㻚㻌 㻌 㻱㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼟㼠㻌
㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼕㼞㼏㼡㼙㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㻘㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌
㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥䇻㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻼㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌
㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼣㼑䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼟㼑㼠㻌 㼡㼜㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼚㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼛㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼓㼞㼑㼟㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼐㼡㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼣㼑㼚㼠㼕㼑㼠㼔㻌 㼏㼑㼚㼠㼡㼞㼥㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼠㼕㼏㻘㻌 㼘㼑㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌㼎㼕㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼠㼕㼏㻚㻌
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67㻌㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼒㼡㼚㼚㼥㻌㻙㻌㻵㻌㼘㼕㼠㼑㼞㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼘㼍㼡㼓㼔㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㻙㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌
㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼏㼕㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼠㼑㼚㻙㼥㼑㼍㼞㻌㼛㼘㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌
㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼍㼒㼒㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼛㼏㼏㼡㼞㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 䇾㻵㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼙㼍㼦㼕㼚㼓㻫㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼠㼑㼚㻍䇿㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼑㼚㻙㼥㼑㼍㼞㻌㼛㼘㼐㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌
㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥䇻㼐㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㻾㼡㼎㼕㼤㻌 㻯㼡㼎㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻔㻻㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼑㼣㻌 㼐㼛㻌
㼒㼕㼓㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻾㼡㼎㼕㼤㻌 㻯㼡㼎㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻚㻕㻌㻌
㻰㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼙㼑㻌㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻧㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑䇻㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼑㼜㼕㼜㼔㼍㼚㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼞㼍㼏㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻦㻌 㻌 䇾㻻㼔㻘㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼍㼙㼍㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼛㻌
㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥䇻㼞㼑㻌 㼓㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼛㻌
㼎㼕㼓㻘㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻍㻌 㻌 㻳㼞㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼣㼑㼑㼐㼟㻍䇿㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌
㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼛㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㼞㼑㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼕㼟㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼡㼞㼜㼞㼕㼟㼑㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼙㼍㼦㼕㼚㼓㻦㻌 㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼟㼛㻌㼝㼡㼕㼏㼗㼘㼥㻌㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻫㻌㻌
㻾㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㼚㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 䇾㼍㼙㼍㼦㼕㼚㼓䇿㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼝㼡㼕㼏㼗㼘㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻚㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 111
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68㻌㻌㻿㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼐㼛㻌㼗㼕㼐㼟㻌㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㼟䇻㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻫㻌㻌
㻵㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼐㼕㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼠㻌 㼡㼚㼠㼕㼘㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼟㼏㼔㼛㼛㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㼟䇻㻌 㼐㼞㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌
㼒㼑㼣㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㼞㼑㼚㻌 㼜㼕㼏㼗㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼛㼚㻌
㼕㼚㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼏㼕㼑㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㻵㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌
㼓㼛㻌㼍㼟㻌㼒㼍㼞㻌㼍㼟㻌㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㼞㼑㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼑㼞㼑䇻㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼣㼞㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㻥㻌
㼥㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌 㼛㼘㼐㻘㻌 㼣㼞㼕㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㻞㻢㻌 㻿㼑㼜㼠㼑㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌 㻝㻥㻥㻞㻦㻌 㻌 䇾㻹㼥㻌 㼚㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㻶㼑㼒㼒㼞㼑㼥㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼥㻌㻲㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌㼐㼍㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㻟㼞㼐㻌㼓㼞㼍㼐㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻍㻌㻌㻵㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼍㼡㼚㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼙㻌 㼟㼍㼣㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼔㼍㼞㼗㻍㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼀㼞㼑㼣㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻍䇿㻌㻌
㻺㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼍㼞㼢㼑㼘㼛㼡㼟㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻚㻌

69 㻴㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㻵㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻫㻌㻌

㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻘䇿㻌 㻵䇻㼙㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌
㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻘䇿59㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㻵㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻫㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㻵㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻫㻌 㻌 㻵䇻㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㻶㼍㼏㼝㼡㼑㼟㻌 㻰㼑㼞㼞㼕㼐㼍䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㼡㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㻌㼎㼛㼡㼚㼐㼍㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼕㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌
㼐㼛㻌㻵㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼑㼞㻌㻔㼕㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼓㼞㼍㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻕㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌

59
Wittgenstein, Ludwig. Philosophical Investigations. Malden, MA: Blackwell
Publishing. 2001. §303.
112 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼏㼡㼘㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼑㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼙㼕㼠㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌
㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㼟㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌㼍㼟㻌㼛㼚㼛㼙㼍㼠㼛㼜㼛㼑㼕㼍㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼘㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼑㼞㼟㻌㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼑㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌
㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㻵㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻫㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼛㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㻵㻌㼙㼑㼑㼠㻌㼍㻌㼒㼑㼞㼍㼘㻌㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻘㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㼟㻌 㻳㼑㼚㼕㼑㻌㻔㻿㼡㼟㼍㼚㻌
㼃㼕㼘㼑㼥㻕㻘㻌㼣㼔㼛㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌㼚㼛㻌㼒㼍㼕㼞㻌㼓㼞㼍㼟㼜㻌㼛㼚㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌㼡㼠㼠㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌㼍㻌
㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㻚㻌㻌㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼑㼞㼍㼘㻘㻌㻵㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼒㼛㼞㼑㼕㼓㼚㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻵䇻㼐㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㻌㼍㻌㼚㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼑㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻧㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻚㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌
㻌
70㻌 㻌 㻸㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻌 㼑㼢㼛㼘㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻱㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼐㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼛㼞㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻫㻌㻌㼃㼔㼥㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌
㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼠㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼙㼍㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼕㼚㼏㼞㼑㼐㼕㼎㼘㼥㻌㼡㼚㼘㼕㼗㼑㼘㼥㻫㻌㻌㼃㼔㼥㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼟㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑㻘㻌㼍㻌㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼞㼞㼑㼐㼡㼏㼕㼎㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼤㻘㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼚㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼘㼘㼕㼓㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼕㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼎㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼒㼘㼍㼓㼑㼘㼘㼍㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㼐㼑㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼓㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼚㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼙㻌
㼕㼚㼏㼞㼑㼍㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼍㼘㼛㼓㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼘㼘㼕㼓㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㻫㻌㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 113
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71㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼎㼍㼟㼕㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㼣㼔㼑㼘㼙㼑㼐㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌㼓㼑㼠㼟㻌㼍㻌㼘㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌㼏㼍㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼡㼜㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼒㼕㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㼟㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌
㼎㼍㼟㼠㼍㼞㼐㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼙㼛㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼙㼎㼘㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌
㼜㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼍㼞㼐㻘㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼟㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼐㼍㼥㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼡㼚㼐㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼘㼍㼞㼓㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌 㼞㼡㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼍㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼒㼛㼞㼑㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼡㼥㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼍㻌
㼐㼛㼙㼑㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼓㼍㼟㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼔㼑㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼡㼟㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼚㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌
㼟㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻓㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼕㼒㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼘㼛㼞㻌㼞㼑㼐㻌㼛㼞㻌㼕㼒㻌㼔㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼚㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼐㼡㼙㼎㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㼑㼐㻌㼔㼑㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼢㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼎㼞㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼍㼏㼗㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼓㼍㼟㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼍㼢㼍㼕㼘㼍㼎㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼎㼡㼚㼐㼍㼚㼠㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌㼓㼛㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼓㼍㼟㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼍㼠㻌㼏㼛㼘㼛㼞㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼚㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼠㼛㼡㼚㼐㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㼟㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼍㼘㼗㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼎㼡㼥㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌

72㻌 㻌 㻽㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼒㼞㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼢㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼑㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚㻓㼠㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼗㻌
㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼕㼤㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼤㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌㼎㼞㼛㼗㼑㼚㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼚㼢㼑㼟㼠㼕㼓㼍㼠㼑㻌
114 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼜㼑㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼞㼛㼗㼑㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼦㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼑㻚㻌
㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼣㼛㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻦㻌㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼡㼚㻙
㼏㼛㼚㼟㼏㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼏㼘㼛㼡㼐㼟㻌㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼐㼍㼞㼗㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼑㼍㼢㼥㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㼔㼑㼍㼐㻘㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼡㼐㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㻌 㼞㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼘㼛㼡㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼔㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㻌 㼎㼍㼏㼗㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼣㼕㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼤㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌䇾㼛㼚㼑㻙㼟㼕㼐㼑㼐䇿㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻘㻌 䇾㻸㼛㼛㼗㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼞㼍㼕㼚㻘䇿㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌
㼔㼍㼟㻌㼛㼏㼏㼡㼞㼞㼑㼐㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼠㼣㼛㻌㼣㼕㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼚㼠㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㼐㼑㼑㼐㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼑㼘㼍㼎㼛㼞㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌㼎㼥㻌㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼡㼟㻚㻌 㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌
䇾㼠㼣㼛㻙㼟㼕㼐㼑㼐䇿㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌
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73㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻦㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻘㻌 䇾㻵㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼑㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌
㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㼟㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼡㼥㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㼟㻚䇿㻌㻌
㻮㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼟㼠㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼡㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼑㼤㼠㼞㼍㼜㼛㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼡㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼠㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼟㼑㼘㼥㻌
㼔㼛㼣㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼕㼏㼡㼘㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼡㼐㼐㼥㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼒㼑㼣㻌
㼗㼑㼥㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㻲㼛㼞㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㻌㼜㼑㼠㻌㼐㼛㼓㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼍㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌㼕㼚㼒㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㻸㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼜㼑㼠㼟㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼠㼕㼙㼑㻧㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼐㼛㼓㼟㻌㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼚㼍㼙㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼔㼑㼍㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼙㼑㼏㼔㼍㼚㼕㼟㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼣㼛㻌㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻙
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 115
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㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 䇾㼃㼔㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㼕㼠㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼠㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼛㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻫㻌㻌㻲㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌 䇺㻿㼕㼠㻘䇻㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼛㼎㼑㼥㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼑㼏㼛㼚㼐㻌㼐㼛㼓㻌
㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼜㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚䇿㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㻵㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼛㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼍㼎㼘㼑㻧㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼎㼑㼥㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼙㼍㼚㼐㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼛㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌
㼣㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻔㻵㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼎㼑㼥㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼍㼚㼐㼟㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼑㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼙㼥㻌
㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻕㻌㻌㻺㼛㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼎㼑㼓㼍㼚㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼛㼓䇻㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼜㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼙㼍㼚㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼠㼕㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼘㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼘㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼛㼘㼐㻌 㼛㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼜㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌
㻵㻚㼑㻚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻙㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼐㼕㼏㼔㼛㼠㼛㼙㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌
㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㻌㼚㼛㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻙
116 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼙㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻓㼟㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻙㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻘㻌 㼔㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌
㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻚㻌㻌㻰㼛㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼥㼛㼚㼑㻌㼍㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌
㼍㻌 㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼞㼛㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼏㼍㼜㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻫㻌 㻌 㻰㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼡㼚㼓㼞㼥㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼏㼞㼕㼑㼟㻫㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼜㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼓㼞㼑㼑㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻘㻌
㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼒㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㼘㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼏㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼡㼐㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼞㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㻯㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼛㼟㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼢㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌
㼍㼐㼢㼍㼚㼠㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼢㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼡㼚㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻚㻌㻌㻔㼃㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㻌㼎㼍㼎㼥䇻㼟㻌
㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼡㼐㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼡㼐㼟㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼑㼢㼛㼘㼢㼑㻚㻕㻌㻌
㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼍㼎㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼒㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼗㼑㼑㼜㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼏㼑㼚㼍㼞㼕㼛㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼑㻧㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㻌㼒㼑㼐㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼕㼠㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼒㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼡㼟㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼣㼑㼍㼗㼚㼑㼟㼟㼑㼟㻌㼍㻌㼙㼍㼘㼚㼛㼡㼞㼕㼟㼔㼑㼐㻌㼎㼍㼎㼥㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌㼎㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㼘㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼡㼞㼢㼕㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼍㼘㼚㼛㼡㼞㼕㼟㼔㼑㼐㻌㼎㼍㼎㼥㻚㻌
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74 㻵㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌
㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻌 䇵㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻌 䇵㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼛㼛㼘㻚㻌㻌
㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼒㼞㼍㼙㼑㻌㻵䇻㼐㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌
㻵㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼟㼛㼘㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㼟㻌㼓㼘㼡㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼗㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㻵㻌㼏㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼡㼠㻌㼍㻌
㼚㼍㼕㼘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼜㼡㼟㼔㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼡㼙㼎㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼐㼕㼒㼒㼕㼏㼡㼘㼠㻌䇵㻌㼐㼛㼡㼎㼘㼥㻌㼟㼛㻌㼕㼒㻌㻵㻌㼟㼠㼞㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼍㼕㼘㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼙㼥㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 117
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㼜㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼖㼛㼎㻌㼐㼛㼚㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㻵㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼐㼑㼏㼕㼐㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼡㼟㼔㻌
㼛㼞㻌㼟㼠㼞㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼍㼕㼘㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㻌㼒㼛㼞㼑㼕㼓㼚㻌㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻘㻌㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌㼍㼢㼛㼕㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼥㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㻚㻌㻌㻲㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼗㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻘㻌㼘㼑㼠䇻㼟㻌㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㼑㼕㼓㼚㻌
㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼍㼕㼘㻌 㼍㻌 䇺㼔㼍㼙㼙㼑㼞㻚䇻㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼍㼘㼛㼓㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻘㻌
㼘㼑㼠䇻㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㻌㼍㻌㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㼟㻌
㼕㼚㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌㼜㼘㼍㼚㼗㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼛㼛㼐㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㼟㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼏㼗㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㻵㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼏㼗㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼓㼛㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼏㼗㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌㼍㻌㼜㼘㼍㼚㼗㻘㻌㻵㻌㼓㼛㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼍㻌㼜㼘㼍㼚㼗㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼘㼑㼟㼟㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼢㼛㼘㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼎㼥㻌
㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼒㼛㼞㼑㼕㼓㼚㻌㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼎㼞㼕㼏㼗㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼘㼍㼚㼗㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼙㼑㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼐㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌㼍㻌㼙㼍㼏㼔㼕㼚㼑㻌
㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼡㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼕㼙㼍㼘㼟㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌㼠㼍㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㻚㻌㻌㻾㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼘㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻘㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼟㼍㼒㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼠㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼙㼍㼏㼔㼕㼚㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼍㼚㼕㼙㼍㼘㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼎㼕㼚㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼣㼑䇻㼘㼘㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼠㼛㼛㼘㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼛㼡㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼍㼚㼕㼙㼍㼘㼟㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼙㼍㼏㼔㼕㼚㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼠㻌㼎㼥㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㻌㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞䇻㼟㻌㼙㼕㼚㼐㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼏㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼍㻌 㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌㼐㼛㼚㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼍㻌㼜㼘㼍㼚㼗㻌㼛㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼍㻌㼎㼞㼕㼏㼗㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻍㻌 㻌 㻻㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼍㼏㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼟㼔㻌㼍㻌㼠㼍㼟㼗㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌䇾㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑䇿㻌㼕㼟㻌㼎㼑㼓㼡㼚㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼙㼑㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌䇾㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻚䇿㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼡㼚㼠㼕㼘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼞㼕㼒㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 䇾㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻘䇿㻌 㼠㼑㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㻔㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌
118 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 䇾㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻚䇿㻕㻌 㻌 㻭㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌 䇾㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘䇿㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㼐㻌
㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㼕㼟㼠㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼡㼘㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㼍㼟㻌
㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼞㼡㼘㼑㻙㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 䇵㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻙㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼏㼍㼜㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼜㼑㼞㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 䇾㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻘䇿㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㼍㼟㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼟㼟㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌
䇾㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻚䇿㻌
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75 㻻㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼠㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼞㼑㼍㼐㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼒㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌㼒㼍㼞㻌
㼍㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼥㼚㼠㼍㼤㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼎㼥㻘㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌
㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼚㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼕㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼕㼚㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼚㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌
㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼜㼞㼑㻙㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌
㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻯㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼑㼘㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻧㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼑㼣㼎㼛㼞㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌㼜㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㻯㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼍㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼠㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼜㼡㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼕㼚㻌㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼒㼍㼚㼠䇻㼟㻌㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼣㼔㼛㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 119
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㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼑㼚㼓㼍㼓㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼐㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼒㼒㼑㼞㼟㻌
㼔㼑㼞㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼠㼛㼛㼘㻘㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼤㼠㼑㼚㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㼟㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼞㼡㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼙㼒㼛㼞㼠㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼑㼍㼟㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼜㼞㼑㻙㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㻌㼍㼚㻌
㼑㼤㼠㼑㼚㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼎㼥㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼍㼚㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼡㼚㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞䇻㼟㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㻙㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼡㼚㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼚㼍㼘㼛㼓㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼚㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼑㻙㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼍㼟㻌㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼑㼞㼞㼛㼞㻚㻌㻌
㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼕㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼛㼡㼞㻌㼜㼞㼑㻙㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㻌㼕㼟㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㻚㻌㻌
㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼍㼎㼟㼠㼞㼍㼏㼠㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㻚㼑㻚㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 䇾㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗䇿㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻫㻌 㻌 㻹㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㼡㼟㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻚㻌

76㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼀㼔㼞㼑㼑㻌㻸㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌㻼㼕㼓㼟㻌㼛㼒㼒㼑㼞㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼍㻌㼜㼘㼍㼠㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌㼠㼛㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌
㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻙㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻸㼑㼠䇻㼟㻌
㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼘㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌 㼜㼕㼓㼓㼥㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼟㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼍㼣㻌
㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌㼎㼕㼞㼐㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼟㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼟㼠㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼕㼓㻌
㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌 䇵㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼕㼓㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㼘㼑㼐㼓㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼔㼕㼙㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻮㼕㼓㻌㻮㼍㼐㻌㼃㼛㼘㼒㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌㼍㼘㼛㼚㼓㻘㻌
㼜㼛㼡㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼛㼞㻘㻌 㼐㼑㼙㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌
㼑㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼛㼛㼞㻌㼘㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌㼜㼕㼓㼓㼥㻘㻌㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼜㼕㼓㻌㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼐㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
120 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼠㼔㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼙㼙㼕㼚㼑㼚㼠㻌㼐㼑㼍㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼔㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼟㻌㼔㼛㼣㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌
㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻘㻌 䇾㻺㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼕㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼏㼔㼕㼚㼚㼥㻙㼏㼔㼕㼚㻌 㼏㼔㼕㼚㻍䇿㻌㻌
㻭㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌 㼜㼕㼓䇻㼟㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼏㼞㼍㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌㼜㼕㼓㻌㼞㼍㼚㻌㼛㼒㼒㻚60㻌
㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼍㻌㼎㼕㼞㼐㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼟㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼟㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼒㼍㼘㼘㼟㻌㼐㼛㼣㼚㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼕㼞㼐㻌
㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼠㼍㼗㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼕㼙㼜㼞㼛㼢㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼚㼑㼟㼠㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼎㼕㼞㼐㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼑㼘㼟㼑㻘㻌
㼓㼑㼠㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼢㼕㼞㼠㼡㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼞㼑㼜㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㼘㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻼㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼡㼟㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌
㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼑㼍㼟㼕㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㻌 㼒㼕㼢㼑㻙
㼥㼑㼍㼞㻌㼛㼘㼐㻌㼎㼕㼞㼐㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼍㼠㻌㼙㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼚㼑㼟㼠㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌㼍㻌
㼠㼣㼛㻙㼥㼑㼍㼞㻌㼛㼘㼐㻌㼎㼕㼞㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼏㼑㼚㼍㼞㼕㼛㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼍㼘㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼕㼓㼟㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼞㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼕㼓㻌 㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌
㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼑㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼓㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻘㻌㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌㼎㼥㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼟㼠㼕㼏㼗㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼍㼣㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼏㼗㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻘㻌
㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼎㼕㼞㼐㼟㻚㻌㻌㻮㼥㻌㼙㼛㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼑㼠㼠㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼍㼞㼑㼍㻘㻌
㼍㻌 㼎㼕㼞㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼟㼑㼟㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌
㼚㼑㼟㼠㻙㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼢㼍㼞㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼐㼡㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼑㼚㼢㼕㼞㼛㼚㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼐㼛㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼍㻌㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼛㼞㻌㼜㼛㼛㼞㼑㼞㻙㼎㼡㼕㼘㼠㻌㼚㼑㼟㼠㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌
㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼞㼑㼍㼟㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼟㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㼕㼘㼥㻌㼍㼢㼍㼕㼘㼍㼎㼘㼑㻧㻌㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌㼜㼕㼓㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌
㼍㻌 㼜㼞㼍㼕㼞㼕㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼏㼛㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼕㼓㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼛㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼞㼐㻌
㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼑㼍㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼘㼡㼒㼒㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼍㼟㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼝㼡㼍㼞㼞㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼞㼑㼓㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻔㻺㼛㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼎㼞㼕㼏㼗㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻘㻌
㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼏㼗㼟㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼟㼔㼕㼛㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼚㻌

60
Actually, this part of the story confuses me. Some versions have the little pigs
being eaten one-by-one and other versions have the pigs rushing off to the next pig’s
house. In consideration for my younger readers, I will bypass the pornographic
violence and use the latter version of the story.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 121
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㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼡㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻚㻕㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼕㼚㼏㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼡㼏㼏㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 䇾㼜㼞㼛㼓㼞㼑㼟㼟㼑㼟㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻻㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻙
㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼟㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻧㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼡㼏㼏㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㼟㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼎㼞㼕㼏㼗㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼏㼏㼡㼜㼕㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㻌
㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼕㼒㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻘㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㼟㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼓㼡㼍㼞㼍㼚㼠㼑㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼕㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼍㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼍㼞㼞㼥㻌 㼟㼕㼠㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼍㼙㻌 㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼑㼟㼍㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚䇻㼟㻌䇾㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼙㼜㼞㼛㼢㼑㻘䇿㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼞㼕㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼛㼚㼑䇻㼟㻌㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㻌㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌㼍㻌
㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼠㼞㼍㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼔㼥㼜㼛㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼜㼍㼞㼍㼘㼘㼑㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼡㼞㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌㻌
㻻㼒㻌㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼛㼐㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼑㼑㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻌㼙㼍㼚㼕㼒㼑㼟㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻹㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼙㼕㼟㼟㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼜㼍㼚㼐㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼠㼔㼞㼛㼜㼛㼏㼑㼚㼠㼞㼕㼏㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼍㼘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼡㼚㼕㼝㼡㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻿㼛㻌㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥㻌㼏㼕㼠㼑㼟㻌㼟㼑㼢㼑㼞㼍㼘㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼕㼙㼍㼘㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌
㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼚㼕㼙㼍㼘㻌㼠㼞㼍㼢㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼠㼞㼍㼢㼑㼘㻌㼍㼚㻌
㼍㼘㼠㼑㼞㼚㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼥㼑㼠㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼍㼘㼘㼑㼘㻌 㼞㼛㼡㼠㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌
㼁㼚㼒㼛㼞㼠㼡㼚㼍㼠㼑㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌
㼣㼕㼐㼑㼟㼜㼞㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼕㼚㼏㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼕㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼎㼕㼠㼡㼍㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻔㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㻵㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼓㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㻙㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵䇻㼙㻌 㼞㼑㼠㼡㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㻚㻕㻌㻌
㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼎㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼕㼓㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌
122 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㻌㼍㻌㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼑㼍㼢㼕㼑㼞㻌㼍㻌㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼍㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌
㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼛㼢㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼚㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼔㼑㼍㼢㼥㻌㼣㼕㼚㼐㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼢㼍㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼣㼑㼕㼓㼔㼠㼟㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼠㼞㼕㼏㼠㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼕㼓㼟㻌 㼒㼕㼓㼡㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻵㼚㼐㼑㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼔㼍㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼜㼕㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼏㼛㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼕㼓㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌
㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼍㼘㼞㼑㼍㼐㼥㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼟㼠㼞㼍㼣㻌㼛㼞㻌㼟㼠㼕㼏㼗㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌
㼒㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌 㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥䇻㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼟㼥㼚㼠㼍㼤㻌 㼔㼥㼜㼛㼠㼔㼑㼟㼕㼟㻌
㼎㼥㻌㼍㼚㼍㼘㼛㼓㼥㻚㻌㻌㻯㼔㼕㼘㼐㼞㼑㼚㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼛㼒㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼠㻌㼍㼠㻌㼎㼕㼞㼠㼔㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼠㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼠㼞㼍㼏㼠㻘㻌 㼔㼥㼜㼛㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼟㼜㼞㼍㼚㼓㻌㼡㼜㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌㻌㻹㼍㼞㼗㻌㼀㼣㼍㼕㼚㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼛㼞㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼒㼍㼟㼔㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌 㼍㼠㻌
㼛㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼑㼟㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㻹㼥㻌㻲㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌㻸㼕㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㻵㻌㻳㼛㼠㻌㻻㼡㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㻵㼠㻘䇿㻌
㼀㼣㼍㼕㼚㻌㼟㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌㻌
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䇾㻵㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼚㼕㼚㼑㻌㼐㼍㼥㼟㻌㼛㼘㼐㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㼕㼏㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼕㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼏㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼐㼢㼑㼞㼠㼕㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼡㼟㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼒㼍㼟㼔㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼕㼚㼓㼘㼥㻌 㼜㼑㼠㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼐㼐㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼜㼕㼠㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼓㼛㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼙㼑㼍㼘㼟㻌㼎㼑㼟㼕㼐㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼞㼕㼏㼔㼑㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼒㼑㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼘㼕㼑㼐㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼕㼚㻌䇵
㼍㼐㼢㼑㼞㼠㼕㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㼚㻓㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 123
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㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻧㻌 㻳㼑㼛㼞㼓㼑㻌 㼃㼍㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㼠㼛㼚㻌 㼐㼕㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼎㼛㼐㼥㻌

㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼐㼛㼚㼑㻌㼕㼠㻚䇿㻢㻝㻌
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㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼘㼕㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼏㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻧㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼡㼐㼕㼎㼘㼥㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼥㻌㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼑㼘㼟㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼟㻌㼛㼞㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼟㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻚㻌㻌㻷㼚㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼐㻌㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼣㼍㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼟㼕㼞㼑㼐㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼔㼡㼙㼛㼞㼛㼡㼟㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼘㼕㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼣㼔㼛㼘㼘㼥㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼐㼑㼐㻌䇵㻌㼜㼞㼑㼙㼑㼐㼕㼠㼍㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼘㼍㼡㼓㼔㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼥㼑㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼜㼞㼑㼏㼕㼟㼑㼘㼥㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼥㼙㼜㼍㼠㼔㼕㼦㼑㼞㼟㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻚㻌㻌㻴㼑㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌
㼔㼛㼣㻌㼣㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼑㼞㼚㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㼟㻌㼛㼞㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㼘㼥㻌㼍㼜㼜㼘㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼕㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼐㼛㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼀㼣㼍㼕㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌㼘㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌㼜㼕㼓㻌㼞㼍㼚㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌
㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼞㼑㼏㼗㼑㼐㻌㼔㼛㼙㼑㻘㻌㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼑㼏㼛㼚㼐㻌㼜㼕㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼛㼐㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼍㼣㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼏㼗㼟㻌 㼒㼍㼞㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼣㼑㼕㼓㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼏㼗㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼣㼛㻌
㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼎㼘㼛㼣㼚㻌㼐㼛㼣㼚㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌㼠㼣㼛㻌
㼜㼕㼓㼟㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼎㼑㼓㼡㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼜㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼚㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌
㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼜㼘㼍㼡㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻘㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼏㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌㼛㼞㻌㼟㼡㼎㼏㼛㼚㼟㼏㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻘㻌
㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌㼠㼣㼛㻌㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌
㻸㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼍㼎㼥㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌 㼏㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼡㼙㼡㼘㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼓㼑㼠㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼚㼛㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻧㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌

61
Twain, Mark. “My First Lie, And How I Got Out Of It.” The Complete Works of
Mark Twain. 1900.
<http://www.mtwain.com/My_First_Lie,_And_How_I_Got_Out_Of_It/0.html>.
124 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼜㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼡㼠㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌
㼛㼡㼠㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻌
㼍㼚㼥㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼜㼕㼓㼟㻘㻌 㼔㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼍㼞㼢㼑㼘㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼠㻌
㼎㼕㼞㼠㼔㻘㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌㼙㼍㼞㼢㼑㼘㼛㼡㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼐㼕㼐㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼕㼠㻌㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻚㻌

77㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌
㼎㼥㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㻵㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙
㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻦㻌㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌㼍㼠㻌㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼣㼔㼛㻌㼎㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼔㼍㼘㼒㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻛㼚㼛㼚㻙㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻌 㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㻵㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻘㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌
㼒㼍㼞㻌 㼎㼑㼥㼛㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㻵㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼍㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼑㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌
䇾㼙㼑㼍㼚㻚䇿㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼘㼕㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼟㼍㼐㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼐㼛㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㻵㻌㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼣㼞㼕㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌㼢㼑㼞㼎㼍㼘㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼥㼙㼎㼛㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼞㼑㼠㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼏㼏㼍㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻸㼛㼛㼗㻌㼍㼠㻌㼙㼑㻍㻌㻌㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌㼓㼛㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼣㼕㼟㼠㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌
㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼚㼛㼚㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑㼘㼘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼥㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼕㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻚62㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㻵㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㻱㼚㼓㼘㼕㼟㼔㻘䇿㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼚㼚㼛㼡㼚㼏㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌

62
And if you do, there is no way to equate what you find to what I find. There is no
public exchange, no language game. See Ludwig Wittgenstein’s private language
argument as it regards beetles in boxes in §293 of Philosophical Investigations.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 125
㻌

㼑㼚㼓㼍㼓㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌㼜㼑㼠㻌㼣㼑㼍㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼠㼍㼓㻌㼎㼑㼍㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌
㼚㼍㼙㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼛㼙㼑㻌㼍㼐㼐㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼠㼍㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼠䇻㼟㻌
㼎㼑㼚㼑㼒㼕㼠㻧㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼠㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼛㼣㼚㻌㼠㼍㼓㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼠㼍㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼍㼚㼥㼛㼚㼑㻌㼣㼔㼛㻌㼏㼍㼞㼑㼟㻌㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼠㻌㼔㼛㼙㼑㻚㻌
㻌
78 㻾㼑㼜㼑㼠㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼡㼘㼠㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼜㼡㼘㼘㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼍㼚㼕㼜㼡㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼑㼚㼢㼕㼞㼛㼚㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼎㼑㼓㼡㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻚㻌
㻌
79㻌 㻌 㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 䇾㻵㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼠㼍㼘㼗㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼕㼙㻚䇿63㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌
㼍㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼛㼤㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼑㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㻔㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼕㼐㻘㻌㼐㼡㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼍㼏㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼔㼍㼞㼑㼐㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻕㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼕㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼣㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼢㼕㼑㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼕㼛㼚㻧㻌㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌䇾㻵㼒㻌㼍㻌
㼘㼕㼛㼚㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻘䇿㻌㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌㼘㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼢㼕㼑㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼘㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼞㼑㼟㼡㼘㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼛㼤㻌㼐㼑㼙㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼢㼕㼑㼣㼟㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㻘㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼣㼔㼛㼘㼘㼥㻌
㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼑㼙㼜㼕㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼞㼕㼓㼓㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼔㼕㼒㼠㻌
㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼢㼕㼟㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌
㼏㼍㼘㼘㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌
㻌

63
Wittgenstein, Ludwig. Philosophical Investigations. Malden, MA: Blackwell
Publishing. 2001. Page 190.
126 The Absurdity of Philosophy
㻌

80㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻙㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼟㼔㼍㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌

㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼟㼥㼚㼛㼚㼥㼙㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㼣㼕㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼎㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼛㼒㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼕㼠㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼕㼏㼔㼛㼠㼛㼙㼥㻘㻌
㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻛㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻛㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㼚㼍㼘㼛㼓㼛㼡㼟㻚㻌㻌㻲㼛㼞㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼍㻌㼎㼍㼎㼥㻌㼏㼞㼕㼑㼟㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼍㻌㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼍㼎㼥㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼐㼛㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼟㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻯㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼍㼎㼥䇻㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼍㻌
㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞䇻㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻙㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻿㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞䇻㼟㻌㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼎㼥䇻㼟㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻧㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼛㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼠㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼟㼑㼙㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼑㼚㼓㼍㼓㼑㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼎㼥㻚㻌
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81㻌 㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻘䇿㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻿㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌
㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼔㼡㼞㼠㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼠㼕㼏㼗㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼚㼛㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼔㼡㼞㼠㼟㻘䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻘㻌 㼟㼔㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㼃㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼗㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌
䇾㼃㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌 㻵㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻘䇿㻌㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㻵䇻㼙㻌
㼘㼛㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㻵䇻㼙㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑䇻㼞㼑㻌 㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼠㼛㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 127
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㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻍㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼑㼍㼠㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼓㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼛㼞㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼣㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌㼍㼞㼑㼍㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼚㼑㼍㼞㼘㼥㻌
㼜㼞㼑㻙㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㻔㼕㼒㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼑㼚㼠㼕㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌㼜㼞㼑㻙㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻚㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌㼍㼠㻌
㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼍㼘㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼚㼛㻕㻚㻌㻌㻵㼟㻌㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥䇻㼟㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌
㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼛㼞㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼍㼏㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼟㼔㼑㼐㻫㻌㻌㻾㼑㼏㼡㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼒㼍㼕㼘㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼞㼑㻙㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㼑㻫㻌㻌㻌
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82 㼀㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㻌㼣㼑㻌㼛㼎㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼔㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌
㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻘㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼑㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌
㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼠㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼍㼏㼠㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼛㼛㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼟㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼍㼘㻌 㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼑㼟㼏㼍㼜㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌
㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼘㼑㼚㼟㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼛㼜㼜㼛㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌㼐㼑㼟㼜㼕㼠㼑㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼟㼍㼥㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼢㼍㼘㼕㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼜㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼘㼐㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼓㼛㼠㼠㼑㼚㻌
㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻦㻌 㻌 㻱㼡㼏㼘㼕㼐㼕㼍㼚㻌
㼓㼑㼛㼙㼑㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼜㼡㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌
128 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼘㼗㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼟㼔㼍㼜㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼑㼠㼏㻚㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌
㼟㼠㼞㼕㼏㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼑㼞㼙㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㻺㼕㼗㼛㼘㼍㼕㻌 㻸㼛㼎㼍㼏㼔㼑㼢㼟㼗㼥㻌
㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㻱㼡㼏㼘㼕㼐㼑㼍㼚㻌 㼓㼑㼛㼙㼑㼠㼞㼥㻘㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼚㼑㼓㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㻱㼡㼏㼘㼕㼐䇻㼟㻌 㼒㼡㼚㼐㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼤㼕㼛㼙㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼜㼍㼞㼍㼘㼘㼑㼘㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼚㻙㻱㼡㼏㼘㼕㼐㼑㼍㼚㻌 㼓㼑㼛㼙㼑㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㼑㼐㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㼘㼘㻌
㼍㼟㻌㻱㼡㼏㼘㼕㼐㼑㼍㼚㻌㼓㼑㼛㼙㼑㼠㼞㼥㻧㻌㼕㼚㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㻘㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㼒㼡㼘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼔㼍㼜㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼜㼍㼏㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼓㼞㼑㼟㼟㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼔㼍㼜㼑㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻱㼡㼏㼘㼕㼐㼑㼍㼚㻌 㼓㼑㼛㼙㼑㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼡㼟㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㻌㼑㼚㼓㼞㼍㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻚㻌㻌㻱㼡㼏㼘㼕㼐㼑㼍㼚㻌㼓㼑㼛㼙㼑㼠㼞㼥㻌
㼕㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌㼍㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌
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83㻌㻌㻳㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼎㼥㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼎㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻘㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼙㼍㼗㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼜㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼟㼑㼙㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㻌
㼏㼔㼛㼕㼏㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㻵㻌㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼢㼑㻘㻌㼍㻌㼔㼡㼓㼑㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼕㼠㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌
㼐㼕㼏㼠㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻚㻌㻌
㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼐㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼒㼍㼙㼕㼘㼕㼍㼞㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㻧㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼣㼑䇻㼐㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼕㼛㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼐㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼣㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼟㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼑㼚㼓㼍㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼜㼛㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼘㼑㼏㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻚㻌
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 The Absurdity of Philosophy 129
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84㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㻘㻌 㼑㼠㼏㻚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㻧㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼟㼛㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼛㼢㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼑㼟㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼑㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼘㼗㼟㻌 㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼑㼍㼙㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼑㼞㻌
㼣㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼣㼍㼠㼑㼞㻧㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼞㼟㼠㼥㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼑㼞㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌
㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼑㼞㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼘㼕㼙㼕㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼑㼘㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼏㼑㼎㼑㼞㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻦㻌䇾㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼛㼏㼑㼍㼚㻌 㼓㼑㼠㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼞㼙㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼡㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼏㼑㼎㼑㼞㼓㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼢㼑㼘㼟㻚䇿㻌㻌
㻰㼛㻌 㼕㼏㼑㼎㼑㼞㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼢㼑㼘㻫㻌 㻌 㻻㼞㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼠㼡㼓㼓㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼘㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼡㼞㼞㼑㼚㼠㻫㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻻㼞㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻘㻌䇾㼀㼔㼑㻌㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌㼠㼡㼙㼎㼘㼑㼐㻌
㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼕㼘㼘㻚䇿㻌㻌㻰㼛㻌㼞㼛㼏㼗㼟㻌㼠㼡㼙㼎㼘㼑㻫㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼞㼕㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㻳㼞㼍㼢㼕㼠㼥㻌
㼜㼡㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌㼘㼍㼚㼐㼟㼘㼕㼐㼑㻘䇿㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼠㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼞㼍㼢㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼍㼟㻌
㼕㼒㻌㼓㼞㼍㼢㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼛㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼛㼏㼗㻚㻌㻌
㻮㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼍㼘㻘㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㼟㻌㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌
㼡㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻧㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼙㼍㼚㼚㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼍㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㻵㻘㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻓㼞㼑㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㻌
㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻧㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼑㼚㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌 㼛㼒㻌 䇾㼒㼞㼑㼑㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼢㼑㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻳㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻚㻌㻌㻼㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㼘㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼢㼍㼞㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼔㼕㼘㼘㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼢㼍㼘㼘㼑㼥㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼐㼟㼏㼍㼜㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
130 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼛㼏㼗㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼏㼑㼎㼑㼞㼓㼟㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌㼍㼚㼕㼙㼍㼘㼟㻘㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼐㼑㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻼㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼟㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌
㼣㼍㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼟㻌㻔㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼟㻕㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㻌㼟㼑㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻧㻌㻌㼍㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼞㼑㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼐㻌㼑㼤㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼑㼘㼟㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼍㼚㼠㼔㼞㼛㼜㼛㼙㼛㼞㼜㼔㼕㼦㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻔㻲㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻘㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻕㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼢㼍㼞㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼑㼤㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼠㼔㼞㼛㼜㼛㼙㼛㼞㼜㼔㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻫㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼑㼠㼏㻚㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼘㼛㼚㼓㼑㼞㻌
㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼍㼠㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼑㼘㼟㼑㻚㻌
䇾㼃㼔㼥㻌㼐㼕㼐㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼐㼛㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻫䇿㻌㻌㻌
䇾㻺㼛㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻚䇿㻌
䇾㻻㼗㼍㼥㻚䇿㻌
㻵㼒㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼗㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼞㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼍㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㻺㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼗㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼏㼑㼎㼑㼞㼓㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼢㼑㼘㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼣㼍㼞㼙㼑㼞㻌㼏㼘㼕㼙㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌㼛㼞㻌㼣㼔㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌㼒㼑㼘㼘㻌㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌
䇾㻺㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻘䇿㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼍㼘㻌
㼑㼚㼠㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼛㼣㼚㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼙㼥㻌
㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌㼙㼥㻌㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼚㼛㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㼞㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻓㼟㻌㼙㼛㼢㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼚㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㼍㼟㻌㼥㼛㼡䇻㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌㼙㼥㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㼟㻌㼍㻌㼘㼍㼏㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㻚㻌㻌㻾㼛㼏㼗㼟㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 131
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㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼞㼛㼏㼗㻓㼟㻌㼙㼛㼢㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼡㼞㼐㼑㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼞㼛㼢㼕㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼑㻘㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼛㼏㼗㻚㻌㻌㻻㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼥㻌
㼙㼛㼢㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼡㼞㼐㼑㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼞㼛㼢㼕㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌㼞㼑㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌㻔㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼔㼛㼣㻌㼍㼗㼕㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼥㻌㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼙㼥㻌
㼛㼣㼚㻚㻕㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㻵㻌㼞㼑㼒㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼕㼟㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼜㼞㼑㼞㼛㼓㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻘㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌 㻙㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼟㼍㼘㻌
㼙㼍㼚㼚㼑㼞㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼟㼜㼑㼏㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼍㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌㼙㼑㻘㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㻘㻌㼕㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼍㻌㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌㼒㼍㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼕㼘㼘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼕㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼍㼞㼏㼍㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼞㼑㼙㼍㼞㼗㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼟㻦㻌㻌
䇾㻿㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼏㼗㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼓㼛㼠㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼍㼘㼗㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼘㼘㻫䇿㻌㻌
㻭㼚㼠㼔㼞㼛㼜㼛㼙㼛㼞㼜㼔㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼑㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌
㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌
㼚㼛㻌㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻔㻼㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌䇺㼒㼞㼑㼑䇻㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼍㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼖㼛㼎㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌㼜㼛㼑㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼑㼐㻚㻕㻌
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85㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼠㼔㼞㼛㼜㼛㼙㼛㼞㼜㼔㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼘㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼟㼠㻌 㼙㼥㼟㼠㼑㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌
㼣㼑䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼑㼚㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㻔㻵㻚㼑㻚㻘㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌
132 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼠㼔㼞㼛㼜㼕㼏㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼑㼚㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼡㼚㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼚㼠㼔㼞㼛㼜㼛㼙㼛㼞㼜㼔㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼥㼟㼠㼑㼞㼥㻚㻕㻌
㻌㻌㻌
86㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼎㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼟㼡㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼕㼟㼙㻌
㼍㼞㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼎㼍㼟㼠㼍㼞㼐㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼟㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼛㼛㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼑㼟㻘㻌
㼏㼍㼡㼟㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻹㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼢㼛㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼒㼒㼑㼏㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌
㼒㼍㼏㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼡㼐㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼛㼢㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼍㼚㼠㼡㼙㻌
㼟㼏㼍㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼠㼠㼑㼞㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼛㼤㼑㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼙㼕㼘㼕㼍㼞㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼑㼞㼙㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼍㼡㼟㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼐㼕㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌㼒㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻔㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻓㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻌㼛㼞㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼘㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼞㼍㼚㼐㼛㼙㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼘㼑㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌㼎㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼡㼜㻌㼕㼚㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼍㼚㼐㼛㼙㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼕㼞㼞㼑㼘㼑㼢㼍㼚㼠㻌㼐㼡㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼏㼍㼘㼑㻧㻌㼔㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼎㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼡㼜㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼞㼍㼣㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼑㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼘㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼏㼍㼡㼟㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻚㻕㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼏㼍㼡㼟㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼛㼡㼞㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼑㼤㼠㼞㼍㻙㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼜㼑㼑㼞㻌 㼎㼑㼥㼛㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻫㻌㻌
㻺㼛㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌 㻔㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㼑㼤㼠㼞㼍㻙㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻕㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼛㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼟㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼟㼡㼎㼙㼕㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 133
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㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼚㼑㼍㼞㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼘㼕㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌

㼟㼡㼎㼙㼕㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼍㼘㻌㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻳㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻘㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻚㻌㻌㻯㼍㼡㼟㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼒㼡㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼔㼍㼞㼐㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼚㼥㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼚㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌㼍㼒㼒㼕㼞㼙㼟㻌㼎㼛㼠㼔㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻵㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼡㼓㼓㼑㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌㼞㼕㼟㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌㼟㼡㼓㼓㼑㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼐㼑㼎㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼍㼣㼚㼟㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌
㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼘㼕㼏㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼣㼛㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼑㼐㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼠㼣㼛㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻚㻌㻌㻿㼛㻌㼐㼛㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻫㻌㻌㼅㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻌

87㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌

㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼑㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼏㼍㼜㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼑㼚㼓㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻧㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻙㼟㼕㼐㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌
㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼑㼣㼛㼞㼠㼔㼥㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼐㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼛㼛㼘㻌 㼛㼚㼑㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼠㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼍㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻦㻌㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼑㼤㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼎㼑㼥㼛㼚㼐㻌
134 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼠㼔㼍㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼘㼍㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻌

㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼕㼚㼢㼛㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㼑㼞㻌
㼛㼞㻌㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼚㼍㼞㼞㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼐㼕㼍㼘㼛㼓㼡㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㼑㼞㻘㻌㼍㻌
㼚㼍㼞㼞㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼑㼚㼓㼍㼓㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼍㻌㼐㼕㼍㼘㼛㼓㼡㼑㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼑㼚㼓㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌㻌㻭㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼡㼑㻘㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌㼑㼚㼓㼍㼓㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌
㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌
㼗㼕㼚㼐㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌
㼙㼍㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼡㼚㼐㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼛㼚㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌
㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 䇾㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼘㼠㼕㼙㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻘䇿㻌
㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌㼜㼛㼘㼕㼠㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌㼑㼐㼡㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼞㼑㼘㼕㼓㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㻙
㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌䇾㻵㻚䇿㻌㻌㻌
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88㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼚㼍㼘㼛㼓㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼚㼒㼍㼚㼠㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌
㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼑㼚㼓㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼥㼑㼠㻌䇾㼠㼑㼘㼘㼟䇿㻌㼡㼟㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼎㼥㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼐㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼢㼍㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻧㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼎㼥㻌
㻔㼡㼚㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻕㻌㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻧㻌㼍㻌㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌㼞㼑㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼞㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌 㼍㼘㼛㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼟㼠㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼎㼑㼟㼠㻌 㼒㼕㼠㼟㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 135
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㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌

㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼍㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻘㻌㼍㻌㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼑㼍㼞㼎㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼘㼑㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻙㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼒㼑㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼜㼔㼑㼚㼛㼙㼑㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼎㼥㻚㻌㻌䇾㼀㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼎㼥㻌㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌
㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌
㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻍㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻘㻌 䇺㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼠㼕㼞㼑㼐㻘䇻㻌 㼛㼞㻘㻌 䇺㻵䇻㼙㻌
㼔㼡㼚㼓㼞㼥㻘䇻㻌㼛㼞㻘㻌䇺㻵㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼐㻘䇻㻌 㼍㼙㼛㼚㼓㼟㼠㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻚㻌㻌
㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼍㼎㼥㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻫䇿㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻚㻌㻌㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥㻌㼟㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼟㼛㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌㼎㼍㼎㼥䇻㼟㻌㼏㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌
㼛㼞㻌 㼓㼡㼞㼓㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼐㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼎㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌㼟㼛㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼑㼚㼠㼕㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼑㼘㼟㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌
㼍㼘㼛㼚㼓㻘㻌㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼛㼟㼠㼙㼛㼐㼑㼞㼚㻌㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㼕㼟㼠㻘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻚㻌
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89㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼑㼞㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻙㼛㼞㻙㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌
㻼㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼐㼑㼓㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼢㼑㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㻔㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼍㼘㼛㼓㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻕㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼘㻌
㼛㼢㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻼㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼟㼛㻚㻌㻌
㻮㼡㼠㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼔㼑㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㻌㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻔㻺㼛㼠㼑㻌㼑㼤㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻦㻌㼍㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼍㼎㼟㼛㼞㼎㼑㼐㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼍㼚㼥㼛㼚㼑㻌
136 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼑㼘㼟㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼑㼒㼒㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼑㼚㼓㼍㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌

㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌
㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼛㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼡㼑㼟㻚㻕㻌
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90㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼑㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼕㼙㼡㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌㼍㻌㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌
㼍㻌 㼎㼍㼟㼑㼎㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼍㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼍㼓㼑㻧㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼍㼘㼘㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼕㼠㼏㼔㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼔㼕㼠㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼍㼏㼔㼕㼚㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼒㼕㼑㼘㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼘㼘㼟㻚㻌㻌㻿㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼒㼕㼑㼘㼐㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼍㼘㼘㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼞㼑㼘㼛㼍㼐㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼙㼍㼏㼔㼕㼚㼑㻌㼔㼑㼞㻌㼛㼞㻌㼔㼕㼙㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌
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91㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌
㼙㼍㼚㼕㼜㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌䇵㻌㻵㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼏㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼐㼛㼚㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㻵㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻔㼃㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼠㼍㼘㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼛㼛㼘㻧㻌 㼠㼛㼛㼘㻙㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻚㻕㻌 㻌 㻵㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼎㼥㻌㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼢㼍㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻧㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼟㼗㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻚㻌㻌
㻹㼍㼚㼕㼜㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌
㼍㼙㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼞㼕㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼔㼡㼟㼎㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼎㼞㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌
㼟㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼐㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻘㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㼕㼍㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼟㼠㻘㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㻘㻌
㼟㼠㼡㼐㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼒㼞㼕㼑㼚㼐㻌 㻔㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼣㼍㼥㼟㻕㻘㻌 㼑㼠㼏㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼎㼥㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼞㻌㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼡㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼣㼍㼥㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼛㼛㼘㻙㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㻔㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 137
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㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻕㻧㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻘㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼥㻌㼍㼞㼙㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼔㼍㼙㼙㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼛㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼛㻌㼍㼟㼗㻘㻌䇾㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㻫䇿㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼟㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼡㼞㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻚㻌
㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼣㼑䇻㼘㼘㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㻌
㼛㼢㼑㼞㼣㼔㼑㼘㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻫㻌 㻌 㻭㼞㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻫㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌
㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㼙㼑㼔㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻘㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼢㼍㼘㼡㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻘㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㻘㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌

92㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㼟㻘㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼕㼠㼑㻌
㼙㼍㼚㼍㼓㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㻌㼍㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼑㼚㼓㼍㼓㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻾㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㼡㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼎㼛㼛㼗㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼜㼡㼎㼘㼕㼏㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼑㼞㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼒㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㻘㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼢㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼗㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼍㼞㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼑㼞㼟㻧㻌㻵䇻㼐㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼛㻘㻌㼛㼚㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㼘㼐㻌㼍㻌㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼑㼢㼛㼗㼑㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼟㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㼞㼏㼔㼑㼠㼥㼜㼑㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼙㼜㼘㼛㼥㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼛㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼟㼛㼏㼕㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌
138 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼖㼛㼎㻌㼠㼕㼠㼘㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼛㻌㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼦㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼟㼡㼎㼠㼞㼍㼏㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼙㼛㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼓㼍㼜㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻽㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌䇾㻵䇿㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼓㼛㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻚㻌

93㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼛㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㻵㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼙㼟㻘㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼠㻘㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼘㼑㼓㼟㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼞㼑㼙㼛㼢㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼑㼍㼞㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼎㼑㼍㼠㼟㻌㼕㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼞㼑㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼙㼥㻌㼎㼞㼍㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌㼙㼕㼚㼐㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼐㼕㼑㻌㼛㼒㼒㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㻌㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㻌㼣㼞㼕㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌
㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼑㼘㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼙㼑㼙㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌
㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼙㼑㼙㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼒㼍㼐㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼠㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌
㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼙㼑㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼕㼑㼟㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㻵㻓㼙㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼕㼑㼟㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼘㼕㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㻵㻌
㼍㼙㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼜㼍㼏㼑㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻧㻌
㼐㼕㼙㼑㼚㼟㼕㼛㼚㼘㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌 㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼜㼍㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻧㻌
㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼙㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌
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94㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻓㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 䇾㻵䇿㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼜㼘㼍㼏㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㼙㼙㼛㼢㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㻻㼠㼔㼑㼞㻦㻌㻳㼛㼐㻌㼔㼕㼙㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼦㼑㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻧㻌 㼕㻚㼑㻚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻚㻌
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 The Absurdity of Philosophy 139
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95㻌 㻌 㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻦㻌 㻌 䇾㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌

㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻙㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼡㼘㼠㼍㼚㼑㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼟㼥㼚㼛㼚㼥㼙㼟㻌㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌㻿㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼘㼥㻘㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌
㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㻌㼍㼟㻌㼛㼚㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌㼎㼥㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻿㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌䇾㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌
㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞䇿㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㼏㼕㼞㼏㼡㼙㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼏㼍㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌㼍㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼠㼕㼠㼘㼑㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻚㻌㻌
㻔㻾㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻕㻌㻌㻲㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼍㻌㼙㼍㼞㼞㼕㼑㼐㻌
㼏㼛㼡㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼟㼑㼑㻌㼍㻌㼢㼍㼚㻌㼜㼡㼘㼘㻌㼡㼜㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼢㼍㼚㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼞㼑㼑㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㼟㻘㻌㼍㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞䇻㼟㻌㼍㼟㼟㼕㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼙㼍㼚㻌㼟㼍㼥㼟㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼍㼚㻘㻌䇾㼀㼔㼑㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼔㼑㼞㼑㻚䇿㻌㻌㻵㼟㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼞㼑㼑㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼢㼍㼚㻫㻌㻌㻺㼛㻘㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼑㼤㼍㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌
㼣㼔㼛㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼢㼍㼚㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼍㼚㻌㼐㼕㼐㻚㻌㻌㼃㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌
㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼕㼒㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼑㼘㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌㼔㼑㼞㻫㻌㻌㻭㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼚㼛㻧㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼍㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㻔㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼘㼥㻕㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼟㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼡㼟㼎㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼕㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌
㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼍㼜㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼦㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㼀㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼠㻘䇿㻌㼛㼞㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼟㼘㼍㼜㻌㼔㼕㼙㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㼘㼑㼟㼟㼘㼥㻌㼜㼑㼐㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㻚㻌㻌
㻱㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼍㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻧㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㼟㻌 㻔㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼘㼥㻕㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼞㼑㼣㻌 䇵㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㼣㼕㼟㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㻌㼑㼚㼠㼕㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㻌㼏㼘㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌
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140 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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96㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼕㼠㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼥㼟㻧㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼐㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌
㻴㼛㼣㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻘㻌㻵㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌
㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼓㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻘㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼢㼕㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼡㼙㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌
㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㻔㼛㼞㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼟㻌㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻕㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼎㼥㻌㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼎㼍㼟㼕㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻚㻌
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97㻌㻌㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼚㼍㼙㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㼟㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㼜㼜㼞㼛㼍㼏㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼑㼟㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵䇻㼐㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼡㼎㼙㼕㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌䇾㼏㼍㼞㼞㼥䇿㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼡㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼡㼟㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼕㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼑㼚㼓㼍㼓㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼒㼡㼘㼒㼕㼘㼘㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼖㼛㼎㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌
㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㻌 㻔㼜㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼘㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌
㼑㼒㼒㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻕㻚㻌 㻌 㼁㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌
㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㻘㻌㼔㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼕㼚㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㻘㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼍㼟㼗㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻱㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼚㼑㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌
㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼑㼞㼟䇻㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼏㼏㼡㼜㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼓㼍㼙㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼠㼟㻌 㼍㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼘㼍㼟㼠㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻵㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㻵䇻㼙㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 141
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㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻚㻌 㻌 䇾㻵䇿㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌
䇾㻳㼛㼐㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 䇾㻵䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 䇾㻳㼛㼐䇿㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼒㼍㼟㼏㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌
䇾㼙㼑㼠㼍㻙㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻘䇿㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 䇾㼠㼔㼕㼟䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 䇾㼠㼔㼍㼠䇿㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㻮㼑㼞㼠㼞㼍㼚㼐㻌
㻾㼡㼟㼟㼑㼘㼘䇻㼟㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼚㼛㼡㼚㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼛㼙㼕㼏㻌
㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌 㻌 䇾㼅㼛㼡䇿㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼍㻙㼞㼛㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌
㼛㼢㼑㼞㼘㼛㼛㼗㼑㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼙㼑㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼛㼒㼠㼥㻘㻌㼑㼘㼕㼠㼑㻌㼟㼑㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼑㼠㼍㻙㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㻔㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼑㼤㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻻㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼔㼑㼚㼛㼙㼑㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻘㻌
㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼛㼟㼠㼙㼛㼐㼑㼞㼚㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼘㼕㼠㼑㼞㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻕㻚㻌㻌㻲㼕㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼑㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼍㻙㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼛㼏㼏㼡㼜㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼔㼍㼘㼒㻌㼍㻌㼙㼕㼘㼘㼑㼚㼚㼕㼍㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼙㼑㼠㼍㻙
㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼍㻙㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼣㼕㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼎㼍㼟㼠㼍㼞㼐㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㼓㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㼟㻚㻌㻌㻌
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98㻌㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼣㼑㻌㼕㼐㼛㼘㼕㼦㼑㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻵㻌㼔㼍㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼣㼑㻌㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼡㼚㼍㼙㼎㼕㼓㼡㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌
㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼘㼛㼒㼠㼥㻌 㼍㼙㼎㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼚㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼚㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼚㼑㻌
㻳㼛㼐㻚㻌㻌㻻㼚㼑㻌㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻻㼚㼑㻌㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻻㼚㼑㻌㼒㼡㼚㼐㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㻚㻌㻌
㻻㼚㼑㻌 㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼚㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼛㼕㼘㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼛㼚㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼝㼡㼕㼞㼗㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼞㼍㼚㼚㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㼠㼥㻍㻌 㻌 㼀㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻦㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㻴㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌 㻱㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼎㼛㼕㼘㻌 㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼟㼛㻌
㼙㼍㼚㼥㻍㻌 㻌 㼀㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻧㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼑㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻧㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌
142 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼟㼑㼑㻌㼍㼚㻌㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼟㼛㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼑㼥㼑㼟㻌㼜㼑㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻍㻌㻌㼀㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㻘㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌
㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼟㼗㼑㼐㻘㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼒㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼟㼗㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㼀㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌 䇵㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻧㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㻴㼑㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻫㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼏㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼔㼥㼜㼛㼏㼞㼕㼠㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼑㼟㼜㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼟㼔㻘㻌 㼟㼜㼛㼡㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼙㼑㼟㼟㼍㼓㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼑㼍㼏㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌㼒㼡㼏㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼣㼛㼙㼑㼚㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼚㼛㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻸㼕㼗㼑㻌㼙㼑㻘㻌㻴㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼠㼣㼛㻙
㼒㼍㼏㼑㼐㻘㻌㻴㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼣㼛㻙㼎㼛㼐㼕㼑㼐㻚㻌

99㻌 㻌 㻵䇻㼐㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼐㼐㼞㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼑㻌 㻲㼍㼘㼘㼍㼏㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㻭㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㻿㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼕㼠㼥㻘䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌 㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼘㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼒㼍㼘㼘㼍㼏㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㻔㼥㼑㼟㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌㼒㼍㼘㼘㼍㼏㼥㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌㼏㼍㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌
㼕㼠㻌 䇾㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼘㼍㼏㼕㼑㼟䇿㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼏㼘㼑㼢㼑㼞㻕㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼘㼍㼏㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼕㼠㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻙
㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼎㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼑㼍㼟㼕㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼞㼑㼐㼡㼏㼑㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㼠㼥㻌㼛㼞㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻵䇻㼐㻌
㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㼠㼥㻘㻌㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼕㼟㼙㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼍㼏㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌 㼐㼑㼍㼘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㼕㼟㼙㻌㼕㼚㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㼕㼟㼙㻌㼕㼟㻌㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌㼍㼚㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼙㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼕㼟㼙㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻵㻌㼐㼕㼟㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼕㼟㼙㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼒㻘㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌㼝㼡㼍㼚㼠㼡㼙㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼚㼏㼕㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌
㼞㼑㼏㼛㼚㼏㼕㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼏㼔㼑㼙㼕㼟㼠㼞㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼚㼏㼕㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 143
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㼎㼕㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼚㼏㼕㼘㼑㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼚㼑㼡㼞㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌
㼞㼑㼏㼛㼚㼏㼕㼘㼑㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼜㼟㼥㼏㼔㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㼏㼕㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻌 㼘㼕㼙㼕㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼠㼔㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼍㼞㼑㼍㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼒㼑㼘㼘㻌㼟㼣㼛㼛㼜㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼟㼑㼑㼙㻌㼟㼠㼑㼞㼑㼛㼠㼥㼜㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㻌㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼎㼑㼍㼞㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻌
䇾㻵㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻚䇿㻌
䇾㻴㼛㼣㻌㼙㼡㼏㼔㻫䇿㻌
䇾㼀㼔㼞㼑㼑㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌㼡㼚㼕㼠㼟䇻㻌㼣㼛㼞㼠㼔㻚䇿㻌㻌
㻱㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼝㼡㼍㼚㼠㼕㼒㼥㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㻔㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼞㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼑䇻㼐㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼞㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼡㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌
㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼝㼡㼍㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 䇾㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼖㼡㼕㼏㼑䇿㻌 㻙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼑㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼏㼔㼑㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼚㼐㼡㼏㼑㻌㼍㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㻘㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼦㼑㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼞㼍㼕㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼦㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼛㼐㼥㻌㻙㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼑䇻㼐㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌
㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼣㼑䇻㼐㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼝㼡㼍㼚㼠㼕㼒㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼚㼢㼕㼞㼛㼚㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌
㼞㼑㼙㼑㼙㼎㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼑㼟㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼡㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼖㼡㼕㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌 㼝㼡㼍㼚㼠㼕㼒㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻕㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼡㼞㼍㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼛㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌
㻴㼑㼞㼑䇻㼟㻌㼣㼔㼥㻦㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼟㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌
㼟㼑㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼔㼑㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼞㼑㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼍㻌㼐㼕㼟㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌
㼙㼍㼥㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼍㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌㼒㼑㼣㻌㼏㼔㼑㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼑㼙㼕㼠㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌
㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼑㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㼟㻌
䇺㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓䇻㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼏㼔㼑㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼡㼏㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼟㼑㼚㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻫㻌 㻌 㻴㼍㼢㼑㻌 㻵㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼜㼜㼑㼐㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼒㼑㻌
㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㻵䇻㼙㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌㼑㼚㼓㼞㼛㼟㼟㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼢㼕㼐㼑㼛㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻫㻌㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌
㼚㼛㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼣㼔㼛㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼝㼡㼍㼚㼠㼕㼒㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼑㼍㼟㼡㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌
144 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼠㼑㼏㼔㼚㼕㼏㼕㼍㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼜㼜㼑㼐㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻚䇿㻌㻌

㻭㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻦㻌 㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼗㼟㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼑㼤㻙
㼓㼕㼞㼘㼒㼞㼕㼑㼚㼐㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼜㼘㼥㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼕㼐㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌
㼕㼚㼒㼍㼠㼡㼍㼠㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼏㼔㼚㼕㼏㼕㼍㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼕㼠㼛㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼥㻌
㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼑㼤㻙㼓㼕㼞㼘㼒㼞㼕㼑㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 䇾㻺㼛㻘㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼔㼍㼐㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼖㼡㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌
㼠㼑㼏㼔㼚㼕㼏㼕㼍㼚㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 䇺㼘㼛㼢㼑䇻㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼘㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻭㼐㼙㼕㼠㼠㼑㼐㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼞㼚㻙㼐㼍㼥㻌 㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼟㼑㼑㼙㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㻌㼗㼕㼚㼗㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼙㼥㻌㼞㼑㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼕㼟㼙㻚㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼕㼟㼙㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㻌
㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼞㼑㼍㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼞㼚㻙㼐㼍㼥㻌 㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼚㼛㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼝㼡㼍㼘㼙㼟㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㻔㻵㻌㼐㼛㻘㻌㼔㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼝㼡㼍㼘㼙㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼝㼡㼍㼚㼠㼡㼙㻌 㼙㼑㼏㼔㼍㼚㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌
㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㼜㼕㼏㻕㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼒㼒㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 䇾㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓䇿㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼑㼤㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼥㼛㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼚㼑㼠㼔㼑㼘㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼞㻌
㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼎㼞㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼠㼞㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻌 㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻰㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌 㼙㼑㻘㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼐㼛㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼛㻘㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼐㼑㼝㼡㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌
㼠㼛㼛㼘㼟㻘㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼍㼎㼘㼑㻚䇿㻌
㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼣㼛㻌 㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼏㼞㼕㼠㼕㼏㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼕㼙㼟㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼒㼒㼑㼏㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼘㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼟㼥㼏㼔㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌
㼠㼑㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼟㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻘㻌
㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼒㼒㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼑㼞㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌
㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼜㼔㼑㼚㼛㼙㼑㼚㼍㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼟㼑㼏㼛㼚㼐㻌㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 145
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㼙㼥㻌 㼏㼞㼕㼠㼕㼏㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻦㻌 㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼛㼞㻌㼐㼑㼙㼑㼍㼚㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙
㼝㼡㼍㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼐㼛㻘㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼔㼍㼐㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼟㼟㼡㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼍㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 䇾㼘㼛㼢㼑䇿㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼏㼔㼚㼕㼏㼕㼍㼚㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼟㼡㼞㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚䇻㼟㻌
㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㻵㻌
㼐㼛㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼒㼕㼟㼔㼚㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼟㼡㼕㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼔㼍㼜㼜㼕㼚㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㻳㼛㼐㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻲㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㼙㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼑㼙㼑㼍㼚㼛㼞㼟㻘㻌
㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼟㼠㻘㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㼘㼍㼜㼜㼕㼚㼓㻧㻌㼍㻌㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼙㼥㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼓㼛㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼘㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼞㼑㼍㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼙㼥㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻍㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼍㼠㼠㼞㼕㼎㼡㼠㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼢㼍㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌
㼑㼒㼒㼑㼏㼠㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌㼒㼍㼕㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌㼕㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻘㻌
㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼕㼟㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼛㼚㼑㻙㼠㼛㻙㼛㼚㼑㻌㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼑㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼓㼞㼛㼡㼜㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼔㼑㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼔㼑㼚㼛㼙㼑㼚㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼕㼢㼕㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㼚㻘㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻮㼡㼠㻌㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㼛㻌㼍㼎㼟㼠㼞㼍㼏㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㻌㼏㼞㼑㼐㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻿㼛㻌 㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼏㼗㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼑㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼑㼚㼢㼕㼞㼛㼚㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼟㼡㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼑㼚㼢㼕㼞㼛㼚㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼞㼑㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼘㼑㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑䇻㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼞㼑㼍㼐㼥㻌 㼐㼑㼍㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼑㼙㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼟㼑㼚㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼠㼕㼏㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼑㼙㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼗㼑㼑㼜㻌 㼕㼚㻌
146 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼏㼞㼕㼠㼕㼏㼕㼟㼙㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼎㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼤㼠㼑㼞㼚㼍㼘㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻚㻌
㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼑㼙㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻧㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌
㼜㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼍㼎㼕㼐㼑㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼣㻌㼛㼒㻌㼓㼞㼍㼢㼕㼠㼥㻫㻌㻌㻵㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼜㼑㼑㼐㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼕㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼞㼍㼢㼑㼘㼟㻘㻌㼐㼕㼢㼕㼐㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼔㼡㼞㼠㻫㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼍㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌㼥㼑㼟㻧㻌㼚㼑㼞㼢㼑㻌㼕㼙㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㼟㻌㼐㼛㻌㼠㼞㼍㼢㼑㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼑㼞㼢㼛㼡㼟㻌
㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌㼍㻌㼎㼕㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼜㼕㼚㼍㼘㻌㼏㼛㼞㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼎㼞㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼍㼙㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼁㼚㼒㼛㼞㼠㼡㼚㼍㼠㼑㼘㼥㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼞㼢㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌㼠㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㼟㻚㻌㻌㻲㼕㼞㼟㼠㼘㼥㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌
㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼘㼛㼏㼍㼘㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻚㻌㻌㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻦㻌㻌
䇾㻵㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌㼜㼍㼕㼚㻚䇿㻌㻌
䇾㼃㼔㼑㼞㼑㻫䇿㻌
䇾㻴㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㻚䇿㻌
㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑䇻㼟㻌㼍㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼛㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼔㼑㼞㼑㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼚㼛㼣㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻦㻌
䇾㻵㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌㼐㼑㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼑㼐㻚䇿㻌
䇾㼃㼔㼑㼞㼑㻫䇿㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㻘㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌㼏㼔㼑㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼞㼑㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌
㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌㼁㼚㼒㼛㼞㼠㼡㼚㼍㼠㼑㼘㼥㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌
㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼔㼑㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㼙㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼛㻌
㼝㼡㼕㼎㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼑㼘㼠㻌㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼙㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼐㼛㼚㼑㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼠㼞㼍㼢㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌
㼟㼛㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼢㼑㼘㼑㼐㻫㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 147
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㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼕㼎㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼑㼘㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼙㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼠㼞㼍㼢㼑㼘㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼞㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻲㼛㼞㻌㼍㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌
㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼚㼑㼞㼢㼑㻌㼕㼙㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼍㻌㼟㼘㼑㼑㼜㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼞㼕㼏㼗㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㼘㼑㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌㼍㼚㼑㼟㼠㼔㼑㼟㼕㼍㻚㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼑㼏㼔㼚㼕㼏㼕㼍㼚㻌
㼐㼑㼠㼑㼏㼠㼟㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼍㼘㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼞㼢㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼏㼔㼚㼕㼏㼕㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼠㼑㼏㼔㼚㼕㼏㼕㼍㼚㻌 㼓㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼍㼏㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼙㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻿㼛㼙㼑㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌
㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼎㼛㼠㼔㻚㻌㻌㼃㼕㼠㼔㻌㼚㼛㻌
㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼣㼛㻘㻌
㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻚㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌㼍㻌㼟㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌㼏㼞㼕㼠㼕㼏㼕㼟㼙㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌㻌
㻵㼠㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼟㼑㼑㼙㻌㼠㼛㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㻙㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻦㻌㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌 㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌
㼞㼑㼐㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌 㼔㼛㼘㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌 㼑㼠㼏㻚㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼔㼛㼘㼐㻌㼚㼛㻌㼍㼐㼢㼍㼚㼠㼍㼓㼑㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼕㼠㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼏㼏㼡㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌㼛㼞㻘㻌㼐㼍㼞㼑㻌㻵㻌
㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 㻔㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻘㻌㼔㼑㼍㼐㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻕㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼍㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌
㼞㼍㼐㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼟㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㼟㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼏㼍㼠㼑㼓㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻘㻌
㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼚㼠㻌㼗㼕㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼎㼘㼍㼏㼗㻌㼔㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㻯㼍㼘㼕㼒㼛㼞㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌㼚㼛㼡㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼙㼛㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼞㼎㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㻶㼡㼜㼕㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㻌
㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼙㼛㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼥㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌
148 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼟㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼐㼑㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌

㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼟㼔㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌
㼍㼞㼞㼍㼚㼓㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼔㼛㼚㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻫㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼎㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼍㼕㼘㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㻌㼒㼡㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌㼕㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼕㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㻌㼛㼚㻌㼘㼕㼙㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼝㼡㼍㼘㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌 㼘㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼡㼙㼑㼞㼍㼎㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼘㼍㼏㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌
㻌
100㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼞㼕㼠㼕㼏㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼠㼍㼗㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼞㼕㼠㼕㼏㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼞㼕㼠㼕㼏㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌
㼙㼕㼟㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼏㼞㼕㼠㼕㼏㼕㼟㼙㻌㼕㼟㻌㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌
㼣㼔㼛㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻘㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼘㼍㼏㼥㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻸㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼛㼕㼏㼑㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼑㼚㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼞㼕㼟㼑㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼞㼚㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼏㼔㼑㼙㼕㼟㼠㼞㼥㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌
㼏㼔㼑㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 䇵㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼏㼔㼑㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼣㼔㼛㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼙㼕㼟㼍㼜㼜㼘㼥㻌㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼓㼑㼠㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㼘㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌
㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼏㼔㼑㼙㼕㼏㼍㼘㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㼘㼥㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㻚㻌㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼡㼟㻌
䇾㼟㼛㼎㼑㼞㻌㼡㼜㻘䇿 㼍㼟㻌㻺㼕㼑㼠㼦㼟㼏㼔㼑㻌㼜㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠㻘64㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼙㼜㼔㼍㼟㼕㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌
㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼡㼟㻌㼐㼕㼟㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼘㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻸㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼓㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌

64
Nietzsche, Friedrich. The Gay Science. New York, NY: Vintage Books. 1974.
§57.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 149
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㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼍㼘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌

㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼞㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㼟㻌
㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼚㼐㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼡㼐㼥㻌 㼒㼍㼕㼘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼐㼑㼝㼡㼍㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼜㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼎㼑㼍㼡㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼠㼕㼟㼒㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼣㼑㼘㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼚㻙㼕㼚㼢㼛㼘㼢㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㼍㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼕㼐㼑㼘㼥㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼟㼔㼛㼞㼠㼏㼛㼙㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌䇵㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼟㼔㼛㼞㼠㼏㼛㼙㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼙㼕㼟㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼒㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌䇵㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼑㼙㼜㼔㼍㼟㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌
㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼡㼚㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌㼍㼞㼑㼍㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼘㼕㼢㼑㼟㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌
㻿㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼔㼍㼙㼙㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼍㼕㼚㼠㻌㼍㻌㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻘㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼍㻌㼟㼘㼛㼜㼜㼥㻌㼜㼍㼕㼚㼠㻌㼖㼛㼎㻚㻌㻌㻌

101㻌 㻵㻌 㼑㼚㼏㼛㼡㼞㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼐㻌 㻸㼡㼐㼣㼕㼓㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌

䇾㻸㼑㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㻱㼠㼔㼕㼏㼟䇿65㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼜㼍㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼘㼘㼕㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼛㼡䇻㼘㼘㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌
㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡䇻㼘㼘㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼒㼍㼏㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼏㼕㼠㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌
㼗㼑㼑㼜㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼑㼢㼛㼡㼠㻌 㻯㼔㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼍㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌
㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵䇻㼐㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼛㻌㼕㼟㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㻌
㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑㻘㻌 㼓㼛㼐㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻘㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌
㼍㼐㼙㼕㼠㼠㼑㼐㼘㼥㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼐㼕㼟㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑䇻㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌

65
Wittgenstein, Ludwig, and Kenny Anthony ed. “Lecture on Ethics,” The
Wittgenstein Reader. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. 1994.
150 The Absurdity of Philosophy
㻌

㼛㼒㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㻔㼕㼒㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻕㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㻳㼛㼐㻌㼔㼕㼙㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼚㼛㻘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼡㼜㼞㼑㼙㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㻳㼛㼐䇻㼟㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼕㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻾㼑㼒㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻌 㼔㼕㼙㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼞㼑㼒㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼑㼠㻌㻳㼛㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼐㼛㻌㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼜㼑㼞㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㻌㼍㼟㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌㼍㼟㻌㻵㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻝㻕㻌
㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼐㼕㼢㼕㼐㼡㼍㼘㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㼘㼥㻘㻌㻞㻕㻌
㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼕㼚㼐㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼙㼍㼐㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㻌㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼛㼛㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼑㼙㼜㼘㼛㼥㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼛㼡㼠㼞㼍㼓㼑㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌㼓㼞㼍㼥㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌㼟㼛㻌㼑㼤㼠㼞㼑㼙㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼕㼏㼡㼘㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㻙㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡䇻㼞㼑㻌
㼟㼕㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㻔㼏㼡㼘㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㼘㼥㻕㻌 㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼕㼙㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻔㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻺㼍㼦㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼐㼑㼎㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼛㼚㻌
㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌㻌 㼀㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㻵㻌㼙㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻚㻕㻌㻌㻵㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼎㼑㻌 㼑㼙㼜㼘㼛㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼠㼞㼑㼙㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼞㼍㼜㼑㻌 㻔㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌
㼟㼠㼑㼞㼑㼛㼠㼥㼜㼕㼏㼍㼘㻕㻘㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㼍㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼑㼤㼠㼞㼑㼙㼑㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼑㼍㼟㼕㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㼘㼥㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㼍㼟㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼙㼡㼐㼐㼕㼑㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㼟㻚㻌
㻯㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼓㼙㼍㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼚㼛㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼠㼍㼜㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌
㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼚㼛㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼑㼤㼍㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼛㼘㼘㼟㼠㼑㼞㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㻲㼞㼍㼚㼗㻌
㻸㼡㼚㼠㼦㻌㼞㼑㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻦㻌 㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼞㼑㼍㼏㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼛㼞㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌
㼕㼚㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻾㼑㼜㼡㼎㼘㼕㼏㼍㼚㼟㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 151
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㼣㼍㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻱㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼀㼍㼤㻌 㻮㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻰㼑㼍㼠㼔㻌 㼀㼍㼤㻌 㻮㼕㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼕㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㻸㼡㼚㼠㼦䇻㼟㻌
㼔㼍㼚㼐㼕㼣㼛㼞㼗㻚66㻌㻌㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼎㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌䇾㻻㼔㻘㻌
㼥㼑㼍㼔㻘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼍㼤㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻘㻌㼞㼕㼏㼔㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼚㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼑㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼠㼍㼤㼑㼐㻘䇿㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㼃㼔㼍㼠㻍㻫㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼛㼢㼑㼞㼚㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼍㼤㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼓㼞㼕㼑㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼍㼙㼕㼘㼕㼑㼟㻫㻌 㻌 㻲㼡㼏㼗㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼙㻚㻌㻌㻲㼡㼏㼗㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼡㼏㼗㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼎㼕㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼣㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼕㼠㻚䇿㻌㻌
㻭㼓㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼎㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼚㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼚㼍㼙㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼘㼕㼑㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼎㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼓㼑㼠㻌
㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼕㼢㼑㼐㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼎㼕㼘㼘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻹㼍㼚㼥㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼒㼑㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼚㼚㼛㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼑㼙㼎㼑㼐㼐㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼕㼚㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼣㼑䇻㼢㼑㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻻㼒㻌㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌㼚㼛㼎㼛㼐㼥㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼏㼛㼘㼘㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌
㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼑㼘㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼍㼖㼛㼞㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼥㻌
㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼐㼕㼢㼕㼐㼡㼍㼘㻦㻌㻌㼚㼛㼎㼛㼐㼥㻌
㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼓㼞㼑㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㼚㼥㼛㼚㼑㻌㼑㼘㼟㼑㻌㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌㼔㼑㼍㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼛㼞㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌
㼛㼞㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼞㼛㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼔㼕㼟㻌䇾㻸㼑㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼚㻌㻱㼠㼔㼕㼏㼟㻘䇿㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㼟㻦㻌
㻌㻌

66
“For years, political people and lawyers - who, by the way, are the worst
communicators - used the phrase ‘estate tax.’ And for years they couldn't eliminate it.
The public wouldn't support it because the word "estate" sounds wealthy. Someone
like me comes around and realizes that it's not an estate tax, it's a death tax,
because you're taxed at death. And suddenly something that isn't viable achieves the
support of 75 percent of the American people. It's the same tax, but nobody really
knows what an estate is. But they certainly know what it means to be taxed when you
die. I argue that is a clarification; that's not an obfuscation.” Luntz, Frank. "Interview
with Frank Luntz." Frontline: The Persuaders 15 Dec 2003.
<http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/persuaders/interviews/luntz.html>.
152 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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䇾㻵㼒㻚㻚㻚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼙㼡㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌
㼐㼑㼠㼍㼕㼘㼟㻌㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼟㼥㼏㼔㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼑㼞㼑㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼠㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻚㻚㻌㻌㻯㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼡㼟㻌㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌㼞㼍㼓㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼑㼙㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌㼞㼍㼓㼑㻌㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼙㼡㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌
㼕㼚㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼔㼑㼍㼞㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㼟㻘㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㼟㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼚㼛㻌㻱㼠㼔㼕㼏㼟㻚䇿㻌67 㻌㻌
㻌
㻴㼑㻌 㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼣㼑㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌
㼍㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㼑㼟㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼞㼑㼘㼕㼓㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼛㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌㼟㼠㼡㼐㼥㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㼣㼕㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼟㼡㼙㼙㼍㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㼟㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌
㼑㼤㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㻔㻵䇻㼙㻌㼟㼡㼞㼑㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼑㼤㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼠㼛㼛㻘㻌㻵㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼍㼚㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻚㻕㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼡㼙㼙㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㼐㻌
㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼑㼤㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼡㼚㼣㼕㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㼘㼥㻘㻌㼟㼛㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼎㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼡㼜㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌㼍㼟㻌㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㻙㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼍㼕㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼟㼠㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼐㼙㼕㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼞㼑㼖㼛㼕㼏㼕㼚㼓㻍㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼜㼑㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼍㻌
㼙㼕㼟㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼐㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼛㼟㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼑䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌㼡㼜㻚㻌

67
Wittgenstein, Ludwig, and Kenny Anthony ed. “Lecture on Ethics,” The
Wittgenstein Reader. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. 1994. Page 291.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 153
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㻮㼑㼟㼕㼐㼑㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼥㻌㼟㼑㼏㼛㼚㼐㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼞㼑㼟㼠㼞㼕㼏㼠㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌䇾㼏㼔㼍㼛㼟䇿㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼑㼚㼟㼡㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼐㼕㼢㼕㼐㼡㼍㼘㻚㻌㻌
㻸㼑㼠䇻㼟㻌㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌㼍㼠㻌㼞㼍㼜㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌㼔㼑㼍㼞㼐㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼏㼍㼞㼑㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㼞㼍㼜㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㼀㼛㻌㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㻌㼟㼑㼤㼡㼍㼘㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌
㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼑㼤㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼛㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼚㼐㼟㻌
㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 䇾㼚㼛㼚㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼠䇿㻌 㼑㼤㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻘㻌
䇾㻿㼠㼍㼠㼡㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼞㼍㼜㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼍㼜㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼑㼠㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼢㼕㼛㼘㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㼐㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼠㼡㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼞㼍㼜㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼞㼍㼜㼑㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼕㼚㼛㼞㼟㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼘㼑㼓㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼟㼑㼤㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㼟䇻㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼡㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼞㼍㼜㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻘㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌
㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼟㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼞㼍㼜㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻲㼛㼞㻌㼙㼑㻘㻌
㼕㼠㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼒㼍㼞㻌㼠㼛㼛㻌㼥㼛㼡㼚㼓㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼑㼐㼛㼜㼔㼕㼘㼕㼍㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼤㻌
㼛㼡㼠㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼍㼞㼞㼕㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌
㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼤㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼤㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌
㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼤㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻘㻌
㼔㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼍㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼡㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼞㼍㼜㼑㻌㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㼐㻌㼟㼑㼤㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼏㼍㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌㼞㼍㼜㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼡㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼞㼍㼜㼑㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼟㼑㼜㼍㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌㼏㼔㼍㼞㼓㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌
㼅㼑㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼞㼍㼜㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼢㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼓㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼚㼛㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼏㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼍㼜㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼑㼞㼓㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼠㼣㼛㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼟㻦㻌 㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼕㼙㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼑㼜㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌
154 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼕㼠㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼕㼢㼕㼐㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㼟㻌

㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼕㼢㼕㼐㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼚㼑㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌㼐㼕㼏㼠㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌
㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻵㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼓㼛㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼒㼍㼞㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌 㻌㻵㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼚㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼛㼙㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻯㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻦㻌 㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼍㼜㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼜㼍㼕㼞㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼛㼞㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼜㼍㼕㼞㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㼐㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌㼙㼑㻧㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼕㼠㻌㼍㼚㼥㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌㻌㻺㼛㼣㻌㼘㼑㼠䇻㼟㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻦㻌㻌䇾㻵㻌
㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼍㼜㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼍㼜㼜㼕㼚㼑㼟㼟㻚䇿㻌㻌㻺㼛㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼔㼍㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼐㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌㼣㼑䇻㼢㼑㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌㼞㼑㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㼐㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼜㼞㼑㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼚㼛㼡㼚㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㼅㼑㼠㻘㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼍㼜㼜㼕㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌
㼞㼍㼜㼑㼐㻌 㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼕㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼞㼍㼜㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌䇺㼞㼍㼜㼑䇻㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼓㼞㼍㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㼐㼑㼑㼐㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼓㼞㼍㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼟㼛㼏㼕㼑㼠㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼒㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼑㼓㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼗㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼍㼠㻌
㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌
䇾㻵䇻㼙㻌㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼚㼍㼙㼑㻌㼙㼥㻌㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻌㻾㼍㼜㼑㻚㻌㻌㻾㼍㼜㼑㻌㻿㼙㼕㼠㼔㻚䇿㻌
䇾㼁㼔㻌䇵㻌㼐㼛㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻫䇿㻌
㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼚㼍㼙㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌
㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻦㻌 㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑䇻㼢㼑㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼍㼜㼜㼘㼥㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌
㻴㼑㼞㼑䇻㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㻦㻌 㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼙㼑㼠㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼚㼍㼙㼑㼐㻌 㻾㼍㼜㼑㻌 㻿㼙㼕㼠㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼓㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼕㼚㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌㼕㼙㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 155
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㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼡㼞㼜㼞㼕㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻘㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼒㼛㼞㼠㼡㼚㼍㼠㼑㻘䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻘㻌

㼍㼟㻌 㼒㼍㼞㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼞㼚㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㻌
㼏㼕㼞㼏㼡㼙㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼛㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌
㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼕㼢㼕㼐㼡㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌
㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼝㼡㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼐㼑㼞㼕㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼝㼡㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼕㼢㼕㼐㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼑㼕㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌㼕㼙㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㻚㻌㻌㻲㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼟㼛㼏㼕㼑㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼡㼘㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼜㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼐㼑㼟㼜㼞㼑㼍㼐㻌
㼠㼞㼑㼚㼐㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㻌㼏㼛㼐㼑㻧㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼛㻌
㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼕㼚㼐㼕㼢㼕㼐㼡㼍㼘㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼠㼞㼑㼚㼐㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼜㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼜㻌㻔㼛㼞㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌
㼐㼕㼒㼒㼕㼏㼡㼘㼠㻘㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻕㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌㼒㼍㼕㼞㼘㼥㻌㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㻌
㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼡㼙㼙㼍㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼣㼍㼞㼞㼍㼚㼠㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼘㼍㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼑㼤㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼏㼏㼡㼞㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼞㼍㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㼍㼟㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼕㼟㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼢㼍㼞㼕㼍㼎㼘㼑㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼞㼛㼏㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌
㻴㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼔㼥㻌㼢㼍㼞㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼤㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼕㼚㼑㼢㼕㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻦㻌㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻚㻌㻌㼀㼛㻌㼝㼡㼛㼠㼑㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌㼘㼑㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼚㻌㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼟㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻦㻌㻌㻌
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䇾㼀㼔㼡㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌
䇺㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠䇻㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼘㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌䇺㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠䇻㻌㼕㼚㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼠㼞㼕㼢㼕㼍㼘㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌㼕㼠㻓㼟㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 䇺㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌 㼒㼑㼘㼘㼛㼣㻘䇻㻌 㼍㼘㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌
䇺㼓㼛㼛㼐䇻㻌㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚㻓㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌
䇺㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼒㼛㼛㼠㼎㼍㼘㼘㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼞㻘䇻㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌
㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇺㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼚㻓㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌
156 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼢㼍㼘㼡㼍㼎㼘㼑䇻㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼢㼍㼘㼡㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼖㼑㼣㼑㼘㼞㼥㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼎㼑㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼚㼍㼘㼛㼓㼥㻚㻚㻚㻌㼀㼔㼡㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻚㻚㻚㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼟㼑㼑㼙㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼑㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼕㼒㻌㻵㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌㼍㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㻌㼎㼥㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼞㼛㼜㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼑㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻺㼛㼣㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌
㼟㼛㼛㼚㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼞㼛㼜㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼒㼍㼏㼠㼟㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼎㼑㼔㼕㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌
㼒㼍㼏㼠㼟㻚䇿㻌68 㻌
㻌
㻸㼑㼠㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼍㼟㼟㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㻴㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼔㼍㼜㼜㼥㻘䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼟㼗㻘㻌 䇾㻴㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻫䇿㻌 㻌 㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼐㻘㻌
䇾㻮㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼔㼑㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㼟㻌㼔㼍㼜㼜㼥㻘䇿㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼘㼕㼟㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼕㼚㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼥㻘䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼟㼗㼑㼐㻘㻌
䇾㻴㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻫䇿㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌
䇾㻮㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㻵㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼥㻘䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌
㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㻴㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼒㼛㼛㼠㼎㼍㼘㼘㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼞㻘䇿㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌
㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼎㼛㼕㼘㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼝㼡㼍㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼍㼞㼕㼟㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㼍㼟㻘㻌 䇾㻴㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼒㼑㼘㼘㼛㼣㻘䇿㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻚㻌
㻮㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼠㼞㼕㼏㼗㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌
㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㻚㻌㻌䇾㻭㼘㼘㻌㼞㼍㼜㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼎㼍㼐㻘䇿㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㻌㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌
㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼞㼍㼜㼑㻌 㼍㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼕㼢㼕㼐㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼎㼟㼛㼘㼡㼠㼑㻚㻌㻌㻮㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼍㼜㼑㻘㻌
㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼍㼘㼗㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌

68
Wittgenstein, Ludwig, and Kenny Anthony ed. “Lecture on Ethics,” The
Wittgenstein Reader. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. 1994. Page 294.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 157
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㼘㼛㼛㼗㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼔㼥㼜㼛㼠㼔㼑㼟㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌

㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼑㼟㼠㼑㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼒㼍㼘㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼎㼞㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌
㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼞㼑㼍㼗㻌㼕㼠㻌㼐㼛㼣㼚㻘㻌㼞㼑㼚㼐㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㻌㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻘㻌
㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼥㼜㼛㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻘㻌 䇾㻭㼘㼘㻌 㼟㼣㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼣㼔㼕㼠㼑䇿㻌㻔㼒㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻭㼡㼟㼠㼞㼍㼘㼕㼍㼚㻌㼎㼘㼍㼏㼗㻌㼟㼣㼍㼚㻕㻘㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼎㼞㼑㼍㼗㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼐㼛㼣㼚㻚㻌

102㻌㻌㼃㼔㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㻵㻌㼔㼑㼍㼞㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌㼍㼚㼠㼕㻙㼢㼡㼘㼓㼍㼞㼕㼠㼥㻌䇵㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼠㼍㼘㼗㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌
䇾㼠㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼎㼍㼏㼗䇿㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌䇺㼚㼕㼓㼓㼑㼞䇻㻌䇵㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼣㼔㼕㼠㼑㻌
㼓㼡㼥㻫㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㻌㼟㼙㼍㼞㼠㻘㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻫㻌㻌䇾㼀㼔㼑㼥䇻㼞㼑㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻧㻌㼟㼛㼡㼚㼐㼟㻌㼣㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼘㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌
㻵㼒㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥䇻㼞㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼕㼞㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼘㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌
㼡㼟㼑㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌䇺㼚㼕㼓㼓㼑㼞䇻㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼕㼠㼑㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌㼣㼔㼕㼠㼑㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌
䇾㼣㼔㼕㼠㼑㻌㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞䇿㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌䇾㻴㼑㼕㼘㻌㻴㼕㼠㼘㼑㼞㻚䇿㻌㻌㻌
㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼑㼚㼟㼕㼠㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㻸㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼠㼞㼑㼚㼐㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼠㼞㼑㼚㼐㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼙㼛㼢㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼍㼢㼛㼕㼐㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼎㼍㼘㻌
㼑㼠㼕㼝㼡㼑㼠㼠㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼍㼘㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼎㼛㼣㼑㼘㻌 㼙㼛㼢㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼠㼍㼡㼞㼍㼚㼠㻘 㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 䇾㼎㼛㼙㼎䇿㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼚㼑㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼐㼑㼍㼐㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㼐㻌㼛㼚㼑㼟㻘㻌㼑㼠㼏㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼠㼍㼕㼘㼟㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼣㼔㼥㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㼒㼑㼚㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼒㼒㼑㼚㼟㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌㻌
158 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼃㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌 㼎㼑㼥㼛㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻘㻌
㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼘㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻓㼢㼑㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻓㼢㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼔㼑㼞㼕㼠㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 䇾㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼎㼍㼏㼗䇿㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 䇾㻴㼑㼕㼘㻌 㻴㼕㼠㼘㼑㼞䇿㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻓㼞㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌㼍㼣㼍㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌
㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼔㼕㼚㼑㻌㼍㻌㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼕㼠㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌䇺㼚㼕㼓㼓㼑㼞㻘䇻㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼒㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼎㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼛㼘㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌
㼡㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻼㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼠㼛㼛㻌㼛㼘㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌㼍㼒㼒㼑㼏㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 䇾㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㼍㼎㼘㼑䇿㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㼀㼑㼚㻌 㼥㼑㼍㼞㼟㻫㻌㻌
㻲㼕㼒㼠㼥㻫㻌 㻌 㼀㼣㼛㻙㼔㼡㼚㼐㼞㼑㼐㻫㻌 㻌㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㼒㼒㼑㼏㼠㼟㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼚㼚㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼘㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌 䇾㼀㼕㼙㼛㼠㼔㼥㻌 㻹㼏㼂㼑㼕㼓㼔㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌
㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼥㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㻻㼗㼘㼍㼔㼛㼙㼍㻌 㻯㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼎㼛㼙㼎㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 䇾㻻㼔㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㻹㼏㼂㼑㼕㼓㼔㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌
㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌 䇺㼚㼕㼓㼓㼑㼞㻘䇻㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㻘㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼟㼘㼍㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㼂㼛㼕㼏㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼠㼕㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌
㻹㼏㼂㼑㼕㼓㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼡㼚㼏㼔㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻫㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑䇻㼟㻌
㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌㼟㼗㼑㼣㼑㼐㻧㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼍㼜㼜㼘㼥㻌㼕㼠㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻘㻌䇾㼃㼑㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼛㼒㼒㻌㼟㼑㼓㼞㼑㼓㼍㼠㼑㼐㻘䇿㻌㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌䇾㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼒㼛㼞㼑㼒㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㻭㼙㼑㼞㼕㼏㼍㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌㼞㼑㼠㼍㼞㼐㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼐㼢㼛㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 159
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㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌㼟㼜㼑㼑㼏㼔㻚䇿㻌㻌㻮㼛㼠㼔㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼕㼟㼟㼡㼑㼟㻌㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼒㼕㼒㼠㼥㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼣㼛㻙㼔㼡㼚㼐㼞㼑㼐㻌㼥㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌㼍㼓㼛㻘㻌㼞㼑㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻚㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㻌 㼎㼥㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㻲㼞㼕㼑㼐㼞㼕㼏㼔㻌 㻺㼕㼑㼠㼦㼟㼏㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼞㼙㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌
㼚㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼚㼕㼔㼕㼘㼕㼟㼙㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌
㼙㼍㼚㼡㼒㼍㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼐㼑㼢㼕㼏㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼘㼘㼑㼓㼕㼠㼕㼙㼍㼠㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼛㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼒㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼡㼞㼍㼓㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻧㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼞㼞㼕㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼢㼡㼘㼓㼍㼞㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼑㼑㻙㼞㼑㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼏㼕㼟㼑㼘㼥㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼎㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼙㻌㼐㼛㼣㼚㻧㻌
㼡㼚㼘㼑㼍㼟㼔㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼍㼒㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㼒㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼛㼠㼍㼘㻌㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㼣㼕㼟㼑㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼢㼡㼘㼓㼍㼞㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼢㼡㼘㼓㼍㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼘㼘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 䇾㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘䇿㻌 㻔㼚㼛㼚㻙
㼙㼍㼚㼙㼍㼐㼑㻧㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼞㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼕㼍㼘㻧㻌 㼚㼍㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㻧㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻧㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㻕㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼞㻌
㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌 㼎㼑㼔㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼕㼐㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼛㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻧㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌
㼐㼍㼠㼍㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼛㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼍㼠㼍㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼐㼕㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㼕㼚㼓㻧㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼕㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼘㼛㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼣㼛㼞㼗㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻌
㼃㼑㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻌㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㼚㻌㼛㼐㼐㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼍㼞㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼕㼟㻌㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼕㼐㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌
㻾㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼑㼜㼕㼠㼛㼙㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㻰㼑㼟㼏㼍㼞㼠㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼔㼕㼟㻌䇾㼕㼞㼞㼑㼒㼡㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑䇿㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌䇾㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻚䇿㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌
160 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㻯㼍㼞㼠㼑㼟㼕㼍㼚㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌

㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼜㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼞㼞㼑㼒㼡㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼟㼑㼜㼍㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻚㻌

103㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼐㼑㼎㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 䇾㼟㼑㼙㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼟㻘䇿㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼣㼚㻌

㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼛㼘㼢㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼘㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼑㼘㼟㼑㻧㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼞㼓㼍㼚㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼞㼑㼢㼑㼍㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼒㼛㼞㼙㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌
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104 㻵㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㼟㻘㻌㼕㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㻘㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼟㻌㼍㼞㼕㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼣㼑㻌㼎㼑㻌
㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼛㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼠㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㻌㼕㼟㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼚㼛㻌 㼑㼤㼏㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼛㼘㼐㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌
㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼜㼟㼥㼏㼔㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻘㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼠㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌
㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㻘㻌 㼑㼠㼏㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼐㼑㼍㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌
㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼢㼕㼏㼠㼕㼙㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼕㼒㻌㼕㼠㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼔㼑㼘㼜㼑㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻚㻌
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105㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼜㼕㼠㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼠㼥㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼑㼠㼕㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌
㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌㼣㼑㼟㼠㼑㼞㼚㻌㼏㼡㼘㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌㼍㻌㼟㼔㼍㼙㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼕㼟㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼔㼛㼣㻌㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 161
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㼎㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼀㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼔㼕㼚㼥㻌 㼓㼛㼘㼐㻌 㼙㼑㼐㼍㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌
㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼎㼑㻌㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼐㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼛㼓㼛㼏㼑㼚㼠㼞㼕㼏㻌
㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼣㼔㼛㻌㼕㼟㻌㼜㼡㼚㼕㼟㼔㼑㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼚㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻫㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼙㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼡㼚㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼡㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌
㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼠㼏㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼕㼏㻙㼠㼍㼏㻙㼠㼛㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼍㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㻌㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼣㼕㼚㼟㻌㼛㼞㻌㼍㻌
㼠㼕㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼐㼞㼍㼣㼚㻚㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼞㼟㻌㼑㼚㼓㼍㼓㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌㼎㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼜㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼚㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌
㼙㼕㼚㼐㻙㼚㼡㼙㼎㼕㼚㼓㼘㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼜㼑㼠㼕㼠㼕㼛㼡㼟㻫㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼘㼘㼍㼜㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼞㼕㼓㼕㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼡㼙㼑㼞㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼙㼎㼕㼓㼡㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌㻌
㼀㼛㻌㼟㼡㼓㼓㼑㼟㼠㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻘㻌㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼕㼏㻙㼠㼍㼏㻙㼠㼛㼑㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㼑㼞㼟㻌
㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼠㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼕㼓㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼛㼟㼑㻌㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌㼓㼍㼙㼑㻘㻌㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼍㻌
㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼟㼑㼙㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㻌 㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼛㼚㼏㼑㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌㼍㻌㼟㼑㼏㼛㼚㼐㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻘㻌
㼎㼡㼠㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼎㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼑㼚㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼛㼓㼛㼟㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼖㼡㼤㼠㼍㼜㼛㼟㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼣㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼐㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼢㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼡㼓㼓㼑㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼑㼚㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㻌
㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼍㻌㼟㼑㼏㼛㼚㼐㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻘㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼔㼛㼘㼘㼥㻌㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㼍㼎㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻘㻌㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌
㼕㼚㼚㼡㼙㼑㼞㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌㼠㼑㼤㼠㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼠㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼡㼟㻌㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼙㼎㼑㼞㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼍㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼠㼞㼛㼥㼟㻌
㼣㼔㼛㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㻌㼚㼑㼣㻘㻌㼐㼍㼑㼐㼍㼘㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌
162 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼞㼑㼚㼐㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㻧㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼘㼞㼑㼍㼐㼥㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼕㼓㼚㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼛㼜㼜㼛㼚㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼘㼐㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼍㼞㼓㼡㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻘㻌㼍㼕㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼢㼕㼏㼠㼛㼞㼥㻘㻌㼐㼕㼟㼕㼚㼠㼑㼓㼞㼍㼠㼑㼟㻧㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼚㼛㻌 㼘㼛㼚㼓㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼡㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼎㼞㼑㼍㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼒㼍㼕㼘㼑㼐㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼍㼘㼗㻌㼍㼣㼍㼥㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼞㼕㼐㼓㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼍㼜㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼑㼙㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌
㼕㼐㼑㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼒㼑㼍㼞㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼐㼍㼠㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼍㼎㼘㼑㻦㻌 㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㻌
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106㻌 㻌 䇾㻲㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼑㼚㼠㼡㼞㼥㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌
㼟㼛㼏㼕㼑㼠㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼏㼕㼑㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼑㼥㻌 㻔㼓㼛㼘㼐㻌
㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼞㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼍㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㼟㻕㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼠㼞㼍㼏㼠㻌
㼟㼥㼙㼎㼛㼘㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼛㼚㼑㼥㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼟㼛㼏㼕㼑㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼑㼞㼏㼔㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌
㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼟㼛㼏㼕㼑㼠㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼐㼕㼟㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼞㻌㼕㼚㻌㼒㼍㼢㼛㼞㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼟㻚㻚㻚㻌 㻭㻌 㼟㼛㼏㼕㼑㼠㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌
㼑㼟㼟㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼛㼏㼕㼑㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼙㼍㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼞㼚㼍㼘㻌
㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌㼕㼟㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㼘㼑㼐㻌㼍㼟㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼞㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼕㼍㼘㻚䇿㻌69㻌
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㻭㼘㼎㼑㼞㼠㻌㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌㼜㼞㼛㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼙㼥㻌
㼍㼠㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼕㼑㼟㻌㼓㼛㼠㻌㼙㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼑㼘㼟㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼑㼚㼓㼠㼔㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼒㼒㼕㼏㻌㼏㼛㼜㻘㻌㼣㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌㼔㼍㼘㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼣㻌㼒㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㼀㼛㼐㼍㼥㻘㻌
㼣㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼙㼛㼟㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼑㼘㼕㼏㼕㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㻚㻌㻌
䇾㻿㼠㼛㼜䇿㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼜㼍㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 䇺㼟㼠㼛㼜䇻㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻘㻌 䇺㼣㼍㼕㼠㻌

69
Camus, Albert. “Create Dangerously,” Resistance, Rebellion, and Death. New
York, NY: Vintage International. 1988. Page 253.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 163
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㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼠㼡㼞㼚㻘㻌㼍㼏㼗㼚㼛㼣㼘㼑㼐㼓㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼞㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌
㼕㼚㻌㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㻚䇻㻌㻌㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼕㼟㼟㼡㼑㼐㻌㼍㻌㼠㼕㼏㼗㼑㼠㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼜㼡㼚㼕㼟㼔㼑㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼐㼕㼟㼛㼎㼑㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼞㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼕㼠㻌 㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌
㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼛㼍㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼏㼛㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼒㼒㼕㼏㻧㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼞㼛㼍㼐㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼍㻌㼘㼕㼚㼑㻘㻌㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌㼐㼛㼠㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌
㼠㼛㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼟㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌
䇾㻺㼛㻌 㻿㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓䇿㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼛㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼗㼑㼥㻌
㼚㼑㼍㼞㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼞㼑㼍㼐㼟㻘㻌䇾㻰㼛㻌㻺㼛㼠㻌㻲㼑㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻭㼚㼕㼙㼍㼘㼟㻘䇿㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼘㼍㼡㼓㼔㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼛㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻼㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼞㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼕㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌
㼙㼛㼚㼑㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼘㼘㼑㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼞㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼑㼐㻌
㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㻽㼡㼕㼏㼗㼑㼚䉼㻌 㼞㼑㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼑㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌
㼟㼑㼑㼚㻚㻌㻌㻼㼡㼠㻌㼡㼜㻌㼥㼑㼘㼘㼛㼣㻙㼟㼠㼞㼕㼜㼑㼐㻌㼠㼍㼜㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼞㼍㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌㼔㼛㼍㼞㼐㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼐㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼞㼛㼟㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼐㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼍㼘㼑㼟㼙㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼎㼟㼛㼘㼑㼠㼑㻧㻌
㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌㼚㼑㼍㼞㻌㼍㻌㼜㼞㼛㼐㼡㼏㼠㻘㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌㼎㼑㼍㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘㻌
䇾㻿㼍㼘㼑㻍䇿㻌 㼜㼡㼟㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼞㼏㼔㼍㼚㼐㼕㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㼙㼑㼠㼕㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㻌
㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼛㼣㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼛㼎㼑㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻘㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼒㻌㼚㼛㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼑㼘㼟㼑㻌
㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼐㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻘㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼘㼑㼢㼍㼠㼛㼞㻌 㼒㼡㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼛㼛㼞㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼒㼍㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼛㼛㼞㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌㼍㻌
㼙㼕㼚㼐㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼛㼚㼛㼙㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼏㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵䇻㼙㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻹㼥㻌
㼟㼕㼓㼚㻙㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼡㼘㼠㼥㻌 㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼥㼣㼕㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㼑㼟㼠㻌
㼜㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼚㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼘㼛㼛㼞㻚㻌㻌㻳㼕㼢㼑㻌㼙㼑㻌㼠㼕㼘㼑㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼑㻌㼏㼞㼍㼏㼗㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌
㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼕㼘㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼘㼍㼞㼓㼑㻌㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻘㻌㻵㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼟㼠㼑㼜㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼔㼍㼜㼑㻌 㻙㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼠㼑㼜㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼒㼒㻙㼏㼛㼘㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼕㼘㼑㻍㻌 㻌 㻵㼏㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼟㼛㼏㼕㼑㼠㼥㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼕㼠㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼑㼘㼑㼎㼞㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼔㼕㼑㼞㼍㼞㼏㼔㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌
㻭㻙㻸㼕㼟㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻮㻙㻸㼕㼟㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼔㼞㼕㼚㼑㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼞㼑㼢㼑㼞㼑㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼢㼕㼟㼕㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㻴㼛㼘㼥㻌 㻸㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌 㻴㼛㼘㼘㼥㼣㼛㼛㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼥㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㻮㼕㼓㻌 㻹㼍㼏㼟㻌 㼠㼍㼟㼠㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼓㼕㼍㼚㼠㻌
164 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼓㼛㼘㼐㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼏㼔㼑㼟㻫㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼥㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼍㼢㼑㼙㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼍㼡㼠㼛㼙㼛㼎㼕㼘㼑㻌㼕㼚㼟㼡㼞㼍㼚㼏㼑㻫㻌㻌㼃㼔㼥㻌㼐㼛㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼞㼛㼓㼟㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼎㼑㼑㼞㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼢㼕㼟㼑㻙㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㻫㻌㻌㼃㼔㼥㻌㼐㼛㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼠㼍㼏㼗㼥㻌㼏㼛㼙㼎㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼏㼛㼘㼛㼞㼟㻌㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼒㼍㼟㼔㼕㼛㼚㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼥㼑㼍㼞㻫㻌㻌㼃㼔㼥㻌
㼐㼛㻌㻵㻌㼛㼎㼑㼥㻌㼍㻌㼓㼛㼢㼑㼞㼚㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼒㼘㼍㼓㼟㻘㻌
㼟㼥㼙㼎㼛㼘㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼟㻫㻌㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌㼒㼡㼚㼚㼥㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㻵㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼟㻌
㼍㼘㼘㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㻵㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼓㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼓㼞㼛㼣㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼑㼤㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻹㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼎㼑㼘㼘㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼙㼛㼡㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼛㼏㼏㼡㼜㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵䇻㼙㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻌 㼎㼡㼟㼥㻌 㼏㼍㼞㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼙㼥㻌㼞㼑㼎㼑㼘㼘㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㻘㻌㼙㼥㻌
㼟㼘㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼙㼍㼟㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼞㼠㼑㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼕㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼎㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㼛㼚㻌 㼍㻌
㼜㼞㼕㼟㼛㼚㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㻌㼛㼚㼑㻙㼞㼛㼛㼙㻌㼎㼡㼕㼘㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㻌㼐㼛㼛㼞㻌㼘㼑㼍㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼡㼠㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌䇾㻺㼛㻌㻱㼤㼕㼠㻚䇿㻌㻌䇾㻿㼛㻌䇵㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼜㼡㼟㼔㻌
㼕㼠㻌 㼛㼜㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼛㼡䇻㼞㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼑㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㻺㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌 䇺㻺㼛㻌 㻱㼤㼕㼠䇻㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼟㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼘㼕㼙㼕㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼒㼞㼑㼑㼐㼛㼙㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㻌㼏㼞㼕㼙㼕㼚㼍㼘㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼙㼥㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼕㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼔㼕㼠㻌㼕㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼐㼛㼛㼞㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㻌
㼘㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌㼙㼍㼘㼑㻌㼒㼕㼓㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼚㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼑㼍㼠㻌㼕㼒㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌㼟㼍㼥㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼠㼛㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌
㼐㼑㼚㼥㻌 㼍㼑㼟㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼑㼡㼜㼔㼛㼞㼕㼍㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㼟㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㻵䇻㼙㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌㼠㼛㼡㼏㼔㻚㻌 㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼘㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼍㻌 㼟㼕㼓㼚㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㼟㻌㼙㼑㻌㻵㻌㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼑㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼥㻌㼐㼑㼟㼠㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼠㻍㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼓㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㻵䇻㼙㻌
㼠㼛㼘㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼛㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵䇻㼙㻌㼠㼛㼘㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼠㼛㼜㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼑㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㼟㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵䇻㼙㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼏㼞㼕㼙㼕㼚㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼟㼛㼚㼑㼞㻧㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼍㼞㼠㼥㼞㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼕㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼍㻌㼏㼕㼠㼕㼦㼑㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼘㼍㼓㻘㻌㼍㻌㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼓㼚㻚㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 165
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107㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌 㼜㼛㼜㼟㻌 㼡㼜㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼡㼎㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 䇾㻾㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻫䇿㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻌 㼐㼑㼑㼜㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼐㼑㼑㼜㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼛㻚㻌㻌䇾㻰㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㻫䇿㻌㻌
䇾㻯㼍㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻫䇿㻌 㻌 䇾㻵㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻫䇿㻌 㻌 㻯㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼚㼛㼏㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌
㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼛㼥㻌 㼠㼑㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼢㼕㼘㼘㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼑㼑㼜㻌 㼏㼞㼕㼑㼐㻘㻌
䇾㼃㼛㼘㼒㻍䇿㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼣㼚㼟㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㼣㼛㼘㼒㻚㻌㻌㻻㼚㼏㼑㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼛㼥㻌㼏㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼡㼠㻘㻌䇾㼃㼛㼘㼒㻍㻌㻌㼃㼛㼘㼒㻍䇿㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼣㼚㼟㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼞㼡㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 䇾㼃㼔㼑㼞㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼘㼒㻫䇿㻌
䇾㻻㼔㻘㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼖㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻚䇿㻌
㻭㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼘㼒㻌㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㻌㼡㼜㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼑㼍㼟㼠㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼢㼕㼘㼘㼍㼓㼑㻌㼟㼔㼑㼑㼜㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼎㼛㼥㻌㼏㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼡㼠㻘㻌䇾㼃㼛㼘㼒㻍䇿㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼎㼛㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼞㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㻚㻌㻌
䇾㼃㼛㼘㼒㻍㻌㻌㻯㼛㼙㼑㻌㼝㼡㼕㼏㼗㼘㼥㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼣㼛㼘㼒㻍䇿㻌㻌
䇾㻾㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻫䇿㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼣㼚㼟㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼗㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㼒㼡㼘㻌
㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㻚㻌
㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼟㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㼟㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼍㻌㼙㼕㼟㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌
㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌
䇾㻾㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻫䇿㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼛㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌
㼏㼔㼍㼕㼞㻚䇿㻌㻌㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌㼕㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼛㼛㼗㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚㻌㼓㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼍㼙㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㻶㼕㼘㼘㻘䇿㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㼘㼥㻌
㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻘㻌䇾㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻧㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌㼏㼔㼍㼕㼞㻚䇿㻌
㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼟㼚㼡㼏㼗㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼚㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻚㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼞㼔㼑㼠㼛㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼟㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 䇾㻾㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻫䇿㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼕㼞㼟㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌
166 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌 䇾㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼕㼏㼡㼘㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼚㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌
㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼛㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼏㼔㼍㼕㼞㼟㻌㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㼚㻘㻌
㼟㼛㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡䇻㼞㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼠㼍㼗㼑㼚㻫䇿㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼔㼑㼠㼛㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌
㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼏㼔㼍㼕㼞㻌㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌
㻮㼥㻌 㼍㼟㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 䇾㻾㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻫䇿㻌 㼞㼔㼑㼠㼛㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼙㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻧㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼙㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼢㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼞㼕㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㻌 㼚㼑㼏㼑㼟㼟㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼟㼗㻘㻌 䇾㻾㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻫䇿㻌 㼞㼔㼑㼠㼛㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㼘㼥㻚㻌
㻸㼛㼛㼗㻌㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼍㼥㻦㻌㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼛㼥㻌㼏㼞㼕㼑㼐㻘㻌䇾㼃㼛㼘㼒㻍䇿㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼢㼕㼘㼘㼍㼓㼑㻌㼍㼟㼗㼑㼐㻘㻌䇾㻾㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻫䇿㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼡㼙㼑㼐㻌㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻘㻌 䇾㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼕㼞㻘䇿㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼗㻘㻌
䇾㻾㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻫䇿㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼡㼙㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼘㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼚㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼘㼕㼑㼐㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼐㼛㼡㼎㼠㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼕㼚㼏㼕㼚㼓㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼘㼕㼑㼐㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼟㼕㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼕㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼐㼡㼏㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼞㼕㼓㼕㼚㼍㼘㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼡㼟㻌㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼕㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼛㻌 㼍㼟㼗㻘㻌 䇾㻾㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻫䇿㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌
㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼚㼛㻌㼐㼛㼡㼎㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌㼍㼚㼥㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡䇻㼘㼘㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼥㼑㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 䇾㻾㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻫䇿㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼞㼔㼑㼠㼛㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼑㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌 㼔㼥㼜㼛㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㼟㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼐㼛㼡㼎㼠㻚㻌
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 The Absurdity of Philosophy 167
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108㻌 㻌 㻱㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼠㼑㼏㼔㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻌 㼟㼡㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼣㼑㼘㼘㻫㻌㻌
㻴㼛㼣㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻫㻌㻌㼃㼔㼥㻌㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㻌㼍㼞㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼡㼕㼠㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㼟㻫㻌㻌㼃㼔㼥㻌㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼍㼞㼠㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼚㼒㼞㼍㼞㼑㼐㻌
㼣㼍㼢㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼡㼜㼜㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻓㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻓㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌
㼕㼚㼒㼞㼍㼞㼑㼐㻌㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼕㼠㻓㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌㼕㼚㼒㼞㼍㼞㼑㼐㻧㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌
㼍㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼚㼒㼞㼍㼞㼑㼐㻌㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼣㼍㼢㼑㼘㼑㼚㼓㼠㼔㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻱㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼢㼕㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌
㼕㼚㼢㼕㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼑㼞㼙㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㼟㻫㻌㻌㻌
㻱㼢㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼔㼛㼣㻘㻌㼕㼒㻌㼣㼑㻌㼗㼚㼑㼣㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼛㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼘㼑㼟㻫㻌 㻌 㻱㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼘㼕㼙㼕㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻫㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼘㼑㼐㼓㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼘㼑㼐㼓㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼘㼕㼙㼕㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㼟㻫㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼎㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼙㼕㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼙㼎㼕㼚㼑㼐㻫㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼕㼏㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌 㼐㼕㼐㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻓㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼘㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻫㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌
㼍㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼑㼘㼥㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻵㻓㼙㻌㼟㼡㼞㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻓㼙㻌㼟㼡㼞㼑㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼞㼑㼐㼡㼏㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻓㼙㻌
㼟㼡㼞㼑㻌㻵㻌㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼞㼥㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼐㼛㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌䇵㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㻌㼍㼘㼘㻚㻌㻌㻵㻓㼙㻌㼟㼡㼞㼑㻌㻵㻌
㼐㼛㼚㻓㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼞㼓㼑㼟㼠㻘㻌 㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㼒㼡㼘㻌
168 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼠㼑㼘㼑㼟㼏㼛㼜㼑㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼦㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌㼑㼥㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻓㼙㻌
㼟㼡㼞㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻓㼢㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㼕㼏㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻚㻌㻌
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109㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼍㻌
㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼒㼑㼣㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼒㼑㼣㻌
㼜㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼘㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼍㼞㻌㼠㼛㼛㻌㼍㼙㼎㼕㼠㼕㼛㼡㼟㻘㻌㼒㼍㼞㻌㼠㼛㼛㻌㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼡㼜㻌
㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼘㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㻸㼡㼐㼣㼕㼓㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌
㼜㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠 㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌
㼜㼡㼎㼘㼕㼏㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㻌㼛㼞㻌㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼐㼑㼒㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼜㼡㼎㼘㼕㼏㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻚㻌㻌
㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼛㻌 㼠㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼒㼥㻘㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼣㼔㼛㻌㼠㼞㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼘㼍㼞㼕㼒㼥㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼕㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼑㼘㼕㼠㼑㻌
㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼙㼍㼕㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻌
㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼕㼞㼞㼛㼞㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼠㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㻭㼘㼎㼑㼞㼠㻌 㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼞㼓㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼍㼚㼥㼣㼍㼥㻚㻌

110㻌㻌㻭㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼟㼙70㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼍㼥㻦㻌㻌㻭㻌㼙㼍㼚㻘㻌
㼕㼚㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼒㼑㻘㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼠㼕㼘㻌 㻵㻌 㼙㼑㼠㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼍㼚㻘㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼍㻌
㼠㼛㼠㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼑㼜㼍㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼛㼏㼏㼍㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㼔㼕㼜㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼕㼒㼑㻘㻌㼟㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌䇾㻵㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㼠㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼏㼘㼕㼏㼔㽴㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㻵㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌

70
A philosophical tool I developed in my first book, The Perpetual Wound (2006), for
extrapolating a deeper sense of emotion from a text.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 169
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㼘㼛㼢㼑㼐㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼡㼚㼠㼕㼘㻌㻵㻌㼙㼑㼠㻌㼔㼑㼞㻚䇿㻌㻌㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼑㼏㼛㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼠㼣㼛㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌㼜㼞㼛㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻚

111㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼚㼚㼑㼏㼠㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼣㼛㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌

㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼎㼑㼍㼞㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻘㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼕㼚㼐㼕㼢㼕㼐㼡㼍㼘㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌㼣㼑㻌㼘㼛㼚㼓㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼡㼚㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼦㼑㼚㼕㼠㼔㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼘㼕㼙㼍㼤㼑㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼞㼓㼍㼟㼙㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㼠㼍㼘㻌
㼕㼚㼟㼍㼚㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼚㼟㼍㼚㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼘㼛㼟㼑㼟㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼚㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼑㼍㼟㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㼣㼔㼑㼘㼙㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼑㼡㼜㼔㼛㼞㼕㼏㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼘㼛㼟㼑㻌㼠㼛㼡㼏㼔㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㼓㼑㼠㻌㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼘㼛㼚㼓㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼑㼏㼟㼠㼍㼟㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼡㼚㼕㼛㼚㻧㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼡㼞㼐㼑㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼛㼘㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼔㼑㼍㼢㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼛㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼑㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼡㼞㼐㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼑㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼛㼞㼓㼍㼟㼙㻘㻌㼎㼑㼓㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼛㼚㼑㻌㼑㼘㼟㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㼑㼞㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼎㼡㼞㼐㼑㼚㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻚㻌㻌
㻮㼡㼠㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼒㼛㼞㼓㼑㼠㻌㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼘㼕㼙㼍㼤㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼒㼛㼞㼓㼑㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼘㼕㼙㼍㼤㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼞㼑㼙㼑㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼏㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼔㼍㼜㼜㼕㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼕㼚㼠㼑㼓㼞㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼍㻌㼜㼛㼣㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼎㼡㼞㼚㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼗㼕㼚㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼑㼑㼗㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼎㼕㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼍㼘㼠㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻱㼢㼑㼚㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼛㼒㼒㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼎㻌 㼔㼛㼘㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼎㼡㼞㼐㼑㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌
㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼎㼡㼞㼐㼑㼚㻘㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㼟㻌㼠㼡㼞㼚㻌㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌㼠㼛㻌㼡㼚㼕㼠㼥㻚

112㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼕㼚㼟㼜㼕㼞㼑㻌 㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼟㼠㼞㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼑㼏㼔㼘㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼜㼍㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼑㼍㼡㼠㼥㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㼐㻌
㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼏㼔㼑㼍㼜㼑㼚㼟㻌㻮㼑㼍㼡㼠㼥㻚㻌

113 㻰㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼠㼞㼛㼥㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌

㼣㼑㼟㼠㼑㼞㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼘㼘㼑㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼖㼑㼏㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌
170 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻱㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼠㼙㼛㼐㼑㼞㼚㼕㼟㼙㻌

㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼞㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼒㼍㼘㼟㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼕㼙㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼕㼚㼏㼛㼙㼜㼞㼑㼔㼑㼚㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼕㼚㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼠㼣㼕㼟㼠㼑㼐㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻶㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼜㼛㼟㼠㼙㼛㼐㼑㼞㼚㻌 㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼑㼟㼠㼑㼞㼚㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼠㼞㼍㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼕㼠㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㼟㻌㼛㼡㼠㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻘㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼑㼢㼑㼞㼚㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼎㼑㼟㼠㻌㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼑㼢㼑㼞㼑㼟㼠㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼍㼑㼟㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼢㼍㼘㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻯㼘㼑㼢㼑㼞㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼍㼡㼠㼕㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌
㼙㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼏㼘㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼜㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌㼚㼛㼠㻙㼟㼛㻙㼏㼘㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌
㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻘㻌 㼐㼑㼒㼑㼚㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌
㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻸㼑㼠㻌㼡㼟㻌㼟㼡㼞㼢㼑㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼚㼐㼟㼏㼍㼜㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻦㻌
㻵㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㻼㼘㼍㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻿㼛㼜㼔㼕㼟㼠㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼑㼐㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼢㼕㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌
㼣㼑㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼚㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼠㻌
㼔㼍㼚㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㻶㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㼑㻘㻌 㻾㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼜㼛㼘㼕㼠㼕㼏㼟㻧㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㻌 㼑㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼑㼐㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻘㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻴㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌㻹㼑㼏㼔㼍㼚㼕㼟㼙㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼗㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼡㼟㻌㼎㼑㼓㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼡㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼍㼟㼗㼑㼐㻘㻌䇾㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼕㼚㼐㻫䇿㻌㻌㻿㼕㼚㼏㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼎㼑㼓㼕㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼍㼗㼕㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼛㼡㼘㻘㻌㼍㼐㼢㼛㼏㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㻼㼘㼍㼠㼛㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼜㼕㼠㼛㼙㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㻰㼑㼟㼏㼍㼞㼠㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㻮㼑㼞㼗㼑㼘㼑㼥㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻴㼡㼙㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼘㼛㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌
㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼑㼙㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼛㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼕㼚㼐㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌
㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼍㼘㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻫㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌
㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼞㼕㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 171
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㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌
㼎㼑㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼕㼓㻘㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼎㼘㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼦㼑㻌
㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼠㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼠㼡㼞㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼟㼠㻌 㻝㻜㻜㻌 㼥㼑㼍㼞㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼠㼕㼙㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼛㼞㻌㼏㼍㼚㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㻌㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼛㼞㻌
㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㼒㼡㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼑㼚㼐㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼕㼟㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼒㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼑㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼙㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㻌
㼓㼛㼍㼘㻘㻌㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌㼜㼟㼥㼏㼔㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼏㼡㼞㼕㼛㼟㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻵㻌㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㻌㼍㼑㼟㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼠㼡㼞㼚㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼙㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻧㻌 㼕㼠㻓㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼒㼍㼟㼔㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼍㼟㼠㼑㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼎㼛㼛㼗㻌㼕㼟㻌㼖㼡㼐㼓㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㼞㼑㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻘㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㻱㼙㼜㼑㼞㼛㼞㻓㼟㻌 㻺㼑㼣㻌 㻯㼘㼛㼠㼔㼑㼟㻚71㻌㻌
㼀㼞㼍㼐㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㻱㼙㼜㼑㼞㼛㼞㻓㼟㻌 㻺㼑㼣㻌 㻯㼘㼛㼠㼔㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼒㼍㼟㼔㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼑㻌 㼒㼑㼘㼠㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼘㼍㼠㼑㼟㼠㻌 㼒㼍㼟㼔㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼠㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼠㼍㼕㼘㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼑㼘㼑㼓㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼓㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼐㼕㼐㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼜㼍㼟㼟㻌㼡㼜㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼒㼒㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㻌㼍㼞㼠㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼑㼤㼠㼞㼍㼢㼍㼓㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼓䇻㼟㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼠㼛㼘㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼞㼞㼍㼚㼓㼑㼟㻌㼍㻌㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌
㼔㼑㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼟㼔㼛㼣㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼏㼘㼛㼠㼔㼑㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼚㼐㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼞㼠㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼚㼢㼕㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌 㼓㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼟㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼚㼛㻌
㼓㼛㼣㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼗㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼍㻌㼒㼛㼛㼘㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼛㼣㼚㻘㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌
㼛㼚㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼛㼘㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼓㼛㼣㼚㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼓䇻㼟㻌 㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼐㼢㼕㼟㼛㼞㼟㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼑㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼛㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼓䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼍㼗㼑㼐㼚㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㼟㻌

71
Andersen, Hans Christian. “The Emperor's New Clothes.” Wikisource. 1872.
Wikipedia. <http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Emperor's_New_Clothes>.
172 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼡㼚㼠㼕㼘㻌㼍㻌㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㼟㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼍㼗㼑㼐㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼛㼚㼑㻌
㼘㼍㼡㼓㼔㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼐㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼔㼑㼍㼐㻌㼔㼑㼘㼐㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻚㻌
㻺㼛㼣㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼡㼟㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼑㼐㻌㼍㼟㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼛㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㼘㼕㼑㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼕㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼞㼑㼜㼡㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌
㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻚㻌㻌㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼛㼎㼟㼑㼟㼟㼑㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼠㼑㼟㼠㻌㼟㼠㼥㼘㼑㼟㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼣㼑㼞㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼔㼕㼙㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼍㼟㼔㼕㼛㼚㼍㼎㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌
㼟㼥㼙㼎㼛㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼔㼑㻓㼟㻌㼟㼣㼕㼚㼐㼘㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼣㼑㼍㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼚㼛㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼠㼔㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼙㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼍㼗㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
㼘㼍㼡㼓㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼡㼠㼔㼛㼞㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼏㼘㼛㼠㼔㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼜㼍㼏㼗㼍㼓㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼑㼘㼘㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻧㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼘㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻔㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼍㼏㼗㼍㼓㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼑䇻㼞㼑㻌 㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼍㼘㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼍㼏㼗㼍㼓㼑㻚㻕㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻓㼠㻌
㼞㼑㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼏㼗㼍㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼕㼚㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻵㼒㻌 㻼㼘㼍㼠㼛㻘㻌 㻭㼞㼕㼟㼠㼛㼠㼘㼑㻘㻌 㻰㼑㼟㼏㼍㼞㼠㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼑㼟㼠㼑㼞㼚㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼎㼑㼟㼠㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㼏㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼜㼜㼛㼚㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼞㼍㼞㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌
㼙㼛㼠㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼕㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼚㻌 㼍㼑㼟㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼍㼟㼠㼑㼟㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼜㼜㼛㼚㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼙㼕㼚㼐㼟㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌
㼎㼑㼍㼡㼠㼕㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼍㼟㼠㼑㼟㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌 㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻚㻌 㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌 㼙㼑㼘㼛㼐㼕㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼘㼥㼞㼕㼏㼟㻚䇿㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼑㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌㼚㼛㻌㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼡㼎㼖㼑㼏㼠㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 173
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㼍㻌 㼙㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼍㼟㼠㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼞㼛㼍㼏㼔㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼜㼜㼛㼚㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼒㼍㼟㼔㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼗㼕㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼑㼚㼖㼛㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㼞㼓㼡㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼍㼡㼠㼕㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼑㼒㼒㼑㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌
㼎㼑㼍㼡㼠㼕㼒㼡㼘㻌㼍㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㻮㼍㼠㼠㼘㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼘㼑㼢㼑㼞㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼏㼍㼜㼠㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌㼡㼟㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻌
114㻌 㻌 㻭㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼒㼛㼛㼘㼕㼟㼔㻌㼑㼚㼐㼑㼍㼢㼛㼞㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌㼎㼥㻌㼍㼟㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼣㼍㼥㼟㻚 㼃㼑㻌㼍㼘㼞㼑㼍㼐㼥㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼍㼚㼟㼣㼑㼞㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼚㼑㼑㼐㻚㻌
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115 㻿㼑㼑㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼟㼙㼛㼗㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼍㼠㼏㼔㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼟㼑㼘㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼙㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌
㼒㼕㼞㼙㼘㼥㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼟㼜㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼓㼑㼞㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼠㼟㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼚㼑㼞㼕㼟㼙㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼕㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼑㼘㼟㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼚㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻹㼥㻌
㼙㼛㼡㼠㼔㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼑㼙㼎㼞㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼘㼠㼑㼞㻧㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼚㼑㻌㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼘㼕㼜㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼑㼍㼟㼑㻍㻌㻌㻰㼛㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼟㼙㼑㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻫㻌㻌㼀㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼘㼛㼣㻙㼓㼞㼍㼐㼑㻌㼠㼛㼎㼍㼏㼏㼛㻘㻌㼙㼥㻌㼒㼞㼕㼑㼚㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼓㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼡㼜㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼟㼔㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻙㼎㼛㼐㼕㼑㼐㻘㻌㼑㼙㼜㼠㼥㻘㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㼥㻙㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼒㼕㼚㼑㻘㻌㼘㼛㼚㼓㻙㼟㼠㼞㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌㻱㼡㼞㼛㼜㼑㼍㼚㻙㼟㼠㼥㼘㼑㻌㼞㼛㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㼎㼍㼏㼏㼛㻚㻌㻌㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌㻵㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻧㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼞㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼙㼑㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼡㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌
㼣㼛㼛㼐㻙㼒㼕㼞㼑㻌㼎㼡㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼘㼛㼓㻌㼏㼍㼎㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼞㼑㼙㼕㼚㼐㼟㻌㼙㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼡㼠㼡㼙㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻻㼔㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼛㼛㻫㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼠㼍㼟㼠㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼞㼍㼓㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼢㼛㼘㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㼥㻙
㼟㼙㼛㼗㼑㻌 㼍㼒㼠㼑㼞㼠㼍㼟㼠㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㼎㼍㼏㼏㼛㻌 㼕㼚㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼏㼑㼟㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㼟㻧㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼘㼙㻌 㼣㼍㼞㼙㼠㼔㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼑㻚㻌㻌
㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌㼜㼘㼑㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌㼒㼞㼑㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㻌㼐㼞㼍㼓㻚㻌㻌㻵㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㼘㼥㻫㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼕㼚㼔㼍㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼏㼍㼠㼏㼔㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼔㼑㼟㼕㼠㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌
174 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼠㼔㼞㼛㼍㼠㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼛㼞㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼎㼑㼒㼛㼞㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼟㼜㼘㼍㼟㼔㼑㼟㻌㼕㼚㻘㻌㼟㼍㼠㼡㼞㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼐㼑㼜㼠㼔㼟㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼘㼡㼚㼓㼟㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌㼍㼟㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼑㼤㼔㼍㼘㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼙㼛㼗㼑㻌㼟㼘㼛㼣㼘㼥㻌
㼏㼡㼞㼘㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼙㼛㼟㼜㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼟㼍㼠㼕㼟㼒㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼡㼞㼑㻙㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌 㼚㼕㼏㼛㼠㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼞㼞㼕㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼎㼛㼐㼥㻚㻌㻌㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌㼜㼘㼑㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌㼐㼛㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼐㼞㼍㼓㻚㻌
㻵㼚㼐㼑㼑㼐㻘㻌㼍㻌㼘㼛㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼞㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼓㼛㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼟㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻻㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌
㼔㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼘㼍㼎㼛㼞㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼛㼎㼍㼏㼏㼛㻌㼒㼕㼑㼘㼐㼟㻚㻌㻌㻶㼡㼟㼠㻌㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼛㼡㼟㻌 㼏㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼒㻌 㼙㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼑㼕㼢㼑㻍㻌㻌
㻵㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼞㼟㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼞㼢㼑㼟㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌
㼒㼘㼡㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼡㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼎㼍㼞㼚㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼚㼑㼞㼓㼥㻌㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼙㼍㼕㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼘㼕㼙㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼘㼥㻌 㻝㻟㻜㼻㻲㼍㼔㼞㼑㼚㼔㼑㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼏㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼞㼑㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼒㼍㼞㼙䇻㼟㻌 㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌 㼚㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼎㼍㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼛㼒㼒㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌
㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻍㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼔㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼕㼐㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼚㼖㼛㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌㼍㻌㼐㼑㼙㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼜㼞㼛㼐㼡㼏㼠㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼟㼙㼛㼗㼑㼞㼟㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㻌㼐㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌㼎㼞㼑㼑㼐㻌㼍㼘㼞㼑㼍㼐㼥㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼍㼜㼜㼞㼑㼏㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼙㼛㼚㼓㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼟㼙㼛㼗㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼕㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼡㼟㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼞㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼑㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌
㼁㼟㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼜㼍㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼙㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼓㼍㼞㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼟㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼟㻌
㼑㼢㼛㼗㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻹㼥㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼞㼑㼢㼑㼞㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼞㼕㼠㼡㼍㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼛㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㻌㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼐㼕㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌㼍㼘㼣㼍㼥㼟㻌㼐㼛㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼍㼞㼍㼐㼑㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌 㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌
㼣㼍㼥㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼡㼚㼒㼍㼕㼞㻌㼠㼍㼤㼑㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼚㼑㼤㼜㼑㼚㼟㼕㼢㼑㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼣㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼓㼑㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼘㼑㼍㼟㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌 㻵㻌
㼐㼛㼡㼎㼠㻌㻵䇻㼐㻌㼓㼛㻌㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼕㼏㼑㼟㻌㼐㼞㼛㼜㼜㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼣㼔㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼘㼠㼔㻌
㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㻫㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼛㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㻵㻌
㼟㼥㼙㼜㼍㼠㼔㼕㼦㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼚㻙㼟㼙㼛㼗㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼐㼕㼑㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼐㼍㼥㻌 䇵㻌 㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼒㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 175
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㼠㼔㼑㼥䇻㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼢㼛㼕㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼢㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼑㼙㼎㼘㼑㼟㻌 㼑㼍㼞㼘㼥㻌

㼠㼣㼑㼚㼠㼕㼑㼠㼔㻙㼏㼑㼚㼠㼡㼞㼥㻌 㼞㼍㼏㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼠㼙㼛㼐㼑㼞㼚㻌 㼠㼣㼕㼟㼠㻚㻌 㻌 䇾㼃㼑㻌
㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼞㼍㼏㼕㼟㼠㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 䇺㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼎㼘㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼔㼑㼘㼜㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥䇻㼞㼑㻌 㼎㼘㼍㼏㼗㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼙㼛㼗㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼐㼑㼏㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼥㼛㼡䇻㼞㼑㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼕㼚㼒㼑㼞㼕㼛㼞㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼏㼔㼛㼕㼏㼑㻚䇿㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼞㼠㼑㼐㻌
㼟㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼒㼕㼒㼠㼑㼑㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼣㼛㻌 㼥㼑㼍㼞㼟㻌 㼘㼍㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼙㼥㻌
㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼙㼛㼗㼑㼐㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼟㼑㼤㼡㼍㼘㻌
㼐㼑㼢㼕㼍㼚㼠㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼞㼕㼟㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻿㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼞㼑㼎㼑㼘㼘㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌㼗㼕㼐㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㻵㻌
㼣㼍㼟㻌㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼟㼛㼚㻧㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼟㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼙㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼏㼞㼕㼙㼕㼚㼍㼘㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼟㼛㼚㻫㻌㻌㻻㼔㻘㻌㻵㻌㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㻧㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㼐㻌㼙㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌
㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼒㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼘㼠㼔㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼟㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼔㼛㼙㼑㻌 䇵㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼑㼑㼐㼛㼙㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼔㼛㼕㼏㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼞㼑㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㼑㼐㻧㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼜㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼚㼐㼑㼜㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼑㼏㼘㼍㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼟㼕㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌
㼚㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㻵㻌㼘㼑㼒㼠㻘㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌㼣㼍㼘㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼔㼛㼙㼑㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼟㼏㼔㼛㼛㼘㻘㻌㼟㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌
㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㻘㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㻵㻌㼞㼍㼚㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼙㼥㻌㼒㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌㼠㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼣㼍㼘㼗㻚㻌㻌㻴㼑㻌
㼍㼜㼜㼞㼛㼍㼏㼔㼑㼐㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㼐㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌㼟㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻚䇿㻌
䇾㻺㼛㻘㻌 㻰㼍㼐㻘㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼜㻌 㼟㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌
㼍㼓㼞㼑㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚䇿㻌
䇾㼅㼛㼡㻌 㼍㼞㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼙㼛㼗㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡䇻㼞㼑㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼙㼥㻌
㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻚䇿㻌
䇾㻲㼕㼚㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㼚㼕㼓㼔㼠㻘䇿㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼕㼠㻌㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌
㼣㼍㼘㼗㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼞㼕㼑㼚㼐䇻㼟㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼑㼑㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼙㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌
㼔㼕㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼢㼑㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼞㼞㼍㼚㼓㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼣㼑㼚㼠㻌
㼔㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼎㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼠㼔㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼑㼟㼟㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻹㼥㻌 㼒㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌
㼛㼡㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼑㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼛㼘㼐㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼑㼍㼞㼘㼕㼑㼞㻘㻌㼟㼛㻌㼍㼟㻌㻵㻌㼞㼍㼚㻌㼡㼜㼟㼠㼍㼕㼞㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼍㼏㼗㻌㼙㼥㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌
㼙㼥㻌 㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼟㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼐㼍㼥㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌
176 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌 㼍㼟㼗㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼚㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼑㼍㼞㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼢㼛㼕㼏㼑㻘㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼣㼞㼛㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌䇾㼃㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼚㻫㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠䇻㼞㼑㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻫䇿㻌 㼟㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼗㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼍㼕㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼠㼡㼒㼒㻌㼙㼥㻌㼎㼑㼘㼛㼚㼓㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼍㻌㼐㼡㼒㼒㼘㼑㻌㼎㼍㼓㻚㻌㻌 㻴㼑㼍㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼟㼠㼛㼚㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌㼠㼛㼘㼐㻌㼙㼥㼟㼑㼘㼒㻘㻌 㼛㼞㻌㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼎㼑㻌㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼑㼞㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻹㼥㻌 㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼎㼑㼓㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼛㼎㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼕㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼐㼍㼣㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌
䇾㻶㼑㼒㼒㻌 䇵㻌㻶㼑㼒㼒㻌 䇵㻌㼜㼘㼑㼍㼟㼑㻘䇿㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌㼏㼞㼕㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼑㼍㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼠㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌 㻌㻵㻌㼛㼜㼑㼚㼑㼐㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼚㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼛㼞㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼍㼓㻌 㼟㼘㼡㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼣㼍㼘㼗㼑㼐㻌㼛㼡㼠㼟㼕㼐㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼝㼡㼕㼏㼗㼑㼚㼑㼐㻌㼙㼥㻌㼜㼍㼏㼑㻘㻌㼙㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼥㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼍㼞㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼙㼥㻌 㼒㼞㼕㼑㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌㼣㼍㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼔㼑㼍㼞㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼞㼛㼚㼠㻌㼐㼛㼛㼞㻌
㼟㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼜㼑㼚㻌㼎㼑㼔㼕㼚㼐㻌㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌䇾㻶㼑㼒㼒㻘䇿㻌㼙㼥㻌㼙㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼏㼍㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌㼛㼡㼠㻘㻌䇾㻵㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻍䇿㻌㻌㻵㻌㼚㼑㼍㼞㼘㼥㻌㼎㼞㼛㼗㼑㻚㻌㻌㻹㼥㻌㼔㼍㼞㼐㼑㼚㼑㼐㻌㼔㼑㼍㼞㼠㻌㼏㼞㼍㼏㼗㼑㼐㻌㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼑㼚㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼒㼞㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼠㼞㼕㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼗㼑㼑㼜㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼞㼡㼙㼎㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼕㼑㼏㼑㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌䇾㻵㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼠㼛㼛㻘㻌㻹㼛㼙㻘䇿㻌㻵㻌㼟㼍㼕㼐㻘㻌㼛㼜㼑㼚㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼍㼞㻌㼐㼛㼛㼞㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㼛㼗㻌㼛㼒㼒㻚㻌
㼃㼍㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼠㼔㻌 㼕㼠㻫㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㼐㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼕㼙㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌㼝㼡㼕㼠㼑㻌㼍㻌㼎㼕㼠㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼚㼛㼣㻌㻵䇻㼙㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼛㻌
㼟㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼕㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼣㼛㻌 㼙㼛㼚㼠㼔㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼠㼕㼘㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼡㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌
㼑㼕㼓㼔㼠㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼙㼛㼗㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼜㼑㼍㼏㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌
㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼣㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼞㼛㼙㼕㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼙㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼑㼤㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㻹㼛㼙㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼐㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼑㼍㼞㼘㼕㼑㼞㻘㻌
㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌㼔㼑㼞㻌㼣㼔㼥㻌㻵㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼘㼑㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼟㼑㼑㼙㼟㻌㼟㼛㻌㼟㼕㼘㼘㼥㻘㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌㼕㼠㻫㻌㻌㻿㼛㻌
㼒㼡㼠㼕㼘㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼍㼏㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼒㼍㼙㼕㼘㼥䇻㼟㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼚㻌
㼍㼐㼐㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼗㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼑㼜㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼞㼑㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼛㼣㻌 㼟㼔㼍㼘㼘㼛㼣㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㻵㻫㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㻘㻌 㼚㼛㻘㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㻌 㼎㼍㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼙㼥㻌㼐㼑㼏㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㻌㼕㼟㻚㻌㻌㻸㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼞㼑㼓㼞㼑㼠㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼟㼔㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼙㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼞㼑㼓㼞㼑㼠㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼙㼕㼟㼠㼍㼗㼑㼟㻚㻌
㻌㻌㻹㼥㻌 㼟㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼠㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㻵㻌
㼏㼍㼚䇻㼠㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㻌㼎㼍㼏㼗㻘㻌㻵㻌㼗㼑㼑㼜㻌㼛㼚㻌㼓㼛㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼜㼞㼑㼠㼑㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 177
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㼒㼡㼠㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼟㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌

㻱㼟㼜㼑㼏㼕㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼟㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼒㼍㼙㼕㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼙㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㻵㻌
㼐㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㼘㼥㻌 㼠㼛㼎㼍㼏㼏㼛㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼝㼡㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼘㼑㼒㼠㻫㻌㻌㻭㼘㼘㻌㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㼑㼐㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌㼍㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻌㼘㼕㼒㼑㻚㻌㻌㻸㼕㼗㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㻘㻌㻵䇻㼙㻌㼟㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌㻵㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼞㼑㼠㼡㼞㼚㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼑㼤㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼜㼑㼞㼔㼍㼜㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼡㼞㼑㼟㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻮㼡㼠㻌 㻵㻌
㼓㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼡㼜㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼒㼍㼙㼕㼘㼥㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼔㼍㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼍㼟㼕㼑㼟㼠㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼍㼏㼝㼡㼕㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼓㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼡㼜㻌
㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼟㼠㼡㼜㼕㼐㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼣㻘㻌 㻵㻌
㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼑㼤㼏㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼙㼥㻌㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻧㻌㻵㻌㼜㼞㼛㼏㼘㼍㼕㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼑㼤㼍㼘㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻿㼕㼟㼥㼜㼔㼑㼍㼚㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼓㼓㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌
㼔㼍㼜㼜㼥㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌㼔㼛㼜㼑㻘㻌㼟㼛㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼙㼍㼥㻌㼎㼞㼡㼟㼔㻌㼛㼒㼒㻌㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌㼙㼥㻌㼒㼍㼙㼕㼘㼥䇻㼟㻌
㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼥㻌㼎㼑㼔㼍㼢㼕㼛㼞㻌㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼘㼕㼚㼠㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼙㼥㻌㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㼑㼞㻚㻌
㻹㼥㻌 㼕㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㻔㼛㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼘㼑㼍㻫㻕㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼍㼠㼠㼑㼙㼜㼠㻌 㼍㼠㻌 㼍㻌
㼜㼡㼞㼜㼛㼟㼑㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌 㼙㼍㼥㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌 䇵㻌 㻵㻌
㼔㼍㼜㼜㼑㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌㻵㻌㼍㼙㻌㼞㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻮㼡㼠㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼛㼞㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼞㼑㼎㼑㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼘㼛㼢㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼜㼜㼛㼞㼠㼡㼚㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼔㼍㼜㼜㼕㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼎㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌㼑㼤㼏㼡㼟㼑㼟㻌㻵㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌㼐㼑㼟㼜㼕㼏㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼏㼘㼍㼕㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼚㼛㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵䇻㼙㻌㼕㼚㼟㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㻵䇻㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌
㼍㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼥㻌 㼟㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼛㼢㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼛㼎㼢㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌
㼔㼛㼣㻌㼡㼚㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼑㼤㼏㼡㼟㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼘㼥㻌㼕㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌㻿㼛㻌㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼙㼥㻌㼐㼕㼘㼑㼙㼙㼍㻦㻌㻌㼕㼒㻌㻵㻌㼝㼡㼕㼠㻌㼟㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼞㼑㼠㼡㼞㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼥㻌㼒㼍㼙㼕㼘㼥㻘㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼍㼙㻌 㻵㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㻵㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻵㻌 㼍㼙㻌 㼔㼍㼜㼜㼕㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㼟㻫㻌㻌
㻸㼑㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼞㼑㼍㼗㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼔㼑㼍㼞㼠㼟㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼛㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼘㼥㻌㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼞㼡㼟㼠㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼎㼑㻌㼓㼛㼚㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌㼕㼠䇻㼟㻌㼎㼑㼟㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼔㼛㼘㼐㻌㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼜㼞㼕㼐㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼘㼑㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼍㼟㼠㻌㼞㼑㼟㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼍㻌㼓㼞㼍㼢㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼑㼙㼛㼞㼥㻚㻌
178 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㻿㼛㻌㻵㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㻌㼙㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼑㼤㼏㼡㼟㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼟㼍㼥㻌㼟㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼛㼞㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼜㼍㼕㼚㻌㻵䇻㼢㼑㻌㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼡㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼣㼛㼞㼠㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼞㼍㼓㼑㼐㼥㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼎㼞㼛㼗㼑㼚㻌㼔㼛㼙㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼎㼍㼚㼐㼛㼚㼑㼐㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼣㼔㼕㼘㼑㻌㻵㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼏㼕㼓㼍㼞㼑㼠㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼠㼔㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼞㼥㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼟㼙㼛㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㼒㼡㼘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼡㼠㼕㼘㼑㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼙㼛㼗㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼐㼑㻘㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼓㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼑㼟㼜㼍㼕㼞㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼛㼡㼞㼚㻌㼙㼥㻌㼘㼛㼟㼟㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻮㼑㼟㼕㼐㼑㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼍㼞㼛㼙㼍㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻌 㼟㼣㼑㼑㼠㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼍㼟㼠㼑㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼞㼕㼏㼔㻌 䇵㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻌
㼒㼡㼘㼒㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼡㼜㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼟㼙㼑㼘㼘㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌
㼐㼑㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㼒㼡㼘㻫㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼒㼕㼚㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼟㼛㻌 㼒㼞㼑㼟㼔㻧㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㼟㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼡㼐㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌
㼟㼙㼛㼗㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻿㼑㼑㻌㼙㼑㻌㼟㼙㼛㼗㼑㻚㻌㻌㻿㼑㼑㻌㼙㼥㻌㼜㼞㼕㼐㼑㻚 72

116㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㻌㼣㼔㼛㻌㼣㼕㼟㼔㻌㼠㼛㻌㼔㼍㼞㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼐㻦㻌㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌
㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼣㼎㼛㼥㻘㻌 㻼㼑㼏㼛㼟㻌 㻮㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼘㼍㼟㼟㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼠㼛㼞㼚㼍㼐㼛㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻍㻌 㻌 㼅㼛㼡㻌
㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼙㼍㼞㼏㼔㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼞㼞㼍㼠㼕㼏㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼡㼚㼜㼞㼑㼐㼕㼏㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼣㼕㼟㼠㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼡㼞㼚㼟㻌
㼛㼒㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼎㼛㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼕㼚㼟㻘㻌 㼟㼍㼐㼐㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼞㼍㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼕㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌
㼒㼕㼘㼕㼎㼡㼟㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼕㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼟㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼑㼍㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㼙㼎㼕㼓㼡㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼔㼍㼠㼑㻌㼟㼛㻌㼙㼡㼏㼔㻚㻌㻌㻯㼛㼚㼒㼕㼚㼑㻌㼕㼚㼐㼑㼠㼑㼞㼙㼕㼚㼍㼏㼥㻘㻌㼕㼙㼜㼞㼕㼟㼛㼚㻌㼟㼡㼎㼠㼘㼑㼠㼥㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼏㼍㼟㼠㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻧㻌㼣㼑㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼏㼔㼕㼘㼐㼞㼑㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼑㼑㻌㼡㼟㻌
㼒㼛㼞㼚㼕㼏㼍㼠㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼚㼛㼚㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻍㻌 㻌 㻯㼛㼣㼎㼛㼥㼟㻌 㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼚㻌
㼍㼟㻌 㼔㼑㼞㼛㼕㼏㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼘㼛㼜㼜㼥㻘㻌 㼢㼡㼘㼓㼍㼞㻌 㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌 㼍㼞㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻭㼟㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼒㼑㼠㼕㼟㼔㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼛㼙㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼞㼐㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼒㼑㼟㼠㼑㼞㼟㻘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼎㼘㼕㼚㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼘㼕㼙㼕㼠㼟㻧㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼛㼢㼑㼞㻌㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻍㻌㻌㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌㻼㼑㼏㼛㼟㻌㻮㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼏㼥㼏㼘㼛㼚㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼡㼎㼙㼕㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼥㼛㼡䇻㼞㼑㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼔㼍㼘㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼚㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻔㻿㼠㼕㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼍㼕㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼞㼐㼘㼥㻌 㼍㻌
㼠㼛㼞㼚㼍㼐㼛㻚㻕㻌㻌㻌

72
Smith-Luedke, Jeff. “Will to Pride.” 2007.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 179
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㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼘㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼍㼠㻌㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼍㻌㼔㼑㼘㼜㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㼎㼍㼟㼠㼍㼞㼐㻌㼕㼚㼒㼍㼚㼠㻌㼣㼔㼛㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼎㼞㼑㼍㼗㻌㼕㼒㻌
㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼠㼛㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼔㼕㼙㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼘㼡㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼏㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼡㼞㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼠㼙㼛㼟㼜㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼎㼞㼑㼍㼠㼔㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼞㼡㼘㼥㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼐㼑㼍㼞㻌 㼏㼛㼣㼎㼛㼥㻘㻌 㻼㼑㼏㼛㼟㻌 㻮㼕㼘㼘㻘㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼔㼛㼣㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼜㼡㼚㼥㻌 㼘㼍㼟㼟㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼟㼔㼞㼑㼐㼟㻌
㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㼟㻘㻌㼠㼛㼟㼟㼑㼟㻌㼙㼍㼙㼙㼛㼠㼔㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌
㼟㼠㼞㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼡㼒㼒㼛㼏㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼑㼙㼎㼞㼍㼏㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌
㼥㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌㼕㼚㻌㼜㼛㼟㼟㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼏㼥㼏㼘㼛㼚㼑㻘㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻧㻌
㼕㼒㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼟㼑㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼥㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼛㼞㼙㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼥㼏㼘㼛㼚㼑㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼥㼛㼡㻚㻌
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117㻌㻌㻵㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼛㼚㼑㻌㼜㼕㼑㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼐㼢㼕㼏㼑㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌㼓㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼟㼠㼡㼐㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼏㼛㼘㼘㼑㼍㼓㼡㼑㼟㻌 㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌 㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌
㼟㼡㼎㼟㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼠㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼓㼚㼛㼞㼑㼐㻘㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼜㼕㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㻌㼡㼜㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻚㻌㻌㻭㼘㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼥㼟㼠㼑㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌
㼠㼡㼞㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼓㼕㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼙㼕㼟㼠㼍㼗㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻻㼡㼞㻌
㼏㼡㼞㼕㼛㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㼟㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌㼑㼚㼐㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼍㼠㻌
㼘㼑㼍㼟㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼓㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼍㼏㼗㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼘㼕㼢㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼟㼔㼍㼞㼑㼐㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼖㼛㼗㼑㼟㻘㻌
㼠㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼗㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 䇾㻵㼠㻌
㼣㼍㼟㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌㼍㻌㼖㼛㼗㼑㻚䇿㻌
㻵㼚㻌 㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼑㼍㼞㼘㼥㻌 㼖㼛㼡㼞㼚㼍㼘㼟㻘㻌 㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼠㼑㻘㻌 䇾㻼㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌
㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼙㼍㼓㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼒㻌 㼥㼛㼡㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌 㼣㼞㼕㼠㼑㻌
㼚㼛㼢㼑㼘㼟㻚䇿73㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼠㻌 䇺㼕㼙㼍㼓㼑㼟䇻㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌
㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻌㼠㼛㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌㼜㼕㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻾㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌
㻵㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼗㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼏㼕㼞㼏㼡㼙㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㼟㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌㼕㼒㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼥㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㻘㻌㼥㼛㼡㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌

73
Camus, Albert. Notebooks 1935-1942. New York, NY: The Modern Library.
1965. Page 10.
180 The Absurdity of Philosophy
㻌

㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼛㼞㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼑㻘㻌㼛㼞㻌㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌㼥㼑㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼍㻌

㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼒㼑㼑㼘㼟㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼍㻌㼎㼕㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㻌㼘㼕㼒㼑㻚㻌㻌㻮㼥㻌㼔㼍㼢㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㼚䇻㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼍㼚㼓㼑㼞㻌㼣㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌
㼎㼥㻌䇾㼐㼛㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻚䇿㻌㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌
㼙㼍㼚㼚㼑㼞㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼏㼞㼕㼎㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼜㼛㼑㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼟㼑㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼎㼛㼠㼔㻌 㼒㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼚㼒㼕㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌
㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼕㼘㼘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼠㼥㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼘㼍㼏㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼠㼥㼘㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼞㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼞㼛㼚㼕㼏㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼠㼟㼑㼘㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼓㼑㼟㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼒㼛㼞㼡㼙㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼑㼚㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㼑㼚㼙㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼞㼑㼙㼕㼚㼐㼟㻌㼙㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㻹㼍㼞㼗㻌㼀㼣㼍㼕㼚㻌㼟㼜㼛㼗㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼚㻌㼔㼕㼟㻌
㼟㼔㼛㼞㼠㻌 㼟㼠㼛㼞㼥㻘㻌 䇾㻸㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㼟㻌 㻲㼞㼛㼙㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻱㼍㼞㼠㼔㻘䇿㻌 74㻌 㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㻿㼍㼠㼍㼚㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌
㼎㼑㼑㼚㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼍㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㻱㼍㼞㼠㼔㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼜㼡㼚㼕㼟㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㼛㻌
㼏㼛㼘㼛㼞㼒㼡㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼐㼡㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㻴㼑㻌 㼣㼞㼕㼠㼑㼟㻌
㼔㼛㼙㼑㻘㻌㼠㼑㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼡㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌㼕㼚㼔㼍㼎㼕㼠㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼙㼕㼚㼕㼟㼏㼡㼘㼑㻌㼎㼘㼡㼑㻌
㼜㼘㼍㼚㼑㼠㻚㻌㻌㻴㼑㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼔㼑㼍㼢㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼗㼕㼚㼐㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼒㼍㼟㼔㼕㼛㼚㼑㼐㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌㼠㼔㼑㼙㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻘㻌㼍㼐㼢㼑㼞㼠㼕㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼔㼑㼍㼢㼑㼚㻌㼍㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌㼟㼜㼘㼑㼚㼐㼕㼐㻌
㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼥㼑㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼒㼕㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻌
㼔㼍㼠㼑㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼑㼢㼛㼕㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼟㻌㼘㼛㼢㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㼠㻌㼔㼍㼟㻘㻌
㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼑㼤㼍㼙㼜㼘㼑㻘㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼒㼑㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㻿㼡㼚㼐㼍㼥㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼏㼔㼡㼞㼏㼔㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼢㼕㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼑㼤㼏㼑㼜㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼔㼡㼞㼏㼔㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼢㼕㼏㼑㻌 㼚㼑㼢㼑㼞㻌 㼑㼚㼐㼟㻧㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼑㼟㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼍㼘㼘㻌 㼑㼠㼑㼞㼚㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼢㼑㼞㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㻌
㼏㼛㼡㼘㼐㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼟㼠㼍㼥㻌 㼍㼣㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼚㻌 㼠㼑㼚㻌 㼙㼕㼚㼡㼠㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼏㼔㼡㼞㼏㼔㻚㻌㻌
㻼㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼍㼕㼟㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻸㼛㼞㼐㻘㻌㼒㼛㼞㼓㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼒㼑㼣㻌
㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼑㼣㼑㼞㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼔㼑㼍㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌
㼐㼑㼢㼛㼕㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌㼒㼡㼚㼐㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼍㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼡㼙㼍㼚㼕㼠㼥㻌䇵㻌㼕㼚㼐㼑㼑㼐㻘㻌

74
Twain, Mark. Letters From the Earth. New York, NY: Perennial Classics. 2004.
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 181
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㼍㻌㼜㼑㼞㼟㼛㼚䇻㼟㻌㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌㼑㼤㼕㼟㼠㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼐㼑㼜㼑㼚㼐㼟㻌㼡㼜㼛㼚㻌㼕㼠㻌䇵㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻘㻌㼍㻌㼓㼛㼛㼐㻌
㼒㼡㼏㼗㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼙㼑㼠㼍㼜㼔㼛㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼠㼞㼡㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼍㼟㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻍㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌
㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㻼㼘㼍㼠㼛㼚㼕㼏㻌䇾㻭㼔㻙㼔㼍㻍䇿㻌㼙㼛㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼣㼑㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㼠㼛㻌㼓㼑㼠㻌㼕㼠㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼞㼑㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌㼍㼚㼥㻌㼔㼛㼜㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼣㼑㻘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼛㼚㼐㼑㼞㻘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼡㼞㼕㼛㼟㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌
㼛㼒㻌㼍㼑㼟㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼜㼘㼑㼍㼟㼡㼞㼑㻘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼑㼍㼞㻙㼕㼙㼙㼛㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼠㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼜㼍㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼞㼑㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼢㼍㼘㼡㼑㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼘㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼕㼟㼗㻌 㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼛㼢㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼠㻌 㼒㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌 㼓㼘㼍㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼣㼑㻌
㼟㼍㼣㻌㼍㻌㼎㼑㼍㼡㼠㼕㼒㼡㼘㻌㼣㼛㼙㼍㼚㻚㻌㻌㼁㼜㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼑㼏㼛㼚㼐㻌㼓㼘㼍㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌
㼟㼔㼑㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼠㼍㼐㻌㼠㼛㼛㻌㼒㼍㼠㻘㻌㼟㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼛㼛㼗㻌㼛㼡㼠㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼟㼏㼍㼘㼜㼑㼘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼏㼍㼞㼢㼑㼐㻌
㼍㼣㼍㼥㻌㼟㼛㼙㼑㻌㼒㼘㼑㼟㼔㻚㻌㻌䇾㻭㼙㻌㻵㻌㼎㼑㼍㼡㼠㼕㼒㼡㼘㻌㼥㼑㼠㻫䇿㻌㼟㼔㼑㻌㼍㼟㼗㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㻌
㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌䇾㻺㼛㻘䇿㻌㼣㼑㻌㼟㼍㼥㻘㻌䇾㼚㼛㼠㻌㼥㼑㼠㻚䇿㻌㻌㻿㼛㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼡㼜㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼏㼍㼘㼜㼑㼘㻌
㼛㼚㼏㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼓㼛㼑㼟㻌㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌
㼚㼛㼣㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼛㼙㼍㼚㻌㼣㼑㻌㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼎㼑㼍㼡㼠㼕㼒㼡㼘㻌㼛㼚㼏㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼣㻌㼐㼑㼍㼐㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼔㼑㼞㻌㼜㼘㼍㼏㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼎㼞㼕㼠㼠㼘㼑㻌㼟㼗㼑㼘㼑㼠㼛㼚㻘㻌㼡㼚㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼠㼛㻌
㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻘㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼔㼛㼜㼑㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼐㼕㼓㼚㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼐㼛㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼕㼠㻌
㼍㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌 㼍㼚㼥㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼜㼡㼟㼔㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼍㼣㼍㼥㻘㻌 㼎㼡㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼛㼛㼞㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼙㼕㼚㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼛㼣㼚㻌㼘㼑㼒㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㻌㼘㼛㼛㼗㼟㻌㼡㼜㻌㼍㼠㻌㼡㼟㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌
㼕㼠㼟㻌㼑㼙㼜㼠㼥㻌㼟㼛㼏㼗㼑㼠㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼟㼗㼟㻘㻌䇾㻭㼙㻌㻵㻌㼎㼑㼍㼡㼠㼕㼒㼡㼘㻌㼥㼑㼠㻫䇿㻌㻌
㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌䇵㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼍㼟㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻘㻌㻵䇻㼐㻌㼟㼍㼥㻚㻌㻌㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌
㼡㼟㻌 㼞㼑㼢㼛㼘㼠㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌
㼟㼛㼙㼑㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼙㼕㼐㼟㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼍㼟㼔㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌
㼞㼑㼢㼛㼘㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㼓㼍㼕㼚㼟㼠㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻘㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼎㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼚㼐㻌
㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌 㼔㼍㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼡㼠㻌 㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼍㻌 㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼚㼑㼑㼐㼘㼑㼟㼟㼘㼥㻌 㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻘㻌 㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼍㻌 㼒㼍㼗㼑㻘㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼕㼢㼑㼐㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌㼡㼟㻌㼟㼠㼡㼜㼕㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻌
㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼕㼒㼑㼟㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌 㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌
㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼡㼟㻌 䇾㼕㼚㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㻘䇿㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㻌 㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌 㻰㼑㼞㼞㼕㼐㼍㻘㻌
㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼕㼠㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼐㼡㼘㼘㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼑㼚㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼟㼜㼞㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼡㼜㻌
182 The Absurdity of Philosophy
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㼛㼚㻌 㼕㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼣㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼏㼡㼞㼕㼛㼟㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌
㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼍㼙㼎㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㼛㼡㼠㻌 㼙㼥㼟㼠㼑㼞㼥㻧㻌 㼍㻌 㼐㼑㼠㼍㼏㼔㼑㼐㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌
㼏㼛㼚㼠㼑㼤㼠㼘㼑㼟㼟㼚㼑㼟㼟㻘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼚㼟㼕㼚㼏㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼡㼚㼑㼙㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼛㼎㼟㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌
㼅㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌 㼙㼑㻌 㼒㼑㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻦㻌㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼘㼑㼍㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼍㼜㼜㼞㼛㼍㼏㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼍㼟㼠㼍㼞㼐㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌
㼙㼍㼚㼚㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻭㼏㼏㼑㼜㼠㼕㼟㼙㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㻌 㼘㼕㼠㼑㼞㼍㼞㼥㻌 㼠㼛㼛㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼜㼘㼍㼥㼟㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㻭㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼍㻌 㼣㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼏㼍㼚㻌 㼕㼙㼜㼘㼥㻌 㼏㼑㼞㼠㼍㼕㼚㻌 㼡㼚㼟㼍㼥㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼣㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼍㼘㼞㼑㼍㼐㼥㻚㻌㻌㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼔㼍㼐㻌㼡㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㼓㼑㼠㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼟㼡㼎㼠㼘㼑㼠㼕㼑㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌 㼘㼑㼐㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌 㼎㼍㼏㼗㼣㼍㼞㼐㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌
㼚㼛㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼠㼔㼛㼟㼑㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼐㼡㼏㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼐㼑㼘㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼚㼐㼑㼡㼞㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼓㼕㼢㼑㼟㻌㼡㼟㻚㻌㻌㻔㻵㼠㻌㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌㼘㼕㼗㼑㻌㻸㼍㼟㻌㼂㼑㼓㼍㼟㻧㻌㼕㼠㻌㼟㼍㼥㼟㻌
㼕㼠㻌㼣㼍㼚㼠㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼎㼑㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㼚㻌㼎㼥㻌㼟㼠㼛㼞㼙㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼙㼍㼞㼗㼑㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼘㼛㼥㻚㻕㻌㻌
㻹㼛㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻫㻌 㻌 㻺㼛㼎㼛㼐㼥㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼐㼡㼏㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼍㼟㼗㼟㻌 㼕㼒㻌 㼍㻌 㼎㼍㼎㼥㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼑㼘㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼎㼍㼎㼥㻌 㼐㼛㼑㼟㼚䇻㼠㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠䇻㼟㻌 㼕㼠㻚㻌㻌
㻯㼔㼛㼙㼟㼗㼥䇻㼟㻌 㼡㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼍㼘㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌 㼔㼥㼜㼛㼠㼔㼑㼟㼕㼟㻌 㼓㼑㼠㼟㻌 㼡㼟㻌 㼚㼛㼣㼔㼑㼞㼑㻘㻌
㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼛㻌㼚㼑㼕㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼙㼥㻌㼞㼑㼠㼛㼞㼠㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼞㼛㼘㼑㼟㻌㼣㼑㻌㼜㼘㼍㼥㻌㼍㼟㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌
㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼍㻌 㼓㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻫㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼚㼛㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌
㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㻌㼡㼟㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼗㼚㼛㼣㻌㼜㼑㼞㼒㼑㼏㼠㼘㼥㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌
㼠㼛㻌 㼏㼛㼛㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㻚㻌 㻌 㼃㼑㻌 㼐㼛㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼗㻌 㼍㻌 㻳㼛㼐㻙㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌
㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼐㼛㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼑㼑㼗㻌㼍㼚㻌㻵㻙㼞㼛㼘㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼚㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㻌
㼲㻟㻥㻘㻌 㻵㻌 㼟㼍㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼐㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌 㼛㼡㼠㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌
㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼘㼢㼑㼟㻌 㼎㼍㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼛㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼜㼍㼞㼕㼟㼛㼚㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㼟㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼙㼍㼐㼑㻌
㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘䇿㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌 䇾㻵㻌 㼓㼛㼠㻌 㼥㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼙㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻘䇿㻌 㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㻌
㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼏㼛㼞㼞㼑㼏㼠㻌㼣㼍㼥㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻚㻌㻌㻭㼘㼘㻌㻵㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼐㼛㼚㼑㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌
㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼚㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌 㼜㼔㼞㼍㼟㼑㻌 㼟㼑㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻌 㼑㼚㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼙㼍㼗㼑㻌 㼍㻌
㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻚㻌㻌㻳㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㻌㼕㼚㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌
㼍㼞㼑㻘㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㼠㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼟㼕㼙㼕㼘㼍㼞㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻧㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌
 The Absurdity of Philosophy 183
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㼍㼜㼜㼑㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼛㼡㼞㻌 㼘㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼟㼕㼙㼜㼘㼕㼏㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌 㼣㼑㻌 㼡㼟㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌
㼟㼜㼑㼍㼗㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼟㼡㼏㼔㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼚㼕㼑㼚㼠㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼛㼚㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌
㼑㼞㼞㼛㼞㼟㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼖㼡㼟㼠㻌 㼣㼍㼕㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼎㼑㻌 㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼛㼚㼘㼥㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼠㼔㼥㻌 㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼘㼑㼒㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼣㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼏㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼕㼟㼔㼑㼐㻌 㼎㼥㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻫㻌㻌
㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌 㼏㼛㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼡㼟㻘㻌 㼍㼟㻌 㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌 㼟㼍㼥㼟㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌
㼙㼕㼟㼡㼚㼐㼑㼞㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㼟㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻘㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼚㼛㼠㻌 㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌 㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㼓㼍㼙㼑㼟㻌 㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㼠㻌 㼕㼟㻘㻌 㼕㼚㻌 㼍㻌 㼢㼑㼞㼥㻌 㼘㼕㼠㼑㼞㼍㼘㻌 㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼐㻘㻌
㼡㼟㼑㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㼚㼛㼚㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻌㼍㼟㼗㼟㻌㼡㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼍㼎㼟㼡㼞㼐㼕㼠㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌
㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌㼣㼛㼡㼘㼐㻌㼔㼍㼢㼑㻌㼡㼟㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼓㼚㼕㼦㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼚㼛㼚㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌
㼛㼚㻚㻌 㻌 㻵㻌 㼣㼞㼛㼠㼑㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼎㼛㼛㼗㻌 㼗㼚㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌 㼙㼥㻌 㼓㼛㼍㼘㻌 㼣㼍㼟㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼞㼑㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌
㼙㼥㻌 㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼏㼕㼑㼟㻚㻌 㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼛㼟㼑㼞㻌 㻵㻌 㼏㼍㼙㼑㻌 㼠㼛㻌 㼒㼕㼚㼕㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌
㼕㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㼞㼑㼍㼘㻌 㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌 㼍㼙㼎㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼟㼑㼑㼙㼑㼐㻚㻌 㻌 㻿㼛㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼒㼡㼞㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌 㼍㼘㼛㼚㼓㻌 㻵㻌 㼓㼛㼠㻘㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌 㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌 㻵㻌 㼐㼑㼟㼜㼕㼟㼑㼐㻌 㼕㼠㻌 㼒㼛㼞㻌 㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌 㼠㼔㼑㻌
㼐㼡㼎㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌㼜㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼚㼛㼚㼟㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼠㻌㼕㼟㻚㻌㻌㻭㼟㻌㻵㻌㼜㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼘㼍㼟㼠㻌
㼣㼛㼞㼐㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼐㼍㼙㼚㼑㼐㻌㼎㼛㼛㼗㻘㻌㻵㻌㼟㼕㼓㼔㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼛㼢㼑㻌㼛㼚㻚㻌
Bibliography

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㼃㼕㼗㼕㼟㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㻝㻤㻣㻞㻚㻌㻌㼃㼕㼗㼕㼜㼑㼐㼕㼍㻚㻌㻌
㻨㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼑㼚㻚㼣㼕㼗㼕㼟㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑㻚㼛㼞㼓㻛㼣㼕㼗㼕㻛㼀㼔㼑㼋㻱㼙㼜㼑㼞㼛㼞㻓㼟㼋㻺㼑㼣㼋㻯
㼘㼛㼠㼔㼑㼟㻪㻚㻌
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㻌 㻸㼡㼘㼡㻘㻌㻵㼚㼏㻚㻌㻌㻞㻜㻜㻢㻚㻌㻌
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㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻘㻌㻭㼘㼎㼑㼞㼠㻚㻌㻌䇾㻯㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㻌㻰㼍㼚㼓㼑㼞㼛㼡㼟㼘㼥㻘䇿㻌㻌㻾㼑㼟㼕㼟㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌
㻾㼑㼎㼑㼘㼘㼕㼛㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻰㼑㼍㼠㼔㻚㻌㻌㻺㼑㼣㻌㼅㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌㻺㼅㻦㻌㻌㼂㼕㼚㼠㼍㼓㼑㻌
㻵㼚㼠㼑㼞㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻤㻤㻚㻌㻌㻌
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㻌 㼂㼕㼚㼠㼍㼓㼑㻌㻵㼚㼠㼑㼞㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻥㻝㻚㻌㻌㻌
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㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌㻹㼛㼐㼑㼞㼚㻌㻸㼕㼎㼞㼍㼞㼥㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻢㻡㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻯㼍㼙㼡㼟㻘㻌㻭㼘㼎㼑㼞㼠㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻾㼑㼎㼑㼘㻚㻌㻌㻺㼑㼣㻌㼅㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌㻺㼅㻦㻌㻌㼂㼕㼚㼠㼍㼓㼑㻌
㻵㼚㼠㼑㼞㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻥㻝㻚㻌
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㻳㼍㼞㼐㼚㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻭㼚㼚㼛㼠㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㻭㼘㼕㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㻺㼑㼣㻌㼅㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌㻺㼅㻦㻌㻌㼃㻚㻌
㼃㻚㻌㻺㼛㼞㼠㼛㼚㻌㻒㻌㻯㼛㼙㼜㼍㼚㼥㻚㻌㻌㻞㻜㻜㻜㻚㻌㻌㻌
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㻯㼍㼙㼎㼞㼕㼐㼓㼑㻘㻌㻹㻭㻦㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻹㻵㼀㻌㻼㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻢㻡㻚㻌㻌㻌
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㻰㼑㼞㼞㼕㼐㼍㻘㻌㻶㼍㼏㼝㼡㼑㼟㻚㻌㻌㻭㼏㼠㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㻾㼑㼘㼕㼓㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻌㻺㼑㼣㻌㼅㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌㻺㼅㻦㻌㻌㻌
㻌 㻾㼛㼡㼠㼘㼑㼐㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌㻞㻜㻜㻞㻚㻌
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㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌㻶㼛㼔㼚㼟㻌㻴㼛㼜㼗㼕㼚㼟㻌㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㻼㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻥㻣㻚㻌
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㻌 㻮㼍㼞㼚㼑㼟㻌㻒㻌㻺㼛㼎㼘㼑㻌㻼㼡㼎㼘㼕㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㻵㼚㼏㻚㻌㻌㻞㻜㻜㻠㻚㻌㻌㻌
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㻰㼕㼍㼙㼛㼚㼐㻘㻌㻯㼛㼞㼍㻘㻌㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚䇻㼟㻌㻸㼑㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌
㻲㼛㼡㼚㼐㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㻹㼍㼠㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌㻯㼍㼙㼎㼞㼕㼐㼓㼑㻌㻝㻥㻟㻥㻚㻌㻌
㻯㼔㼕㼏㼍㼓㼛㻘㻌㻵㻸㻦㻌㻌㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㻯㼔㼕㼏㼍㼓㼛㻌㻼㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻣㻢㻚㻌㻌㻌
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㻱㼢㼑㼞㼑㼠㼠㻘㻌㻰㼍㼚㼕㼑㼘㻚㻌㻌䇾㻯㼡㼘㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㻌㻯㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼍㼕㼚㼠㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㻳㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌
㻯㼛㼓㼚㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㻼㼕㼞㼍㼔㽮㻘䇿㻌㻯㼡㼞㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㻭㼚㼠㼔㼞㼛㼜㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻘㻌㼂㼛㼘㼡㼙㼑㻌
㻠㻢㻘㻌㻺㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌㻠㻘㻌㻭㼡㼓㼡㼟㼠㻙㻻㼏㼠㼛㼎㼑㼞㻌㻞㻜㻜㻡㻚㻌㻌㻼㻺㻳㻌㻸㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌
㻾㼑㼟㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑㼟㻚㻌㻿㼡㼙㼙㼑㼞㻌㻵㼚㼟㼠㼕㼠㼡㼠㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻸㼕㼚㼓㼡㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼟㻚㻌
㻨㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼣㼣㼣㻚㼜㼚㼓㼘㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㼟㻚㼛㼞㼓㻛㼍㼙㼑㼞㼕㼏㼍㼟㻛㼎㼞㼍㼟㼕㼘㻛㻼㼁㻮㻸
㻯㻺㻿㻛㻭㻺㼀㻴㻾㻻㻛㻼㻴㻳㼞㻯㼡㼘㼠㻚㼜㼐㼒㻪㻌
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㻳㾁㼐㼑㼘㻘㻌㻷㼡㼞㼠㻚㻌㻌䇾㻻㼚㻌㻲㼛㼞㼙㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼁㼚㼐㼑㼏㼕㼐㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㻼㼞㼛㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌
㻼㼞㼕㼚㼏㼕㼜㼕㼍㻌㻹㼍㼠㼔㼑㼙㼍㼠㼕㼏㼍㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻾㼑㼘㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㻿㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㼟㻚䇿㻌㻌㻵㻮㻹㻌
㻾㼑㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻟㻝㻚㻌㻌
 㻨㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼣㼣㼣㻚㼞㼑㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻚㼕㼎㼙㻚㼏㼛㼙㻛㼜㼑㼛㼜㼘㼑㻛㼔㻛㼔㼕㼞㼦㼑㼘㻛㼜㼍㼜㼑
㼞㼟㻛㼏㼍㼚㼛㼚㻜㻜㻙㼓㼛㼑㼐㼑㼘㻚㼜㼐㼒㻪㻚㻌㻌
㻳㼛㼘㼐㼎㼑㼞㼓㻘㻌㻰㼞㻚㻌㻮㼞㼡㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㻹㼍㼞㼥㼘㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌㻮㼍㼘㼠㼕㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌
㻯㼛㼡㼚㼠㼥㻘㻌㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㻹㼕㼚㼐㻌㼏㼛㼡㼞㼟㼑㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌㼘㼑㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼚㼛㼠㼑㼟㻌
㼛㼒㻌㻿㻚㻌㻹㼍㼦㼦㼛㼚㼕㻚㻌㻌㻲㼍㼘㼘㻌㼠㼑㼞㼙㻘㻌㻝㻥㻥㻟㻚㻌
㻌
㻴㼑㼕㼐㼑㼓㼓㼑㼞㻘㻌㻹㼍㼞㼠㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㻮㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼀㼕㼙㼑㻚㻌㻌㻭㼘㼎㼍㼚㼥㻘㻌㻺㼅㻦㻌㻌㻌
㻌 㻿㼠㼍㼠㼑㻌㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㻺㼑㼣㻌㼅㼛㼞㼗㻌㻼㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻥㻢㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻌
㻷㼕㼑㼞㼗㼑㼓㼍㼍㼞㼐㻘㻌㻿㾃㼞㼑㼚㻘㻌㻮㼞㼑㼠㼍㼘㼘㻘㻌㻾㼛㼎㼑㼞㼠㻘㻌㼑㼐㻚㻌㻭㻌㻷㼕㼑㼞㼗㼑㼓㼍㼍㼞㼐㻌
㻭㼚㼠㼔㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻚㻌㻌㻼㼞㼕㼚㼏㼑㼠㼛㼚㻘㻌㻺㻶㻦㻌㻼㼞㼕㼚㼏㼑㼠㼛㼚㻌㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌
㻼㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻣㻟㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻌
㻷㼞㼕㼜㼗㼑㻘㻌㻿㼍㼡㼘㻚㻌㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻦㻌㻌㻻㼚㻌㻾㼡㼘㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻼㼞㼕㼢㼍㼠㼑㻌㻸㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌
㻯㼍㼙㼎㼞㼕㼐㼓㼑㻘㻌㻹㻭㻦㻌㻌㻴㼍㼞㼢㼍㼞㼐㻌㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㻼㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻤㻞㻚㻌㻌㻌
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㻸㼡㼚㼠㼦㻘㻌㻲㼞㼍㼚㼗㻚㻌㻌䇾㻵㼚㼠㼑㼞㼢㼕㼑㼣㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㻲㼞㼍㼚㼗㻌㻸㼡㼚㼠㼦㻚䇿㻌㻌㻲㼞㼛㼚㼠㼘㼕㼚㼑㻦㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌
㻼㼑㼞㼟㼡㼍㼐㼑㼞㼟㻘㻌㻝㻡㻌㻰㼑㼏㻌㻞㻜㻜㻟㻌
㻨㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼣㼣㼣㻚㼜㼎㼟㻚㼛㼞㼓㻛㼣㼓㼎㼔㻛㼜㼍㼓㼑㼟㻛㼒㼞㼛㼚㼠㼘㼕㼚㼑㻛㼟㼔㼛㼣㼟㻛㼜㼑
㼞㼟㼡㼍㼐㼑㼞㼟㻛㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼢㼕㼑㼣㼟㻛㼘㼡㼚㼠㼦㻚㼔㼠㼙㼘㻪㻚㻌
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㻹㼍㼞㼠㼕㼚㻘㻌㻾㼛㼎㼑㼞㼠㻌㻹㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻹㼑㼍㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㻸㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌㻯㼍㼙㼎㼞㼕㼐㼓㼑㻘㻌
㻹㻭㻦㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻹㻵㼀㻌㻼㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻤㻣㻚㻌㻌㻌
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㻹㼏㼃㼔㼛㼞㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌㻶㼛㼔㼚㻚㻌㻌㼅㼛㼡㼞㻌㻻㼣㼚㻌㼀㼔㼕㼚㼓㻦㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻰㼑㼓㼞㼍㼐㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌
㻸㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼃㼔㼥㻌㼃㼑㻌㻿㼔㼛㼡㼘㼐㻘㻌㻸㼕㼗㼑㻘㻌㻯㼍㼞㼑㻚㻌㻌㻺㼑㼣㻌
㼅㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌㻺㼅㻦㻌㻌㻳㼛㼠㼔㼍㼙㻌㻮㼛㼛㼗㼟㻚㻌㻌㻞㻜㻜㻟㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻌
㻹㼛㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㼟㼠㼍㼞㻘㻌㻯㼔㼕㼜㻚㻌㻌䇾㻴㼛㼣㻌㼀㼛㻌㻰㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㻌㻭㼘㼙㼛㼟㼠㻌㻭㼚㼥㼠㼔㼕㼚㼓㻦㻌
㻹㼥㻌㻼㼛㼟㼠㼙㼛㼐㼑㼞㼚㻌㻭㼐㼢㼑㼚㼠㼡㼞㼑㻚䇿㻌㻌㻝㻥㻥㻟㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻨㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼣㼣㼣㻚㼒㼡㼐㼏㼛㻚㼏㼛㼙㻛㼏㼔㼕㼜㻛㼐㼑㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼞㻚㼔㼠㼙㼘㻪㻚㻌
㻌
㻺㼕㼑㼠㼦㼟㼏㼔㼑㻘㻌㻲㼞㼕㼑㼐㼞㼕㼏㼔㻚㻌㻌㻴㼡㼙㼍㼚㻘㻌㻭㼘㼘㻌㼀㼛㼛㻌㻴㼡㼙㼍㼚㻚㻌㻌㻸㼕㼚㼏㼛㼘㼚㻘㻌㻺㻱㻦㻌㻌㻌
㻌 㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㻺㼑㼎㼞㼍㼟㼗㼍㻌㻼㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻥㻢㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻌
㻺㼕㼑㼠㼦㼟㼏㼔㼑㻘㻌㻲㼞㼕㼑㼐㼞㼕㼏㼔㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻳㼍㼥㻌㻿㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻚㻌㻌㻺㼑㼣㻌㼅㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌㻺㼅㻦㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌
㼂㼕㼚㼠㼍㼓㼑㻌㻮㼛㼛㼗㼟㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻣㻠㻚㻌㻌㻌
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㻺㼕㼑㼠㼦㼟㼏㼔㼑㻘㻌㻲㼞㼕㼑㼐㼞㼕㼏㼔㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼃㼕㼘㼘㻌㼠㼛㻌㻼㼛㼣㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻺㼑㼣㻌㼅㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌㻺㼅㻦㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌
㻮㼍㼞㼚㼑㼟㻌㻒㻌㻺㼛㼎㼘㼑㻌㻼㼡㼎㼘㼕㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㻵㼚㼏㻚㻌㻌㻞㻜㻜㻢㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻌
㻺㼕㼑㼠㼦㼟㼏㼔㼑㻘㻌㻲㼞㼕㼑㼐㼞㼕㼏㼔㻚㻌㻌㼀㼣㼕㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻵㼐㼛㼘㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌
㻭㼚㼠㼕㼏㼔㼞㼕㼟㼠㻚㻌㻌㻸㼛㼚㼐㼛㼚㻘㻌㼁㻷㻦㻌㻌㻼㼑㼚㼓㼡㼕㼚㻌㻮㼛㼛㼗㼟㻚㻌㻌㻞㻜㻜㻟㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻌
㻼㼑㼞㼑㼘㼙㼍㼚㻘㻌㻯㼔㼍㼕㼙㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻸㻚㻌㻻㼘㼎㼞㼑㼏㼔㼠㼟㻙㼀㼥㼠㼑㼏㼍㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻺㼑㼣㻌
㻾㼔㼑㼠㼛㼞㼕㼏㻦㻌㻌㻭㻌㼀㼞㼑㼍㼠㼕㼟㼑㻌㼛㼚㻌㻭㼞㼓㼡㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻚㻌㻌㻺㼛㼠㼞㼑㻌
㻰㼍㼙㼑㻘㻌㻵㻺㻦㻌㻌㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㻺㼛㼠㼞㼑㻌㻰㼍㼙㼑㻌㻼㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻢㻥㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻌
㻼㼕㼚㼗㼑㼞㻘㻌㻿㼠㼑㼢㼑㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻸㼍㼚㼓㼡㼍㼓㼑㻌㻵㼚㼟㼠㼕㼚㼏㼠㻚㻌㻌㻺㼑㼣㻌㼅㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌㻺㼅㻦㻌㻌㻌
㻌 㻴㼍㼞㼜㼑㼞㻌㻼㼑㼞㼑㼚㼚㼕㼍㼘㻌㻹㼛㼐㼑㼞㼚㻌㻯㼘㼍㼟㼟㼕㼏㼟㻚㻌㻌㻞㻜㻜㻣㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻌
㻼㼕㼚㼗㼑㼞㻘㻌㻿㼠㼑㼢㼑㼚㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻿㼠㼡㼒㼒㻌㼛㼒㻌㼀㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻚㻌㻌㻺㼑㼣㻌㼅㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌㻺㼅㻦㻌㻌㻌
㻌 㼂㼕㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌㻼㼑㼚㼓㼡㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㻞㻜㻜㻣㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻌
㻼㼘㼍㼠㼛㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻾㼑㼜㼡㼎㼘㼕㼏㻚㻌㻌㻼㻸㻭㼀㻻㻦㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻯㼛㼘㼘㼑㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌㻰㼕㼍㼘㼛㼓㼡㼑㼟㻌
㻵㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻸㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㼟㻚㻌㻼㼞㼕㼚㼏㼑㼠㼛㼚㻘㻌㻺㻶㻦㻌㻌㻼㼞㼕㼚㼏㼑㼠㼛㼚㻌
㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㻼㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻞㻜㻜㻞㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻌
㻼㼛㼜㼜㼑㼞㻘㻌㻷㼍㼞㼘㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻸㼛㼓㼕㼏㻌㼛㼒㻌㻿㼏㼕㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㻌㻰㼕㼟㼏㼛㼢㼑㼞㼥㻚㻌㻌㻸㼛㼚㼐㼛㼚㻘㻌
㼁㻷㻦㻌㻌㻾㼛㼡㼠㼘㼑㼐㼓㼑㻚㻌㻌㻞㻜㻜㻜㻚㻌
㻌
㻽㼡㼕㼚㼑㻘㻌㼃㼕㼘㼘㼍㼞㼐㻌㼂㼍㼚㻌㻻㼞㼙㼍㼚㻚㻌㻌䇾㼀㼣㼛㻌㻰㼛㼓㼙㼍㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㻱㼙㼜㼕㼞㼕㼏㼕㼟㼙㻘䇿㻌
㻲㼞㼛㼙㻌㼍㻌㻸㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㻼㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼂㼕㼑㼣㻚㻌㻌㻯㼍㼙㼎㼞㼕㼐㼓㼑㻘㻌㻹㻭㻦㻌㻌
㻴㼍㼞㼢㼍㼞㼐㻌㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㻼㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻤㻜㻚㻌㻌㻌㻌
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㻽㼡㼕㼚㼑㻘㻌㼃㼕㼘㼘㼍㼞㼐㻌㼂㼍㼚㻌㻻㼞㼙㼍㼚㻚㻌㻌㻻㼚㼠㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㻾㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼠㼥㻌㻒㻌㻻㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌
㻱㼟㼟㼍㼥㼟㻚㻌㻌㻺㼑㼣㻌㼅㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌㻺㼅㻦㻌㻌㻯㼛㼘㼡㼙㼎㼕㼍㻌㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㻼㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌
㻝㻥㻢㻥㻚㻌㻌㻌
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㻽㼡㼕㼚㼑㻘㻌㼃㼕㼘㼘㼍㼞㼐㻌㼂㼍㼚㻌㻻㼞㼙㼍㼚㻚㻌㻌㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㻸㼛㼓㼕㼏㻚㻌㻌
㻯㼍㼙㼎㼞㼕㼐㼓㼑㻘㻌㻹㻭㻦㻌㻌㻴㼍㼞㼢㼍㼞㼐㻌㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㻼㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻤㻢㻚㻌㻌㻌
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㻾㼡㼟㼟㼑㼘㼘㻘㻌㻮㼑㼞㼠㼞㼍㼚㼐㻚㻌㻌䇾㻵㼟㻌㼀㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㻌㻳㼛㼐㻫䇿㻌㻌㻝㻥㻡㻞㻚㻌㻌㻱㼢㼍㼚㻓㼟㻌
㻱㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻚㻌㻌㻌
㻌 㻨㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼑㼢㼍㼚㼟㻙㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼑㼚㼠㼕㼍㼘㼕㼟㼙㻚㻌
㼒㼞㼑㼑㼣㼑㼎㼟㼜㼍㼏㼑㻚㼏㼛㼙㻛㼞㼡㼟㼟㼑㼘㼘㻝㻜㻚㼔㼠㼙㻪㻚㻌
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㻿㼠㼍㼠㼑㼚㻘㻌㻴㼑㼚㼞㼥㻚㻌㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻰㼑㼞㼞㼕㼐㼍㻚㻌㻌㻸㼕㼚㼏㼛㼘㼚㻘㻌㻺㻱㻦㻌㻌㻌
㻌 㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㻺㼑㼎㼞㼍㼟㼗㼍㻌㻼㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻤㻠㻚㻌㻌㻌
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㻿㼡㼠㼑㼞㻘㻌㻾㼛㼚㼍㼘㼐㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻦㻌㻭㻌㻯㼘㼛㼡㼐㻌㼛㼒㻌
㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼥㻘㻌㻭㻌㻰㼞㼛㼜㻌㼛㼒㻌㻳㼞㼍㼙㼙㼍㼞㻚㻌㻌㻼㼔㼕㼘㼍㼐㼑㼘㼜㼔㼕㼍㻘㻌㻼㻭㻦㻌㻌
㼀㼑㼙㼜㼘㼑㻌㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㻼㼞㼑㼟㼟㻚㻌㻝㻥㻤㻥㻚㻌
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㼀㼣㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㻹㼍㼞㼗㻚㻌㻌㻸㼑㼠㼠㼑㼞㼟㻌㻲㼞㼛㼙㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻱㼍㼞㼠㼔㻚㻌㻌㻺㼑㼣㻌㼅㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌㻺㼅㻦㻌㻌㻌
㻌 㻼㼑㼞㼑㼚㼚㼕㼍㼘㻌㻯㼘㼍㼟㼟㼕㼏㼟㻚㻌㻌㻞㻜㻜㻠㻚㻌
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㼀㼣㼍㼕㼚㻘㻌㻹㼍㼞㼗㻚㻌㻌䇾㻹㼥㻌㻲㼕㼞㼟㼠㻌㻸㼕㼑㻘㻌㻭㼚㼐㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㻵㻌㻳㼛㼠㻌㻻㼡㼠㻌㻻㼒㻌㻵㼠㻚䇿㻌㻌
㼀㼔㼑㻌㻯㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㻌㼃㼛㼞㼗㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㻹㼍㼞㼗㻌㼀㼣㼍㼕㼚㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻜㻜㻚㻌
㻨㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼣㼣㼣㻚㼙㼠㼣㼍㼕㼚㻚㼏㼛㼙㻛㻹㼥㼋㻲㼕㼞㼟㼠㼋㻸㼕㼑㻘㼋㻭㼚㼐㼋㻴㼛㼣㼋㻵㼋㻳
㼛㼠㼋㻻㼡㼠㼋㻻㼒㼋㻵㼠㻛㻜㻚㼔㼠㼙㼘㻪㻚㻌
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㼃㼕㼠㼙㼑㼞㻘㻌㻰㻚㻌㻳㼑㼚㼑㻚㻌㻌䇾㻭㼠㼔㼑㼕㼟㼙㻘㻌㻾㼑㼍㼟㼛㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻹㼛㼞㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻦㻌㻌
㻾㼑㼟㼜㼛㼚㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㻿㼛㼙㼑㻌㻼㼛㼜㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌㻯㼔㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼍㼚㻌㻭㼜㼛㼘㼛㼓㼑㼠㼕㼏㼟㻚䇿㻌㻌㻌
㻞㻜㻜㻢㻚㻌㻌㻳㼍㼠㼛㼞㻌㻲㼞㼑㼑㼠㼔㼛㼡㼓㼔㼠㻚㻌
㻨㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼓㼞㼛㼢㼑㻚㼡㼒㼘㻚㼑㼐㼡㻛㼪㼍㼍㼟㼍㻛㼣㼕㼠㼙㼑㼞㻑㻞㻜㼠㼍㼘㼗㻑㻞㻜㻝㻚㼜㼐㼒㻪㻚㻌
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㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻘㻌㻸㼡㼐㼣㼕㼓㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻷㼑㼚㼚㼥㻌㻭㼚㼠㼔㼛㼚㼥㻌㼑㼐㻚㻌㻌㻌䇾㻸㼑㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼛㼚㻌
㻱㼠㼔㼕㼏㼟㻘䇿㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻌㻾㼑㼍㼐㼑㼞㻚㻌㻌㻹㼍㼘㼐㼑㼚㻘㻌㻹㻭㻦㻌㻌
㻮㼘㼍㼏㼗㼣㼑㼘㼘㻌㻼㼡㼎㼘㼕㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻥㻠㻚㻌
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㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻘㻌㻸㼡㼐㼣㼕㼓㻚㻌㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㻮㼘㼡㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻮㼞㼛㼣㼚㻌㻮㼛㼛㼗㼟㻚㻌㻺㼑㼣㻌
㼅㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌㻺㼅㻦㻌㻌㻴㼍㼞㼜㼑㼞㻌㼀㼛㼞㼏㼔㼎㼛㼛㼗㼟㻚㻌㻌㻝㻥㻢㻡㻚㻌㻌㻌
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㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻘㻌㻸㼡㼐㼣㼕㼓㻚㻌㻌㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㻵㼚㼢㼑㼟㼠㼕㼓㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻌㻹㼍㼘㼐㼑㼚㻘㻌
㻹㻭㻦㻌㻌㻮㼘㼍㼏㼗㼣㼑㼘㼘㻌㻼㼡㼎㼘㼕㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㻞㻜㻜㻝㻚㻌㻌㻌
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㼃㼕㼠㼠㼓㼑㼚㼟㼠㼑㼕㼚㻘㻌㻸㼡㼐㼣㼕㼓㻚㻌㻌㻌㼀㼞㼍㼏㼠㼍㼠㼡㼟㻌㻸㼛㼓㼕㼏㼛㻙㻼㼔㼕㼘㼛㼟㼛㼜㼔㼕㼏㼡㼟㻚㻌㻌
㻺㼑㼣㻌㼅㼛㼞㼗㻘㻌㻺㼅㻦㻌㻌㻮㼍㼞㼚㼑㼟㻌㻒㻌㻺㼛㼎㼘㼑㻌㻼㼡㼎㼘㼕㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㻵㼚㼏㻚㻌㻌
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