1.

The Body's Cells The body's cells need energy, oxygen, and nutrients, including water to remain healthy and do their work. Genes direct the making of each cells protein machinery, including enzymes. Genes and nutrients interact in ways that affect health. Specialized cells are grouped together to form tissues and organs; organs work together in body systems. 2. The Body Fluids and the Cardiovascular System lood and lymph deli!er nutrients to all the body's cells and carry waste materials away from them. lood also deli!ers oxygen to cells. The cardio!ascular system ensures that these fluids circulate properly among all organs. 3. The Hormonal and Nervous System "ancreas detects high glucose #blood sugar$, releases insulin. %i!er also stores glucose. "ancreas detects low glucose, releases glucagon. %i!er releases glucose it stored earlier. Glands secrete hormones that act as messengers to help regulate body processes. Hypothalamus senses temp, glucose content, salt content. Signals other parts of the brain or body to ad&ust. The ner!ous system &oins the hormonal system to regulate body processes through communication among all the organs. Together, the hormonal and ner!ous systems respond to the need for food, go!ern the act of eating, regulate digestion, and call for the stress response. . The !mmune System ' properly functioning immune system enables the body to resist diseases. "hagocytes seek out in!aders, try to destroy and enlist the help of T()ells. T()ells read and remember chemical messages to identify in!aders from the "hagocytes. ()ells respond to infections by releasing antibodies into the bloodstream. *nflammation is the normal, healthy response of the immune system to cell in&ury. )hronic inflammation may play roles in disease de!elopment. ". The #$cretory System +idneys , waste and water remo!al specialists. +idneys , sodium excretion or retention !ital part of blood pressure. The kidneys ad&ust the bloods composition in response to the bodys needs. -isposing of e!eryday wastes and helping remo!e toxins. .utrients, including water, and exercise help keep the kidneys healthy. %. Nutrition and !mmunity 'de/uate nutrition is a key component in maintaining a healthy immune system to defend against infectious diseases. oth deficient and excessi!e nutrients can harm the immune system. &. The Concept o' (is) Factors The same diet and lifestyle risk factors may contribute to se!eral chronic diseases. ' person's family history and laboratory test results can re!eal strategies for disease pre!ention.