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ReportpreparedforthePharmaceutical ResearchandManufacturersofAmerica providedbyBattelleTechnology PartnershipPractice January2014

CONTENTS: ExecutiveSummary............................................................................................................. i BiopharmaceuticalIndustryTargetsU.S.STEMEducation toFuelInnovation,MaintainCompetitiveness..................................................................1 U.S.Competitiveness,GlobalLeadershipatRiskDuetoSTEMShortfalls.........................3 BiopharmaceuticalIndustry,PoweredbyaHighlySkilledSTEMWorkforce...................11 BiopharmaceuticalCompaniesNurturingNextGenerationofSkilledWorkers..............14 Conclusion:ArrestingSTEMDeclinetoEnsureTomorrowsNewMedicines,Economic VitalityRequiresaLongTermCommitment.................................................................... 33 Appendix........................................................................................................................... 35

ExecutiveSummary

Continuedscientificandtechnologicalinnovationsarecriticaltofosteringsustainedeconomicgrowth, globalcompetitiveness,andmostimportantly,helpingpatientslivelonger,healthier,andmore productivelives.TheU.S.innovativebiopharmaceuticalindustryiscommittedtobuildingonnew scientificdiscoveriesandtechnologicaladvances,relyingonaworkforcewitheducationandskillsin science,technology,engineering,andmath(STEM).Aroundtheworld,anincreasingnumberof countrieshaverecognizedthatarobustSTEMskilledworkforceisneededtofuelcontinuedeconomic growth.STEMworkershavebeenshowntobekeydriversofinnovationand,thus,contribute significantlytoeconomicproductivity. CountrieslikeChinaandSingaporehavedevelopedand implementedstrategiesspecificallyaimedatgainingacompetitive edgeinSTEMfields,makingmajorinvestmentsinimprovingthe stateofSTEMeducationtoincreasethenumberofscientists, engineers,andotherSTEMgraduatesoverall.Asaresultoftheir investments,theyhavethehighestratesofscienceandmath literacyamongOrganizationforEconomicCooperationand Development(OECD)countrieswhiletheU.S.nowranksamong thebottomhalf.ThereisincreasingconcernthattheU.S.willlose itscompetitiveedgeinSTEMtalentwhichwillresultinalossof innovativecapacityandrelatedeconomiccontributionsand eventuallyleadU.S.businessestolooktoothercountriesfor neededSTEMtalent.
ournationssuccessdependson strengtheningAmericasroleas theworldsengineofdiscovery andinnovationleadership tomorrowdependsonhowwe educateourstudentstoday especiallyinscience,technology, engineeringandmath.Weknow howimportantthisisforour health.Itsimportantforour security.Itsimportantforour environment.Andweknowhow importantitisforoureconomy.
PresidentBarackObama

TherelativedeclineinthelevelofachievementandinterestinSTEMfieldsintheU.S.hasresultedinan inadequatesupplyofworkerswithSTEMskillsandeducation,whilethedemandforSTEMtalenthas continuedtoincrease.Tofulfillthenationslongtermpotentialforeconomicgrowth,itiscriticalthat weadvanceandimproveknowledgeinSTEMfieldsandgrowthe21stcenturyworkforceneededbythe increasinglyknowledgebasedeconomy.STEMjobsfueleconomicgrowthinmanywaysincludingvia higherwagesandahigheremploymentmultipliermeaningSTEMbasedindustriesgenerallysupporta greaternumberofadditionaljobsacrosstheeconomycomparedwithotherindustries. Toharnessthenationsgreatscientificandtechnologicalpotential,government,commercial, educational,andresearchorganizationsneedtoworktogethertoimprovethestateofSTEMeducation intheU.S.andtobuildarobustSTEMworkforce.Americasinnovativebiopharmaceuticalcompanies areamongthoserecognizingtheneedtofindnewwaystoimprovethequalityofSTEMeducation startingatK12andcontinuingbeyondcollegetheyrecognizethataSTEMworkforceiscriticalinan increasinglycompetitiveglobaleconomy.Thisreportcataloguesforthefirsttimethemanywaysin whichthenationsbiopharmaceuticalcompaniesarepartneringwithschools,investinginSTEM education,andbringingtheirexpertiseandresourcestobeartoimproveSTEMeducationintheU.S.

Key findings of the report include: Innovativebiopharmaceuticalcompaniesandtheircorporatefoundationsaremaking significantcontributionstoU.S.STEMeducationthroughabroadrangeoflocal,state,and nationallevelprogramsandinitiativesaimedatelementarythroughpostsecondary education.Overthepastfiveyears,the24PhRMAmembercompaniesvoluntarilyreporting informationfundedmorethan90individualinitiativesfocusedonstudentsand/orteachersin STEMrelatedfields,themajorityofwhichhavebeenactivewithinthelastyear. Overthelastfiveyears,PhRMAmembercompanySTEMprogramshaveimpactedover 1.6millionstudentsand17,500teachersacrosstheU.S.Onacurrentannualbasis,about 500,000studentsand8,000teachersparticipateinSTEMeducationprogramssupportedby PhRMAmembers. PhRMAmembercompanyprogramsareimpactingstudentsand teachersacrossthecountry,through14nationallevelprograms thatrangefromfundingthirdpartySTEMeducationinitiatives,to supportingscholarshipsinSTEMrelatedfields,tosponsoringSTEM relatedcompetitionstofosterinterestinSTEMcareers.Additional STEMactivitiesarebeingsupportedin26states,WashingtonD.C., andPuertoRico,withalargerconcentrationofactivitiesinstates withadeeperindustrypresence. Intotal,the24PhRMAmembercompaniesandtheirfoundations respondinghaveinvestedover$100millioninSTEMeducationrelatedinitiativessince2008, includingawardingnearly600individualSTEMeducationrelatedgrants.In2012alone,these PhRMAmembercompaniesinvestedover$10millioninsupportingSTEMeducationefforts. Inadditiontofinancialsupport,PhRMAmembercompaniesarealsomakingsignificant inkindcontributionsbyleveragingthetalentsofnearly4,500industryemployeevolunteers, whohavecollectivelyvolunteeredalmost27,000hoursoverthepastfiveyears.Otherinkind contributionsincludeequipmentdonationsandtheuseofcompanylaboratoryfacilities, particularlyattheK12levels,atatimewhenpublicschoolbudgetsareshrinking. Alargemajority(85percent)ofindustrysupportedSTEMeducationprogramsfocusonthe K12levelsandareaimedatimprovingthepreparationofbothstudentsandteachers.This suggeststhatPhRMAmembercompaniesarefocusedonsystemicchangesinthewaySTEM educationistaughtintheU.S.byengagingyoungerstudentsandearlyeducationteachers. Over30PhRMAmemberprogramsarefocusingonincreasingdiversityinSTEMfieldsby providingstudentsofallbackgrounds,particularlywomenandminorities,experiencewith handson,inquirybasedscientificlearningopportunities.

ii

BiopharmaceuticalIndustryTargetsU.S.STEMEducationto FuelInnovation,MaintainCompetitiveness

TheU.S.knowledgeeconomy,whichfuelsresearchand development(R&D)intensivesectorssuchasthe innovativebiopharmaceuticalindustry,isincreasingly atriskastheU.S.fallsbehindothercountriesin science,technology,engineering,andmath(STEM) proficiencyleadingtocurrentandprojectedshortages inhighskilledtalent. Developingnovel,lifesavingtherapeuticsand diagnosticsrequiresawelleducated,trained, experiencedSTEMworkforcefromarangeof disciplines.Thebiopharmaceuticalindustrydrawsfrom abroadrangeofSTEMdegreefieldsthatspanall levels,fromlabtechnicianstomedicalscientistsand chemists,tomathematicians,statisticians,and industrialengineers. TheSTEMtalentpoolhasbeencriticaltotheindustrys success,and,byextension,toU.S.globalleadership. TheU.S.haslongbeenrecognizedasthegloballeader inbiopharmaceuticalR&D,withmorethan3,500drugs andtherapeuticsindevelopmentorunderU.S.Food andDrugAdministration(FDA)review.Inthelastten years,theFDAhasapprovedmorethan300new medicines,includingthefirstmedicinetotreatthe underlyingcauseofcysticfibrosis,thefirstvaccineto preventcervicalcancer,andthefirsttherapeutic vaccinetotreatprostatecancer.1TheU.S. biopharmaceuticalsectorsupportsatotalofnearly 3.4millionjobsacrosstheeconomy,andcontributes $789billionineconomicoutputwhendirectandindirect effectsareconsidered.Theseeconomicimpactsare fueledbytheR&Denterprise,inwhichPhRMAmember
1

PharmaceuticalResearchandManufacturersofAmerica,NewDrugApprovalsreports,20032011;U.S.FoodandDrug Administration,2011BiologicalLicenseApplicationApprovals,2March2012;U.S.FoodandDrugAdministration,NewMolecular EntityApprovalsfor2011,31January2012.

companiesaloneinvestedanestimated$48.5billionin2012,with mostoftheseinvestmentsmadeintheU.S.Thissectorservesas thefoundationuponwhichoneoftheU.S.mostdynamic innovationandbusinessecosystemsisbuilt.2 GiventheimportanceofSTEMskilledworkerstodriving continuedbiopharmaceuticalinnovationandtheeconomic benefitsthataccompanyit,theindustryisdevotingresourcesto advancingSTEMeducationintheU.S.AsrecentlystatedbyPhil Blake,theCEOofBayerCorporation,Duetoincreasingglobal competition,thereisgrowingdemandforaU.S.workforcethatis flexible,scientificallyliterate,andequippedwiththecritical thinking,problemsolvingandteamworkingskillsfosteredbya qualityscienceeducation.Toremaingloballycompetitive,we mustcommittoimprovingU.S.STEMeducationforall students,particularlygirlsandunderrepresentedminorities includingAfricanAmericans,HispanicsandAmericanIndians. ForBayer,thatisthereasonwecreatedtheMakingScience MakeSenseprogramandhavebeenactiveineffortsto improveSTEMoverthepast40years. Asthisreportdetails,anindustrywideeffortisunderwayto addressdecliningtrendsinSTEMeducationintheU.S.The reportexaminesthegrowingSTEMskillsgapintheU.S. economyandthebiopharmaceuticalsector,discussesthe importanceofSTEMjobstotheabilityoftheU.S. biopharmaceuticalindustrytobringnewmedicinestopatients, anddocumentsforthefirsttimeinoneplaceinformationon thebroadrangeofSTEMeffortsintheU.S.supportedby PhRMAmembercompaniesandtheircorporatefoundations.

TheUnitedStateshas traditionallyproducedtheworlds topresearchscientistsand engineershalformoreof economicgrowthintheUnited Statesoverthepastfiftyyearsis attributabletoimproved productivityresultingfrom innovation.

U.S.CongressJointEconomic CommitteeSTEMEducation: PreparingfortheJobsoftheFuture

U.S.FoodandDrugAdministration.FY2012InnovativeDrugApprovals:BringingLifesavingDrugstoPatientsQuicklyand Efficiently.SilverSpring,MD:FDA,December2012.Availableat www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/ReportsManualsForms/Reports/ucm276385.htm(accessedFebruary2013).

U.S.Competitiveness,GlobalLeadershipatRiskDueto STEMShortfalls

WHATARESTEMJOBS?

ThenationsSTEMrelatedworkforce,fromscientistsand engineerstoinformationtechnologyprofessionalsand mathematicians,driveeconomicgrowthinanumberofways andarecriticaltosecuringcontinuedgrowthinan increasinglycompetitiveglobaleconomy.Amongthepositive attributesofaSTEMworkforce: Arapidlygrowingsourceofhighquality,highwage jobs:Since2004,STEMoccupationshavegrownby morethan12percentwhiletotaloccupational employmenthasincreasedlessthantwopercent. AveragewagesforSTEMfieldsarealmostdouble overallaverageswiththeaverageannualwagesfor aSTEMjobat$82,278versus$45,790in2012.3 Stableemploymentwithlessjoblessness:In2012, theunemploymentratesforkeySTEMoccupations werelessthanhalfthenationalaverage.4 Anoutsizedimpactontherestoftheeconomy: OneSTEMjobcanoftensupportanumberof additionaljobsthroughemploymentmultiplier effects.IndustriesthatareSTEMintensivetendto havemuchhigheremploymentmultipliersandthus broadereconomicimpacts.5

STEMoccupationsgenerallyincludemathand computersciencejobs;architectureand engineeringoccupations;andlifeandphysical scientists.Buildingfromrecentresearchand applyingitsownexperienceinworkforcestudies acrossthecountry,Battellehasdevelopeda similarblendeddefinitionoftheprimarySTEM workforce,which,asshowninthetablebelow, isestimatedat7.4millionindividualsemployed in2012.*Thisrepresentsalmostsixpercentof nationalemployment,withahigherproportion ofSTEMfieldsfoundinR&Dintensivesectors includingbiopharmaceuticals,information technology,andaerospacetonameafew.
*Forafulllistingofthedetailedoccupationsthat makeupeachgroupseetheAppendix.These estimatesareconsideredrelativelyconservativeas theyfocusonthosejobsthattypicallyrequirethe mostSTEMspecificeducationandtrainingandare thosewhichcanbemostpreciselydelineatedinthe federaloccupationaldata.

Table1:U.S.EmploymentinSTEMOccupations,2012 OccupationalGroups AllOccupations Computerrelated Engineers&EngineeringTechnicians Life&PhysicalSciences Architects,Drafters,&Surveyors Mathrelated TotalSTEMrelatedEmployment

Source:BattelleanalysisofBLS,OESdata,2012.

2012Employment 130,287,700 3,766,240 2,222,850 890,890 386,720 121,710 7,388,410

BattelleanalysisofSTEMrelatedoccupationalemploymentandwagesfromtheU.S.BureauofLaborStatistics,Occupational EmploymentStatisticsprogram.ForadetaileddefinitionofSTEMrelatedoccupationsBattelleisusing,seetheAppendix. 4 BattelleanalysisofU.S.BureauofLaborStatistics,CurrentPopulationSurveydata. 5 BattelleanalysisofIMPLANInput/Outputmodels.

Current and Projected STEM Shortfall

EvidenceofcurrentandprojectedshortfallsinskilledSTEMtalentintheU.S.underscoresapotential threattothenationseconomicgrowthasR&Dintensiveindustrieslikethebiopharmaceuticalsectormay beforcedtoshiftR&Dinvestmentandmanufacturingcapabilitiestoothercountriesthatcanfilltheir STEMskillsandeducationrequirements. SeveralrecentstudieshighlighttheSTEMjobshortfallsintheU.S.Onerecentsurveyofmanufacturers revealsthatabout600,000currentU.S.manufacturingjobopeningsremainunfilledduetoalackof qualifiedcandidatesfortechnicalpositionsrequiringSTEMskills.6AnInformationTechnologyand InnovationFoundationstudyrankedtheUnitedStatesfourthoutof44industrializedcountriesand regionsinglobalinnovativebasedcompetitiveness,butsecondtolastinprogresstowardincreasing innovationbasedcompetitivenessandcapacity,includingastrong STEMbasedworkforce,since2000.7InasurveyofFortune1000 TheSTEMfieldsandthosewho work inthemarecriticalengines executives, nearlyall(95percent)areconcernedthattheU.S.isin of innovation andgrowth: dangeroflosingitsgloballeadershippositionbecauseofa accordingtoonerecentestimate, shortageofSTEMtalent.8Accordingtoarecentreportbythe whileonlyaboutfivepercentof PresidentsCouncilofAdvisorsonScienceandTechnology(PCAST), theU.S.workforceisemployedin STEMfields,theSTEMworkforce theU.S.willneedtoproduceonemillionadditionalSTEM accountsformorethanfifty graduatesoverthenextdecadetomaintainitspositionasthe percentofthenationssustained worldsleaderinscienceandtechnologyinnovation.9Evidenceof economicgrowth. thisgrowingneedforSTEMworkerscanbeseenintherising U.S.DepartmentofLabor demandfordoctoraldegreesinlifeandphysicalscience occupations,whichisexpectedtoincreasesignificantlywithPhDs requiredfornearlyoneinfourscientistjobsby2018.10 DemandforSTEMrelatedtalentandskillshasgrownatarapid rateinrecentyearswithdoubledigitjobgrowththrough2012, andforecastsexpectthistrendtocontinue.TheBureauofLabor StatisticsprojectsstronggrowthforSTEMoccupationsto continuerelativetoalloccupationsasshowninFigure1.

6 7

ManufacturingInstituteandDeloitte,BoilingPoint?TheSkillsGapinU.S.Manufacturing,2011. TheInformationTechnology&InnovationFoundation,TheAtlanticCenturyII:BenchmarkingEU&U.S.Innovationand Competitiveness,July2011. 8 BayerCorporation,BayerFactsofScienceEducationSurveyXIII,2008. 9 PresidentsCouncilofAdvisorsonScienceandTechnology,EngagetoExcel:ProducingOneMillionAdditionalCollegeGraduates withDegreesinScience,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics,February2012. 10 A.P.Carnevale,HelpWanted:ProjectionsofJobsandEducationRequirementsThrough2018,GeorgetownUniversityCenteron EducationandtheWorkforce,June2010.

Figure1:OccupationalEmploymentTrendsandProjectionsforSTEMandAllOccupations
130

125

STEM Occupations

120
EmploymentIndex(2004=100)

115 All Occupations 110

105

100

95

90
2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020

Source:BattelleanalysisofBureauofLaborStatistics,OccupationalEmploymentStatisticsdataandprojections,201020.

U.S. Trails Other Countries on Key STEM Indicators ThestateofSTEMeducationintheU.S.reflectsongoinggapsinachievement,particularlywhenlooking atkeySTEMindicatorssuchasU.S.studentperformanceoninternationalmathematicsandscience tests,STEMdegreesawardedinU.S.institutionsofhighereducation,andteacherqualityinSTEM subjects.Further,accordingtorecentbudgetdata,governmentfundingforSTEMeducationhasshown adeclineoverthelastfewyearswithfederalexpendituresforSTEMprogramsdownsince2010. AsTable2demonstrates,U.S.studentperformanceexhibitsadownwardtrendthroughtheelementary, middle,andhighschoollevels.Attheelementaryandmiddleschoollevels,internationalassessments findtheperformanceofU.S.fourthandeighthgradersranked11thand9thinmath,and7thand10thin scienceoutofnearly60othercountries,respectivelylaggingbehindRussiaandmuchofAsia.11Of note,Singaporewasrankednumberoneortwoforscienceandmathamongfourthandeighthgraders. AccordingtotheNationalAssessmentofEducationalProgress(NAEP),amongU.S.4thgraders,onlyone thirdhavedemonstratedbasicproficiencyinscienceandjust39percentinmath.Similarly,by8th grade,only31percentareconsideredtohavebasicproficiencyorbetterinscienceand34percentin math.12AsTable2andFigure2indicate,whileU.S.elementaryandmiddleschoolstudentsaregenerally aboveaverageacrossallcountries,U.S.highschoolstudentsscoreatorbelowtheaverageforother industrializedcountries.
11

HighlightsFromTIMSS2011:MathematicsandScienceAchievementofU.S.FourthandEighthGradeStudentsinanInternational Context,NationalCenterforEducationStatistics,December2012.TIMSSdataincludenationalandsubnationaleducationsystems. Among4thgraders,57countriesorothereducationsystemsparticipatedin2011;among8thgraders56participated. NAEPresultsfor4thand12thgradestudentsarefrom2009,thelatestyearavailable;8thgraderesultsarefrom2011.

12

Table2:U.S.STEMEducation,StudentAchievementinanInternationalContext U.S.Ranking U.S. GlobalorOECDAverage*

TIMSSAvg.Scores,2011
4thGrade SCIENCE 4thGrade MATH 8thGrade SCIENCE 8thGrade MATH

PISAAvg.Scores,2012
9thGrade SCIENCE 9thGrade MATH

7th 544 500

11th 541 500

10th 525 500

9th 509 500

20th(OECD)/ 27th(OECD)/ 28th(Overall) 36th(Overall) 497 501

481 494

SelectedRankingsforComparison Australia 24th Canada Germany Japan SouthKorea ShanghaiChina Singapore UnitedKingdom n/a 17th 4th 1st n/a 2nd 15th

19th n/a 16th 5th 2nd n/a 1st 9th

12th n/a n/a 4th 3rd n/a 1st 9th

12th n/a n/a 5th 1st n/a 2nd 10th

17th(Overall) 19th(Overall) 11th(Overall) 13th(Overall) 12th(Overall) 16th(Overall) 4th(Overall) 7th(Overall) 1st(Overall) 3rd(Overall) 7th(Overall) 5th(Overall) 1st(Overall) 2nd(Overall)

21st(Overall) 26th(Overall)

Source:NationalCenterforEducationalStatistics,TrendsinInternationalMathandScienceStudy(TIMSS);OrganizationforEconomic CooperationandDevelopment(OECD),ProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessment(PISA). *ForTIMSSfigurerepresentscenterpointamongthenearly60countriesthatparticipatedin2011(57countries/educationsystemsfor 4thgrade;56participantsfor8thgrade).ForPISArepresentsOECDaverage. n/a=Didnotparticipateornotreportingresults.

Atthehighschoollevel,U.S.studentperformancebeginstolag wellbehindmostOECDcountries.TheaveragescoresforU.S. highschoolstudentsarebelowtheOECDaverageinmath literacy,withU.S.9thgradersranking27thoutof34OECD nationsand36thoutof65whenOECDpartnercountriesand regionsareincluded.Inscienceliteracy,theaverageU.S.score wasaboutaverageamongOECDcountries,ranking20thamong the34OECDnationsand28thamongall65countriesandregions.

Thedomesticandworld economiesdependmoreand moreonscienceand engineering.Butourprimary andsecondaryschoolsdonot seemabletoproduceenough studentswiththeinterest, motivation,knowledgeandskills theywillneedtocompeteand prosperintheemergingworld.
NationalResearchCouncil RisingAbovetheGatheringStorm

Figure2.ShanghaiRanksattheTopinMathandScienceAchievementAmong9thGraderswhiletheU.S.Ranks AmongtheBottomHalfofOECDCountries,2012

Source:OrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment(OECD),ProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessment(PISA). Note:DatapresentedforcountrieswithscoresatorabovetheU.S.ExamplesofsomeadditionalcountriesbelowtheU.S.includeSweden,Israel, Turkey,andBrazil.

AnotherkeyconcernistheU.S.shareofstudentsearningSTEMdegreesversusothercountries.Inthe U.S.,fewerthanonethirdofbachelorsdegreesearnedareinscienceandengineeringfieldscompared withsignificantlyhigherratesinChinaandJapan(seeFigure3).AnanalysisofNationalCenterfor EducationalStatisticsdatafoundthat43percentoftheSTEMrelateddoctoratedegreesawardedin 2011wereconferreduponnonresidentstudents,mostofwhomreturntotheirhomecountries, increasingthosecountriesglobalcompetitiveness.13Additionally,arecentreportfromthe CongressionalResearchServiceexpressedconcernthattheU.S.isfallingbehindothercountriesinthe productionofSTEMdegrees,whichhasbeenamplifiedbyscaledifferencesbetweenthesizesofthe UnitedStatesandChineseandIndianpopulations(i.e.,about300millionintheUnitedStatescompared toabout1.34billioninChinaand1.22billioninIndia).14
Figure3:ShareofFirstUniversityDegreesinScienceandEngineeringFields,2008

TheUnitedStatescurrently ranks20thamongallnationsin theproportionof24yearolds whoearndegreesinnatural scienceorengineering.Oncea leaderinSTEMeducation,the UnitedStatesisnowfarbehind manycountriesonseveral measures.

CongressionalResearchService

Source:NationalScienceBoard,ScienceandEngineeringIndicators2012. EUrepresentsanaverageamongEUnationspublishedinthestudyincluding theUnitedKingdom,Germany,France,Spain,andItaly.

Manybusinessleaders,includingthoseintheU.S.biopharmaceuticalindustry,haveexpressedconcern thatweaknessesinU.S.STEMskillsandtalenthaveandwillcontinuetocontributetonationalSTEM workforceshortagesandwillultimatelydiminishU.S.competitivenessandtheU.S.biopharmaceutical industrysabilitytoinnovateandbringnewmedicinestopatientsinneed.AsnotedbyAmgensCEO RobertBradway,Iveseenthelivesofpatientstransformedasaresultofnewmedicinesweve discovered,developedandmanufacturedandIveseentheunrelentingpassionofscientistswhowork onthosekindsoftherapies.Itsshownmehowrewardingitcanbetopursuescienceasacareerand thebroadbasedbenefitsthatscience,technology,engineering,andmath(STEM)disciplinescan provide.Thedangerwefacetodayisthepossibilitythatfewerpeoplewillenterhighlytechnicalfieldsin thedecadesahead,atatimewhendemandforindividualswiththesekindsofskillsisontherise.

13

EconomicModelingSpecialistsInternational(EMSI)calculationsofNationalCenterforEducationalStatisticsdatacitedinForbes,see: http://www.forbes.com/sites/emsi/2013/05/28/howforeignborngraduatesimpactthestemworkershortagedebate/. 14 Source:CongressionalResearchService,Science,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics(STEM)Education:APrimer,p.15,Aug.2012.

Teacher Quality Concerns ImprovementstoK12STEMeducationrequireattentiontoboth sidesoftheequationstudentsandteachers.Asnotedbythe PresidentsCouncilofAdvisorsonScienceandTechnology,the mostimportantfactorinensuringexcellenceisgreatSTEM teachers.15Thisstartswitheffectiveteachertrainingprograms,but asarecentreportbytheNationalCouncilonTeacherQualityfound, onlyabout10percentofthemorethan1,200teachertraining programsintheU.S.arehighquality.16 Inadditiontogeneralteachertraining,themosteffectiveSTEM teachershaveaneducationalbackgroundintheSTEMsubject theyteach,butaccordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofEducations SchoolsandStaffingSurvey,manyoftheSTEMdisciplinesare assignedteachersthatdidnotmajorinthatfieldincollege, particularlyinthephysicalscienceswherefewerthanhalfof teachershaveadegreeinearthsciencesorchemistry,themain subjectstheyteach.17IntheU.S.,nearly30percentofmathteachers donothaveamathdegreeandoneinfourbiologyteachersdonot haveadegreeinthelifesciences.

Amongthosewhoteachmath andscience,havingamajorinthe subjecttaughthasasignificant positiveimpactonstudent achievement.Unfortunately, manyU.S.mathandscience teacherslackthiscredential.

CongressionalResearchService

AsnotedinaMcKinsey&Companystudyontheimportanceofteacherselectionandtraining,The qualityofaschoolsystemrestsonthequalityofitsteachersThetopperformingschoolsystemshave moreeffectivemechanismsforselectingpeopleforteachertrainingthandothelowerperforming systems.Theyrecognizethatabadselectiondecisioncanresultinupto40yearsofpoorteaching.18 Thestudyraisesconcernsthatwearerecruitingmoreteachersfromthebottomperformersinhigh schoolthanweshould,meaningtheprospectsforthequalityoftheeducationsystemseemunlikelyto improvewithoutaconcertedefforttomakeSTEMfieldsmoreattractiveandimproveSTEMteacher training. Incontrast,countrieswithhigherperformingschoolsystemslikethoseofSingaporeandChina,placea strongemphasisonrecruitmentandtrainingforSTEMteachers.Forexample,inShanghaiand throughoutChina,anemphasishasbeenplacedonimprovingteachertrainingandstrengthening credentialsinrecentdecades.19Rigorouseducationandtestingstandardshavebeenputintoplaceto qualifyteachers.Beyondtheseinitialcredentials,teacherprofessionaldevelopmentiscontinuously emphasizedandpromotedwithteachersobservingeachothersclasses,activementoring,continual evaluation,regulargroupdiscussionbasedonsubjectmattertosharebestpractices,andjointlesson planning.InShanghai,teacherscontinuouslydeveloptheircraftandknowledgebasebymeetinga requirementof360hoursofprofessionaldevelopmenteveryfiveyearsoftheirteachingcareer.
15

PresidentsCouncilofAdvisorsonScienceandTechnology,PrepareandInspire:K12EducationinScience,Technology,Engineering, andMath(STEM)forAmericasFuture,ExecutiveReport,September2010. 16 NationalCouncilonTeacherQuality,TeacherPrepReview:AReviewoftheNationsTeacherPreparationPrograms,December2013. 17 Source:U.S.DepartmentofEducation,NationalCenterforEducationStatistics,SchoolsandStaffingSurvey(SASS),200708. 18 M.Barber&M.Mourshed,HowtheWorldsBestPerformingSchoolSystemsComeOutOnTop,McKinsey&Company,September2007. 19 NationalCenteronEducationandtheEconomy,TheCenteronInternationalEducationBenchmarking;ShanghaiChinaprofile.

ToretaingloballeadershipinbiopharmaceuticalR&D,theU.S.cannotaffordtocontinuetolagbehind othercountriesinbuildingthe21stcenturySTEMworkforceneededtofueltheknowledgeeconomy. AsnotedbyTheNewYorkTimesEditorialBoard,Americasstatureasaneconomicpowerisbeing threatenedbysocietiesaboveusandbelowusontheachievementscale.Wealthynationswithhigh performingschoolsareconsolidatingadvantagesandworkinghardtoimprove.Atthesametime,less wealthycountrieslikeChile,Brazil,Indonesia,andPeruhavemadewhattheOECDdescribesas impressivegainscatchingupfromverylowlevelsofperformance.Inotherwords,ifthingsremainas theyare,countriesthatlagbehinduswillonedayovertakeus.20 Thenationsbiopharmaceuticalcompanies,likemanyothersectors,recognizetheneedtobeapartof thesolutionandaredevelopingandsupportingarangeofactivitiesandprogramsaimedatimproving thestateofSTEMeducationintheU.S.startingwithK12anduptoandincludingenhancingteachers professionaltrainingtofosterU.S.abilitytocompetewithothernations.

20

NewYorkTimesEditorialBoard,WhyOtherCountriesTeachBetter,TheNewYorkTimes,Dec.17,2013.

10

BiopharmaceuticalIndustry,Powered byaHighlySkilledSTEMWorkforce

TheU.S.biopharmaceuticalsectorsabilitytodevelopnew medicinesiscriticallytiedtoitsbaseofhighskilledtalent.Its workforcespansabroadspectrumofoccupationsatthecore ofU.S.innovationSTEMrelatedoccupationscanbefound ateverystageoftheR&Dandmanufacturingprocess.Lifeand physicalscientistsrepresentjustoneofthecriticalcomponentsof thebiopharmaceuticalworkforce,accountingfornearlytwoout ofeverythreeSTEMjobswithinthebiopharmaceutical manufacturingsegmentalone. Thegraphiconthenextpageillustratesthebroadrangeof STEMjobsinvolvedinresearching,developing,and manufacturingnewmedicinesforourmostchallengingand costlydiseases. STEMrelatedoccupationsmakeupahighshareofthebiophar maceuticalmanufacturingcomponentofthebroaderindustry nearly30percentofindustryjobsfallintotheseprimarySTEM groupsaccordingtoavailablefederaldata.21Theconcentration oftheseSTEMjobsisfivetimesthatseenacrosstheentire economy.Nearlytwothirdsoftheseindividualsareworking inbiopharmaceuticalmanufacturingaschemists,medical scientists,biologicalandchemicaltechnicians,science managers,biochemists,microbiologists,andotherhighlytrained scientificoccupations.ThehigherconcentrationofSTEM occupationsinthebiopharmaceuticalindustryspeakstothe industrysvestedinterestinensuringthenextgenerationof highskilledworkers.
i.PresidentsCouncilofAdvisorsonScienceandTechnology,ReporttothePresident onEnsuringAmericanLeadershipinAdvancedManufacturing,Juneii11,p.ii,cited inANationalStrategicPlanForAdvancedManufacturing,ExecutiveOfficeofthe President,NationalScienceandTechnologyCouncil,Feb.2012. ii.PhRMAanalysisofdatafromUnitedStatesInternationalTradeAdministration, TradeStatsExpress:NationalExportData. iii.PharmaceuticalResearchandManufacturersofAmerica,NewDrugApprovals reports,20032011.

ADVANCEDMANUFACTURINGINTHE BIOPHARMACEATICALINDUSTRY AbroadrangeofSTEMexpertiseisrequiredto supportadvancedmanufacturingperformedby thebiopharmaceuticalindustry.Theactivities (a)dependontheuseandcoordinationof information,automation,computation, software,sensing,andnetworking,and/or (b)makeuseofcuttingedgematerialsand emergingcapabilitiesenabledbythephysical andbiologicalsciences,forexamplenanotech nology,chemistry,andbiology.Itinvolvesboth newwaystomanufactureexistingproducts,and themanufactureofnewproductsemerging fromnewadvancedtechnologies.i Advancedmanufacturingisanimportantsourceof:

ExportsBiopharmaceuticalexportshave increasedmorethan300percentoverthe fifteenyearperiodbetween1998and 2012.ii NewmedicalinnovationsMorethan300 medicineshavebeenapprovedintheU.S. overthepastdecade.iii Economicsustainabilityandgrowth AccordingtotheNationalScience Foundation,Themanufacturingsector accountsforabout72percentofallprivate sectorR&Dspendingandemploysabout 60percentofU.S.industrysR&D workforce.Asaresult,themanufacturing sectordevelopsandproducesmanyofthe technologiesthatadvancethe competitivenessandgrowthoftheentire economy,includingthemuchlargerservice sector.Technologybasedimprovementsto productivitymadepossiblebythe manufacturingsectorconsistentlygenerate jobgrowthovertimeacrosstheeconomy.

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BattelleanalysisofU.S.BureauofLaborStatistics,Occupational EmploymentStatisticsdatabyindustry.

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Figure4:STEMrelatedJobsAcrosstheDrugDevelopmentProcess

12

Pg2[INSERT2pagespreadillustratingthedifferentjobs]

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BiopharmaceuticalCompaniesNurturingtheNextGeneration ofSkilledWorkers

Companiesandentireindustriesaretakingactionto improveSTEMeducationintheU.S.againstabackdrop ofstakeholdersadvocatingforvariousreformsofthe U.S.educationalsystem. BattelleconductedasurveyofPhRMAmember biopharmaceuticalcompaniesregardingtheirsupport forSTEMeducationrelatedprogramsandinitiativesin theU.S.TheresultsindicatethatPhRMAmembersare proactivelyengaged,notonlyincreativeapproaches toimprovingfundamentalscienceeducation,butalso inreformingthewayinwhichSTEMsubjectsare taughtandlearned.Thisisthefirsttimeastudyhas tracked,indetail,thecontributionsoftheinnovative biopharmaceuticalindustrytoU.S.STEMeducation. BattellesurveyedPhRMAmembercompaniesand theirfoundationsinMarch2013.Twentyfour PhRMAmembercompaniescompletedthesurvey andreportedthattheyortheirfoundationssupport atleastoneSTEMrelatededucationprogram. Inthissectionofthereportwedescribe: Keyfindingsonoverallinnovativebiopharmaceutical industryeffortsinsupportofU.S.STEMeducation GeographicdistributionofSTEMeducationactivities Agegroupsandeducationallevelstargeted TypesandexamplesofSTEMactivitiessupported.

WHATMOTIVATESBIOPHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIESTOSUPPORT STEMEDUCATIONINITIATIVES?

BiogenIdecandtheBiogenIdec Foundationarecommittedtoactively supportinganddrivingeducationalSTEM opportunitiesandenhancementsinan efforttocreatethenextgenerationof scientists.Ourhope,istofostera passionandloveforsciencefor childrensparkingacuriosityandlove ofproblemsolvingwhilesupporting theSTEMcareerspipeline.Asa biotechnologycompanyfocusedon caringforothers,wefeelatremendous responsibilitytohelpclosetheSTEM educationachievementgap,embrace diversityandinclusioninSTEMcareers andsupportthosewhoaredevelopingor runningsuchprograms. BiogenIdec

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Key Findings
Selectfindingsfromcompaniesrespondingtoasurveyoftheir STEMeducationactivities:22 Annually,innovativebiopharmaceuticalcompaniesare initiating,supporting,and/orfundingSTEMeducation programswithmorethan500,000studentparticipants andnearly8,000teachers. 14nationallevelprogramsarebeingsupportedwith additionalSTEMactivitiessupportedin26states, D.C.,andPuertoRico. 85percentofSTEMrelatedprogramssupportedby theindustryfocusongradesK12,andareaimedat improvingpreparationandachievementamongboth studentsandteachers.
WHATMOTIVATESBIOPHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIESTOSUPPORT STEMEDUCATIONINITIATIVES?

Scienceisattheheartofeverything Bayerdoes.Itsthethreadthatruns throughandconnectsBayer HealthCare,BayerCropScienceand BayerMaterialScience.Notonlyis scientificliteracyandahighlytrained STEM(science,technology,engineering andmathematics)workforceessential toBayersthreebusinesses,itiscritical toAmericasfutureeconomicstrength andsuccess. BayerCorporation

Duringthelastfiveyears,24PhRMAmembercompaniesand theirfoundationshave:

Investedover$100millioninSTEMeducationrelatedinitiatives; Awardednearly600individualSTEMeducationrelatedgrants; Leveragedtheskillsandtalentsofnearly4,500industryemployeesasvolunteers inSTEMprogramsandinitiatives; Volunteeredalmost27,000hours; Supportedorservedmorethan17,500STEMteachers; Impactedmorethan1.6millionstudentsinSTEMrelatededucationprogramssponsored orsupportedbytheindustryatallgradeandeducationallevels;and Supportedorfundedmorethan90individualinitiativestargetingstudentsand/orteachersat alllevelsinSTEMrelatedfields,themajorityofwhichhavebeenactivewithinthelastyear.

Someofthemostsizableprogramsarethosethattargetanationalstudentorteacherpopulationin supportofthirdpartySTEMrelatedinitiativessuchasTeachforAmerica,orsponsorshipforthe NationalScienceandEngineeringFestivalorregionalornationalsciencefairsorroboticscompetitions. Otherlargeprogramsarestatewideeffortsto,forexample,developorpromoteastatescienceinitiative orimpactcurriculumdevelopment.

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Keyfindingsfromthesurveyrepresentwhatcompaniesareabletoreportbasedonvariousdegreesoftrackingparticipationinand supportforSTEMeducationrelatedprograms.Asmanycompaniesdonotsystematicallygatherandreportthisinformation,these figureslikelyundercountoverallsupport.

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Geographic Coverage of STEM Activities BiopharmaceuticalcompaniesaresupportingSTEMeducationprogramsandinitiativesthatoperate coasttocoastandvaryintheirgeographicfocusfromlocal,regional,andnationallevels.Theindustryis supportingprogramsin26states,D.C.,andPuertoRicowithlargerconcentrationsinstateswitha deeperindustrypresence(seemapinFigure5).Fourteenprogramsareconsiderednationalinscope andpotentiallyimpacteverystate.

Figure5:GeographicCoverageofU.S.STEMEducationProgramsSupportedbytheBiopharmaceuticalIndustry

BiopharmaceuticalcompaniesareinvestinginSTEMeducationwithintheirowncommunities.Thirty twoprogramsaresupportedbycompaniesortheirfoundationswithaprimaryfocusatthelocallevel (city,county,orlocalregion).NearlyallofthesearedesignedtoimpactSTEMstudentsoreducatorsin thelocalareasandoftenschooldistrictsadjacenttocorporateoperations. ThemultiplegeographiclevelsinwhichcompaniesandtheirfoundationsaresupportingSTEMrelated educationprogramsformaneffective,layeredapproachtoimprovingeducationbytakingonlocal, state,andnationalchallengesineducation.

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Financial and InKind Support for STEM Education Programs SupportforSTEMeducationisprovidedinseveraldifferentways.Whileallbiopharmaceutical companiesdonothavecorporatefoundations,manydoandoftenusethefoundationastheumbrella underwhichtheylaunchinitiatives,providedirectfundingorinkindresources,orcontributeinother capacities.Thesurveyfindscompaniesgenerallyuseablendofapproachesacrosstheprogramsand initiativestheysponsor.Justoverhalfofcompanies(55percent)providedirectsupportthroughthe companyitself,24percentsupportSTEMactivitiesthroughtheircorporatefoundation,and21percent useablendedapproach. BiopharmaceuticalcompaniesandfoundationsthataresupportingSTEMeducationprogramsdosoinmany ways,oftenthroughfinancialdonationsorgrantfunding,manytimesbydonatingequipmentorfacilitiesto use,employeesvolunteeringtheirtimeandexpertiseforservice,orotherinkindcontributions. Amongthe24companiesresponding,threefourthsofcompanysupportedSTEMinitiativesreceive financialsupportwhichtotaled$10.3millionin2012.23Inthesurvey,companiesprovidingfinancial supportwereaskedwhethertheyweretheprimaryfunderofthisprogram(providingmorethan 50percentofallfunding)orinsteadamoregeneralsupporterofabroaderprogrameffort.Biopharma ceuticalcompaniesareprimaryfundersofnearly30percentofallSTEMeducationprogramsreceiving anyfinancialsupport.Thisshareindicatestheimportantandcrucialroleofthesefinancialcontributions insupportingnumerousSTEMeducationinitiativesandtheextenttowhichbiopharmaceutical companiesaredesigningnewprogramstofullyfundoraretheprimarysupporterofexistingprograms. Duringthelastfiveyears,amongthe WHATMOTIVATESBIOPHARMACEUTICALCOMPANIES biopharmaceuticalcompaniessurveyed, TOSUPPORTSTEMEDUCATIONINITIATIVES? $100millionhasbeeninvestedinSTEMeducation Ourabilitytotranslatescienceintonewhopefor programsandinitiativesacrosstheU.S.Someof patientsaroundtheworldhingesontheabilityto thelargestinitiativesfromafinancialfunding preparethenextgenerationofleadersinlife perspectivetendtobemultistateornationalin sciencesfields.Excellenceinotherfieldssuchas theircoveragethoughtheyspananarrayof technologyandengineeringareneededtoensure globalcompetitivenessanddriveinnovation. programdesigns.Theseinitiativesrangefrom Becauseofthis,CubistPharmaceuticals companyinitiatedanddevelopednational philanthropiceffortsarefocusedonsupporting initiativestoimpactSTEMteachingandlearning,to organizationswithprogramsinscience,technology, multistateprogramsaimedatexposingstudents engineering,andmathematics(STEM). andteacherstorealworldlabexperiences,to CubistPharmaceuticals strengtheningpartnershipswiththirdpartySTEM educationinitiatives.SupportforSTEMeducation programsalsoinvolvesinkindcontributionsnonfinancialresourcescanincludeemployeevolunteers, equipmentdonationorusepermission,andalloweduseoffacilities.Inanadvancedtechnologyindustry suchasthebiopharmaceuticalsector,theseresourcesareextremelyvaluableastheexpertiseof scientistsandspecializedinstruments,labequipment,andfacilitiesarehardtoaffordoraccessinmost educationalsettings,particularlyintheK12levels.
23

Numerouscompaniesthatreportprovidingfinancialsupportfortheirsponsoredprogram(s)wereunabletoreportanannualfigure forcalendaryear2012.The2012contributionfigure,therefore,islikelyundercountingoverallsupport.

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Companiescontributeinkindinmultiplewaysacrossindividualeducationprogramsbutthemost common,byfar,isthroughemployeevolunteers.Amongthecompaniesandfoundationsrespondingto thesurveyreportinginkindcontributions,theycontributesupportthrough: Employeevolunteers(32programs;59percentofallinkindactivity) Donationoralloweduseoflaborotherequipment(10programs;19percent ofallinkindactivity) Alloweduseordonationoffacilities(5programs;9percentofall inkindactivity) Supportinothercapacities,includingtechnicalandcommunicationssupport (7programs;13percentofallinkindactivity)

Manycompanieswereunabletoquantifytheirinkindsupportsuggestingthatthese figuresmayunderestimatethefullrangeofsupportprovided.Availabledataareprovided inthefigurebelow.

Figure6:InkindContributionsandSupporttoU.S.STEMEducationPrograms
ANNUALLY: 700employee volunteers 8,648employee hours volunteered 26,770 employee hours volunteered Communications andPublic Relationsassistance Strategic assistance
Wecantwaituntilkids areinhighschooltodothis. Wemuststartearlier,and thathasguidedmuchof ourthinkingonSTEM relatedprogramming.

CUMULATIVE, 4,463employee last 5 years: volunteers OTHER contributions: Labequipment

Level of Education and Age Groups Supported

JohnLechleiter,PhD,CEO, EliLillyandCompany

ThesectorisworkingtoimproveandenhancetheSTEMtalentpipelinebytargetingallagegroupsand educationlevelsacrossmorethan90individualprogramsorinitiatives(seeFigure7).Thevastmajority (85percent)ofSTEMrelatedprogramssupportedbytheindustry,however,aretargetedatimproving STEMeducationandopportunitiesamongstudentsingradesK12witharemarkablyevendistribution acrosselementary,middle,andhighschoolgrades.Companiesareemphasizingthevalueinsupporting STEMrelatedprogramsatyoungeragegroupstoinstillapassionforthesefieldsatanearlyage,which hasbeenshowntoleadtocontinuedacademicinterestandcareerpursuitsasstudentsage.

Figure7:SupportforAllLevelsoftheSTEMEducationTalentPipeline

K12 85%

Elementary School (K6)

22%

Middle School (78)

27%

High School (912)

Associates Degrees

32%

3%

4-Year College or University

Graduate Degrees

Post Secondary

8%

4%

15%

Note:Manyprogramsspanmultiplegradelevels.K12detailwillnotsumto85%duetosomesurveyresponsesreportingage groupsthatspanK12gradelevels,andothersthatdontspecifywhichK12group.Programsbygradelevelincludeboththose focusedonstudentsaswellasteachers.

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Types of STEM Activities Supported CompaniesaresupportingSTEMprogramsdesignedto improveachievementandoutcomesforstudentsas wellasforeducators.Asshownbelow,57percentof industrysupportedprogramsarestudentfocusedwhile otherstargetbothstudentsand/orteachers.Amongthe 93programsorinitiativesreportedbycompanies respondingtothesurvey,morethan70percentwere classifiedintothesevencategoriesshowninthepie chartandarebrieflydescribedbelow.
Figure8:FocusofIndustrysupportedSTEMEducationPrograms
[Thereisa]greatneedtotapthepotentialofthe entireSTEMtalentpool,andtheimportanceof doingsoateverypointonthedevelopment continuumbeginninginelementaryschoolwith highquality,handson,inquirybasedscience education,onthroughcollegewhereSTEMtalentis refinedandrecruited,andthenintotheworkplace whereitmustbefurthernurturedandencouraged.
Dr.AttilaMolnar,FormerCEOofBayerCorporation

Studentfocused

57%

Student& Teacher Other Teacherfocused focused focus

22% 12% 9%

Figure9:DistributionofSTEMEducationProgramsSupported

TypesofSTEMactivitiessupported:

15% 28% 14% 5% 8% 7% 10% 13%

Thirdparty related initiatives forstudents

orteachers

Scholarships forstudents orteachers Science fairs or STEMrelated competitions Summer research experience or
academicallyoriented campsforstudents orteachers

Teacher workshops or other professional

development

Classroom visitstoschools for learning

opportunities, career awareness, etc.

STEMfocused schools Other STEM activities

Supportingthirdpartyefforts:Theactivitiesmostwidelysupportedbythebiopharmaceutical companiessurveyedarethosethatsustainanexistingthirdpartystudentorteacherfocused initiativesuchasTakedaPharmaceuticalCompanyssupportforscienceteachereducation programsthroughitsgrantstotheChicagoMuseumofScienceandIndustrysCenterforthe AdvancementofScienceEducation.In2012,TakedaPharmaceuticalCompanycommitted fundingtoChicagosMuseumofScienceandIndustrytosupportscienceteachereducation programsinChicagolandshighneedareas.TheCenterfortheAdvancementofScience
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Education(CASE)programaimstoinspirethenextgenerationofinventorsandinnovatorswith programsthatempowerteachers,engagethecommunityandexcitestudents. Supportingscholarshipsforstudentsorteachers:Manycompaniesalsoprovidescholarships forstudentsorteacherstopursueeducationinaSTEMrelatedfield.Asjusttwoexamples,the EisaiUSAFoundationfunds$10,000scholarshipstoworthystudentsattheUniversityofthe SciencesinPhiladelphiaandNovoNordisksupportsscholarshipsforcollegestudentswhointend topursuecareersindiabetesorhemophiliarelatedfields.TheCubistScienceEducation LeadershipAwardhonorsinnovativescienceteachersinmiddleandhighschoolsthroughout NewEnglandandpartnerswiththeNewEnglandPatriotsRadioNetworktorecognizea TeacheroftheWeek.Atseasonsend,oneoftheseteachersisgivenanawardbyCubist Pharmaceuticalswhichincludes$5,000fortheschoolssciencedepartment. Sponsoringorhostingsciencefairsortechnologycompetitions:Numerouscompaniesare fundingstateorregionalsciencefairsorroboticscompetitionssuchasFIRSTRobotics.Celgene Corporation,forexample,hasbeenamultiyearsponsorandparticipantintheannualU.S. ScienceandEngineeringFestivalinWashington,DC.Thecompanyprovidesfinancialsupportfor theeventandanexhibit.SanofiPasteursupportsboththeBioGENEiusChallenge,apremier nationalandinternationalcompetitionandrecognitionforhighschoolstudentsconducting researchinbiotechnologyaswellasteamscompetinginFIRSTRobotics. Supportingsummerresearchopportunitiesoracademicsummercamps:Summerresearch opportunitiesarealsowidelysupportedwithoneintenprogramsprovidinghandson,inquiry basedscientificresearchcurriculumatallgradelevels(seetextboxonGlaxoSmithKlines ScienceintheSummerprogramonpage24).Novartisprovidessupporttoanintensivesummer enrichmentprogramforGovernorsSchoolscholarsinNewJerseyhighachievinghighschool studentsselectedfortheprogramenteringtheirsenioryear.ThescholarsliveatDrew Universityduringthesummerandpresenttheirscientificresearchfindingsataconferenceat theuniversity. Withintheothercategory:Severalprogramsaredesignedforchildrenand/orfamiliesto introducethehandsonandfunnatureofscience.AbbVie(formerlyAbbottLaboratories),for example,sponsorsafamilyscienceprogramfor3rdand4thgraderswithhandsonoutofschool activities.

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Emphasisonexperimentallearning.PhRMAmembercompaniesareincreasinglyemphasizingand encouragingnewapproachestoscienceeducationandcompanyscientistsarechannelingthose experiencesthatattractedthemtoscienceasanexcitingeducationandcareerpath.Thesenew approachesgenerallyemphasizethefollowingkeyelements: EngagingstudentsandteachersinSTEMareasandtopicsthroughhandsonexperimentation focusedonrealworldinquiry;and Usingrealworldscientifictools,equipment,andcurriculatoconnectwithandeducatestudents andteachersinhighlyrelevantlabexperiences.

Teachersof8thgradestudentstakingtheNAEPscienceassessmentin2011wereaskedhowoftentheir sciencestudentsdidhandsonactivitiesorinvestigationsinscience.Inthe2011assessment,students ofteachersreportingthegreatestfrequencyofhandsonactivitiesandprojectseverydayoralmost everydayscoredhigherthanthosestudentswhoseteachersreportlessfrequency.24Just16percent of8thgradersareengagedindailyhandsonlearninginsciencewhileamajority(56percent)perform handsonworkonceortwiceaweek. Amgen,headquarteredinThousandOaks,California,isacorporateleaderindevelopingandsupporting creativeSTEMeducationprogramsthroughtheworkofitsFoundation.Thesenotableeffortsinclude theAmgenBiotechExperiencewhichbeganmorethan20yearsagoandincorporatesthesehandson programcharacteristicswithaprovenapproachtointroducingindustryrelevantlabexperiencesto morethan50,000studentsand500scienceteachersannually. BeyondtheK12level,handsonexperientialprogramdesignalsoremainscriticaltolearningindemand regulatoryscienceandknowledge.ThroughitspartnershipwithRutgersUniversity,Sunovion PharmaceuticalshasdevelopedthePharmaceuticalIndustryFellowshipProgramwhichincludesa unique2yearRegulatoryAffairsFellowship.Fromtheprogrammaterials: Duetotheevolvingrequirementsfromhealthauthorities,thereisanincreasingneedfor trainedregulatoryprofessionalstoensurecompliancewithglobalregulationsandguidance inthedevelopment,marketingandmanufactureofproducts.Thistwoyear,postdoctoral fellowshipwillhelptofulfillthatneedbyprovidingwellstructured,specialized,handson, indepthexperiencesinacorporateenvironmentthatwilldevelopthecompetenciesneeded tomeettheemergingchallengesinregulatoryaffairs.

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TheNationsReportCard,Science2011,NationalAssessmentofEducationalProgressatGrade8,NationalCenterforEducation Statistics,InstituteofEducationSciences,U.S.Dept.ofEducation,page10.

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Scientific Discovery for the Classroom

The Amgen Biotech Experience TheAmgenFoundationhassupportedhandsoneducational outreachtomiddleandhighschoolandcollegestudentsand teachersformorethan20yearsthroughitspioneeringBiotech Experienceprogram.FormerlyknownastheAmgenBruceWallace BiotechnologyLabProgram,thisprogramprovideslabandother equipmentandcurriculaassistancetointroducerealworldlab experiencesinordertoadvancescienceliteracyandtogenerate interestinscienceasanacademicandpotentialcareerpursuit. Studentsandteachersengageinindustryrelevantmolecularbiologycurricula,tools,andtechniquesusedin therapeuticdiscoveryincludingrecombinantDNAtechniques,thepolymerasechainreaction(PCR),andkey moleculartracerssuchasredfluorescentprotein.Atthesametime,studentsdevelopscienceliteracy,experience workinginalabsetting,andgainvaluableinsights intopotentialcollegeandcareerpathsinlifescience fields.Teachersgainprofessionaldevelopmentin current,advancedscienceandaframeworkandlab equipmentforbringingtheseapplicationsintothe classroom.Theareasemphasizedreflectaspectsof theR&DprocessforwhichfundamentalSTEM knowledgeandskillsareneeded. Morethan50,000studentsandhundredsof teachersparticipateannuallyacrossfivestates, Photos courtesyofAmgen PuertoRico,andtheUnitedKingdom.Sinceits inception,morethan250,000studentshave participatedintheAmgenBiotechExperience.Independentevaluatorshavefoundsignificantgainsamong participatingstudentsinallareasrelatingtoscienceincludingattitude,interest,confidence,knowledge,and interestinpursuingacareer. TheAmgenFoundationhasprovidedmorethan$3millioninfundingforthelabprogramtowardmaterialsand curriculadevelopment,supplies,andteacherprofessionaldevelopment. BeyondtheAmgenBiotechExperience,theAmgenFoundationisactivelysupportinganumberofsubstantial regionalandnationalSTEMeducationprogramsservingbothstudentsandteachers. FormoreinformationontheAmgenBiotechExperience (formerlyknownastheAmgenBruceWallaceLabProgram) visitwww.amgenbiotechexperience.com.

WeadvanceSTEMeducationinanumberof ways,withthedualgoalofinspiringmore studentstogoontoscientificcareersand focusingonscientificliteracy.Thereisadearth ofAmericansgoingintoscientificfields.Weare hopingtogetmoreexcitedaboutscience.

ScottHeimlich,EdD,SeniorProgramOfficer, AmgenFoundation

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A Statewide Approach to Reforming K-8 Science Education

EliLillyandCompanyFoundationsSupportfortheIndianaScienceInitiative TheLillyFoundationhaspartneredwithBioCrossroadsandtheIndiana DepartmentofEducationtofundanddevelopamajornewinitiativein scienceeducationunderaprogramdevelopedbyISTEM,theIndiana ScienceInitiative(ISI).TheISIisdesignedtoimplementasetofinquiry based,handsonsciencecurriculuminK8schoolsstatewide.TheInitiative includesprofessionaldevelopmentforprincipalsandteachersandprovides kitstailoredtospecificgradelevels. SciencekitsandexperimentsintheISIarebasedaroundlearningmodules thatinthelifesciencesrangefromunitsonLivingThings,LifeCycles,and PlantGrowthforgrades13toEcology,CellBiology,Bioengineering,and Geneticsforupperelementaryandmiddleschoolstudents.Additionalexperientiallearningissupportedinthe earth,space,andphysicalsciencesaswell. Theexperiential,handsonnatureoftheISIisdesignedtoencourageandfosterintellectualcuriosityamong studentsinSTEMfields.Currently,theInitiativesupportsandtrains2,000Indianateachersandreachesmorethan 50,000studentsannually. TheLillyFoundationhassupportedtheISIbydonating$1.5millioninseedfundingaswellasprovidingextensive strategicdirectiontodeveloptheInitiative. FormoreinformationontheIndianaScience Initiativevisitwww.indianascience.org/.

Alladults,especiallyteachers,parents,andmentors mustfosterexcitementinyoungchildrenaboutthe wondersofscience.Allkidsarenaturallycurious,andwe shouldencouragethemtoexploreandaskbigquestions. Nooneshouldbeexcluded.Minorities,girls,kidsofall backgrounds,canlearnandexcelinmathandscience, andwemustidentifyandeliminatebarriersthat discouragethemfromstudyingthesewondroussubjects.

JohnLechleiter,PhD,CEO,EliLillyandCompany

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Helping Children Grow Into Science

GlaxoSmithKlines Science in the Summer In1986,GlaxoSmithKlinedevelopedtheScienceintheSummerprogram,whichprovidesfreeclassesandhandson experimentsatlocallibrariesandothercommunityvenuestohelpfosterinterestinthesciencesamong elementaryschoolchildren.Theprogramhasservedmorethan100,000studentsintheGreaterPhiladelphia region.Theprogramhasexpandedtoanumberofothercommunitiesincludingthoselistedbelow.Eachincludes itsownspecializedsciencesessionsbasedonpartnershipsinthecommunities:

PhiladelphiaGenetics(BucksCounty); Chemistry(ChesterCounty); PhysicalScienceandElectricity (DelawareCounty); SimpleMachines(MontgomeryCounty); Oceanography(PhiladelphiaCounty) PittsburghBioscience(Livingthings) WashingtonD.C./BaltimoreChemistry NorthCarolinaGenetics

Examplesoftopicsandcurriculumforthe specializedsessionsinclude:

Photos courtesyofGlaxoSmithKline

BioscienceStudentswillhavetheopportunitytoexploretheworldoflivingthingsbyexaminingplant andanimalcellswithmicroscopes,dissectingflowers,andlearningabouttherolebacteriaplayinnature. PhysicalScience&ElectricityStudentswillfindanswerstoquestionssuchas:Howdomagnetswork? Whatisamagneticfield?andWhatmakeselectricity? GeneticsStudentswillbeintroducedtoandlearnaboutgenes,DNA,basiccellstructure,andtraits.The studentswilluseactivitiestoidentifycellstructures,learnwhereDNAresidesinacell,learnaboutwhat genetictraitsareandhowtheyareinheritedfromonesparents,andexploreadaptationsthatplantsand animalshavemadetohelpthemsurviveintheirgivenhabitats.

Anestimated9,000studentswillhavegainedabetterunderstandingandappreciationofthesciencesthroughthis programin2013. TheprogramissolelysponsoredbyGlaxoSmithKlinebutleveragespartnershipswithleadingregionalscientific organizationsincludingCarnegieMelloninPittsburgh;TheFranklinInstituteinPhiladelphia;Morehead PlanetariumandScienceCenterintheResearchTriangle,NCregion;andtheAmericanAssociationforthe AdvancementofScienceintheWashington,DCmetroarea. FormoreinformationonGlaxoSmithKlinesScienceintheSummerprogramvisit http://www.scienceinthesummer.com/.

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ProfessionalDevelopmentforTeachers:Teacherprofessionaldevelopmentiscriticaltomaintaining andimprovingteacherqualitybyensuringeducatorsstayuptodateonthelatestadvancesinscience, aneverchangingfield,anditsapplicationsintechnologyandR&Dintensiveindustrieswherediscovery andcommercializationmeet.Examplesinclude: BayerCorporationsBayerUSAFoundationprovidesanannualgranttotheNationalScience TeachersAssociation(NSTA)foraBayerNSTAFellowsprogramandtoexpandtheNSTANew ScienceTeacherAcademy.TheNSTAisamembershiporganizationdedicatedtopromoting excellenceandinnovationinscienceteachingandlearning.Its60,000membersincludescience teachers,administrators,scientists,industryandbusinessrepresentatives,andothers committedtoscienceeducation.TheBayerNSTAFellowsProgramsupports10selectedearly careermiddleandhighschoolscienceteachersannuallywithanarrayofprofessional developmentresourcesandtoolsovera3yearperiod.TheNSTANewScienceTeacherAcademy isayearlongprofessionaldevelopmentprogramtohelpreducethehighattritionrateamong scienceteacherswhoarenewtotheprofession. BristolMyersSquibbhasestablishedthreeCentersforScienceTeachingandLearning,facilities dedicatedtoteachingandlearningbyinquiry.TheCenters,locatedatRiderandMontclairState UniversitiesinNewJerseyandatQuinnipiacUniversityinConnecticut,focusonprofessional developmentforK12scienceteachersandprospectiveteachers,amongotherthings.In additiontosupportforcurrentteachingprofessionals,theCentersfocusonpreservice teachingstudentswithcoursesdesignedtoreplicatetheinquirybasedapproachestheywill ultimatelybeteaching.TheCentersaredevelopinganewmodelforteacherprofessional developmentandgaugingitsefficacy. BiogenIdechassponsoredTeachforAmerica(TFA)STEMteachersinBostonandinRaleigh Durham.TeachforAmericarecruitstalentedteachingprofessionalswhocommittoteachingin lowincomecommunitiesfortwoyears.TFAprovidesintensivetraining,support,andcareer developmenttotheteachers.Thepartnership,supportedbyBiogenIdec,aimstohelpclosethe achievementgapseeninlowerincomecommunitieswhereTeachforAmericaprovidesteachers. BiogenIdeciscontributingnotonlythroughitsgrantbutalsobyhostingconferencesand workshopsforteachersatitsfacilitiesandofferingorientationandtrainingatitscommunitylab.

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Supporting Professional Development for Science Educators for 20 Years

The Merck Institute for Science Education RecognizinganeedforimprovedK12scienceinstruction,Merckestablishedin1993theMerckInstitutefor ScienceEducation(MISE)programtotrainscienceteachersandadministrators.MISEhasevolvedfromone program20yearsagointoamultifacetedsetoftrainingprogramsprovidingeducation,workshops,support coaches,andfamilyscienceactivitynightsforpartnerschooldistrictsinNewJerseyandPennsylvania.These programsareeachdesignedfordifferentaudiencesandskilllevelsandinclude:

TheAcademyforLeadershipinScienceInstruction(the Academy)Launchedin2008,this3yearprofessional developmentinitiativeforteachers,principals,and districtadministratorssetsouttoimprovescience instructionanddeepentheirunderstandingofleadership inascienceclassroomsetting. PeerTeacherWorkshopsTheseweeklongsessionsare designedtohelpteachersdeveloptheirunderstandingof instructionalmaterialsandeffectivelyapplythemina classroom. InClassSupportCoachesProvidescoacheswhooffer middleschoolscienceteachersassistanceinformulatingclassroominstructionplans,lessonfeedback, reviewofstudentandassessmentdata,andinsomecasescoteachingonsubjects. FamilyScienceActivitiesScienceeventsheldatbothMercksitesandpartnerschooldistrictsthatpair parentsandchildren(gradesK8)toworkcooperativelytosolveproblemsandmakescientific observationsontopicssuchasphysicalscience,forensics,orastronomy.Theyalsoserveasatoolfor schoolstoshowcasetoparentsthewaytheseactivitiesarebeingpresentedtostudentsthroughoutthe schooldistrict. MerckStateScienceDayAyearlyscienceexaminationcompetitiontakenbyNewJerseysecondary studentseitherindividuallyorasateamcompetinginthefieldsofbiology,chemistry,physics,and integratedsciencesforachancetobecomeknownasaMerckScholar.

MercksMISEprogramhasservedmorethan6,000teachersthroughnearly400PeerTeachingWorkshopssince 1993.Throughtheleadershipacademy,theprogramhasservedhundredsofteachersandprincipals,aswellas dozensofschooldistrictadministratorsinthepastfiveyears.Theseteachersandstaffthenapplytheselessonsto themorethan89,000studentsthroughouttheirschooldistricts.Inadditiontodirectlycontributingtohighquality scienceeducation,MISEisactivelyengagedineffortstoimprovesciencecurriculum,resources,assessments,and relatedpolicies.TosupporttheseprogramsMerckhasinvestedseveralmilliondollarsoverthelastfiveyearsand hasleveragedadditionalgrantfundingfromtheNationalScienceFoundation. FormoreinformationontheMerckInstituteforScienceEducationvisitwww.mise.org.

Note:Studentfiguresarebasedonthesizeoftheentireschooldistrictinthepartnershipareas(Elizabeth,NJ;Hillside,NJ;Linden,NJ; Newark,NJ;Rahway,NJ;ReadingtonTownship,NJ;andNorthPenn,PA).

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 EncouragingwomenandminoritiesinSTEMeducation.Thelatestfederaldatarevealthatcertain demographicgroupsareconsistentlyunderrepresentedinSTEMdegreeprogramsandjobs,namely womenandcertainminorities(seetextbox).Thisrepresentsbothachallengetoencouragethese groupstopursuecareersinthesefieldsaswellasanopportunitytoleveragethetalentsofallofthe nationsbestandbrightest. PhRMAmembercompaniesareengagedinarangeofeffortstoincreasediversityinSTEM,particularly withrespecttoexposingstudentsatyoungagestotheexcitementofhandson,inquirybasedscientific learningopportunities.Thesurveyfinds18biopharmaceuticalcompaniesandcorporatefoundations supportmorethan30STEMrelatededucationinitiativesorprogramsthatprimarilytargetgirlsor women,minorities,and/orstudents/teachersinlowerincomeareas.
THEUNDERREPRESENTATIONOFWOMENANDMINORITIESIN SCIENCEANDENGINEERING Inits2013reportonthepresenceofwomen,minorities,andthedisabledinscienceandengineering,theNationalScience Foundation(NSF)1finds: RelativetotheirshareoftheU.S.population,womenarelesslikelythanmento: o Pursueapostsecondarydegreeinmath,thephysicalsciences,computersciences,andengineering o Workasascientistorengineerrelativetotheirparticipationintheworkforceoverall o Workfulltimeasascientistorengineer o Workasafulltime,fullprofessorwithascience,engineering,and/orhealthrelateddoctoratedegree (womenrepresentfewerthanoneinfouramongtheseprofessors) RelativetotheirshareoftheU.S.population,underrepresentedminoritiesincludingthreeracial/ethnic groupsblacks,Hispanics,andAmericanIndiansarelesslikelythantheirwhiteandAsiancounterpartsto: o Attendcollegeortograduate o Graduatewithapostsecondaryscienceorengineeringdegree o Workasascientistorengineerrelativetotheirparticipationintheworkforceoverall

Womenandminoritiesaregaininggroundincertainareas,thoughevidencefromtheNSFstudiedtrendsindicateprogress ismodest.Amongwomen,therehasbeenanincreaseintheirshareofsocialscienceandbiosciencerelatedcollege degreesandtheyarerelativelywellrepresentedinthesefields;thoughtheirshareofdegreesinmath,physicalsciences, engineering,andcomputerscienceremainlowandshowlittlesignsofimprovement.Amongunderrepresentedminorities, therehavebeensteadygainsintheirshareofscienceandengineeringdegreesoverthelasttwodecadeswithincreasing degreesinpsychology,socialscience,andcomputersciencefields.

1

Women,Minorities,andPersonswithDisabilitiesinScienceandEngineering:2013,NationalCenterforScienceandEngineeringStatistics; DirectorateforSocial,BehavioralandEconomicSciences;NationalScienceFoundation.

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Programexamples,whichtotalmorethan30,include: TheAstellasUSAFoundationsupportsStellarGirls,a programthatintroducesgirlsingrades5through8to currentinterestingBigIdeasinSTEMFields. AstraZenecaprovidessupporttoTechGYRLSin Delaware.Theprogramencouragesmiddleandhigh schoolgirlstoembracetechnologyandtoconsidera careerinscience,technology,engineering,ormath.

PhotocourtesyofAmgen

BayerUSAFoundationhaslongsupportedBiotech Partners,whichistheBayAreasonlynonprofitorganizationprovidingacomprehensive, handson,bioscienceeducationandjobtrainingprogramforpopulationsunderrepresentedin thesciencesespeciallyminoritystudents(97percent),youngwomen(54percent)andthose fromlowincomehouseholds. BioMarinPharmaceuticalsupportsaSummerAlgebraAcademytargetinghighpotential9th gradersfromdisadvantagedLatinocommunities. BoehringerIngelheimCaresFoundationhasprovidedfinancialsupporttotheBoysandGirls ClubofStamford,CTtohelpfundascienceenrichmentprogram,andparticipationintheYoung ScientistClub,aninteractive,handsonsciencecurriculum.TheBoysandGirlsClubseekstohelp narrowtheachievementgapsbetweenminoritychildrenandtheirwhitecounterpartsaswellas lowincomechildrenandtheirmoreadvantagedcounterparts. DaiichiSankyosupportsStudents2Science,Inc.(S2S),anonprofitcorporationthatinspires, motivatesandeducatesmiddleandhighschoolstudentstopursuecareersinSTEMsubjectsina lowerincomeschooldistrict.S2Soperatesa10,000sq.ft.technologycenterinEastHanover, NewJerseywherestudentsperformhandson,ageappropriateexperimentsthatemphasizethe subjectstaughtintheirscienceclassrooms. Johnson&JohnsonsupportsapostdoctoralresearchprogramattheUniversityofMichiganfor underrepresentedminoritydoctoralcandidates.Theprogramfocusesonresearchalignedwith theimmunologytherapeuticareasatJanssenR&D,partofJohnson&Johnson.Eachpost doctoralfellowisjointlymentoredbyauniversityfacultymemberandacompanyscientist,and spendtimeworkingatbothsites.Researchprojectsarejointlydevelopedtoencourage collaborationandalignmentofresearchinterests.

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Advancing National Science Literacy:

Bayer Corporations Making Science Make Sense Program BayerCorporationsawardwinningefforttoadvancescienceliteracyandinspirestudentinterestinscience, MakingScienceMakeSense(MSMS),wasinitiatedmorethan40yearsago.Theprogramleveragesmorethan 1,000employeevolunteersandstrategicnationalandlocalpartnershipstofundamentallychangethemannerin whichscienceisbothtaughtandlearned.Anewapproachtoscienceeducationispromotedthatemphasizes handson,inquiryfocused,experientiallearning,orinotherwords,bydoingitamethodthathasbeenproven effectiveatdevelopingscienceliteracyandexcitingstudentsaboutscience. Toadvanceandpromotenationalscienceliteracy,theBayerCorporationisactiveonseveralfronts,including:

BayerFactsofScienceEducationSurveysurveysthatreachouttoparents,teachers,students, administrators,businessexecutives,andscientiststhatgaugethestateofscienceeducationintheU.S. since1995. BayerScienceLiteracyCampaignledby Dr.MaeC.JemisonDr.Jemisonisa physician,scientist,educator,andthe nationsfirstAfricanAmericanfemale astronauttoorbittheEarth,andserves astheleadadvocateforBayers scienceliteracycampaign.Inherrole sheaccompaniesBayerexecutives visitingBayersitecommunitiesto emphasizetheimportanceofscience literacyandscienceeducationreform. MSMSExperimentGuideafree bookletoffunandsimplescience experimentsforparentsandchildren.
Photos courtesyofBayer

MakingScienceMakeSenseWebsite(www.BayerUS.com/MSMS)aresourceforsciencefacts, experiments,andsurveyresults,featuringaninteractiveperiodictable. BayersMSMSprogramisworkingtowardsystemicscienceeducationreform,bringingitsemphasisonashift towardexperientialeducationtosevenreforminitiativesinlocalcommunitiesincluding:Pittsburgh,PA;New Haven,CT;KansasCity,MO;Elkhart,IN;NewMartinsville,WV;Charleston,SC;andClayton,NC. Bayerisleveragingstrategicpartnershipstoaffectchangeacrossanarrayoforganizationsincluding:American AssociationforAdvancementofScience;NationalScienceFoundation;NationalScienceResourcesCenter; NationalScienceTeachersAssociation;andtheU.S.DepartmentofEducation. FormoreinformationonBayerCorporationsMakingScienceMakeSenseProgramvisitwww.BayerUS.com/MSMS.

MSMSAudioSeriesbrieftwominutescienceclassesabouteverydaytopics.

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Mentoring Tomorrows Scientists

Lundbecks Partnership with Perspectives/IIT Math & Science Academy LundbeckispartneringwithPerspectives/IllinoisInstituteofTechnologyMathandScienceAcademyinChicago, Illinois,toprovidestudentswithaccesstohandsonexperimentsinqualitylaboratoriesaswellasaccessto Lundbeckemployeeswhovolunteerasmentorstothestudentsatthecharterschool.Throughthispartnership LundbeckhopestoinspirestudentstopursuemoreeducationinSTEMfieldsandultimatelyenterintoaSTEM relatedcareerfield. Thepublicprivatepartnershiphastwokey components:Lundbeckinvestingin renovationsandimprovementsinthescience labsatPerspectivesMathandScience Academy.Theselabsprovidestudentsin grades6to12withtheopportunityforhands onlearningandtheopportunitytopursue collegecreditinsciencethroughthe introductionofanAdvancedPlacement Chemistrycourse. Lundbeckalsopartnerstoprovidementoring tocharterschoolstudents.Lundbeck employeessharerealworldexperiencesand Photos courtesyofLundbeck insightswithstudentstoprovidethema windowintowhatacareerinSTEMentailsonadaytodaybasis.Allofthe2,300studentsenrolledatPerspectives MathandScienceAcademyparticipateinthesementorshipprogramsviainpersonclassroomdiscussionsand presentations,orthroughvirtualmeetingsessionswithLundbeckemployees.
Ourcommitmenttosciencegoesbeyond ourownlabsandintotheclassroom,where wehaveanopportunitytoinspirethenext generationofscientists.
PeterHngaardAndersen,PhD HeadofGlobalResearch,Lundbeck

FormoreinformationonLundbeckspartnershipwith Perspectivesvisit http://www.lundbeck.com/us/ourcommitment/community involvement/stemeducation.

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Developing the Next Generation of Scientists:

Amgen Scholars ThroughtheAmgenFoundationssupportoftheAmgenScholarsprogram, undergraduatestudentsareengagedinhandsonuniversitysummerresearch projectsatleadingU.S.universities.TenuniversitiesintheU.S.andthreein Europehostthe810weeksummerresearchprogramdesignedtoengage undergraduatesincuttingedgeresearchspanningawiderangeoflifescience andrelateddisciplinesfrombiochemistry,bioengineering,andbiotechnology toneuroscience,toxicology,andmoleculargenetics.Inadditionto contributingtouniversityresearch,studentslearnthroughhandsonlabexperiences,workalongsidefaculty mentors,andattendseminars,workshops,networkingevents,andamidsummersymposiumledbyindustryand academicscientists.IntheU.S.,hostuniversitiesinclude:

CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology ColumbiaUniversity/BarnardCollege MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology StanfordUniversity UniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley,LosAngeles, SanDiego,andSanFrancisco UniversityofWashington WashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis AmgenScholarshassupportedmorethan2,400 undergraduatesthatattendalmost400differentcollegesand universitiessincetheprogrambeganintheU.S.in2006andin Europein2008.EligiblestudentsmustmaintainahighGPAand haveaninterestinpursuingaPhDorMDandacareerin science.Theprogramissuccessfullyreinforcingstudentinterest inpursuinggraduatelevelsciencestudiesandsciencecareers asnearly90percentofprogramalumnithathavefinishedtheir undergraduateprogramarenowenrolledinadvanceddegree programsorareworkinginascientificfield. TodatetheAmgenFoundationhascommitted$34millionover eightyearstosupportthousandsofstudentsgloballyinits initiativetoinspireandpreparethenextgenerationof scientists. FormoreinformationontheAmgenScholarsprogramvisit http://www.amgenscholars.com/.
Ivelearnedmoreabouthowtoconduct scientificresearchandaboutmyselfona personallevelinthetwoandahalfmonths IwasinNewYorkthanIhaveinmyentire collegecareer.
Amgen2007ScholarKarenLevy,Universityof Nevada,Biology,Biochemistry

PhotoscourtesyofAmgen

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THEROLEOFPUBLICPRIVATEPARTNERSHIPSINADVANCINGANDIMPROVINGU.S.STEMEDUCATION Biopharmaceuticalcompaniesareleveragingstrategicpartnershipstoensuretheirinitiativesareeffective andtheirgoalsarereinforcedbyacomplementaryorganizationwithlikemindedgoalsandapproaches. Muchofthepartneringeffortsalignpublicandprivateentitiesinstrategicpartnerships,which,ifcoordinated effectively,canbringtogetherthebestofbothsectors.Forinstance,abiopharmaceuticalcompanycanlend professionalindustryexpertiseandresourcesindesigningaSTEMeducationprogramandtapintoanexisting publicnetworkorentitysuchasauniversityorpublicschoolsystem.Today,companiesandtheirfoundations arepartneringwithmorethan60individualorganizationsspanninggovernmentandtheprivatesectorand widespreadgeography.Examplesinclude: NationalScienceTeachers Association NationalGovernorsAssociation AmericanChemicalSociety TeachForAmericasSTEM Initiative 100Kin10 TheAmericanAssociationfor theAdvancementofScience NationalBoardforProfessional TeachingStandards UnitedNegroCollegeFund BoysandGirlsClub TheFranklinInstitute(PA) DelawareBiotechInstitute(DE) ChicagoPublicSchools(IL) NewarkPublicSchools(NJ) NorthCarolinaNewSchools Project(NC) NorthPennSchoolDistrict(PA) WakeandDurhamPublicSchool Systems(NC) CarnegieMellon(PA) DukeUniversity(NC) DrewUniversity(NJ) NorthamptonCommunity College(PA) IndependentCollegeFund ofNewJersey(NJ)

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Conclusion:ArrestingSTEMDeclinetoEnsure TomorrowsNewMedicines,EconomicVitalityRequires LongTermCommitment

TheU.S.isfacingmajorchallengesinensuringa robustsupplyofSTEMworkerstomeetthe increasingneedsofthenationsknowledgeeconomy. AtissueisanincreasingSTEMskillsgapintheU.S.,a concernforR&Dintensiveindustriessuchasthe innovativebiopharmaceuticalindustry,whichrequire abroadrangeofSTEMskills,training,andeducation atalldegreelevels. ThepotentialimplicationsaresignificantfortheU.S. economyandpatientsifthecountryisunableto growthenextgenerationofworkersequippedwith theSTEMskillsneededtomaintaintheU.S.position asaworldleaderinbiopharmaceuticalR&D.A shortageofskilledworkerscouldunderminethe abilitytodeveloptomorrowsnewtreatmentsherein theU.S.forourmostchallengingandcostlydiseases. Asevidencedbythisreport,biopharmaceuticalcompaniesandtheircorporatefoundationsare lendingtheirresourcesandleveragingkeypartnershipstomakesubstantialcontributionsnationally, inprogramsspecifictomorethanhalfofallU.S.states,andatthelocallevel,particularlyinthose communitiesinwhichtheyreside.Justastheyvaryintheirgeographicreachandscale,sotoodo theseinitiativestargetthevariedlayersoftheU.S.educationsystemacrossalllevelsfromK12 throughpostsecondary,andspanningbothstudentsandeducators.Significantresourcesarebeing leveragedwithover$100millioninfinancialsupporttoSTEMeducationprogramsoverfiveyears andnearly4,500skilledemployeevolunteerscontributingalmost27,000hourstoSTEMeducation efforts.Theseeffortshavehadamajorimpactbyreaching1.6millionstudentsand17,500teachers withinnovativeapproachestolearning,teaching,andexcitingstudentsaboutSTEMcareers. Asoutlinedinthisreport,employmentinSTEMrelatedjobshasgrownrapidlyandisprojectedto continuetogrowatafasterpacethanoverallemployment.Federaloccupationalforecastsexpect thenetjobgrowthtocontinuewithoverallSTEMjobsexpectedtoincreaseby17percentfrom 2010through2020versus14percentforalloccupations. WhilethedemandforSTEMtalenthasincreased,U.S.rankingsinkeyglobalSTEMindicatorshave declinedandothercountriescontinuetoincreasetheirSTEMinvestmentsandstrengthentheir
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STEMeducationalpipelines.Globally,countriesareseekingtoestablishacompetitiveadvantage andhavedevelopedandlaunchedinitiativesfocusedonimprovingSTEMeducationintheirnation aspartoftheirbroaderstrategiestoattractandgrowR&Dintensivesectorssuchastheinnovative biopharmaceuticalindustry.Theseindustriesareparticularlyattractiveduetothehighwages, stability,andsteadycontributionstolocalandnationaleconomies. Thisreporthighlightstheinnovativebiopharmaceuticalindustryslongtermcommitmenttohelpfill theSTEMeducationgapbystrengtheningourSTEMpipelineandimprovingteacherqualitythrough arangeofprogramsandactivities.Asthereportillustrates,allstakeholders,includingindustries thatrelyonthesehighlyskilledemployeestoinnovate,havearoletoplayinimprovingthenations standingasagloballeaderininnovation. Thenationseconomicsustainabilityandgrowthisbasedonthecompetitiveadvantageofasteady supplyofhighlyskilledSTEMworkers.InthefaceofincreasingcompetitioninSTEMeducationand workersfromcountrieslikeChinaandJapan,toremaintheworldsengineofdiscoveryand innovation,wecannotcontinuetolagbehindothercountriesinthequalityandquantityofour STEMtalent.ItisanationalimperativeiftheU.S.istocontinuetoretainhighR&Dindustries,like theU.S.innovativebiopharmaceuticalindustry,andthehighwage,highvaluejobstheybring.

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Appendix

Survey Methodology
BattellesurveyedPhRMAmembercompaniesandtheirfoundationsinMarch2013regardingthe programsandinitiativestheysupportrelatingtoSTEMeducation.Twentyfourof48PhRMA membercompaniesandresearchassociates(ortheirrespectivecorporatefoundations)completed thesurveyandreportedatleastoneprogramsupported25(50percent);theresponsesrepresent 77percentofthe30fullmembercompanies. Thesurveysoughttoidentifyanyandalleducationrelatedinitiatives,programs,orotherefforts thateachorganizationhasparticipatedin,funded,orotherwisecontributedtointheU.S.duringthe lastfiveyearsthatspecificallyweretargetedtoadvanceSTEMrelatededucationfields(Science, Technology,Engineering,and/orMathematics).Companiesandfoundationswereaskedtoprovide informationinaninclusivemannerincludingprogramsorinitiativesatalleducationandgeographic levelsandthosethattargetanyeducationrelatedconstituentsincludingstudents,teachers,and/or administrators. Thesurveywasdesignedtocollectdetailedinformationoneacheducationinitiativeorprogram supportedtogatherinformationonkeyprogramcharacteristicsincluding: Typeofprogram Focusofprogram(student,teacher,studentandteacher,administrator,orotherfocus) Educationlevel Scaleofprogram(numberofparticipants) Programfocuswithrespecttospecificpopulationgroups(e.g.,womenorgirls,minorities, schools,students,orteachersinlowerincomeareas) Geographicscopeofprogram(local,state,ornational) Typeofsupportprovided(financialand/orinkind) Descriptionofprogram Partner(s)orcollaborators.

Surveyinformationwassupplementedwithpubliclyavailableinformationfromcorporateand/or foundationwebsitesinsomecasestodevelopamorecompleteprogrammaticprofile. Formoreinformationvisit:www.phrma.org/innovation/STEM.

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Thisdoesnotdoublecountinthecasewhereacompanyanditsfoundationbothresponded.

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Additional Supporting Data

CompaniesandFoundationsRespondingtotheSurvey

AbbVie(formerlyAbbottLaboratories) AmgenFoundation AstellasUSAFoundation AstraZeneca BayerUSAFoundation BiogenIdecFoundation BioMarinPharmaceutical BoehringerIngelheimPharmaceuticals BristolMyersSquibb CelgeneCorporation CubistPharmaceuticals DaiichiSankyo

EisaiUSAFoundation EliLillyandCompany EndoPharmaceuticals GlaxoSmithKline(GSK) Johnson&Johnson Lundbeck Merck&Co. Novartis NovoNordisk Sanofi SunovionPharmaceuticals TakedaPharmaceuticalCompany

Defining STEM Occupations

InconsiderationofwhatcanorshouldbeconsideredaSTEMrelatedjob,Battelleexamined severalrecentstudiesthathavedevelopeddifferentapproachesthougheachisgenerallysimilarin thebroadoccupationalcategoriesincluded.GenerallyincludedasSTEMoccupationsaremathand computersciencejobs;architectureandengineeringoccupations;andlifeandphysicalsciences. Occupationswithinthesebroadcategoriesarelikelytorequirepostsecondaryeducationand/or relatedexperienceinSTEMfieldsappliedfrequentlyonthejob.Buildingfromthisresearchand applyingitsownexperienceinworkforcestudiesacrossthecountry,Battellehasdevelopedasimilar blendeddefinitionoftheprimarySTEMworkforceshownindetailinTableA1(seepage38).Some examplesofkeyscientistjobsinthebiopharmaceuticalindustryareprofiledhere.

16%ofScientistJobs
inBiopharmaceuticals:

MedicalScientists
Whattheydo:Medicalscientistsconductbiomedicalresearchinavarietyofcapacitiesandareoftenphysicians,dentists,
pharmacologists,orotherhealthpractitionersthatprimarilyconductresearchaboutunderstandingdiseaseorimproving humanhealth.Theymustunderstandallaspectsofdiseasefromsymptomstocausestotreatments. Inacademia,medicalscientiststypicallyteachandpublishresearchfindingsinmedicaljournals,whilethoseworkingina clinicalsettingwillconductclinicaltrialsandbiomedicalexperimentsandpublishthosefindings.Mostmedicalscientistswill specializeinfieldsthatcouldrangefromoncology,neurology,orpediatrics,topharmaceutical,biomedicalengineering,or psychiatry.Biopharmaceuticalcompaniestypicallyhiremedicalscientiststodesign,advance,orimproveuponanewdrug. MostmedicalresearchpositionsrequireextensiveeducationincludingaPhDinalifesciencefieldoramedicaldegree,or sometimesboth.Thesejobsusuallyrequireyearsofexperienceandspecializedtraining.

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28%ofScientistJobs
inBiopharmaceuticals:

Chemists
Whattheydo:Chemistsstudythecompositionofmatteranditspropertiesthoughwhatthisentailscanvarysubstantially
ontheareainwhichtheyspecializeortheindustryorsectorinwhichtheywork.Outsideofacademiaandgovernmentlabs, thechemicalsindustryandmorespecificallybiopharmaceuticalmanufacturingisthetopemployerofchemists.Chemists typicallyenjoyexploringtheunknownandmakingdiscoveries,thoughthesecanoftentakeyearstodevelop. Medicinalchemistryandbiochemistryareespeciallyimportanttothebiopharmaceuticalindustryindesigningand developingnewtherapeuticsandunderstandingthereactionsthatoccurinlivingorganisms.Researchersworkingas medicinalchemistsworkonthecuttingedgeofdrugdevelopmentworkingtowardnewcompoundsthatcanultimatelysave lives. Thesescientistsworkinalaboratorysettingandmustworkthroughnumerousissueswithrespecttodrugdelivery, qualitycontrol,andunderstandingpotentiallyharmfulinteractionswhenadministeredinhumans.Theyworkwith specializedcomputersoftwarethathelpsthemidentifythemolecularstructureofthecompoundstheyareworking with.Inadditiontosoftware,chemistsuseanarrayofhightechtoolsandequipmentincludingcentrifuges,lasers, vacuumpumps,andspectrometers. Chemiststypicallyhaveamastersdegreethoughneedatleastabachelorsdegree,andmanyhaveadoctoralor professionaldegreeinchemistry.Professionalexperienceisoftencritical.

ofScientistJobs inBiopharmaceuticals:

13%

BiologicalTechnicians
Whattheydo:Biologicaltechniciansarelaboratoryaidesthathelpbiologicalandmedicalscientistsconductresearch.
Thesetechnicianstypicallycollectdataandsamplesinavarietyoflabsettingsfromacademicorgovernmenttoindustry. Theymaintainlabinstrumentsandequipment,monitorexperiments,andcalculateandrecordoutcomesandresults. Technicians,therefore,areconsistentlyusingandmasteringavarietyofhightechequipmentaswellascomputersand electronicmeasuringdevices.Forabiologicaltechnician,thesamplesanalyzedmayoftenincludeblood,viruses,bacteria, food,ordrugs. Inanindustrysetting,manybiologicaltechnicianswillworkontranslatingscientificexperimentsandfindingsintocommercial products. Examplesofwhatabiologicaltechnicianmightbeworkingoncouldinclude: Administeringandtestinganewdrugthatsuppressestumorstomiceinapharmaceuticalresearchstudy. Testingwaterorsoilsamplesforcontamination. Runsamplesofgeneticallymodifiedfoodstotesthowchangesaffectproteins. PerforminggeneticsresearchbysequencingDNAsamples.

Inadditiontoanassociatesorbachelorsdegreeinalifesciencefield,abiologicaltechnicianoftenneedsastrong backgroundinchemistryandmath.

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TableA1.STEMOccupations(Basedon2010StandardOccupationalClassificationStructure) SOCCode 171011 171012 171021 171022 173011 173012 173013 173019 173031 113021 151111 151121 151131 151132 151133 151141 151142 151150 151179 151799 119041 172011 172021 172031 172041 172051 172061 172071 172072 172081 172111 172112 172121 172131 172141 172151 172161 172171 172199 173021 173022 173023 173024 173025 OCCUPATIONALTITLE Architects,Drafters,&Surveyors Architects,ExceptLandscapeandNaval LandscapeArchitects CartographersandPhotogrammetrists Surveyors ArchitecturalandCivilDrafters ElectricalandElectronicsDrafters MechanicalDrafters Drafters,AllOther SurveyingandMappingTechnicians Computerrelated ComputerandInformationSystemsManagers ComputerandInformationResearchScientists ComputerSystemsAnalysts ComputerProgrammers SoftwareDevelopers,Applications SoftwareDevelopers,SystemsSoftware DatabaseAdministrators NetworkandComputerSystemsAdministrators ComputerSupportSpecialists InformationSecurityAnalysts,WebDevelopers,andComputerNetworkArchitects ComputerOccupations,AllOther Engineers&EngineeringTechnicians ArchitecturalandEngineeringManagers AerospaceEngineers AgriculturalEngineers BiomedicalEngineers ChemicalEngineers CivilEngineers ComputerHardwareEngineers ElectricalEngineers ElectronicsEngineers,ExceptComputer EnvironmentalEngineers HealthandSafetyEngineers,ExceptMiningSafetyEngineersandInspectors IndustrialEngineers MarineEngineersandNavalArchitects MaterialsEngineers MechanicalEngineers MiningandGeologicalEngineers,IncludingMiningSafetyEngineers NuclearEngineers PetroleumEngineers Engineers,AllOther AerospaceEngineeringandOperationsTechnicians CivilEngineeringTechnicians ElectricalandElectronicsEngineeringTechnicians ElectroMechanicalTechnicians EnvironmentalEngineeringTechnicians
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SOCCode 173026 173027 173029 419031 119121 191011 191012 191013 191021 191022 191023 191029 191031 191032 191041 191042 191099 192011 192012 192021 192031 192032 192041 192042 192043 192099 194011 194021 194031 194041 194051 194091 194092 194093 194099 152011 152021 152031 152041 152091 152099

OCCUPATIONALTITLE IndustrialEngineeringTechnicians MechanicalEngineeringTechnicians EngineeringTechnicians,ExceptDrafters,AllOther SalesEngineers Life&PhysicalSciences NaturalSciencesManagers AnimalScientists FoodScientistsandTechnologists SoilandPlantScientists BiochemistsandBiophysicists Microbiologists ZoologistsandWildlifeBiologists BiologicalScientists,AllOther ConservationScientists Foresters Epidemiologists MedicalScientists,ExceptEpidemiologists LifeScientists,AllOther Astronomers Physicists AtmosphericandSpaceScientists Chemists MaterialsScientists EnvironmentalScientistsandSpecialists,IncludingHealth Geoscientists,ExceptHydrologistsandGeographers Hydrologists PhysicalScientists,AllOther AgriculturalandFoodScienceTechnicians BiologicalTechnicians ChemicalTechnicians GeologicalandPetroleumTechnicians NuclearTechnicians EnvironmentalScienceandProtectionTechnicians,IncludingHealth ForensicScienceTechnicians ForestandConservationTechnicians Life,Physical,andSocialScienceTechnicians,AllOther Mathrelated Actuaries Mathematicians OperationsResearchAnalysts Statisticians MathematicalTechnicians MathematicalScienceOccupations,AllOther

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