Module 2: Managing Router

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

1. Switching 2. Forwarding

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

RouterX#sh flash -#- --length-- -----date/time-----1 14951648 Feb 22 2007 21:38:56 2 1823 Dec 14 2006 08:24:54 3 4734464 Dec 14 2006 08:25:24 4 833024 Dec 14 2006 08:25:38 5 1052160 Dec 14 2006 08:25:54 6 1038 Dec 14 2006 08:26:08 7 102400 Dec 14 2006 08:26:22 8 491213 Dec 14 2006 08:26:40

path +00:00 +00:00 +00:00 +00:00 +00:00 +00:00 +00:00 +00:00

c2800nm-ipbase-mz.124-5a.bin sdmconfig-2811.cfg sdm.tar es.tar common.tar home.shtml home.tar 128MB.sdf

41836544 bytes available (22179840 bytes used)

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

RouterX#copy flash tftp: Source filename []? c2800nm-ipbase-mz.124-5a.binAddress or name of remote host []? 10.1.1.1 Destination filename [c2800nm-ipbase-mz.124-5a.bin] !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!<output omitted> 12094416 bytes copied in 98.858 secs (122341 bytes/sec) RouterX#

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

RouterX#copy tftp flash: Address or name of remote host [10.1.1.1]? Source filename []? c2800nm-ipbase-mz.124-5a.bin Destination filename [c2800nm-ipbase-mz.124-5a.bin] Accessing tftp://10.1.1.1/c2600-js-mz.122-21a.bin... Erase flash: before copying? [confirm] Erasing the flash filesystem will remove all files! Continue? [confirm] Erasing device... eeeeeeeeee (output omitted) ...erased Erase of flash: complete Loading c2800nm-ipbase-mz.124-5a.bin from 10.1.1.1 (via Ethernet0/0): !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! (output omited) [OK - 12094416 bytes] Verifying checksum... OK (0x45E2) 12094416 bytes copied in 120.465 secs (100398 bytes/sec) RouterX#

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

 NVRAM Terminal TFTP server Erase start

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

 Show version
Show flash Show running-config Show startup-config

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

Cisco Discovery Protocol is a proprietary utility that provides a summary of directly connected switches, routers, and other Cisco devices. Cisco Discovery Protocol discovers neighboring devices, regardless of which protocol suite they are running. Physical media must support the SNAP encapsulation.

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

Cisco Discovery Protocol runs on Cisco IOS devices. Summary information includes: Device identifiers Address list

Port identifier
Capabilities list Platform

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

10

RouterA#show cdp neighbors Capability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route Bridge S - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater Device ID SwitchA RouterB Local Intrfce fa0/0 s0/0/0 Holdtme 122 177 Capability S I R S I Platform Port ID WS-C2960- fa0/2 2811 s0/0/1

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

11

Device ID: RouterB Entry address(es): IP address: 10.1.1.2 Platform: Cisco 2811, Capabilities: Router Switch IGMP Interface: Serial0/0/0, Port ID (outgoing port): Serial0/0/1 Holdtime : 155 sec

Version : Cisco IOS Software, 2800 Software (C2800NM-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.4(12), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport Copyright (c) 1986-2006 by Cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Fri 17-Nov-06 12:02 by prod_rel_team
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 12

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

13

There are several ways to access the CLI environment. The most usual methods are: Console Telnet or SSH AUX port

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

14

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

15

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

16

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

17

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

18

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

19

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

20

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

21

10.22.66.1 255.255.255.0 Fa0/0 LAN/Ethernet BKN

192.168.1.1 255.255.255.252 S0/0

192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252 ISP S0/0 Console

172.16.16.1 255.255.255.0 Fa0/0

DTE DCE

Console

LAN/Ethernet 172.16.16.5 255.255.255.0

10.22.66.194 255.255.255.0

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

22

Command/Perintah
Router BKN Router> Router>enable Router#config t Router(config)#hostname BKN BKN(config)#enable password cisco BKN(config)#enable secret ccna BKN(config)#service password-encryption BKN(config)#interface Fastethernet 0/0 BKN(config-if)#description To-LAN BKN(config-if)#ip add 10.22.66.1 255.255.255.0 BKN(config)#interface Serial 0/0

Keterangan
User Mode Masuk ke Priviledge Mode Masuk ke configuration terminal Memberikan Nama Router Mengaktifkan password cisco Mengoverride enable password Mengenkripsi semua password Masuk ke Interface Fastethetnet 0/0 Memberi keterangan pada fastethernet 0/0 Menset alamat IP di fastethernet 0/0 Masuk ke Interface Serial 0/0

BKN(config-if)#description To-WAN
BKN(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.252 BKN(config-if)#exit BKN(config)#line vty 0 4 BKN(config-line)#password siswa BKN(config-line)#login BKN(config-line)#exit BKN(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/0

Memberi keterangan pada Serial 0/0

Menset alamat IP di Serial 0/0

Keluar ke Global Config Membuat 5 session Telnet Menset Password Telnet Login Keluar ke Global Config Routing ke arah LAN Router ISP

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

23

ISP
Router> Router>enable Router#config t Router(config)#hostname ISP ISP(config)#enable password cisco ISP(config)#enable secret ccna ISP(config)#service password-encryption ISP(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0

User Mode Masuk ke Priviledge Mode Masuk ke configuration terminal Memberikan Nama Router Mengaktifkan password cisco Mengoverride enable password Mengenkripsi semua password Masuk ke Interface Fastethernet 0/0

ISP(config-if)#description To-LAN
ISP(config-if)#ip add 172.16.16.1 255.255.255.0 ISP(config)#interface Serial 0/0 ISP(config-if)#description To-WAN ISP(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252 ISP(config-if)#clock rate 64000 ISP(config-if)#exit ISP(config)#line vty 0 4 ISP(config-line)#password siswa

Memberi keterangan pada Fastethernet 0/0

Menset alamat IP di Fastethernet 0/0 Masuk ke Interface Serial 0/0 Memberi keterangan pada Serial 0/0 Menset alamat IP di Serial 0/0

Menset Kecepatan Link u/ DCE Keluar ke Global Config Membuat 5 session Telnet Menset Password Telnet

ISP(config-line)#login
BKN(config-line)#exit BKN(config)#ip route 10.22.66.0 255.255.255.0 S0

Login
Keluar ke Global Config Routing ke arah LAN Router BKN
Cisco Confidential 24

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

-Show running-config -Show ip interface brief

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

25

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

26

A router needs to do the following:

Know the destination address.
Identify the sources from which the router can learn. Discover possible routes to the intended destination. Select the best route. Maintain and verify routing information.
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 27

Routers must learn destinations that are not directly connected.

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

28

Static Route
Uses a route that a network administrator enters into the router manually

Dynamic Route
Uses a route that a network routing protocol adjusts automatically for topology or traffic changes

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

29

Configure unidirectional static routes to and from a stub network to allow communications to occur.

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

30

RouterX(config)# ip route network [mask] {address | interface}[distance] [permanent]

Defines a path to an IP destination network or subnet or host Address = IP address of the next hop router

Interface = outbound interface of the local router

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

31

RouterX(config)# ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.1

or
Router(config)#ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0/0

This is a unidirectional route. You must have a route configured in the opposite direction.
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 32

 This route allows the stub network to reach all known networks beyond Router A.
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 33

RouterX# show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default U - per-user static route Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.0/8 is subnetted, 1 subnets 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Serial0

C S*

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

34

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

35

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

36

 Routing protocols are used between routers to determine paths to remote networks and maintain those networks in the routing tables.

After the path is determined, a router can route a routed protocol to the learned networks.

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

37

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

38

 An autonomous system is a collection of networks within a common administrative domain.

Interior gateway protocols operate within an autonomous system. Exterior gateway protocols connect different autonomous systems.
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 39

Routers pass periodic copies of their routing table to neighboring routers and accumulate distance vectors.
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 40

After an initial flood of LSAs, link-state routers pass small, event-triggered link-state updates to all other routers.
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 41

 Benefits of link-state routing:

Fast convergence: Changes are reported immediately by the affected source Robustness against routing loops: Routers know the topology Link-state packets are sequenced and acknowledged Hierarchical network design enables optimization of resources.

Drawbacks of link-state routing:

Significant demands for resources:

Memory (three tables: adjacency, topology, forwarding)

CPU (Dijkstras algorithm can be intensive, especially when there are many instabilities)

Requires very strict network design Configuration can be complex when tuning various parameters and when design is complex
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 42

 Classful routing protocols do not include the subnet mask with the route advertisement. Within the same network, consistency of the subnet masks is assumed. Summary routes are exchanged between foreign networks. These are examples of classful routing protocols:
RIPv1 IGRP

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

43

 Classless routing protocols include the subnet mask with the route advertisement. Classless routing protocols support a variable-length subnet mask (VLSM). Summary routes can be manually controlled within the network. These are examples of classless routing protocols: RIPv2 EIGRP OSPF IS-IS

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

44

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

45

Routers choose the routing source with the best administrative distance:
OSPF has an administrative distance of 110. EIGRP has an administrative distance of 90.
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 46

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

47

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

48

 Maximum is 16 equal-cost paths (default = 4) Hop-count metric selects the path Routes update every 30 seconds
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 49

RIPv1 Routing protocol Classful

RIPv2 Classless

Supports variable-length subnet mask?

Sends the subnet mask along with the routing update? Addressing type Defined in Supports manual route summarization? Authentication support?

No
No Broadcast RFC 1058 No No

Yes
Yes Multicast

RFCs 1721, 1722, and 2453

Yes Yes

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

50

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

51

RouterX(config)# router rip Starts the RIP routing process RouterX(config-router)# version 2 Enables RIP version 2 RouterX(config-router)# network network-number Selects participating attached networks Requires a major classful network number

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

52

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

53

Routing Protocol is "rip" Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 6 seconds Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240 Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Redistributing: rip Default version control: send version 2, receive version 2 Interface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain FastEthernet0/0 2 2 Serial0/0/2 2 2 Automatic network summarization is in effect Maximum path: 4 Routing for Networks: 10.0.0.0 172.16.0.0 Routing Information Sources: Gateway Distance Last Update 10.1.1.2 120 00:00:25 Distance: (default is 120) RouterA#
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 54

RouterA# show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR T - traffic engineered route Gateway of last resort is not set

C R C R

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, fastethernet0/0 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets 10.2.2.0 [120/1] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:07, Serial0/0/2 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/2 192.168.1.0/24 [120/2] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:07, Serial0/0/2

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

55

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

56

Advanced distance vector Rapid convergence 100% loop-free classless routing Easy configuration Incremental updates Load balancing across equaland unequal-cost pathways

Flexible network design Multicast and unicast instead of broadcast address Support for VLSM and discontiguous subnets Manual summarization at any point in the internetwork Support for multiple network layer protocols
Cisco Confidential 57

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

EIGRP has 5 packet type: Hello packets Update packets Acknowledgement packets Query packets Reply packets

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

58

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

59

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

60

RouterX(config)# router eigrp autonomous-system

RouterX(config-router)# network network-number

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

61

RouterX# show ip route eigrp

Displays the current EIGRP entries in the routing table

RouterX# show ip protocols

Displays the parameters and current state of the active process

RouterX# show ip eigrp interfaces

Displays information about interfaces configured for EIGRP

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

62

RouterX# show ip eigrp neighbors [detail]

Displays the neighbors discovered by IP EIGRP

RouterX# show ip eigrp neighbors IP-EIGRP Neighbors for process 77 Address Interface Holdtime Uptime Q Seq (secs) (h:m:s) Count Num 172.16.81.28 Ethernet1 13 0:00:41 0 11 172.16.80.28 Ethernet0 14 0:02:01 0 10 172.16.80.31 Ethernet0 12 0:02:02 0 4

SRTT (ms) 4 12 5

RTO (ms) 20 24 20

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

63

RouterX# show ip eigrp topology [all]

Displays the IP EIGRP topology table Without the [all] parameter, shows successors and feasible successors
RouterX# show ip eigrp topology IP-EIGRP Topology Table for process 77 Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply, r - Reply status P 172.16.90.0 255.255.255.0, 2 successors, FD is 46251776 via 172.16.80.28 (46251776/46226176), Ethernet0 via 172.16.81.28 (46251776/46226176), Ethernet1 via 172.16.80.31 (46277376/46251776), Serial0 P 172.16.81.0 255.255.255.0, 2 successors, FD is 307200 via Connected, Ethernet1 via 172.16.81.28 (307200/281600), Ethernet1 via 172.16.80.28 (307200/281600), Ethernet0 via 172.16.80.31 (332800/307200), Serial0

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

64

The criteria that EIGRP uses by default to calculate its metric:

Bandwidth Delay

The optional criteria that EIGRP can be configured to use when calculating its metric:
Reliability
Load

Note: Although MTU is exchanged in EIGRP packets between neighbor routers, MTU is not factored into the EIGRP metric calculation.

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

65

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

66

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

67

DUAL Purpose of DUAL To prevent routing loops Successor Primary route to a destination Feasible successor Backup route to a destination Feasible distance Lowest calculated metric to a destination Reported distance The distance towards a destination as advertised by an upstream neighbor

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

68

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

69

 Creates a neighbor relationship by exchanging hello packets Propagates LSAs rather than routing table updates
Link: Router interface State: Description of an interface and its relationship to neighboring routers

Floods LSAs to all OSPF routers in the area, not just directly connected routers Pieces together all the LSAs generated by the OSPF routers to create the OSPF link-state database Uses the SPF algorithm to calculate the shortest path to each destination and places it in the routing table

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

70

 Minimizes routing table entries

Localizes the impact of a topology change within an area

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 71

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

72

 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

73

10 10 1 1

Places each router at the root of a tree and calculates the shortest path to each destination based on the cumulative cost
Cost = Reference Bandwidth / Interface Bandwidth (b/s)
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 74

RouterX(config)#

router ospf process-id Defines OSPF as the IP routing protocol

RouterX(config-router)#

network address wildcard-mask area area-id Assigns networks to a specific OSPF area

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

75

Router ID:
Number by which the router is known to OSPF

Default: The highest IP address on an active interface at the moment of OSPF process startup
Can be overridden by a loopback interface: Highest IP address of any active loopback interface Can be set manually using the router-id command

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

76

RouterX# show ip protocols Verifies that OSPF is configured RouterX# show ip route Displays all the routes learned by the router
RouterX# show ip route Codes: I - IGRP derived, R - RIP derived, O - OSPF derived, C - connected, S - static, E - EGP derived, B - BGP derived, E2 - OSPF external type 2 route, N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1 route, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 route Gateway of last resort is 10.119.254.240 to network 10.140.0.0 O 10.110.0.0 [110/5] via 10.119.254.6, 0:01:00, Ethernet2 O IA 10.67.10.0 [110/10] via 10.119.254.244, 0:02:22, Ethernet2 O 10.68.132.0 [110/5] via 10.119.254.6, 0:00:59, Ethernet2 O 10.130.0.0 [110/5] via 10.119.254.6, 0:00:59, Ethernet2 O E2 10.128.0.0 [170/10] via 10.119.254.244, 0:02:22, Ethernet2 ...
2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 77

RouterX# show ip ospf

Displays the OSPF router ID, timers, and statistics

RouterX# show ip ospf Routing Process "ospf 50" with ID 10.64.0.2 <output omitted> Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa Number of areas transit capable is 0 External flood list length 0 Area BACKBONE(0) Area BACKBONE(0) Area has no authentication SPF algorithm last executed 00:01:25.028 ago SPF algorithm executed 7 times <output omitted>

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

78

RouterX# show ip ospf interface Displays the area ID and adjacency information

RouterX# show ip ospf interface ethernet 0 Ethernet 0 is up, line protocol is up Internet Address 192.168.254.202, Mask 255.255.255.0, Area 0.0.0.0 AS 201, Router ID 192.168.99.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 10 Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State OTHER, Priority 1 Designated Router id 192.168.254.10, Interface address 192.168.254.10 Backup Designated router id 192.168.254.28, Interface addr 192.168.254.28 Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 60, Wait 40, Retransmit 5 Hello due in 0:00:05 Neighbor Count is 8, Adjacent neighbor count is 2 Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.254.28 (Backup Designated Router) Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.254.10 (Designated Router)

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

79

RouterX# show ip ospf neighbor

Displays the OSPF neighbor information on a per-interface basis

RouterX# show ip ospf neighbor ID 10.199.199.137 172.16.48.1 172.16.48.200 10.199.199.137 Pri 1 1 1 5 State FULL/DR FULL/DROTHER FULL/DROTHER FULL/DR Dead Time Address 0:00:31 192.168.80.37 0:00:33 172.16.48.1 0:00:33 172.16.48.200 0:00:33 172.16.48.189 Interface FastEthernet0/0 FastEthernet0/1 FastEthernet0/1 FastEthernet0/1

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

80

Thank you.

2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cisco Confidential

81