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3.

aggregate (adj)
Gathered into or amounting to a 2. adversely (adv) 1. abandon (v,n)
whole.
In a harmful way; negatively desert, leave behind
It is impossible to judge last year's
performance without knowing the Excessive rainfall early in the spring To save their lives, the sailors had to
aggregate sales numbers can adversely affect the planting of abandon the sinking ship
crops
(adj + v + n) tập hợp lại, toàn bộ (v) từ bỏ, bỏ rơi; (n) sự phóng túng,
(adv) bất lợi buông thả

5. fertilize (v)
6. intensify (v) 4. cultivation (n)
To supply with nourishment for plants
To increase in power; to act with Preparing the land to grow crops;
by adding helpful substances to the
increased strength improvement for agricultural purposes
soil
Jacob's long absence intensified his With the development of land
This farm fertilizes tomatoes more
certainty that he should marry Rose cultivation, hunters and gatherers
than any other crop.
were able to settle in one place
Tăng cường, làm mạnh thêm, làm
(v) thụ phấn, thụ tinh, làm cho phì
sâu sắc thêm, (nhiếp ảnh) làm nổi lên (n) cày cấy, trồng trọt, nuôi dưỡng
nhiêu

9. photosynthesis (n)
7. irrigation (n)
The process by which green plants 8. obtain (v)
make their own food by combining The supplying of water to dry land
To gain possession of; to get
water, salts, and carbon dioxide in the
In dry areas of the country, you can
presence of light. After a series of difficult interviews,
see ditches all over the farmland for
he finally was able to obtain the job
Oxygen is a by-product of the irrigation
process of photosynthesis. Đạt được, giành được, vẫn tồn tại
(n) sự tưới, sự rửa
Sự quang hợp

11. anticipate (v)


12. catastrophic (adj) 10. precipitation (n)
Expect; Sense sth before it happens
Extremely harmful; causing financial Water that falls to the Earth's surface
By placing sensors in earthquake-
or physical ruin
prone areas, scientists can In the Pacific Northwest, the high
The architect died in a anticipate some tremors in time to level of precipitation ensures rich,
catastrophic elevator accident. warn the public green plant life
Thảm khốc, thê thảm Thấy trước, lường trước, đề cập việc Sự vội vã, kết tủa, mưa, lượng mưa
gì trước khi nó xẩy ra

14. eruption (n)


15. famine (n) A sudden, often violent, outburst 13. collide (v)
Severe hunger; a drastic food shortage The eruption of Mount St. To come together with great or violent
Helens in 1980 caused 57 deaths force
The potato famine in Ireland in
the mid-nineteenth century caused and immeasurable change to the As usual, their holiday was ruined
large numbers of Irish people to face of the mountain. when their in-laws' views on politics
emigrate to America Usage tips Eruption is often collided with their own
Nạn đói, sự khan hiếm followed by an “of” phrase Va chạm, va đụng, xung đột
Phun, nổ, mọc (răng), phát ban

16. flood (n)


18. persevere (v) 17. impact (n)
An overflowing of water; excessive
To keep going, despite obstacles or A strong influence amount
discouragement; to maintain a The speech about the importance of The constant rain and poor drainage
purpose education made an impact on me. system caused a flood in town.
The hikers persevered despite the Usage tips Impact is usually followed The political party sent out a flood of
bad weather and the icy trail by on or of letters criticizing their opponents.
Kiên trì, bền chí ảnh hưởng, va chạm (n) Nạn lụt, tràn ngập (v) ùa tới, chảy
máu dạ con , ùa ra
19.plunge (v) go down suddenly;
21. adapt (v) To adjust to the 20. unleash (v) release thing/ emotion decrease by a great amount in a
circumstances; to make suitable
When they saw the strange man on short time
Dinosaurs could not adapt to the their property,they unleashed their He jumped off the diving board and
warmer temperatures. dogs. plunged into the pool.
The teacher adapted the exercises He is from such an unemotional The value of the company’s stock
for his more advanced students. family,he will never learn to unleash plunged
Usage tips Adapt is followed by to his feelings
Lao xuống, nhận chìm, rơi tụt xuống
Thích nghi, tra vào, phỏng theo Tháo xích, gỡ ràng buộc, gây chiến

24. feature (n) Part, characteristic 22. diverse (a) Various;showing a lot
23. evolve (v) To develop/ come forth
The best feature of this car is its of differences within a group
heated seats. Modern-day sharks evolved from
India is one of the most linguistically
their ancestor Eros, which lived more
Usage tips Feature is often followed diverse countries in the world.
than 200 million years ago.
by of. Usage tips An -ly adverb
Usage tips Evolve is often followed
(n) Đặc trưng, nét mặt, tranh biếm (e.g.,linguistically) often comes before
by into or from
họa đặc biệt, tiết mục chủ chốt diverse
Tiến hóa, tiến triển, suy ra, phát ra
(v) mô tả, vẽ, đề cao, chiếu phim Gồm nhiều loại/ thay đổi khác nhau

26.inherent (a) Naturally 25.generation (n) A group of people


27. migration (n) Movement from one
characteristic; always found within sth born at about the same time (sinh ra,
place to another by a group of people
because it’s a basic part of that thing thế hệ, sự phát điện)
or animals (di trú, chuyển trường)
No job can be interesting all the time. As older managers retired, a new
The migration of farm workers from
Boredom is inherent in any kind of generation of leaders took control of
one state to the next depends
work. the company.
primarily on the harvest.
Usage tips Inherent is followed by in Usage tips Before generation, new,
Usage tips Migration is often
next, earlier, or older is common.
followed by to or from Vốn có, cố hữu Generation is often followed by of

28. physical (a) Related to the body;


30.survive (v) To continue living 29.process (n) A series of steps related to materials that can be seen
(despite some danger or illness) leading to a result or felt (thuộc tự nhiên, vật chất, thân
After getting lost in the mountains, To get a good job, most people go thể, thuộc bạo lực)
Gordon survived by eating wild through a long process of letter- Because of the shape of its throat, an
plants and catching fish. writing and interviews. ape does not have the physical
Usage tips Survive is often followed Usage tips Process is often followed ability to speak.
by a phrase with by by of plus the -ing form of a verb The mountains form a physical
Sống qua được, tồn tại (n) quy trình (v) xử lí, kiện, diễu hành barrier Usage tips Physical before
noun

32.contamination (n) Being made


33.deplete (a) To greatly decrease less clean by a germ or hazardous 31.constraint (n) Something that
the supply of a resource or material substance restricts thought or action
The prolonged war depleted the The contamination in the river came The constraints of military life kept
country’s national treasury. from the factory located just Eileen from seeing Private Morris
upstream more than once a month

Tháo hết ra, làm rỗng, làm kiệt sức,


(y học) làm tan máu, tiêu dịch Sự làm bẩn, sự nhiễm bệnh, đúc hai Sự thúc ép, đè nén, sự nhốt
(vở kịch) thành một

36. emission (n) Sending out from a


small space into the general 34.dispose of (v) To throw away; to
environment; a substance discharged get rid of; to kill (vứt bỏ, đánh bại)
35.elementally (adv) In terms of
into the air (sự/vật phát ra, bốc ra) She disposed of her unwanted
elements; basically
The Environmental Protection possessions before moving.
Elementally, coal and diamonds are
Agency regulates the emission of The tyrant cruelly disposed of all his
the same
pollutants into the air. enemies.
Usage tips Emission is usually Usage tips Dispose of should be
followed by an of phrase. learned as a unit
39. shrink (v) 37. extinction (n)
38. reservoir (n)
To be come reduced in size, amount Complete disapearance; the end of
a place where a liquid is collected and existence
or value
stored Human beings have caused the
If you dry your clothing on the “high Cult members threatened to poison the extinction of many other species.
heat setting, they may shrink. town’s water reservoir Usage tips: implies an absolute end;
hồ chứa, bể chứa, kho dự trữ, nguồn an extinct thing cannot be bring back
cung cấp into existence
Co lại, ngắn lại, làm co
Sự giập tắt, tan vỡ, tuyệt giống, tiêu huỷ

42. arbitrary (adj) 41. adjust (v)


40. stable (adj)
choosen simply by whim or chance, to change, to get accustomed to
firm and dependable, showing little
not for any specific reason something
change
The decision to build a school in Travelers are advised to adjust their
He fell because the ladder wasn’t
Blackberry Township was arbitrary, watches before arriving in the new
stable
without any thought to future housing time zone.
patterns. vững chắc, ổn định, bình tĩnh, kiên
sửa lại cho đúng, điều chỉnh, làm cho
định vững vàng, bền vững
chuyên quyền, độc đoán, tuỳ tiện, thích hợp

45. infinitesimal (adj)


44. exponentially (adv) 43. denominator (n)
immeasurably small
In Turkey,the value of the lira has The number written below the line in
The number of contaminants in the decreased exponentially in the last a fraction
water was infinitesimal, so the water several decades
was safe to drink. In the fraction 1/2,the number 2 is
theo hàm mũ the denominator.
rất nhỏ, nhỏ vô cùng, vi phân
Mẫu số

48. proportion (n)


47. parallel (adj, n, adv)
46. maximize (v)
A part in relation to the whole
being an equal distance apart
to increase or make as great as
The average employee spends a everywhere
possible
large proportion of each workday
The street where I live runs parallel
answering e-mails A coach helps each athlete maximize
to the main road through town
his or her potential
Usage tips Proportion is often
Usage tips Parallel is often followed
followed by of. làm tăng đến tột độ, cực đại hoá
by to.
Tỷ lệ
song song

51. accuracy (n) 49. rate (n)


50. sequence (v)
precision, exactness The cost per unit of a good or service;
Volunteers have been asked to the motion or change that happens in a
The research department checks all
sequence the files and organize the certain time
our articles for accuracy of facts
boxes Postal rates in Japan are among the
before we print them.
highest in the world.
Usage tips Accuracy is often To organize or arrange in succession
Some grasses grow at the rate of one
followed by of.
Sự nối tiếp, liên tiếp, liên tục inch per day.
sự đúng đắn, sự chính xác, độ chính
Tỷ lệ, tỷ giá, suất, mức, hạng, loại
xác

52. adjacent (adj)


54. feasibly (adv) 53. compress (v)
next to
practically, in a way that can work To press together
Even though the villages are
Scientists can’t feasibly bring energy To make the foundation stronger, adjacent to each other, their
from deep ocean currents to where it they compressed the soil before residents speak different languages
is needed—on land pouring the concrete.
Usage tips Adjacent is often followed
thực hiện được, khả thi Ép, nén, đè by to.
gần kề, kế liền, sát ngay
55. gut (v)
57. overlap (v) To empty or hollow out
56. integrally (adv)
To lie over part of something; to have In order to remodel the house, we must
in a whole or in complete manner first gut it and throw away all the old
elements in common
Writing and spelling are taught fixtures
One of the two assistants will likely Usage tips Gut also means “the
integrally as part of the reading
get fired, since most of their du-ties in stomach of an animal”; this verb makes
program.
the office overlap. an image, that the inside of a building is
trọn vẹn, toàn vẹn like the inside of an animal.
Lấn lên, gối lên, chồng chéo
Rút ruột, làm rỗng, phá huỷ bên trong

60. structure (n)


59. seep (v)
58. retain (v)
something constructed, such as a
To pass slowly for a long time, as a
building The rain fell so heavily that the banks
liquid or gas might
of the river could not retain all the
Most companies have a social
As the containers rusted, the toxic water.
structure that can’t be understood
waste seeped into the ground.
by outsiders to keep or hold
Usage tips Seep is often followed by
kết cấu, cấu trúc, công trình xây giữ lại, ngăn, nắm (quyền kiểm soát)
into or through.
dựng, công trình kiến trúc
Rỉ ra, thấm qua

63. derive (v) 62. corrode (v) 61. circulate (v)


To be slowly weakened by chemical To move throughout an area or group; to
To come from, usually through a long, move along a somewhat circular route
reactions
slow process The gossip circulated quickly through
Sitting in salt water, the old coins
The Cyrillic alphabet was derived corroded and became very easy to the small town.
from the Greek alphabet. break. Blood circulates more quickly during
Usage tips A familiar kind of corrosion physical exercise.
Usage tips Derive is often followed Usage tips Circulate is often followed by
produces rust, the reddish coating on
by from. through.
iron or steel that has been exposed to
Xuất phát từ, chuyển hoá từ, tìm thấy air and water. Lưu hành, truyền bá, luân chuyển, tuần
nguồn gốc từ Gặm mòn, mòn dần, ruỗng ra hoàn, lan truyền

65. expeditiously (adv 64. detection (n)


66. implement (v)
quickly and efficiently discovering something that cannot easily
to make use of, to carry out to be found
Using carrier pigeons, the military
Not until after the new software was commanders exchanged mess-sages With new medical technology, the
installed could we implement the expeditiously. detection of cancer is much easier
new filing system nowadays
thực hiện, thi hành Usage tips Detection is often followed
có lợi, thiết thực, thích hợp
by an of phrase.
sự dò ra, sự tìm ra, sự phát hiện

69. maintenance (n) 67. innovative (adj)


68. installation (n)
The act of keeping something in good Ahead of the times, novel
Setting something into possible for use
condition The innovative use of props and
Installation of the new software takes lighting drew many favorable
The only problem with living in such a
only four minutes. comments
big house is that it requires a lot of
maintenance. Sự đặt (hệ thống máy móc) Có tính chất đổi mới, có tính chất
Sự giữ gìn, duy trì, bảo vệ, bảo sáng kiến
dưỡng, bảo quản

71. combustion (n.)


72. component (n) the process of burning 70. simulation (n)
one part of a system or whole When air quality is poor, An imitation or representation
Their home theater system has a combustion of materials in a To test car safety, automobile makers
number of separate components. fireplace is prohibited study crash simulations.
Usage tips Component is often Usage tips Component is often Sự đóng vai, sự thủ vai, sự đội lốt, sự
followed or preceded by of. followed or preceded by of. bắt chước, mô phỏng
thành phần, phần hợp thành sự đốt cháy, sự cháy
75. nucleus (n) 73. convey (n)
A central or essential part around 74. discretely (n) To transport from one place to another
which other parts are gathered; a to transmit or make known
Separately; distinctly
core
A messenger conveyed the prince’s
The nucleus of many European In order to understand how the letter to the commander of the army.
cities is the town square. engine worked,each component The worst part about being a doctor
needed to be studied discretely. was when she had to convey bad news
Usage tips Nucleus is often followed
to a family.
by of. Riêng rẽ, rời rạc chuyên chở, vận chuyển, nhường
Tâm, trung tâm, hạt nhân

77. rotate (v)


78. solar (adj) 76. permeate (v)
To turn around; to take turns in
Of, or relating to, the sun sequence To spread or flow throughout; to pass
through or penetrate
The ancient society kept time with a The planet rotates on its axis once every
solar calendar. 14 Earth days. The smell of cooking permeated the
The children rotate classroom entire apartment building.
có liên quan đến mặt trời, quan hệ responsibilities on a weekly basis.
đến mặt trời, tính theo mặt trời thấm vào, ngấm vào tràn ra, lan ra
làm quay, làm xoay quanh, luân phiên

81. acquisition (n)


79. source (n)
The act of taking possession of 80. trigger (v)
something The point of origin or creation
To set off or initiate
Our recent acquisition of over 2,000 The reporter was unable to identify
books makes ours the biggest library I was certain any mention of politics
the source of the information for his
in the region. would trigger a big argument
Usage tips Acquisition is often story.
followed by of. làm nổ ra, gây ra, khởi sự
Nguồn
Sự giành được, thu được

84. degrade (v) 83. consciously (adv)


82. anomaly (n)
To reduce in value or strength With awareness of one’s actions
Something unusual
The roads in cold or wet areas of the He may have hurt her feelings, but he
White tigers get their beautiful
United States degrade faster than never would have done so
coloring from a genetic anomaly
those in warm,sunny regions. consciously
Sự không bình thường, dị thường
Làm giảm giá trị, làm thành đê hèn Có y thức, có chủ ý

85. gap (n)


87. intervene (n)
Opening; a big difference in amount
To come between 86. indisputable (v) or quality
Beyond doubt; unquestionable The small gap between the walls in
A good mediator intervenes only as
much as necessary to settle a dispute The members of the jury found her the old house caused cold draftsto
guilty because they found the facts of come in.
between other parties.
the case indisputable. Lỗ hổng, kẽ hở
Xen vào, can thiệp Không thể bàn cãi, không thể cãi

88. intuitively (adj)


89. recede (v)
90. retrieve (v)
By means of a natural sense about
To move back or away from
To bring or get back things that are hard to observe
After the age of 30,his hairline began
Most dogs can be trained to retrieve Many mothers know intuitively when
to recede further back from his
objects that their owners have thrown. something is wrong with their
forehead.
children.
Lấy lại, tìm lại được
Lùi lại, lùi xa dần
Bằng trực giác, qua trực giác
93. atheist (n)
91. agnostic (v)
92. animism (adv)
One who does not believe in the
Believing that humans cannot know
existence of a supreme being The belief that natural objects, such as
whether there is a god
trees, have souls
He argued that his scientific training
His devoutly Christian parents had
made it impossible for him to be Desert cultures that practice animism
problems with his agnostic beliefs
anything but an atheist. often believe that winds con-tain spirits.
thuyết bất khả tri
Người theo thuyết vô thần thuyết vật linh

94. been inclined to (v)


95. contemplate (v)
96. deify (v)
To favor an opinion or a course of action
To consider thoughtfully
To worship as a god
He couldn’t say which candidate he
If you contemplate each step for so favored, but he had always been
When people deify the leader of their
long, we will never complete this inclined to vote Republican.
country, the leader is able to abuse
project on time.
power more easily. ủng hộ hành động
Trầm ngâm suy tưởng
Phong thần, tôn làm thần

97. ecclesiastical (adj)


99. pious (v) 98. exalt (v) Relating to a church
Having or exhibiting religious To praise or honor He was looking specifically for a
reverence He would often exalt the virtues of university where he could study
his new wife ecclesiastical history.
Sometimes she was so pious that
the rest of us felt like heathens. Đề cao, đưa lên vị trí cao, tán tụng Thuộc giáo hội
Ngoan đạo, sùng đạo

100. sacrifice (v)


102. decrepit (v) Anything offered to a deity as a
101. aggravate (v) religious thanksgiving; giving up
Weakened or worn out because of age,
something in order to have something
illness, or excessive use To make worse; to anger or intensify more valuable later on
The once-beautiful building was now Running will aggravate your sore Every harvest time, the Fadeloni
dirty, decrepit, and roofless. knees. people sacrificed vegetables to their
gods as a show of thanks
(v) giá yếu, hom hem, lụ khụ; đổ nát. Làm trầm trọng thêm, làm nguy thêm
Sự cúng thần, tế lễ, vật hiến tế

105. forensics (n) 103. disease (n)


104. fatally (adv)
The use of science and technology to An unhealthful condition caused by an
investigate facts in criminal cases Causing death or disaster infection or a longterm physical problem
Advances in the study of forensics The soldier was fatally wounded in the Thanks to developments in medicine,
has made it much easier to identify battle. many once-fatal diseases can now be
criminals from very small traces of
Chí tử, một cách chết người cured.
evidence.
(thuộc)pháp ly, (thuộc) toà án Bệnh tật

107. prognosis (n.)


108. terminal (adj) 106. persist (n)
An educated guess of how something
Located at an end; approaching To continue to exist; to hold to a
will develop, especially a disease
death purpose, despite any obstacle
The room fell silent when the doctor
The cancer ward at the hospital held If your symptoms persist, you should
gave Senator Grebe a grim prognosis
both terminal and recovering go see a doctor.
of months of treatment.
patients. Lola persisted in her efforts to
Dự đoán (về sự tiến triển của bệnh) become a lawyer.
Giai đoạn cuối cùng của một bênh
chết người Kiên gan, bền bỉ
110. retrieve (v)
111. agnostic (adj)
To bring or get back 109. Recede (v)
Believing that humans cannot know
Most dogs can be trained to retrieve To move back or away from.
whether there is a god.
objects that their owners have
After the age of 30, his hairline began
His devoutly Christian parents had thrown.
to recede further back from his
problems with his agnostic beliefs.
Tìm lại được (vật đã mất); forehead.
Lấy; gọi ra (thông tin được lưu trữ)
(Triết học) Thuyết không thể biết Bù đắp được (mất mát, tổn thất)
Lùi lại.

113. atheist (n) 112. animism (n)


114. be inclined to (v)
One who does not believe in the The belief that natural objects, such
To favor an opinion or a course of existence of a supreme being as trees, have souls.
action.
He argued that his scientific training Desert cultures that practice
He couldn’t say which candidate he made it impossible for him to be animism often believe that winds
favored, but he had always been anything but an atheist. contain spirits.
inclined to vote Republican.
người theo thuyết vô thần (triết học) Thuyết vật linh

117. ecclesiastical (a)


116. deify (v)
115. contemplate (v)
Ecclesiastic [i,kli:zi'æstik] (a)
To worship as a god
Relating to a church To consider thoughtfully
When people deify the leader of their
If you contemplate each step for so
He was looking specifically for a country, the leader is able to abuse
long, we will never complete this
university where he could study power more easily.
project on time.
ecclesiastical history.
tôn sùng, sùng bái
suy tính; dự tính
phong thần, tôn làm thần
(a) giáo sĩ, giáo hội
(n) giáo sĩ

120. sacrifice (v)


118. exalt (v)
-Anything offered to a deity as a 119. pious (a)
religious thanksgiving; To praise or honor
Having or exhibiting religious
Every harvest time, the Fadeloni reverence He would often exalt the virtues of
people sacrificed vegetables to their his new wife.
gods as a show of thanks. Sometimes she was so pious that
- giving up something in order to have the rest of us felt like heathens. đề cao, tán dương
something more valuable later on làm thắm (màu...)
ngoan đạo, sùng đạo, đạo đức giả
In order to succeed in his career, he
had to sacrifice his private life and his
leisure time.

121. aggravate (v)


122. decrepit (a)
To make worse; to anger or intensify
123. disease (n)
Weakened or worn out because of
Running will aggravate your sore
An unhealthful condition caused by age, illness, or excessive use
knees.
an infection or a longterm
The once-beautiful building was now
làm trầm trọng thêm, làm xấu thêm
Thanks to developments in medicine, dirty, decrepit, and roofless.
làm bực mình, làm phát cáu
many once-fatal diseases can now
già yếu, hom hem, lụ khụ
be cured.
hư nát, đổ nát

126. persist (v) 125. forensics (n)


To continue to exist; to hold to a 124. fatally (adv)
The use of science and technology to
purpose, despite any obstacle. investigate facts in criminal cases.
Causing death or disaster
If your symptoms persist, you should Advances in the study of forensics
go see a doctor. The soldier was fatally wounded in
have made it much easier to identify
the battle.
Lola persisted in her efforts to criminals from very small traces of
become a lawyer. evidence. chí tử, một cách chết người
cố chấp; khăng khăng pháp lý
tiếp tục tồn tại
129. vein (n) 128. terminal (adj) 127. prognosis (n)
Any of the tubes that form a Located at an end; approaching An educated guess of how something
branching system, especially those death will develop, especially a disease
that carry blood to the heart
The cancer ward at the hospital held The room fell silent when the doctor
She became fascinated with human both terminal and recovering gave Senator Grebe a grim
anatomy, especially when she patients. prognosis of months of treatment.
learned how veins transport oxygen.
ở giai đoạn cuối cùng (y học) dự đoán (về sự tiến triển của
(giải phẫu) huyết quản, tĩnh mạch học kỳ, xảy ra ở mỗi học kỳ bệnh)
(thực vật học) gân lá

132. augment (v)


131. anesthesia (n)
To make bigger or better by adding to 130. wound (v)
Techniques for reducing sensation
In some types of popular cosmetic and feeling, especially to control pain To inflict an injury on
surgery people augment parts of Sometimes he didn’t realize his sharp
their bodies. The Civil War was the first American
war when anesthesia was widely humor could wound as well as
The college augmented its course used in surgery on soldiers. entertain.
offerings because students làm bị thương
complained that there were too few Usage tips : Anesthesia and
choices. anesthetic are often used
interchangeably.

134. complication (n)


135. cure (v) 133. certifiably (adv)
A factor that makes something more
To restore to health In a manner that is officially
difficult or
They say laughter can help cure recognized
The surgeons could not easily stop
many illnesses. He couldn’t be institutionalized until
the bleeding because of
chữa khỏi bệnh complications related to the he was declared certifiably insane.
patient’s diabetes. có thể chứng nhận
Xử lý để có thể để lâu
sự phức tạp
Lưu hóa (cao su) (y học) biến chứng

136. implant (v)


138. obese (a) 137. inject (v)
To set in firmly; to insert in the body
Excessively overweight To insert a liquid by means of a surgically
syringe
More Americans are obese now The actress had cheek implants to
because U.S. culture encourages The doctor used a needle to inject make her face look fuller.
overeating and discourages exercise. the medicine slowly into her arm.
cắm chặt vào
béo phị, rất mập (về người) tiêm thuốc
(y học) cấy dưới da
(n) mô cấy

140. scar (n) 139. procedure (a)


141. astrological (a)
A mark on the skin left after a wound A specific way of performing or doing
Related to the study of the position of
has healed; a lasting sign of damage, something
stars, the sun, and the planets in the
either mental or physical
belief that they influence earthly
The flight attendant explained the
events The surgery was successful, but it left emergency evacuation procedure.
a large scar across her abdomen.
Every day, Mona read her
thủ tục (trong kinh doanh, (chính trị),
astrological forecast in the sẹo, vết sẹo (pháp lý).
newspaper, and she was careful if (nghĩa Mỹ) vết nhơ
the horoscope predicted trouble.

143. haunt (v)


142. divination (n)
144. horror (n) To continually appear (in the form of a
ghost) in the same place or to the Foretelling the future by finding
Strong fear mixed with disgust
same person patterns in physical objects
On Halloween night, all the horror
Some say the ghost of Princess Hilda In Turkey, women offer divinations
movies were rented out.
haunts this castle, appearing as a by reading the dregs from a coffee
headless form while she plays the cup.
sự khiếp sợ piano. sự bói toán
(ma quỉ) thường hay có mặt ở một
nơi
147. notion (n) belief; fanciful impulse 145. de facto (Adj)
146. discriminate (Verb)
The notion that older office Truly doing a job,even if not officially
To choose carefully among options
equipment is unreliable is inaccurate.
Popular support established the
The governor wisely discriminated
One morning, she suddenly took the Citizens Party as the de facto
between urgent issues and those that
notion to paint her kitchen red. government
could wait
Usage tips ~ that clause/ ~ to do sth trên thực tế, hình thành từ đảo chính
Usage tips ~ between A&B/ A from B
or cách mạng...., ko do dân bầu
Ý niệm, khái niệm, ý nghĩ/lòng tin mơ ~ against/ in favor of sb
hồ/kỳ quặc/có thể sai
phân biệt, phân biệt đối xử

150. prejudiced (Adj) 148. oppress (Verb)


149. paradigm (n)
Causing to judge prematurely and keep down by force; weigh heavily on
pattern or model; set of assumptions
unfairly
Factory management oppressed
The usual paradigm for economic
Many consumers are prejudiced workers through intimidation
growth in developed countries does
against commercial goods made in
not apply to some poor nations. Be oppressed with poverty
third-world countries
Usage tips ~ for
mẫu, mô hình, kiểu; hệ biến hoá đè nặng, áp bức đàn áp
có thành kiến, biểu lộ thành kiến
(ngôn ngữ)

153. erudite (Adj) Highly educated 152. distinctly (Adv) 151. curriculum (Noun)
Even though Stella was only a Clearly The courses of study offered by an
freshman,she was considered erudite educational institution
by both her classmates and her I distinctly remember saying that we
The teachers met to design a new
professors would meet at noon curriculum for the Intensive English
An erudite lecture Program
có hoặc bộc lộ học vấn sâu rộng; các môn học trong 1 khoá or được
riêng biệt; rõ ràng, rành mạch, minh
uyên bác; thông thái dạy ở 1 trường; chương trình dạy
bạch, rõ rệt

156. parochial (Adj) 154. fortify (Verb)


155. implicitly (Adv)
Restricted in outlook;relating to the To strengthen
local parish Without being stated;unquestioningly
The high-priced drink had extra
Marla moved from her rural By joining the competition,she agreed vitamins and minerals to fortify the
community to get away from its implicitly to the rules body
parochial thinking. I trust my “ban hien” / ”ban iu” Fortify one’s courage/ fortified wine
Don’t send him to a parochial school implicitly. Hehe
củng cố, làm cho vững chắc, làm cho
Thiển cận, thuộc giáo xứ, nhà thờ hoàn toàn mạnh thêm

159. secular (Adj + Noun) 157. rigor (Noun)


158. roster (Noun + Verb)
Worldly rather than spiritual;not A list,especially of names trictness;difficult situations that come
related to religion from following rules strictly
Two of the names on the roster were
Few private schools in the US are misspelled. The wrestler followed his diet with
secular/ Secular clergy/Secular music rigor.
thế tục; thuộc thế giới trần tục, không The rigors of military life toughened
thiêng liêng, cổ, muôn thuở, trăm bảng kê tên với nhiệm vụ phải thực the young men quickly
năm một lần/ (n) giáo sĩ thế tục hiện & thời gian thực hiện; bảng phân
công/ (v) đưa vào bảng phân công Nghiêm khắc, khắc nghiệt, khó khăn

162.artillery (Noun) Large guns that 160. suspend (Verb)


shoot powerful shells;army units that 161. allegiance (Noun)
cause to stop for a period; hang as to
handle such guns (pháo, pháo binh) Loyalty allow free movement
An artillery barrage broke down the My full allegiance to my country is The trial was suspended when the
city’s thick walls within seconds. based on respect for its principles. judge learned that one of the jury
The 47th Artillery fired on rebels members knew the defense lawyer.
swear an oath of allegiance to King
camped in the city center. Circus acrobat is suspended in midair
Usage tips ~ to sb/sth
Usage tip artillery= army unitplural Treo, đình chỉ, treo giò/ đuổi, lơ lửng
Lòng trung thành, bổn phận
165. hierarchy (n) 164. cease (v)
A system of levels that places people 163. battle (verb)
stop
high or low accord-ing to their
The lightning continued even after to fight against
importance
Starting as a lowly private,Burt Jones the thunder had ceased. The Viet Minh battled French forces
gradually rose through the hierarchy of Usage tips Cease is found in official at Dien Bien Phu for nearly two
the army. statements,not usually in everyday months in 1954.
Usage tips Hierarchy is often followed speech Chiến đấu, vật lộn
by an of phrase
hệ thống cấp bậc, thứ bậc, tôn ti Dừng, ngừng, ngớt, tạnh, hết

167. mobilize (v) 166. in the trenches (advl’)


168. rank (v)
To put members of a group into In the middle of the hardest fighting or
To put into a many-leveled order, motion work
depending on importance or achievement With their unrealistic view of this
After a terrible storm,the governor war,our generals don’t know what
The Marines ranked Jim Hurst highest mobilized the National Guard to things are like out in the trenches.
among all their officer can-didates. rescue victims Usage tips Creates an image of
Xếp vào loại, sắp xếp thành hàng ngũ soldiers fighting in a long,dug-out place
huy động, động viên in the battlefield.

171. annex (v) 170. strategic (adj) 169. ratio (n)


To make something (usually land) Related to long-term plans for achieving a The relationship of one number or
part of another unit goal amount to another
The United States has formed strategic Military analysts say that the ratio of
Bardstown grew by annexing attackers to defenders in a battle should
friendships with Tajikistan and Mongolia to
several farms at the north edge of be about three to one for the attackers
have Central Asian bases in the future. to win.
town.
Usage tips Strategic is often used with Usage tips Ratio is very often followed
Phụ vào, thêm vào, sáp nhập, thôn nouns for plans by an of...to structure
tính lãnh thỗ mưu đồ, chiến lược tỷ số, tỷ lệ

174. conquest (n) 172. apex (n)

A takeover by force or continued effort The highest point


173. collapse (v)
The first recorded conquest of Gregory knew that his running skills had
Mt.Everest was by Tensing Norgay and To fall down,usually because of to be at their apex during the
Sir Edmund Hilary. weakness tournament.
Usage tips Apex is often used to
Usage tips Conquest is usually followed Đổ sập, sụp đổ, suy sụp describe the high point of someone’s
by an of phrase. abilities.
sự xâm chiếm, sự chinh phục Đỉnh, ngọn, chỏm

175. devise (v)


177. prevailing (adj) 176. invasive (adj)
To find an original way to make an
Strongest or most common Aggressively entering into someone
object or a plan
else’s territory
The prevailing attitude among our
The soldiers devised a way to cross
neighbors is to be friendly but not too Surgery with a laser is less invasive
the river into enemy territory without
friendly than surgery with a knife or scalpel.
being seen
Thịnh hành, phổ biến, thông dụng Xâm lược, xâm chiếm, xâm lấn
Sáng chế, phát minh.

180. violation (n)


178. resist (v)
An action that breaks a law or 179. severely (adv)
agreement; mistreatment of something To refuse to give in to a strong force or
that deserves respect Harshly;extremely
desire
The army’s testing of new weapons Commanders severely punished any Although many native nations resisted,
was a violation of the cease-fire the U.S.government eventually took
agreement. soldier who criticized the battle plan.
over almost all Indian land.
Usage tips Violation is often followed Khắt khe, gay gắt, mãnh liệt, gay go
by an of phrase. Kháng cự, chống lại
sự vi phạm, phá rối, xúc phạm
183. consequence (n)
182. coincide (v) 181. chronologically (adv)
In order according to time
Happen or exist at the same time A result, often one much later in time
Usage tips chronologically is often than the cause
used with arranged, organized, listed Usage tips Coincide is often followed
or some other word for order. by a with phrase Usage tips Consequence usually
implies something negative or serious
hậu quả, hệ quả, tính quan trọng đồng nhất, trùng khớp, xảy ra đồng
about the result.
thời
in consequence: vậy thì
theo niên đại, theo thứ tự thời gian

186. diminish (v) 184. core (adj)


185. deny (v)
Make something smaller or weaker; an area or object at the center
Say that something is not true
become smaller or weaker.
Usage tips Core is often followed
Usage tips Deny is often followed by by another noun (e.g., core
The Protestant Reformation
the -ing form of a verb or by a that principle) or by an of phrase.
diminished the power of the Roman
clause.
Catholic Pope. Lõi, trung tâm,hạt nhân.
phủ nhận, từ chối
mờ mờ tỏ tỏ, không rõ Nghĩa bóng: nơi đáy lòng

189. Orwellian (adj)


188. Milieu (n).
187. Longitude (n).
Frightening and over controlled by a
General environment or surroundings
government that interferes in nearly A system of imaginary lines running
every aspect of personal life from north to south along the Earth’s
Many Vietnam veterans did not feel
surface, where each line is numbered
comfortable in the antiwar social
Biometric devices like eye-scanners from 0º to180 west or east.
milieu of the 1970s
allow an Orwellian level of
government knowledge about (địa lý,địa chất) kinh độ
môi trường, hoàn cảnh
everyone’s location.

192. commodity (n) 191. allocate (v) 190. reconciliation (n)


To give out different amounts for
A thing that can be bought and sold, different purposes Coming back together peacefully after
such as grain, oil, or wood having been enemies
Usage tips Things that can be
Usage tips A thing is called a allocated are things that can be South Africa avoided a bloodbath
ommodity only in the context of buying after apartheid by setting up a Truth
or selling it. chỉ định; dùng (số tiền vào việc and Reconciliation Commission.
vật mua ở cửa hàng để dùng (nhất là gì),cấp cho (ai cái gì); phân phối, phân
dùng trong nhà); hàng hoá; tiện nghi phát; chia phần; định rõ vị trí sự hoà giải, sự hoà hợp, sự điều hoà

195. inflation (n) 194. equity (n) 193. decline (v)


The value of one’s Barnard’s equity To decrease in power or amount
A situation in which prices for many in the business
items rise quite fast Usage tips In this meaning, followed America’s railroads declined because
by an in phrase. the automobile dominated American
sự bơm phồng, sự thổi phồng; tình tính công bằng, tính vô tư, tính hợp life.
trạng được bơm phồng, tình trạng được tình hợp lý nghiêng đi, dốc nghiêng đi
thổi phồng (từ Mỹ,nghĩa Mỹ) yêu sách hợp tình tàn dần (ngày); xế, xế tà (mặt trời...);
sự lạm phát hợp lý; quyền lợi hợp tình hợp lý suy đi, suy dần (sức khoẻ); sụt xuống

198. regulate (v)


Control according to a set of rules 197. per capita (adv) 196.net (adj)
For each person After all costs have been subtracted
Trading on the New York Stock from an amount.
Exchange is the exchange and by Research shows we’re likely to sell 15
federal law. light bulbs per capita per year in My gross salary is around 35,000, but
medium-sized cities. my net pay is closer to $29,000.
điều chỉnh, sửa lại cho đúng lưới, bẫy, mạng (n)
quy định; chỉnh lý, chỉnh đốn lợi tức tính theo mỗi đầu người (lợi
điều hoà tức trung bình của mỗi người) thực, cuối cùng, chung cuộc (adj)
200. tangible (adj)
201. accumulate (v) Obviously real because it can be 199. subsidy (n)
To build up a large amount of something seen, touched, or otherwise observed. Money given by a government or other
Over several generations, the organization to support an activity.
Harrington family accumulated vast One tangible benefit of putting
wealth by buying and selling land. electrical cables underground is a tiền do chính phủ chi ra để hỗ trợ một
clearer view of the sky. ngành công nghiệp, ủng hộ nghệ
chất đống, chồng chất, tích luỹ, gom hữu hình, có thể sờ mó được,xác thuật, giữ cho giá cả không tăng lên;
góp lại; tích luỹ vốn thực, hiển nhiên, rõ ràng, không thể tiền trợ cấp
nghi ngờ được; có thật

204. impoverish (v) 202. affluence (n)


203. elite (adj)
To make a person or group poor.
Wealth and the style of life that goes
Belonging to a special, honored
The collapse of the steel industry with it
impoverished eastern Ohio. Monadic grew up amid affluence,
Messer is an elite climber who
which poorly prepared him for his rad
recently mountain without extra
bần cùng hoá, làm cho nghèo khổ student days in crowded apartments
oxygen.
làm kiệt màu with no servants.
làm hết công dụng; làm hao mòn sự giàu có, sự sung túc
làm cho kiệt sức, làm cho suy nhược

207. prestige (n) 206. nobility (n)


205. luxury (n)
A group of socially prominent people
Extreme comfort, beyond what anyone
Honor and respect for being better with special titles given by a king or
needs
than the average queen, such as “duke”or “countess”
Automakers try to give their cars an
Usage tips Nobility is used as a name
image extras like heated seats and
The Grassleys enjoyed the prestige for a group of distinguished people; it
satellite tracking
of living in the historic town, but they can also mean “a highly dignified form of
sự xa xỉ, sự xa hoa, vật đắt giá và
did not feel at home there. behavior.”
thích thú nhưng không cần thiết; hàng
tính cao quý, tính cao thượng, tính cao
xa xỉ; xa xỉ phẩm
thanh thế, uy thế, uy tín nhã, tính thanh cao, giới quý tộc, tầng
lớp quý phái

209. prosper (v) 208. privileged (adj)


210. working class (n)
To do very well in one’s business or Able to enjoy special advantages
personal life because of one’s position (usually
People with low-paying (often unskilled)
because of being born into a wealthy
jobs who are not poor but who are not
Usage tips A person can prosper; so or powerful family)
securely in the middle class.
cans a group, a company, or an area.
(n) giai cấp công nhân có đặc quyền, đặc lợi
thịnh vượng; phồn vinh; thành công; không cần phải tiết lộ, bí mật về mặt
phát đạt pháp lý

213. asset (n) 212. assess (v) 211. acquire (v)


A possession that has positive value
Usage tips Some examples of assets To estimate the value of something To get something, usually something
are real estate, cash, and stock with special value or meaning
shares. The Barnes building was assessed at
( số nhiều) tài sản (của một người hay $1.3 million, but it can probably sell for Usage tips Unlike get, acquire implies
một công ty) có thể dùng để trả nợ, much more than that. that a possession has special value or
( số nhiều) của cải, tài sản, vật thuộc quyết định hoặc ấn định số lượng của meaning.
quyền sở hữu, (thông tục) vốn quý, cái gì; ước định, ước lượng chất lượng được, giành được, thu được, đạt
vật có ích, vật quý cái gì; đánh giá được, kiếm được

214. hazardous (adj)


216. lease (v) 215. jointly (adv)
Dangerous
`To rent something for a long time Together with one or more other
(several months or years) parties
Parents have to be careful not to buy
children’s clothes and toys made of
Some drivers prefer to lease a car In most states, a husband and wife
hazardous materials.
rather than buy one. are assumed to own all their
possessions jointly.
mạo hiểm; nguy hiểm
hợp đồng cho thuê, cho thuê
cùng, cùng nhau, cùng chung
219. safeguard (v) 218. proprietor (n) 217. liability (n)
To protect Owner, usually of a business or a Legal responsibility for harming a person
or property; a disadvantage
A burglar-alarm system safeguards building Henderson is just a liability to our work
our house when we go away on The proprietor of Hekman’s Windows is team, because he never finishes
vacation. Nels Hekman, grandson of anything on time.
Usage tips:Safeguard implies the people who established the factory. Usage tips: In its second meaning, liability
continuous protection over a long Usage tips: Very often, proprietor is is often followed by a to
time. followed by an of phrase. phrase.
Bảo vệ, che chở, giữ gìn Người chủ, người sở hữu Tiền nợ, nghĩa vụ pháp lý

222. dynamic (adj) 221. compensate (v) 220. sole (adj)


Full of energy To give an employee money or other Only
things in exchange for the work
This job requires a dynamic person, Many people have wanted to invest in
someone who will look for opportunities My pay doesn’t properly Harry’s publishing business, but he
instead of just waiting around for them. compensate me for my efforts, but remains the sole owner.
my other benefits, like health Usage tips: appears before the noun
Năng động, sôi nổi, động lực học,
insurance, fill in the gap. not come after a linking verb like be
chức năng (y học)
Đền bù, bù đắp, bồi thường Duy nhất, đơn độc, một và chỉ một

225. incentive (n)


223. enterprising (adj)
224. exploit (v)
A possible benefit that motivates a
person to do a certain thing To take advantage of; to treat Creative in thinking of ways to make
inconsiderately in order to profit money
This city’s willingness to support its
public schools gave us an incentive The company tried to exploit the low Immigrants are often among the most
to move here with our two young interest rates to expand operations. enterprising members of society,
children. because anyone brave enough to make
Khai thác, bóc lột, lợi dụng, hành an overseas ….
Khuyến khích, động viên, sự khích lệ động dũng cảm, kỳ công
Mạnh dạn, dám nghĩ dám làm

228. merit (n) 226. industrious (adj)


227. marginal (adj)
Value; success based on one’s work, Willing to work hard
not on luck Not very significant or effective The Dutch settlements in Ottawa
Pay raises at our company are based Our new advertising campaign had County were founded by industrious
on merit, as determined by a only marginal success, raising sales farmers who objected to frivolous
committee of managers. by a mere 3 percent. behavior such as dancing.
Usage tips: Merit is uncountable. Mép, ở mép, khó trồng trọt (đất đai) Cần cù, siêng năng
Sự xuất sắc, sự xứng đáng, sự kiện

231. distill (v)


230. resign (v) 229. promote (v)
To remove one liquid from a mixture of
liquids by boiling; to get something To quit one’s job To move someone to a higher
valuable from a confusing mix of ideas position in a company
Because of controversy over his
The forest peoples of Southeast Asia Because of his excellent handling of
leadership style, Morton resigned
the Vredeman account, Jim Harris
distill an alcoholic drink called darak from his job as president. was promoted to vice president.
Chảy nhỏ giọt, chưng cất (hóa học) Từ chức, từ bỏ, cam chịu Thăng cấp, xúc tiến, đẩy mạnh

234. haggle (v) 232. entreprenneurial (adj)


233. extract (v)
To argue back and forth about a price Able to create business opportunities
To take out from a wide variety of circumstances
The customer and the shopkeeper
haggled over the silver plate for International mining companies came to Many engineers of the 1970s made
more than an hour. the Malay Peninsula to extract the great computers, but only a few were
region’s massive tin deposits. entrepreneurial enough to see the
Usage tips:followed by over or about. business possibilities ..
Trích, bòn rút, nhổ, khai căn (toán)
Tranh cãi, mặc cả (kinh doanh) Nghề thầu khoán
236. merchant (n)
237. proportionately (adv) 235. intrepid (adj)
A person who makes a living by Fearless
In an amount appropriate to each of
selling things
several recipients For nearly 200 years, only the most
The spice merchants of the eastern intrepid colonists would cross the
The food aid was distributed
markets charged top prices to the Appalachian Mountains.
proportionately per family, with
Dutch and British sailors, who ..
larger families receiving more. Gan dạ, dũng cảm
Nhà buôn, thương gia, buôn bán
Cân đối, đối xứng

238. prototype (n)


240. shuttle (v)
239. reward (n) The first one made of a machine or
To move back and forth often system
Something one gets for having done
between two places
well The airplane manufacturer uses
The small jet shuttles between robots to test every prototype, just in
The greatest reward of being a
Kuala Lumpur and Singapore nearly case there is a problem with the
parent is to see your child make a
every two hours. design
wise decision.
Con thoi, qua lại như con thoi, giao Người đẩu tiên, vật đầu tiên,
Phần thưởng, thưởng công, đền ơn
thông vận tải tuyến đường ngắn
nguyên mẫu

242. authority (n) 241. advocate (v)


The power to make decisions, to tell To speak out in favor of something
243. bitterly (adv)
others what to do.
Strongly and with a lot of bad feelings Some environmentalists advocate
The governor has the authority to removing large dams from the
Senator Thomas bitterly opposed call the legislature together for
Columbia River.
the movement to design a new state emergency sessions.
flag. Người biện hộ, người bào chữa,
Quyền thế, người có thẩm quyền, tài
Cay đắng, chua chát liệu có thể làm căn cứ đáng tin cậy người ủng hộ, chủ trương, tán thành

245. coalition (n)


246. contest (v) 244. candidate (n)
A group of several different groups or
To challenge countries that are working together to Someone who wants to be chosen,
achieve a certain goal. especially in an election, for a position
Dave Roper, who narrowly lost the
mayor’s race, contested the results, Several local churches, synagogues, In most U.S. elections, there are only
and temples formed a coalition to two major-party candidates for
demanding a recount of the votes.
promote understanding among … president.
Cuộc thi, trận đấu, tranh luận, tranh Sự liên kết, sự liên minh Người ứng cử, người xin việc, thí
cãi, tranh giành, tranh cử sinh

249. policy (n) 248. inaugurate (v)


247. election (n)
An approved way for approaching a To bring into public office; to start
A process in which people choose
certain kind of situation formally
officials
The policy said that government The president is elected in November Because of problems with vote-counting,
money could not be given to any one. but is inaugurated until Jan.. international observers monitored this
year’s election to make sure it was fair.
Chính sách, cách xử sự, các điều Giới thiệu, khai mạc, khánh thành,
Sự tuyển cử, sự bầu cử
khoản, sự sáng suốt, khôn ngoan mở đầu

251. accuse (v)


252. allegedly (adv) 250. poll (v)
To say that someone did something
According to what people say To find out a small group’s opinion so that
wrong (e.g., committed a crime)
The chief financial officer of the you can guess what a much larger group
Jordan was accused of using a thinks
company allegedly took company
stolen credit card to buy about $300 The newspaper polled 500 registered
money for his personal use.
worth of electronic equipment. voters and found that only 27 percent
Mọi người cho rằng, được cho rằng were in favor of expanding the city zoo.
Buộc tội, kết tội
Bầu cử, bỏ phiếu, thăm dò ý kiến
253. civil (adj):
254. convict (v)
255. guilty (adj) Involving a dispute between two
To decide that someone is guilty of a
Responsible for doing something bad citizens, not a criminal charge
crime
The jury found that the director was In a civil suit against his neighbor,
Dean was convicted of assault after
guilty of embezzlement. Barney claimed that the neighbor’s
the jury saw a video of him striking
dog had bitten him.
another man.
Usage tips :civil suit, civil action, civil
Usage tips Convict is often used in the
court, civil proceedings, civil
passive voice.
penalties.

258. suspect (n)


257. peer (n) 256. offense (n)
Someone who, in the opinion of the
A person who is one’s social equal A specific act that breaks the law
police, might have committed a
certain crime In requiring judgment by “a jury of one’s Convicted twice of reckless driving,
peers,” U.S. law meant to protect lower- Victor will lose his license if he
The police were investigating the
class defendants from the possibly commits another serious traffic
activities of five suspects in the
biased judgment of upper-class juries.. offense
liquor-store robbery.
(n) người cùng địa vị, ngang hàng (n)sự vi phạm, phạm tội
(n)Người khả nghi, người bị tình nghi

259. verdict (n)


261. apprehend (v) 260. witness (v)
A judgment in a court case
To capture To see something, especially a crime,
happen It took the jury only 30 minutes to
The police apprehended the robbery reach a verdict of “guilty.”
suspect as he tried to get on a bus to After witnessing the car theft,
Chicago. Rodney called the police Usage tips Verdict is often the object
of the verbs reach or arrive at.
(v) tóm lấy, bắt lấy (v) chứng kiến, làm chứng
(n) lời tuyên án, phán quyết

263. bureaucratic (adj) quan liêu 262. ascertain (v) To make sure of
264. condemn (v) The police failed to ascertain that the
Related to a large organization with a lot
To speak out against something in of complicated procedures man they arrested was the Gregory
very strong terms Brown they were really looking for.
Before I could speak with the chief, I
Religious radicals condemned the had to go through a bureaucratic Usage tips Ascertain is often
government for allowing alcohol to be runaround of identity checks and written followed by a that clause. Notice that
sold in restaurants. requests. the root of the word is the adjective
certain, meaning “sure.”
(v) kết án, kết tội, xử phạt Usage tips implies that something is
inefficient and unnecessarily complicated. (v) biết chắc, xác định chắc chắn

266. implicate (v)


267. inquiry (n) To suggest that someone was involved 265. evidence (n)
An investigation in a crime or other wrong behavior Something that makes the truth of a
No group claimed responsibility for the statement seem more likely
The FBI launched an inquiry into the
relationship between organized crime bombing, but the type of explosive used The most convincing evidence that
and the trucking company. implicates the Heartland Freedom Militia Garner robbed the store was a
Usage tips Implicate is often followed videotape from surveillance cameras.
(n) Câu hỏi, yêu cầu thông tin; sự
điều tra, thẩm vấn by in. (n) chứng cớ, bằng chứng
(v) lôi kéo, làm vướng, dính lứu vào

270. surveillance (n) sự giám sát


268. intrusively (adv)
A process of watching something or 269. seize (v)
someone for a long time, usually because In a way that brings an unwanted person
the person is suspected of something To take something against its owner’s or thing into someone else’s affairs
will
Police surveillance of one suspected The new consultant from company
car thief resulted in the arrest of a Federal agents can seize private headquarters appeared intrusively at
whole gang of carjackers. homes and other property possibly meetings

Usage tips Surveillance is often (v) bắt giữ, tịch thu; nắm, chộp, giữ. (adv) xâm nhập, xâm phạm (n) Nạn lụt,
followed by an of phrase tràn ngập (v) ùa tới, chảy máu dạ con
273. contrary (adj) 271. analyze (v)
272. assail (v)
Opposite To examine something by looking at
To attack or criticize forcefully its parts
Contrary to most studies, Dr. Ito’s
work shows the world’s climate is not With DNA evidence from the crime Chemists analyzed the white powder
getting warmer. scene, the defense lawyer assailed and found it to be only a mixture of
the police for falsely arresting his sugar and salt.
Usage tips Common phrases are client.
contrary to and on the contrary (v) phân tích, nghiên cứu bản chất
(v) tấn công, xông vào đánh.
(adj) đối lập

274. hypothesize (v) đưa ra giả thuyết


275. impair (v)
276. inference (n) To make a guess, the correctness of
To make something less effective
which will eventually be investigated
A conclusion drawn from evidence than usual
systematically.
Inspector Dowd’s inference that Ms. The snow impaired John’s ability to
Scientists hypothesize that planets
Miller was South African was based hear anyone’s footsteps.
capable of supporting life exist beyond
on her accent. Usage tips The object of impair is our solar system, but they have not yet
(n) sự suy ra, sự kết luận often [someone’s] ability to seen any..
(v) làm suy yếu, kém. Usage tips Hypothesize is often followed
by a that clause
278.suspicious (adj) nghi ngờ, khả nghi 277. objectively (adv)
279. tolerate (v) Believing that something is wrong; Based on unbiased standards, not on
To avoid getting upset about acting in a way that makes people personal opinion
something believe you have done something wrong
I don’t like Mr. Rowan, but looking
My math teacher tolerates a lot of The neighbors became suspicious of objectively at his sales numbers, I
talking in her class, but my history Jim when he bought a big new car and saw that he was a very valuable
teacher tells us to be quiet. some fancy clothes. Jim’s suspicious employee.
purchases made his neighbors think he
(v) tha thứ, khoan dung; chịu đựng (adv) khách quan
might be getting money illegally.
Usage tips Inherent is followed by in

282. cynically (adv) 281. bribery (n) 280. versus (prep)


Disrespectfully; emphasizing the Giving money or other gifts to a Against
weaknesses of otherwise respected government official or other person in
things authority in order to get special In the debate, it was pro-war
privileges senators versus antiwar senators
Employees of the Roadways
Department cynically referred to Bribery of police officers is common Usage tips Versus is often
their boss as “the banker” because in countries where police salaries are abbreviated as vs. in sports contexts,
he took so many bribes. very low. or simply v. in legal contexts.

(adv) bất cần đạo lý (n) sự đút lót, ăn hối lộ; mua chuộc (prep) chống lại, đấu với.

283. erode (v)


285. grotesque (adj) To wear away and become smaller
284. evade (v)
Extremely unattractive, in a way that People’s respect for the government
To get away from something that tries
catches a lot of attention. eroded as more officials were
to catch you
Spending $3.5 million to redecorate arrested for corruption.
The robbery suspects tried to evade
the governor’s house is a grotesque Usage tips Erode can be intransitive
the police by fleeing to Canada.
misuse of public money. (the beach eroded) or transitive (the
(v) tránh khỏi, lẩn tránh waves eroded the beach).
(n) lố bịch, kỳ cục.
(v) xói mòn, ăn mòn.
288. reform (v)
287. prevalent (adj)
To make big improvements 286. integrity (n)
Common; easy to find because it
The new law was an attempt to Personal honesty and good character
exists in great amounts
reform the system of giving money to We don’t have a problem with our
political candidates. Distrust of elected officials was
employees stealing from the store
prevalent in our county because
(v) sửa đổi, cải cách because we hire only people with a
many of them were friends with
lot of integrity.
certain candidates.
(n) tính chính trực, liêm chính.sd
(adj) phổ biến, thịnh hành

291. abduction (n) 290. unmask (v)


Kidnapping 289. scandal (n)
Reveal; expose something that is
Pirates got many crew members by A case of wrongdoing that hurts
hidden
abduction, snatching unlucky citizens someone’s reputation
The Forge Trucking Company was
from seaport towns. In the Watergate scandal, some of the
eventually unmasked as a front for
(n) sự bắt cóc (trẻ em...), sự bắt đi, sự president’s top advisors were revealed
organized crime.
cuỗm đi, sự lừa đem đi to be criminals.
(v) bộc lộ tính cách thật (của ai/cái gì);
(n) vụ bê bối, vụ tai tiếng, xì căng đan
bóc trần; lột mặt nạ; vạch mặt

294. deviant (adj) 293. detain (v)


292. coerce (v)
In a style that is not normal and is To prevent someone, for a relatively
To force; to put pressure on someone
offensive to many short time, from going on their way.
to do something
The artist based his reputation on To The police detained at least 20
A criminal’s confession is not usable in
creating deviant works of art that men for questioning, but charged none
court if the police coerce him or her
disgusted most of the public. of them with a crime.
into giving it.
(v) từ bỏ, bỏ rơi; (n) sự phóng túng, (v) ngăn cản, cản trở, cầm chân lại,
(v) buộc, ép, ép buộc
buông thả bắt đợi chờ

295. distort (v)


297. piracy (n)
To twist or misrepresent; to make
Stealing a ship or taking the ship’s
296. intentionally (adv) something seem different from what it
cargo; the unlawful copying of books,
On purpose, not by accident really is
CDs, etc.
Danny intentionally lost his last golf If you hold a pencil in a glass of water,
The software company constantly
ball because he was tired of playing. the water distorts the appearance of
battled piracy.
(adv) cố ý, cố tình the pencil.
(n) nạn cướp biển, việc sao chụp hoặc
(v) bóp méo, làm méo mó, xuyên tạc
phát thanh bất hợp pháp
(sự việc...)

298. predicament (n)


300. villainy (n)
difficult situation, one that is hard to get
Exceptional badness, as demonstrated 299. smuggle (v)
out of
by many serious evil deeds To illegally bring things into a country
College basketball stars face the
Fred was not a natural criminal, but he The pirate Ben Dewar smuggled guns
predicament of wanting to graduate
learned all kinds of villainy while being to British and Indian fighters in North
but being tempted by high professional
jailed for a minor crime. America.
salaries.
(v) hành vi côn đồ; hành động mang (v) buôn lậu, chuyển lậu (hàng hoá)
(n) tính thế khó khăn, tình huống khó
tính chất độc ác
chịu, tình trạng khó xử
303. concentrated (adj)
302. cartel (n) 301. addictive (adj)
Strong because large amounts are in a
A small group controlling a certain area Making someone want it so much that
certain space
of business the person feels ill without it
Concentrated lemon juice is very
The world’s major oil producers formed Some drugs, like heroin or
sour, so I mix it with water when I
a cartel to control the price and supply methamphetamines, are addictive to
make lemonade.
of petroleum. almost everyone who tries them.
(adj) (hoá học) cô đặc; tập trung, tăng
(n) (kinh tế) cacten (adj) nghiện
cường

305. juxtapose (v) 304. interdict (v)


306. misconception (n)
Place next to one another To keep something from reaching a
A mistaken belief
If you juxtapose these two similar certain place
A common misconception about
flowers, you can see clear differences With faster patrol boats, the Coast
rabbits is that they are a kind of rodent.
between them. Guard can more easily interdict drugs
(n) sự quan niệm sai, sự nhận thức
(v) để (hai hoặc nhiều vật) cạnh nhau, being smuggled by sea.
sai, sự hiểu sai
để kề nhau (v) cấm (làm một điều gì, dùng cái gì)
308. potent (adj)
307. modify (v)
309. residual (adj) Powerful
Make small changes in order to get a
Left behind after most of a thing has A very potent type of marijuana with
certain result
gone surprisingly strong effects became
People who live in high mountains
In the airplane, agents found residual available in Burry town.
often modify their car engines to run
traces of heroin. (adj) có hiệu lực, có hiệu nghiệm
well in the thinner air.
(adj) còn dư, còn lại, dôi ra (thuốc...); có uy lực lớn; có sức thuyết
(v) sửa đổi, thay đổi
phục mạnh mẽ (lý lẽ)

311. ancestral (adj)


312. cohesion (n) 310. subtly (adv)
Relating to family members from earlier
Ability to stay together as a unit In a quiet, hard-to-notice way
generations
Family cohesion is difficult if young By subtly changing the soft drink’s
Sweden is my ancestral homeland,
people have to go far away to find formula, we improved its taste and
from which my great-grandfather
work. made production cheaper.
emigrated in 1922.
(n) sự dính liền, sự cố kết (adv) tinh vi, tinh tế
(adj) (thuộc) ông bà, (thuộc) tổ tiên

315. kin (n)


314. inheritance (n) 313. descendant (n)

Relatives
Things passed down to you from your A direct relative in a later generation
ancestors (such as one’s son, daughter, or
Even though my uncle didn’t really like grandchild)
me, he was kind to me because we Billy Sisisky claimed to be a
were kin. My inheritance from my grandmother descendant of Jan Sisisky, a former
included her favorite necklace. king of Poland.
(v) của thừa kế, gia tài, di sản (n) con cháu, hậu duệ, người nối dõi
(n) dòng họ; họ hàng

316. legitimate (adj)


317. paternal (adj)
318. proximity (n)
True and respectable; in the context of
Relating to a father
Nearness family, born of a mother and father who
My mother’s parents have both died,
The house was comfortable, except for were married to each other
but my paternal grandparents are still
its proximity to a busy road. You can skip the meeting if you have a
alive.
(n) trạng thái ở gần (về không gian, legitimate reason.
(v) có quan hệ họ hàng qua người
thời gian...); sự gần gũi (v) đúng luật; hợp pháp; xác thực;
cha; về đằng nội
chính thống

319. sentiment (n)


321. affection (n) 320. sibling (n)

Feelings; opinion based on feelings


An emotional closeness or warmth Brother or sister
I show affection for my girlfriend by
spending time with her, not by I share your sentiments about air
My siblings and I got together to buy
spending money on her. travel, but I disagree that cars are
our parents a gift for their anniversary.
(n) cảm giác ưa thích, yêu mến safer.
(n) anh chị em ruột
(n) cảm tính
324. clique (n)
A small group of friends who are 323. bond (n)
322. associate (v)
unfriendly to people outside the group To keep something from reaching a
To regularly spend time together
certain place
High-schoolers form cliques to gain Carol doesn’t associate with people
Some researchers say that there is an
security and acceptance. who smoke.
especially strong emotional bond
(n) bọn, phường, tụi, bè lũ (v) kết giao, kết hợp, liên hợp, liên
between twins.
kết; cho gia nhập, cho cộng tác
(n) mối quan hệ; mối ràng buộc

327.fluctuate (v) 326. exclusive (adj).


325.confide (v)
To change often,from one condition to Keeping out all but a few people
another To tell very personal things
The most exclusive universities accept
Teenagers are more willing to confide
Earth’s climate fluctuates between only people who want to attend.
warm periods and cold periods. in a friend than in a parent.
Usage tips can indicate a positive
Usage tips Fluctuate is usually followed opinion,but in thecontext of friendship,it Usage tips Confide is almost always
by a between phrase can mean “attached only to one followed by an in phrase.
person.”
Dao động Thổ lộ điều bí mật
Loại bỏ, loại trừ

329. solidarity (n)


330. willing adj. 328. in common (adv)
Agreeable and ready to do something Standing together despite pressure to As a shared characteristic
move apart
Because of their long Billy and Heather have a lot in
friendship,Professor Gardner was Many student groups declared common—basketball,a love of
willing to say a few words solidarity with the Latino Student pizza,and an interest in snakes.
Association
Usage tips Willing is almost always Usage tips In common very often
followed by a to + verb structure. Usage tips Solidarity is usually used appears with the verb to have.
in political contexts.
Sẵn lòng Điểm chung
Sự thống nhất

333. devotion (n) 332. despondent (adj) 331. complex (adj)


A willingness to keep supporting Extremely sad and without hope for Not simple; involving many parts that
someone you admire
the future work together
Grant showed great devotion to his
wife After his girlfriend left him,Johnson A modern car engine is too complex for
was despondent and wouldn’t talk to most car owners to repair by
Usage tips Devotion is often followed
anyone. themselves.
by a to phrase.
Sự cống hiến Tuyệt vọng Phức tạp

335. engender (v). 334. dilemma (n).


336. loyal (adj).
Faithful To bring into being;to cause to exist A difficult choice between two things
Carter was loyal to his girlfriend and The government’s warnings about
I was caught in a dilemma between
would not date anyone else. terrorism engendered fear
throughout the nation. traveling by airplane and taking
Usage tips Loyal is often followed by train,which is slower but more
a to phrase. Usage tips Engender is often
comfortable.
followed by a noun for an emotion.
Chung thủy Tiến thoái lưỡng nan
Sinh ra, gây ra, đem lại
338. proliferation (n).
339. reciprocity (n) An increase in the number of 337. passion (n)
Doing as much for another as he or something
An extremely strong emotion,like love
she has done for you The proliferation of fast-food or anger
Dan was giving a lot of attention to restaurants has made it harder for
Kelly, but he felt no reciprocity in their Americans Debbie complained that there was no
relationship. passion in her marriage.
Usage tips Proliferation is very often
Sự nhân nhượng followed by an of phrase. Niềm đam mê
Phổ biến

342. arrogantly (adv). 341. antipathy (n).


A strong,long-lasting negative feeling 340. vanish (v).
In a way that shows a high opinion of
oneself and a low opinion of others My antipathy toward telemarketers is To disappear suddenly
so strong that I am often rude to
Jenny told us about her party only one them. When the sun came out,last night’s
day in advance, arrogantly thinking we light snowfall vanished.
Usage tips Antipathy is often
had nothing else to do. followed by a toward phrase. Biến mất một cách đột ngột
(adv) kiêu căng, ngạo mạn. (n) ác cảm
343. berate (v)
345. despise (v.) 344. contemptuous (adj)
say insulting & disrespectful things (=
Hate very much Having no respect scold/ rebuke)
Tom grew to despise his greedy and Most scientists are contemptuous of The teacher lost his job because he
unfriendly boss. reports that aliens from outer space cruelly berated students who made
have landed on the Earth. mistakes

Xem thường, khinh miệt Usage tips contemptuous of sb/sth Usage tips U can only berate sb
directly- only when he/she can hear u
Khinh bỉ, khinh khỉnh
mắng mỏ, nhiếc móc

347. obnoxious (a) 346. humiliation n.


348.shame (n) Dishonor because
one has done something wrong Bothersome; doing small things that An event that causes someone to feel
others don’t like that she or he has lost the respect of
Feeling deep shame because of their
son’s crimes, the Ford family moved My obnoxious neighbor keeps others
to a different town. talking to me while I’m trying to read Losing the chess tournament was a
in my backyard great humiliation for Marie, and she
Shame on you! Thật đáng xấu hổ
obnoxious smell / obnoxious gas never played chess again
Usage tips Shame of/about sth
Khó chịu, đáng ghét/ghê tởm; độc Sự / tình trạng (bị) làm nhục, làm bẽ
Xấu hổ, ngượng ngùng, ô nhục, mặt

350.vitriolic (adj) Showing an 349.stigmatize (v) mark with visible


351. adolescent (a, n) extreme, hateful anger features making people think,
perhaps incorrectly, that sb/sth is
Characteristic of a teenager; not fully The mayor’s vitriolic attacks against
wrong
grown up the city council only made him sound
unreasonable. Cadbury’s beard and tattoos
In policy meetings, George refuses to Usage tips Origin of vitriolic is “vitriol” stigmatized him as a bad match for
reason with anyone and just scowls in a strong chemical that could cause Wall Street, so he couldn’t find work
an adolescent way. painful burns. as a financial analyst
(a,n) thanh thiếu niên sunfuric; chua cay, thâm độc Làm nổi tính cách xấu/bêu xấu; đóng
sắt nung vào (người nô lệ)

354. delinquency tội lỗi


353. conflict (v-n) 352. cause (n)
Serious misbehavior; not doing what
one should do To fit so poorly together that the A political or social goal that one
differences cause a problem believes is right and works to achieve
Because of his laziness and
delinquency, Lefty was an unreliable A teenager’s need for security can
friend Our river cleanup effort would be
conflict with his desire for more effective if someone famous
Usage tips A common combination is independence from his family. spoke out for the cause.
juvenile delinquency, meaning “criminal
behavior by a teenager.” (v-n) xung đột (n) chính nghĩa

357. hypocritically adv 356. hedonistic (adj) chủ nghĩa khoái 355. fringe
lạc
In a way that accuses other people of Edge; in social contexts, parts of
weaknesses Excessively interested in seeking society that look or act very different
that the speaker also possesses pleasure from most people

Henry spent $2,500 on a new suit and Suddenly wealthy, Allen fell into a Punk music got its start at the
then hypocritically accused me of hedonistic life of parties, expensive fringe of London’s rock music
spending too much on clothes dinners, and heavy drinking. culture.

(adv) giả nhân, giả nghĩa Usage tips Hedonistic usually implies Usage tips Fringe implies an edge
that the pleasures are wrong. that is uneven and not very solid.
359. Rebel v.
358. manipulation n
360. status quo n To go against an established system
or authority Quietly moving or influencing people
The systems and conditions that exist The people of Ghurdia rebelled or things in
now against the dictator and set up a order to get what you want
Let’s just maintain the status quo until new government.
Bob’s manipulation of the boss’s
we can think of a better way.
Usage tips Rebel works well in feelings led to his promotion
political contexts and in contexts of
personal relationships
363.conflict (V) 362. Cause (N) 361. adolescent (adj)
To fit so poorly together that the A political or social goal that one Characteristic of a teenager; not fully
differences cause a problem believes is right and works to achieve grown up
A teenager’s need for security can Our river cleanup effort would be more In policy meetings, George refuses to
conflict with his desire for inde- effective if someone famous spoke out reason with anyone and just scowls in
pendence from his family. for the cause. an adolescent way.
Đối lập, trái ngược Sự nghiệp Thuộc hoặc tiêu biểu thời thanh niên

366 hedonistic (Adj) 365. fringe (N) 364. delinquency (N)


Excessively interested in seeking Edge; in social contexts, parts of Serious misbehavior; not doing what
pleasure society that look or act very different one should do
Suddenly wealthy, Allen fell into a from most people Because of his laziness and
hedonistic life of parties,expen-sive Punk music got its start at the fringe of delinquency Lefty was an unreliable
dinners, and heavy drinking. London’s rock music culture. friend
Usage tips Hedonistic usually implies Usage tips Fringe implies an edge that Usage tips: A common combination is
that the pleasures are wrong. is uneven and not very solid juvenile delinquency, meaning “criminal
Chủ nghĩa khoái lạc 1. Ven rìa 2. Thành phần cực đoan behavior by a teenager.”
Sự phạm tội, phạm pháp

369. rebel. (V) 368. manipulation (N) 367. hypocritiaclly (Adv)


To go against an established system or Quietly moving or influencing people or In a way that accuses other people of
authority things in order to get what you want weaknesses that the speaker also
The people of Guardia rebelled against
the dictator and set up a new possesses
government. Bob’s manipulation of the boss’s Henry spent $2,500 on a new suit and
Usage tips Rebel works well in political feelings led to his promotion. then hypocritically accused me of
contexts and in contexts of’ personal Sự lôi kéo, sự vận động (bằng mánh
spending too much on clothes.
relationships khóe)
Giả nhân, giả nghĩa
Nổi loạn, chống đối

372. context (N) 371. abstract.(Adj) 370. status quo (N)


A larger environment that something fits
into Not concrete and realistic; not obviously The systems and conditions that exist
In the context of Soviet Russia, public related to every-day experience now
art had to be about the triumph of
communism and its leaders. Abstract painting became popular Let’s just maintain the status quo
Usage tips The preposition in often partly because early photography was until we can think of a better way.
comes before context, and an of phrase very realistic.
Tình trạng
often comes after it. Trừu tượng
Ngữ cảnh

375.esthetically. (adv) 374. dimension (N) 373. depict (V)


In a way that relates to beauty or
appearance A direction or surface along which To show in pictures
The outside of the office building is something can be measured; an aspect
Michelangelo’s painting on the ceiling
esthetically pleasing,but the inside is The three dimensions of physical
dark and unpleasant. of the Sistine Chapel depicts nine
objects are length, width, and depth.
Usage tips Esthetically is often spelled scenes from the Bible.
One dimension of the problem is their
with an “a”at the beginning:
long history of competition. Mô tả, vẽ
aesthetically..
về mặt thẩm mĩ, thẩm mĩ Chiều, kích thước, khổ

378.portrayal. (N) 377.perspective (N) 376. Intrinsic. (Adj)


A description or drawing that reflects a
A way of seeing from a particular Being part of the basic nature of
certain point of view
location; a way of thinking about something
Most portrayals of Abraham Lincoln
something
emphasize his sense of humor and his
From my perspective, the entire town Frequent elections are intrinsic to a
honesty.
can be seen through a set of large democratic system.
Usage tips Portrayal is often followed by
windows.
an of phrase to indicate what is being
They held different perspectives on how Thuộc bản chất
described.
to care for their aging parents.
Sự vẽ chân dung, miêu tả
Viễn cảnh
381. advent (N) 380. spectrum.(N) 379.realism (N)
Coming; arrival A range of different things, usually A technique that tries to picture
The advent of the automobile greatly colors something as it really looks
Bart’s colorful designs include every Realism was popular among
increased the demand for petroleum. color of the spectrum, from deep blue seventeenth-century Flemish painters
Usage tips Advent is usually followed to vibrant red. like Rembrandt van Rijn.
by an of phrase. Usage tips The phrase the spectrum Chủ nghĩa hiện thực
Sự đến, sự tớ frequently means “the colors that the
human eye can see.”
Hình ảnh, phổ màu

384. decipher. (N) 383. connotation (N) 382. ambiguous (Adj)


To figure out the meaning, even though
it is written in a code or an unknown A meaning implied,not stated directly Having more than one possible
language meaning
When my boss says,” Thank you,” the
The Rosetta Stone helped
archaeologists decipher ancient connotation is that she’s done talking The sentence It’s hard to say is
Egyptian writing. and I should leave. ambiguous, with different meanings
Usage tips A cipher is a code or in different contexts.
Nghĩa rộng
puzzle;decipher means “solve a puzzle
written in code.” Mơ hồ, lưỡng nghĩa
Sự giải mã

387. ingenious (Adj) 386. illiterate (Adj) 385.denote (V)


Very clever and imaginative Unable to read To mean something clearly and
directly
Ann thought up an ingenious way to In many villages nearly everyone was
keep other people from accidentally illiterate and unschooled, and the few An “X”next to a name on this list
taking her pens. who could read held great power denotes a person who has been
chosen for the soccer team.
Thông minh và giàu trí tưởng tượng Không có khả năng đọc
Biểu hiện, biểu thị, chứng tỏ

390. symbolic. (Adj) 389. phonetic (Adj) 388. inscription. (N)


Acting as a sign for some other thing or
idea Related to the sounds in a language Something written into a piece of rock
Since the 1970s,yellow ribbons have or metal
Children learning to write often make up
been symbolic of hope that someone
will return from a dangerous situation. phonetic spellings, based on the way a The inscription on my ring says
Usage tips Symbolic is often followed word sounds. “August 1,”because that was the day
by an of phrase indicating the meaning of our wedding.
Ngữ âm
of a symbol.
Biểu tượng 1. Câu viêt, câu khắc (trên bia)

393. charismatic (Adj) 392. cast (N) 391. amateurish (Adj)


Extremely attractive and charming The group of actors in a play, movie,
television show, etc. Not good enough to be the work of
Because of the sparkle in his eye and
Some viewers mistakenly start thinking professionals
his confident style, John F. Kennedy that a TV show’s cast members are
was a charismatic leader. really the characters they play. Whoever painted this room did an
Rất quyến rũ và thu hút Usage tips In U.S.Eng, cast is singular. amateurish job, with all sorts of
In some other varieties of English it is uneven edges.
plural.
Sự phân phối các vai diễn Tài tử, ko chuyên nghiệp

396. improvisation (N) 395. hilarious (Adj) 394.Gala. (Adj) Expensive,


elaborately arranged, and full of
Inventing a solution to an unexpected Very funny celebration
problem
In my opinion, the most hilarious A college graduation party should be
Boy Scouts take pride in their character on television was Basil a gala affair, not a backyard
improvisation when faced with Faulty. barbecue.
trouble during a camping trip. Usage tips Gala is somewhat old-
Hài hước
fashioned, far more common in print
Sự ứng biến than in speech
Đắt tiền
398. medium (N) 397. incompetent (Adj)
399. skit (N)
A channel or way for a meaning to be Unskilled; lacking the ability to
A short, informal play perform a task
expressed
Marine and Chris spent a long time Because we hired an incompetent
practicing their skit for the school Watercolor art is often considered builder to replace our roof, we now
show. childish, but some artists have have leaks everywhere.
achieved great things working in that
Vở kịch ngắn, trào phúng Usage tips Usually, incompetent
medium. implies that someone tries to do
Phương tiện Không có năng lực

400. zeal (Nj)


Enthusiasm; a deep determination to
402. reckless (adj) 401. recede (v) do well

careless, rash retreat, go back, subside, withdraw Unfortunately, Tom’s zeal to become
a rock star distracted him from his
bất cẩn, vội vàng, hấp tấp lùi lại, rút lui, rút lại studies.
Usage tips Zeal is often followed by
to plus a verb or by a for phrase.

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