IS2103

DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING

User Interface

Business Logic

Database a abase Access Control

Dumb Terminal

Mainframe

Database

Presentation (1st Tier)

Business Logic (2nd Tier)

Backend (3rd Tier)

Windows GUI

Database

Personal Computer Java GUI

Network Computer

Database

Servlets

Java Web Server

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ModelViewControllerPattern
Consistsofthreekindsofobjects Applicationobjects(Model) Screenpresentationobjects(View) Objectsmanagingthewayuserinterfacereactstouser input(Controller) BeforeMVC,userinterfacedesignstendedtolump

theseobjectstogether MVCdecouples d l them h toincrease i flexibility fl ibili and dreuse

DistributedObjectArchitecture
Basedonanetworkcommunicationlayer y Thereare3parts:
Businessobject Stub Skeleton

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RMI

RemoteObject: AddServer

RMI

JVM 1

JVM 2

Client

Server

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Client
1. Client invokes a business method

Network (RMI Protocol)

2. Communicate method invoked to Skeleton

Middle Tier
3. Skeleton invoke method on Business Object

RMI Loop p
STUB

SKELETON

BUSINESS OBJECT

5. Return results to Client

4. Communicate return values to Stub

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Terms
Marshalling convertsobjectsintoabytestreamand

unmarshalling g reversesthep process converting gabyte y stream toanobject Objectserialization:theabilitytoconvertanobjectintoa stream t of fb bytes t th that tcanl later t be b converted t dback b ki into t acopy oftheoriginalobject Astub isaclientsideobjectthatrepresentstheremote object.Astubhasthesamelistofmethodsthattheremote objectexposestootherobjects Askeleton residesontheserversideandtakescareofall detailspertainingtotheremotenatureoftheserverside object j sothattheactualserversideobject j doesnothaveto worryabouthowtohandlethenetworklevelcommunication.
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FindingObjectsinRMI
Usenamingordirectoryservice Needtofirstfindthenamingordirectoryservice Anaming gordirectory yservice isusually yrunonahost

listeningonacertainportnumber Theclienthastoknowthehostandportnumbersof thenamingordirectoryservicebeforeitcanlocate theremoteobject RMIimplementsitsownnamingservicewhichisa registry ofnamesmappedtoremoteobjects

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StepsinDevelopingRMIApplications
DefinetheremoteinterfacefortheAddServerobject ImplementtheremoteinterfacewithAddServerImpl class Writeaclientapplicationtoinvoketheadd()methodofthe

AddServer Generatestubsandskeletons
rmic addRmi.AddServerImpl p

Writeaserverapplication Starttheregistry
start rmiregistry

Runtheserverapplication Runthe h client l application l

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RunServerandClientApplications
RunServerApplication:
java addRmi.AddServerApp

RunClientApplication:
java addRmi.AddClientApp 127.0.0.1 3 4

Outputs:
First number is: 3 Second number is: 4 R Result l is: i 7.0 7 0
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IS2103

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