C.S. Project Work

Presented by:
Guided by and submitted to:

RAILWAY ENQUIRY AND
RESERVATION SYSTEM
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Piyush Kumar of class XII - B has
completed this project titled Railway Enquiry and
Reservation System under my guidance in the
computer lab during the year 2013-2014.
Date:
Submitted for CENTRAL BOARD OF SECONDRY EDUCATION
Examination held in Computer Lab at KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA BHEL HARIDWAR.
Examiner:
Seal:
Mr. Navneet Singh
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I bestow my hearted appreciation and
gratefulness to the efforts made by my Computer
Science Teacher: Mr. Navneet Singh, in terms of
the Project Idea, instruction and the
opportunity, without which my efforts would
have remained astray. His unflagging patience,
creativity and immense knowledge that he shared
with me have proved highly beneficial to me and
have made my Project File possible and successful.
Piyush Kumar
XII - B
INDEX
1.Introduction
a. Motivation
b.Scope / Feasibility
c. Functionality
2.Implementation
a. Referential Diagram
b.Schemas and Data Dictionary
c. Data Flow
d.Session Management
e.Performance Analysis
3.External Interface Requirements
4.Notes and suggested future work
5.Header files used and their
purpose
6.Coding in C++
INTRODUCTION
This project aims at development of an Online Railway Reservation
Utility which facilitates the Railway customers to manage their reservations
online, and the Railway administrators to modify the backend databases in a
User-Friendly manner.
The Customers are required to register on the server for getting
access to the database and query result retrieval. Upon registration, each
user has an account which is essentially the view level for the customer.
The account contains comprehensive information of the user entered
during registration and permits the customer to get access to his past
reservations, enquire about travel fare and availability of seats, make afresh
reservations, update his account details, etc.
The Railway Administrator is the second party in the transactions. The
administrator is required to login using a master password, once
authenticated as an administrator, one has access and right of modification to
all the information stored in the database at the server. This includes the
account information of the customers, attributes and statistics of stations,
description of the train stoppages and physical description of coaches, all
the reservations that have been made, etc. The railway administrator has
the right to modify any information stored at the server database.
o MOTIVATION
This project is dedicated to
model the existing Railway/(other) reservation
systems
provide a comprehensive set of features to
enhance their operational limits
evaluate their performance in different
scenarios
suggest modifications for greater efficiency
o SCOPE AND FEASIBILITY
Implementations of this project idea are in
industrial use in the form of www.irctc.co.in,
etc. Hence, this can be used for suggesting
improvements in design, performance and
greater usability.
Apart from the industrial applications
mentioned above, it is a research oriented
project as well, the task of performance
evaluation of different database designs, for
efficiency, is in this spirit.
o FUNCTIONALITY
The Customer and the Railway Administrator are the two parties which interact with
the database, who have different view level schemas to the database information.

Customer Services

i. Create an account by registering, modify account details, deregister
from the services
ii. Make afresh multi passenger reservations, the
customers are provided to choose their berths/reservation
spots rather than being randomly allocated positions
iii. View , modify or cancel past reservations
iv. Customers are provided with different reservation status, just as in real
life systems
v. Consumers are informed, through emails,
about updates in the reservations
and trains
vi. Consumers are informed about the various seasonal
offers and discounts.

Administrator Services
i. Add new train services or update the existing train services, e.g.
modifying their stopping stations, stoppage times, tariffs, etc.
ii. Add or update the physical description of trains, like number of
coaches, type of coaches, number of
berths, etc.
Update information about addition of railway stations, add new
railway stations, drop existing railway stations, etc.
iv. Access and modify customer accounts or customer reservations.
o REFERENTIAL DIAGRAM
o DATA DICTIONARY
<User>
e.g.(ssidha, rashish)
<train>n
e.g.(2300n, 2200n)
<train>c e.g.(2300n, 2200n)
Authentication
globalreservations
Attribute Type Constraints References
Pnrno Integer Primary key Pnrno of globalreservations
Station
Arrivaltim
e
Stopnum
Varchar(4
) Time
Integer
Primary key
-
Candidate key
Stationacronym of stationinfo
-
-
Coachnu
m
coachtyp
e
coachcap
integer
varchar(4
) Integer
Primary key
-
-
-
-
Usernam
e
Password
Varchar(4
)
varchar(4
)
Primary
key Not
NULL
-
-
pnrno
startingstatio
n
endingstation
trainno
date
username
pass1_nam
e
pass1_age
pass1_coachnu
m
pass1_waitnum
pass1_berthnum
pass1_status
pass2_name
pass2_age
pass2_coachnu
m
pass2_waitnum
pass2_berthnu
m pass2_status
pass3_name
pass3_age
pass3_coachnu
m
pass3_waitnum
integer
varchar(4)
varchar(4)
integer
integer
varchar(20
)
varchar(20
) integer
integer
integer
integer
integer
varchar(20
) integer
integer
integer
integer
integer
varchar(20
) integer
integer
integer
Primary
key Not
NULL Not
NULL Not
NULL Not
NULL Not
NULL Not
NULL Not
NULL Not
NULL Not
NULL Not
NULL Not
NULL
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Stationacronym of
stationinfo Stationacronym
of stationinfo trainno of
globaltrains
-
Username of authentication
-
-
Coachnum of <trainno>c, <train>_<date>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
pass3_berthnum
pass3_status
integer
integer
-
-
-
-
globaltrains
stationinfo
<trainno>_<date>
e.g. (2300_101, 2400_102)
Notes:
i. For each customer / user, there is a file named <username> of the
user which stores the PNR number of all recent the user has made.
The details of the reservation can be obtained by performing a
natural join with the globalreservations table.
The table is updated on new reservation being made and an
existing reservation being cancelled.
ii. For each train, there are 2 tables which describe the train,
a. <train>n This stores the stations at which a train stops, the
arrival times at the stations and the stop numbers of the
stations. This is required to provide the facility to a customer
of being able to make reservations for intermediate stops
and need not book the ticket for the whole journey. Upon a
request for showing trains to book a journey, a query is made
to each <train>n table
trainno
startstation
endstation
starttime
endtime
integer
varchar(4)
varchar(4)
time
time
Primary key
Not NULL
Not NULL
Not NULL
Not NULL
-
Arrivaltime of <trainno>n
Arrivaltime of <trainno>n
Stationacronym
stationname
varchar(4)
varchar(20)
Primary key
-
-
-
coachno
available
cap_str
waiting
Integer
integer
varchar(100)
integer
Primary key
Not NULL
Not NULL
-
Coachnum of <trainno>c
-
-
-
to match the stations and the stoppage number ensures that the train
arrives at the starting station before the ending station. This can be
updated only by the administrator. A new table of such type is
created and the records are inserted upon the request by the
administrator to announce a new train route. To ensure the integrity of
the table the administrator is provided with a drop down box for
choosing stations to protect from the accidental error of entering
non-existent stations.
b. <train>c This stores the physical description of the coach types
available in the train. It stores the coach number of a coach, the
respective coach capacity and the coach type. This is to provide the
customers with the flexibility of choosing the coach type. This also
enables the administrator to make new types of coaches available
to the customer for bookings. When the customer is provided with
a list of trains that serve a particular station pair (route), then he is
provided with the facility of viewing the coach types of various classes in
the train which he selected from the list. This can be updated only by the
administrator. A new table of such type is created and the records are
inserted upon the request by the administrator to announce a new
train route.
iii. Each user is provided with an account, which is used for session
management, the authentication table stores the account information
for each user. The customer / user is provided to view and make
reservations only when he enters a legitimate username and password
pair. Upon a successful authentication, a php session is initiated. This
table is updated upon registration of a new customer, deregistration of
an existing customer or by means of a change in password request
by an existing user.
iv. The whole database is centred about the table
globalreservations, this table stores the complete details of all recent
reservations. It stores the boarding and de-boarding stations, arrival times,
date of journey, passenger list, the coach and berths allotted, etc. To
ensure the integrity of this table, the users are provided with drop down
boxes to choose stations and date. This table is modified upon
reservation, cancellation, update in reservation of existing reservations,
which may be explicit in the form of changing the passenger details, or
implicit due to change in reservation status from wait list to confirmed.
This table is queried upon after being joined with the <user> table when a
customer wishes to view his recent reservations. This is undoubtedly the
central and the key link relating data entities in the database.
v. For making reservations, the table globaltrains consists of the identification
details of all existing trains and their routes. In the query to make afresh
reservation, this table provides the names of the tables whose station list
needs to be searched for finding the in-order station pairs of the journey.
vi. Just as for trains, station details are stored in the table named stationinfo.
This is used when the administrator tries to input new trains as a service to
the customers. This constraints the administrator to choose, the start and
ending stations, from a drop down menu and preventing accidental input
of non existing stations.
vii. Each train and date pair for a recent date, have a table
<trainno>_<date> describing the current reservations that have been
made in the train <trainno> on date <date>. For
each coach, a string of length equal to the capacity of the coach
denotes the status of the reservation in it. The string
consists of o and e, which essentially flag whether the berth
/ seat is occupied or empty. New instances are added automatically
upon change of date and past tables are dropped.
The attribute waiting is stored to store the current count of wait listed
reservations that have been booked for a particular coach type for the train
on that date.

o DATA FLOW CHART
o SESSION MANAGEMENT
The data and the files present at the server are password
locked. Hence, to gain access to them the user has to
pass through the authentication process at index.php /
adminauthenticate.php, wherein a php session is
initiated and the relevant session variables get
initiated. If a client tries to access the locked files
without starting a session, it is denied access and
redirected to request for starting a session.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
In this section, we evaluate the performance depending on the
following variables to provide generic expressions rather than measure
the times on a particular server-client-network pair
Database design in terms of the Normal forms the schemas
conform
Number of joins, selections, projections, etc. for various
forms of queries
Average access time over the internet

Terminoly
a) N
<x>
: denotes the number of records in table <x>
b) A
<v,x>
: denotes the number of different values of attribute
<v> in table <x>. This is analogous to selectivity of <v> in <x>
c) RTT : denotes the average round trip time over the
network chosen
We make the following assumptions for estimating our
reservation engine performance
a) The time for equi-join on primary key
attributes is proportional to the number of tuples
in the result. This assumption is justified as 1
record of a each table will contribute to only 1
output of the result
b)The time for equi-join on non key attributes on
relation
<x> and <y> is proportional to N
<x>
* N
<y>
. This serves
as a bound
c) The time for selection on primary key in table
<x> is proportional to log(N
<x>
). This is reasonable as
we need to scan a path along the B-Tree
d)The time for selection on equality of non-key attribute
<v>
in table <x> is proportional to (N
<x>
/D
<v,x>
)
We evaluate the service time of frequent operations i.e.
reservation and cancellation. The administrator functions are
assumed to be very rare compared to user / customer activities.
Cancellation
*Bottleneck operation highlighted
Activity Operation Time
Authentication Selection on authentication Nauthentication + RTT
Following HTML link - RTT
Selecting from
reservations
Natural join on globalreservations and
<user>
Nglobalreservation / A<user>
+ RTT
Selecting other tuples
to be updated
Search and update tuples
Nglobaltrains + RTT (*)
Nglobaltrain/Atrainno,date,<
train>_<date> +
Deallocating Seats Selection from <train>_<date> N<train>_<date> + RTT
Database update Update <user>, globalreservations,
<train>_<date>
N<user> +
Nglobalreservations +
N<train>_<date>
Activity Operation Time
Authentication Selection on authentication Nauthentication + RTT
Following HTML link - RTT
Enter destinations
info
Selection on stationinfo Nstationinfo + RTT
Selecting Train Search in all <train> after
selection from
globaltrains
Nglobaltrains +
N<train>*Nglobaltr
ains + RTT (*)
Selecting Seats Selection from <train>_<date> N<train>_<date> + RTT
Database update Update <user>, globalreservations,
<train>_<date>
N<user> +
Nglobalreservations +
N<train>_<date> + RTT
Reservation
*Bottleneck operation highlighted
EXTERNAL INTERFACE REQUIRMENTS
The database engine can be embedded on a platform
using
i. An active mySQL server
ii. A browser which acts as a client
iii. An Apache HTTP server
All the mentioned resources are free source and can be
obtained easily from the internet.
NOTES AND SUGGESTED FUTURE WORK
i. We have provided the ability where at max 3
people can be booked reservations for, this
may not be desirable.
ii. We can extend it to provide multi-train service for
connecting 2 stations, i.e. if there is no direct train
between 2 stations, then we may use more than 1
train to book our reservations.
iii. The analysis assumes conservative and uniform
spread of values, this may not hold and more
sophisticated tools for estimation should be used.
iv. Greater information about the user can be
stored and the user may be updated about
changes in reservation status upon
cancellations, via email
HEADER FILES USED
AND THEIR PURPOSE
1. FSTREAM.H for file handling, cin and cout
2. PROCESS.H for exit() function
3. CONIO.H for clrscr() and getch() functions
4. STDIO.H for standard I/O operations
5. DOS.H for execution of program
6. STRING.H for string handling
7. GRAPHICS.H for graphical display
8. IOMANIP.Hfor C++ streams I/O manipulators
#i ncl ude<f st r eam. h>
#i ncl ude<pr ocess. h>
#i ncl ude<st dl i b. h>
cl ass t r ai n {
pr i vat e :
i nt t r ai nno, nof af seat , nof asseat , nof f sseat , nof acseat , nof ssseat ; char
t r ai nname[ 60] , st ar t i ngpoi nt [ 60] , dest i nat i on[ 60] ; publ i c :
t r ai n( ) {
t r ai nno=0;
nof af seat =0;
nof asseat =0;
nof f sseat =0;
nof acseat =0;
nof ssseat =0;
st r cpy( t r ai nname, " / 0") ;
st r cpy( st ar t i ngpoi nt , "/ 0" ) ;
st r cpy( dest i nat i on, " / 0" ) ;
}
voi d i nput ( ) ; / / To i nput t he det ai l s voi d di spl ay( ) ;
/ / To di spl ay t he det ai l s i nt r et ur nt r ( ) ; i nt r et ur naf ( ) ;
i nt r et ur nas( ) ; i nt r et ur nf s( ) ; i nt r et ur nac( ) ; i nt r et ur nss( ) ;
}t r ;
i nt t r ai n: : r et ur nt r ( ) {
r et ur n t r ai nno;
}
i nt t r ai n: : r et ur naf ( )
{
r et ur n nof af seat ;
}
i nt t r ai n: : r et ur nas( ) {
r et ur n nof asseat ;
/ / PROGRAM - TRAI N RESERVATI ON
#i ndude<i ost r eam. h>
#i ncl ude<coni o. h>
#i ncl ude<st r i ng. h>
#i ncl ude<dos. h>
#i ncl ude<st di o. h>
Coding of Railway
Reservation
System
}
i nt t r ai n: : r et ur nf s( )
{
r et ur n nof f sseat ;
}
i nt t r ai n: : r et ur nac( )
{
r et ur n nof acseat ;
}
i nt t r ai n: : r et ur nss( )
{
r et ur n nof ssseat ;
} 11
voi d t r ai n: : i nput ( )
{
cl r scr ( ) ;
got oxy( 10, 10) ;
cout < <" ENTER THE TRAI N NUMBER ";
got oxy( 57, 10) ;
ci n>>t r ai nno;
got oxy( 10, 12) ;
cout < <" ENTER THE NUMBER OF A/ C FI RST CLASS SEATS" ;
got oxy( 57, 12) ;
ci n>>nof af seat ; got oxy( 10, 14) ;
cout < <" ENTER THE NUMBER OF A/ C SECOND CLASS SEATS";
got oxy( 57, 14) ;
ci n>>nof asseat ;
got oxy( 10, 16) ;
cout < <" ENTER THE NUMBER OF FI RST CLASS SLEEPER SEATS";
got oxy( 57, 16) ;
ci n>>nof f sseat ; got oxy( 10, 18) ;
cout < <" ENTER THE NUMBER OF A/ C CHAI R CAR SEATS" ; got oxy( 57, 18) ;
ci n>>nof acseat ;
got oxy( 10, 20) ;
cout < <" ENTER THE NUMBER OF SECOND CLASS SLEEPER SEATS";
got oxy( 57, 20) ;
ci n>>nof ssseat ;
got oxy( 10, 22) ;
cout < <" ENTER THE TRAI N NAME";
got oxy( 57, 22) ;
get s( t r ai nname) ;
got oxy( 10, 24) ;
cout <<"ENTER THE STARTI NG POI NT ";
got oxy( 57, 24) ;
get s( st ar t i ngpoi nt ) ; got oxy( 10, 26) ;
cout <<"ENTER THE DESTI NATI ON " ;
got oxy( 57, 26) ;
get s( dest i nat i on) ;
voi d t r ai n: : di spl ay ( ) {
cl r scr ( ) ;
got oxy( 10, 10) ; cout <<"TRAI N NUMBER "; got oxy( 47, 10) ;
cout <<t r ai nno;
got oxy( 10, 12) ; cout <<"TRAI N NAME " ; got oxy( 47, 12) ;
put s( t r ai nname) ;
got oxy( 10, 14) ;
cout <<"NO OF A/ C FI RST CLASS SEATS " ;
got oxy( 47, 14) ;
cout <<nof af seat ;
got oxy( 10, 16) ;
cout <<"NO OF A/ C SECOND CLASS SEATS " ;
got oxy( 47, 16) ;
cout <<nof asseat ;
got oxy( 10, 18) ;
cout <<"NO OF FI RST CLASS SLEEPER SEATS " ;
got oxy( 47, 18) ;
cout <<nof f sseat ;
got oxy( 10, 20) ;
cout <<"NO OF A/ C CHAI R CLASS SEATS " ;
got oxy( 47, 20) ;
cout <<nof acseat ;
got oxy( 10, 22) ;
cout <<"NO OF SECOND CLASS SLEEPER SEATS " ;
got oxy( 47, 22) ;
cout <<nof ssseat ;
got oxy( 10, 24) ;
cout <<"STARTI NG POI NT " ;
got oxy( 47, 24) ;
put s( st ar t i ngpoi nt ) ;
got oxy( 10, 26) ; cout <<"DESTI NATI ON " ; got oxy( 47, 26) ;
put s( dest i nat i on) ;
got oxy( 10, 28) ;
cout <<"PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTI NUE " ;
get ch( ) ;
}
cl ass t i cket s
{
i nt r esno, t oaf , nof af , t oas, nof as, t of s, nof f s, t oac, nof ac, t oss, nof ss, age;
char st at us[ 40] , name[ 40] ;
publ i c:
t i cket s( ) ;
voi d r eser vat i on( ) ;
voi d cancel l at i on( ) ;
/ / For t i cket r eser vat i on
/ / For t i cket cancel l at i on i nt r et ( ) ;
voi d di spl ay( ) ; / / To di spl ay r eser vat i on det ai l s
}t i ck;
t i cket s: : t i cket s( ) {
r esno=0;
t oaf =0;
nof af =0;
t oas=0;
nof as=0;
t of s=0;
nof f s=0;
t oac=0;
nof ac=0;
t oss=0;
nof ss=0;
age=0;
st r cpy( st at us, " / 0" ) ; st r cpy( name, " / 0" ) ;
}
i nt t i cket s: : r et ( )
{
r et ur n r esno;
}
voi d t i cket s: : di spl ay( )
{
i nt f =0; cl r scr ( ) ;
i f st r eamf n( " Ti cket 1. dat " , i os: : out ) ; f n. seekg( 0) ;
i f ( ! f n)
{
cout <<"ERROR I N THE FI LE " ;
}
X:
got oxy( 10, 10) ;
cout <<"ENTER THE RESERVATI ON NO "; got oxy( 10, 12) ;
i nt n; ci n>>n;
whi l e( ! f n. eof ( ) )
{
f n. r ead( ( char *) &t i ck, si zeof ( t i ck) ) ;
got oxy( 10, 10) ;
i f ( n==r esno)
{
cl r scr ( ) ;
f =1;
got oxy( 10, 10) ;
cout < <" NAME "; got oxy( 30, 10) ; cout <<name; got oxy( 10, 12) ;
cout <<"AGE " ; got oxy( 30, 12) ;
cout <<age;
got oxy( 10, 14) ;
cout <<"PRESENT STATUS " ;
got oxy( 30, 14) ;
cout <<st at us; got oxy( 10, 16) ;
cout <<"RESERVATI ON NUMBER " ;
got oxy( 30, 16) ;
cout <<r esno;
got oxy( 10, 18) ;
cout <<"PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTI NUE " ;
get ch( ) ;
}
}
i f ( f ==0) {
cl r scr ( ) ;
got oxy( 10, 10) ;
cout <<"UNRECOGI NI ZED RESERVATI ON NO ! ! ! WANNA
RETRY ?( Y/ N) "; char a;
got oxy( 10, 12) ;
ci n>>a;
i f ( a==y| | a==Y) {
cl r scr ( ) ;
got o X;
}
el se {
got oxy( 10, 12) ;
cout < <" PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTI NUE" ; get ch( ) ;
}
}
f n. cl ose( ) ;
}
voi d t i cket s: : r eser vat i on( )
{
cl r scr ( ) ;
got oxy( 10, 10) ; cout <<"RESERVATI ON " ; got oxy( 10, 12) ;
cout <<"ENTER THE TRAI N NO: " ;
i nt t no, f =0; ci n>>t no; of st r eamf i l e;
i f st r eamf i n( "Tr ai n1. dat " , i os: : out ) ; f i n. seekg( 0) ;
i f ( ! f i n)
{
cl r scr ( ) ;
got oxy( 10, 10) ; cout < <" ERROR I N THE FI LE " ;
cl r scr ( ) ;
whi l e( ! f i n. eof ( ) )
{
f i n. r ead( ( char *) &t r , si zeof ( t r ) ) ; i nt z;
z=t r . r et ur nt r ( ) ; i f ( t no==z)
{
f =1;
nof af =t r . r et ur naf ( ) ;
nof as=t r . r et ur nas( ) ;
nof f s=t r . r et ur nf s( ) ;
nof ac=t r . r et ur nac( ) ;
nof ss=t r . r et ur nss( ) ;
}
}
i f ( f ==1)
{
f i l e. open( "Ti cket 1. dat " , i os: : app) ;
S:
cl r scr ( ) ;
got oxy( 10, 10) ; cout <<"NAME: " ;
get s( name) ;
got oxy( 10, 12) ; cout <<"AGE: " ;
ci n>>age; cl r scr ( ) ;
got oxy( 10, 10) ;
cout < <" SELECT THE CLASS WHI CH YOU WI SH TO
TRAVEL"; got oxy( 10, 12) ;
cout <<"1. A/ C FI RST CLASS " ; got oxy( 10, 14) ;
cout <<"2. A/ C SECOND CLASS " ;
got oxy( 10, 16) ;
cout <<"3. FI RST CLASS SLEEPER " ;
got oxy( 10, 18) ; cout <<"4. A/ C CHAI R CAR " ;
got oxy( 10, 20) ;
cout <<"5. SECOND CLASS SLEEPER " ;
got oxy( 10, 22) ;
cout <<"ENTER YOUR CHOI CE " ; got oxy( 30, 22) ;
i nt c; ci n>>c; swi t ch( c) {
case 1:
t oaf ++;
r esno=r and( ) ; i f ( ( nof af - t oaf ) >0)
{
st r cpy( st at us, " conf i r med" ) ;
got oxy( 10, 24) ;
cout < <" STATUS" ;
got oxy( 30, 24) ;
put s( st at us) ;
got oxy( 10, 26) ; cout <<"RESERVATI ON NO" ;
got oxy( 30, 26) ; cout <<r esno;
get ch( ) ;
f i l e. wr i t e( ( char *) &t i ck, si zeof ( t i ck) ) ; br eak;
st r cpy( st at us, " pendi ng" ) ;
got oxy( 10, 24) ;
cout <<"STATUS";
got oxy( 30, 24) ; put s( st at us) ;
get ch( ) ;
}
case 2:
t oas++;
r esno=r and( ) ;
i f ( ( nof as- t oas) >0)
{
got oxy( 10, 24) ;
cout < <" STATUS" ;
got oxy( 30, 24) ;
put s( st at us) ;
get ch( ) ;
got oxy( 10, 24) ; cout <<"STATUS";
got oxy( 30, 24) ;
put s( st at us) ;
got oxy( 10, 26) ;
cout <<"RESERVATI ON NO";
got oxy( 30, 26) ;
cout <<r esno;
get ch( ) ;
}
case 3:
t of s++; r esno=r and( ) ;
i f ( ( nof f s- t of s) >0)
{
got oxy( 10, 24) ;
cout < <" STATUS" ;
got oxy( 30, 24) ;
put s( st at us) ;
get ch( ) ;
}
el se
{
got oxy( 10, 24) ;
cout <<"STATUS";
got oxy( 30, 24) ;
put s( st at us) ;
got oxy( 10, 26) ;
got oxy( 30, 26) ;
cout <<r esno;
get ch( ) ;
}
case 4:
t oac++;
r esno=r and( ) ;
i f ( ( nof ac- t oac) >0)
{
got oxy( 10, 24) ;
cout < <" STATUS" ;
got oxy( 30, 24) ;
put s( st at us) ;
got oxy( 10, 26) ;
got oxy( 30, 26) ;
cout <<r esno;
get ch( ) ;
}
el se
{
got oxy( 10, 24) ;
cout <<"STATUS";
got oxy( 30, 24) ;
put s( st at us) ;
got oxy( 10, 26) ; cout <<"RESERVATI ON NO" ; got oxy( 30, 26) ;
cout <<r esno;
get ch( ) ;
}
case 5:
t oss++; r esno=r and( ) ; i f ( ( nof ss- t oss) >0) {
got oxy( 10, 24) ;
cout < <" STATUS" ;
got oxy( 30, 24) ;
put s( st at us) ;
get ch( ) ;
}
el se
{
got oxy( 10, 24) ;
cout <<"STATUS";
got oxy( 30, 24) ;
put s( st at us) ;
got oxy( 10, 26) ;
got oxy( 30, 26) ;
cout <<r esno;
get ch( ) ;
}
}
got oxy( 10, 28) ;
cout <<"DO YOU WI SH TO CONTI NUE BOOKI NG TI CKETS ( Y/ N) ? " ; got oxy( 57, 30) ; char n;
ci n>>n;
i f ( n==' y' | | n==' Y' ) {
got o S;
}
}
}
i f ( f ==0)
{
cl r scr ( ) ;
got oxy( 10, 10) ;
cout < <" ERROR I N THE TRAI N NUMBER ENTERED ! ! ! " ; get ch( ) ;
}
f i l e. cl ose( ) ;
}
voi d t i cket s: : cancel l at i on( )
{
cl r scr ( ) ; i f st r eamf i n;
f i n. open( "Ti cket 1. dat ", i os: : out ) ;
of st r eamf i l e;
f i l e. open( "Temp1. dat ", i os: : app) ;
f i n. seekg( 0) ;
got oxy( 10, 10) ;
cout <<"ENTER THE RESERVATI ON NO ";
i nt r , f =0;
ci n>>r ;
i f ( ! f i n)
cout < <" ERROR I N THE FI LE ! ! ! " ;
}
whi l e( ! f i n. eof ( ) )
{
f i n. r ead( ( char *) &t i ck, si zeof ( t i ck) ) ; i nt z;
z=r et ( ) ; i f ( z! =r )
{
f i l e. wr i t e( ( char *) &t i ck, si zeof ( t i ck) ) ;
}
i f ( z==r ) {
f =1;
}
}
f i l e. cl ose( ) ; f i n. cl ose( ) ;
r emove( " Ti cket 1. dat " ) ; r ename( "Temp1. dat " , "Ti cket 1. dat ") ;
i f ( f ==0) {
got oxy( 10, 12) ;
cout <<"NO SUCH RESERVATI ON I S MADE ! ! ! PLEASE
RETRY " ;
get ch( ) ;
}
el se
{
got oxy( 10, 12) ;
cout <<"RESERVATI ON CANCELLED"; get ch( ) ;
}
}
voi d mai n( ) {
i nt ch, r =1000, j ;
cl r scr ( ) ;
got oxy( 33, 22) ;
cout <<"WELCOME" ;
Z:
cl r scr ( ) ; got oxy( 25, 8) ;
cout <<"RAI LWAY TI CKET RESERVATI ON" ; got oxy( 25, 9) ;
cout <<"==========================" ;
got oxy( 20, 15) ; cout <<" 1. TRAI N DETAI LS";
got oxy( 20, 17) ;
cout <<"2. UPDATE TRAI N DETAI LS " ;
got oxy( 20, 19) ;
cout <<"3. RESERVI NG A TI CKET ";
got oxy( 20, 21) ;
cout <<"4. CANCELLI NG A TI CKET";
got oxy( 20, 23) ;
cout <<"5. DI SPLAY THE PRESENT TI CKET STATUS ";
got oxy( 20, 25) ;
cout <<"6. EXI T";
got oxy( 20, 27) ;
cout <<"ENTER YOUR CHOI CE: " ;
ci n>>ch; char n;
swi t ch( ch) {
case 1: {
i f st r eamf i n( "Tr ai n1. dat " , i os: : out ) ;
f i n. seekg( 0) ;
cl r scr ( ) ;
i f ( ! f i n)
{
cl r scr ( ) ;
got oxy( 10, 10) ;
cout < <" ERROR I N THE FI LE ! ! ! " ;
}
el se {
cl r scr ( ) ;
whi l e( ! f i n. eof ( ) ) {
f i n. r ead( ( char *) &t r , si zeof ( t r ) ) ; t r . di spl ay( ) ;
}
}
f i n. cl ose( ) ; got o Z;
}
case 2:
cl r scr ( ) ;
got oxy( 20, 10) ;
cout <<"ENTER THE PASSWORD " ;
ci n>>j ;
got oxy( 20, 30) ;
cout < <" CHECKI NG PLEASE WAI T
get ch( ) ;
}
" ;
{
Y:
of st r eamf out ( " Tr ai n1. dat " , i os: : app) ; t r . i nput ( ) ;
f out . wr i t e( ( char *) &t r , si zeof ( t r ) ) ;
f out . cl ose( ) ;
got oxy( 10, 30) ;
cout <<"DO YOU WI SH TO CONTI NUE UPDATI NG ?( Y/ N) " ;
ci n>>n;
i f ( n==y| | n==Y)
got o Y; got o Z;
}
el se
got o Z;
case 3:
t i ck. r eser vat i on( ) ; got o Z;
case 4:
t i ck. cancel l at i on( ) ; got o Z;
case 5:
t i ck. di spl ay( ) ; got o Z;
case 6:
exi t ( 0) ;
}
get ch( ) ;
</ st dl i b>
</ pr ocess>
</ f st r eam>
</ st di o>
</ dos>
</ st r i ng>
</ coni o>
</ i ost r eam>

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