SORIANO MATA vs HON. JOSEPHINE K.

BAYONA FACTS: The contention is that the search warrant issued by respondent Judge was based merely on application for Search Warrant and a joint affidavit of private respondents which were wrongfully allegedly subscribed, and sworn to before the Clerk of Court. urthermore, there was allegedly a failure on the part of the respondent Judge to attach the necessary papers pertinently under !" #$%, as amended by !"$&%', the information against him alleging that Soriano (ata offered, took, and arrangedvbets on the Jai )lai game by *selling illegal tickets knows as (asiao tickets without any authority from the !hilippine Jai )lai and Corporation or from the government authorities concerned. ISSUE: Whether or not Search Warrant is valid+ HELD: ,o. The Search Warrant is declared as illegal. RATIONALE: "eposition, sometimes used in a broad sense to describe any written statement verified by oath- but in its more technical and appropriate sense the meaning of the word is limited to written testimony of a witness given in the course of a judicial proceeding in advance of the trial or hearing upon oral e.amination. (ere affidavits of the complainant and his witnesses are thus not sufficient. The e.amining Judge has to take depositions in writing of the complainant and the witnesses he may produce and to attach them to the record. Such written deposition is necessary in order that the Judge may be able to property determine the e.istence or non/e.istence of the probable cause, to hold liable for perjury the person giving if it will be found later his declarations are false.

G.R. No. L-68955 September 4, 1986 PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, plaintiff-appellee, vs. RUBEN BURGOS TITO, defendant-appellant. Facts: Defendant is charged with illegal possession of firearm in furtherance of subversion (tasks such as recruiting members to the NP and collection of contributions from its members! and found guilt" b" the #$% of Digos, Davao del &ur. From the information filed b" the police authorities upon the information given b" 'asamlok, allegedl" a man defendant tried to recruit into the NP , the police authorities arrest defendant and had his house searched. &ubse(uentl", certain NP -related documents and a firearm, allegedl" issued and used b" one lias %mdr. Pol of the NP , are confiscated. Defendant denies being involved in an" subversive activities and claims that he has been tortured in order to accept ownership of sub)ect firearm and that his alleged e*tra)udicial statements have been made onl" under fear, threat and intimidation on his person and his famil". +e avers that his arrest is unlawful as it is done without valid warrant, that the trial court erred in holding the search warrant in his house for the firearm lawful, and that the trial court erred in holding him guilt" be"ond reasonable doubt for violation of PD , in relation to -.s /and 0. 1ssue: 1f defendant2s arrest, the search of his home, and the subse(uent confiscation of a firearm and several NP -related documents are lawful. +eld: #ecords disclose that when the police went to defendant2s house to arrest him upon the information given b" 'asamlok, the" had neither search nor arrest warrant with them3in wanton violation of rt14, &ec 5 (now rt 111, sec 6!. s the %ourt held in 4illanueva vs 7uerubin, t!e "t#te, !o$e%er po$er&'(, )oe"*+t !#%e #,,e"" to # m#*+" !ome, !-" !#%e* o& re&'.e $!ere !-" -*)-%-)'#(-t ,#* #""ert -t"e(& -* !-" ,!o-,e o& $e(,ome #*) -* t!e /-*) o& ob0e,t" !e $#*t" #ro'*) !-m. 1n the traditional formulation, a man2s house, however humble, is his castle, and thus is outlawed an" unwarranted intrusion b" the government. $he trial court )ustified the warrantless arrest under #ule 885 &ec / of the #o%: a! 9hen the person to be arrested has committed, is actuall" committing, or is about to commit an offense in his presence: b! 9hen an offense has in fact been committed, and he has reasonable ground to believe that the person to be arrested has committed it: c! 9hen the person to be arrested is a prisoner who has escaped from a penal establishment or place where he is serving final )udgment or temporaril" confined while his case is pending or has escaped while being transferred from one confinement to another and the confiscation of the firearm under #ule 86/, &ec 86:

person charged with an offense ma" be searched for dangerous weapons or an"thing which ma" be used as proof of the commission of the offense. +owever, t!e tr-#( ,o'rt !#" erre) -* -t" ,o*,('"-o* that said warrantless arrest is under the ambit of aforementioned #o%. t the time of defendant2s arrest, he wasn2t in actual possession of an" firearm or subversive document, and was not committing an" ;subversive< act3he was plowing his field. It -" *ot e*o'.! t!#t t!ere -" re#"o*#b(e .ro'*) to be(-e%e t!#t t!e per"o* to be #rre"te) !#" ,omm-tte) # ,r-me -* # $#rr#*t(e"" #rre"t. 1* e""e*t-#( pre,o*)-t-o* -" t!#t # ,r-me m'"t !#%e bee*-* &#,t or #,t'#(( !#%e bee* ,omm-tte) &-r"t2 -t -"*+t e*o'.! to "'"pe,t # ,r-me m# !#%e bee* ,omm-tte). $he test of reasonable ground applies onl" to the identit" of the perpetrator. $he %ourt also finds no compelling reason for the haste with which the arresting officers sought to arrest the accused. 9e fail to see wh" the" failed to first go through the process of obtaining a warrant of arrest, if indeed the" had reasonable ground to believe that the accused had trul" committed a crime. $here is no showing that there was a real apprehension that the accused was on the verge of flight or escape. =ikewise, there is no showing that the whereabouts of the accused were unknown. 1n proving the ownership of the (uestioned firearm and alleged subversive documents, assuming the" were reall" illegal, the defendant was never informed of his constitutional rights at the time of his arrest: thus the admissions obtained are in violation of the constitutional right against self-incrimination under &ec 6> rt 14 (now &ec 86, rt 111! and thus inadmissible as evidence. Furthermore, the defendant was not accorded his constitutional right to be assisted b" counsel during the custodial interrogation. +is e*tra-)udicial confession, the firearm, and the alleged subversive documents are all inadmissible as evidence. 1n light of the aforementioned, defendant is ac(uitted on grounds of reasonable doubt of the crime with which he has been charged. &ub)ect firearm and alleged subversive documents have been disposed of in accordance with law. $he %ourt also maintains that violations of human rights do not help in overcoming a rebellion. #eiterating Morales vs Enrile, ;$!-(e t!e .o%er*me*t "!o'() ,o*t-*'e to repe( t!e ,omm'*-"t", t!e "'b%er"-%e", t!e rebe(", #*) t!e (#$(e"" $-t! t!e me#*" #t -t" ,omm#*), -t "!o'() #($# " be remembere) t!#t $!#te%er #,t-o* -" t#/e* m'"t #($# " be $-t!-* t!e &r#me$or/ o& o'r 3o*"t-t't-o* #*) o'r (#$" .<

PEOPLE vs. AMINUDIN163 SCRA 402 FACTS: The pol !e "#e$%s $ Ilo lo C %& 'e!e ve( " % p )'o* " 'el "+le $)o'*e' %h"% %he "!!,se(- A* $$,( $."s o$ " vessel +o,$( )o' Ilo lo "$( s !"''& $#. %h h * *"' /,"$". The s" ( vessel ."s %o "'' ve )e. ("&s ")%e' s,!h % p.O$ %he ("& o) %he "'' v"l- %he "#e$%s %he$ ." %e( "% %he po'% )o' %hevessel. Upo$ "'' v"l o) %he vessel "$( .he$ %he s,spe!% ( se*+"'0e(- %he& * * e ( " % e l & ) ' s 0 e ( h * " $ ( s e " ' ! h e ( h s + " # . h ! h ! o $ % " $ e ( % h e *"' /,"$". S,+se1,e$%l&- %he A* $$,( $ ."s "''es%e(.D,' $# %he %' "l- %he "!!,se( %h"% "lle#e( %h"% he ."s "'+ %'"' l& "''es%e( "$( **e( "%el& h"$(!,))e( "$( %h"% h s +"# ."s !o$) s!"%e( . %ho,% " se"'!h."''"$%. ISSUE: Is %he *"' /,"$" )o,$( $ %he "!!,se( +"# "(* ss +le ev (e$!e2 3ELD: No. The pol !e "#e$%s h"( e$o,#h % *e %o se!,'e " ."''"$% %o " ' ' e s % " $ ( s e " ' ! h % h e "!!,se( +,% ( ( $o% (o so. I$ "(( % o$ %o %h s- %he"''es% ( ( $o% )"ll $%o "$& o) %he e4!ep% o$s o) " v"l ( ."''"$%less "''es% + e ! " , s e % h e " ! ! , s e ( 5 " p p e l l " $ % . " s $ o % - " % % h e * o * e $ % o ) h s " ' ' e s % - !o** %% $# " !' *e $o' ."s % sho.$ %h"% he ."s "+o,% %o (o so o' %h"% heh"( /,s% (o$e so

LIM v PONCE DE LEONA,#,s% 26- 1678 FACTS: 9 : 0 l T"h" sol( %o Al+e'%o T *+"$#!"&" " *o%o' l",$!h. A &e"' l"%e'- Al+e'%o ) le( " !o*pl" $% . %h %heo)) !e o) %he P'ov $! "l F s!"l o) P"l"."$ "lle# $# %h"% ")%e' %he s"le : 0 l )o'! +l& %oo0 "."& %he *o%o' l",$!h )'o* h *. 9 A)%e' !o$(,!% $# " p'el * $"'& $ves% #"% o$- F s!"l F'"$! s!o De Leo$ ) le( . %h %he CFI "$ $)o'*"% o$)o' Ro++e'& . %h Fo'!e "$( I$% * ("% o$ ,po$ Pe'so$s "#" $s% : 0 l. 9 ;he$ F s!"l De Leo$ le"'$e( %h"% %he *o%o' l",$!h ."s $ %he %o.$ o) <"l"+"!- he .'o%e %he P'ov $! "lCo**"$(e' %o *po,$( "$( %"0e !,s%o(& o) %he *o%o' l",$!h. 9 3e 'e %e'"%e( h s 'e1,es% %he 2 $( % *e. I% ."s o$l& %he$ %h"% %he P'ov $! "l Co**"$(e' ss,e( "$ o'(e' %o se =e "$( *po,$( %he *o%o' l",$!h. O'l"$(o M"((el" ."s %he o$e .ho !"'' e( o,% %he o'(e' "$("!!o'( $#l& se =e( %he *o%o' l",$!h )'o* Del) $ L *. 9 Del) $ L *- %o#e%he' . %h : 0 l T"h"- e4e'%e( e))o'%s %o 'e!ove' %he se =e( *o%o' l",$!h- +,% %he& .e'e $v" $. The& %he$ ) le( " !o*pl" $% )o' ("*"#es "#" $s% F s!"l De Leo$ "$( De%"!h*e$% C**('.M"((el"- "lle# $# %h"% %he se =,'e o) %he *o%o' l",$!h ."s . %ho,% " se"'!h ."''"$% "$( ."s "#" $s%L *>s . ll.Fo' %he "lle#e( v ol"% o$ o) %he ' !o$s% %,% o$"l ' #h%s- L * "$( : 0 l p'"&e( )o' "!%,"l*o'"l "$(e4e*pl"'& ("*"#es. 9 TC ,phel( %he v"l ( %& o) %he se =,'e o$ %he #'o,$( %h"% %he ",%ho' %& %o *po,$( %he !o'p,s (el !% $!"se pe$( $# %he $ves% #"% o$ s . %h %he P'ov!l F s!"l .ho !o$%'ols %he p'ose!,% o$ "$( $%'o(,!esev (e$!e %o %he !o,'%. ISSUE ;ON %he'e ."s " v ol"% o$ o) " !o$s% %,% o$"l ' #h%2 I) so- sho,l( De Leo$ "$( M"((el" +e +o%hhel( l "+le )o' (*#s2 3ELD:?es. O$l& De Leo$. No p,+l ! o)) ! "l h"s %he ' #h% %o e$%e' %he p'e* ses o) "$o%he' . %ho,% %he p'ope' se"'!h ."''"$% o' . %ho,% %he o.$e'>s !o$se$% )o' %he p,'pose o) se"'!h "$( se =,'e. 9 Also- "% %he % *e %he "!% !o*pl" $e( o) ."s !o** %%e(- %he'e ."s $o l". o' ',le %h"% 'e!o#$ =e( %he",%ho' %& o) P'ov $! "l F s!"ls %o ss,e " se"'!h ."''"$%. The 1638 !o$s% %,% o$ ves%e( %he po.e' %o ss,e " se"'!h ."''"$% $ " /,(#e "$( $ $o o%he' o)) !e'. 9 De Leo$ !"$$o% $vo0e p'ov s o$s o) RA 732 +e!",se %he'e s $o%h $# $ s" ( l". .h !h !o$)e's ,po$%he p'ov $! "l ) s!"ls %he ",%ho' %& %o ss,e ."''"$%s- *,!h less %o o'(e' . %ho,% ."''"$% %he se =,'e o) "pe'so$"l p'ope'%& eve$ ) % s %he !o'p,s (el !% o) " !' *e.;h"% RA 732 ( ( ."s %o +'o"(e$ %he po.e' o) p'ov $! "l ) s!"ls %o !o$(,!% p'el * $"'& $ves% #"% o$. 9 I$ "(( % o$- R,le 122 o) RoC s%"%es %h"% $ %he se =,'e o) " s%ole$ p'ope'%& ."''"$% s s% ll $e!ess"'&"$(s,!h ."''"$% *"& +e ss,e( +& %he /,(#e "lo$e ")%e' (e%e'* $"% o$ o) p'o+"+le !",se. 9

US v Delos Re&es: No "*o,$% o) $!' * $"% $# ev (e$!e- .h"%eve' %s so,'!e- . ll s,ppl& %he pl"!e o) s,!h ."''"$%. 9 A'#,*e$% %h"% %he'e s l"!0 o) % *e %o p'o!,'e " se"'!h ."''"$% s ,$%e$"+le. The'e s "lso $o +"s s )o' "pp'ehe$s o$ %h"% %he *. l",$!h . ll +e *ove( o,% o) <"l"+"! +e!",se % h"( $o e$# $e. 9 P,'s,"$% %o %he p'ov s o$s o) A'% 32 "$( 2216- " pe'so$ .hose !o$s% %,% o$"l ' #h%s h"ve +ee$v ol"%e( s e$% %le( %o "!%,"l- *o'"l ("*"#es "$( e4e*pl"'& ("*"#es )'o* %he p,+l ! o)) !e' o' e*plo&ee 'espo$s +le %he'e)o'. 9 <,% o$l& Del) $ L * sho,l( +e "."'(e(. : 0 l s $o% e$% %le( %o 'e!ove' "$& ("*"#es.Le#"l %& o) se =,'e !"$ +e !o$%es%e( o$l& +& %he p"'%& .hose ' #h%s h"ve +ee$ *p" 'e( %he'e+&- "$(%h"% %he o+/e!% o$ %o "$ ,$l".),l se"'!h "$( se =,'e s p,'el& pe'so$"l "$( !"$$o% +e "v" le( o) +& 3'( p"'% es. I% s *p%. %o $o%e %h"% %o +e hel( l "+le ,$(e' A'% 32 % s e$o,#h %h"% %he'e ."s " v ol"% o$ o) %he!o$s% %,% o$"l ' #h%s o) %he pl" $% ))s- "$( s $o% 'e1, e( %h"% (e)e$("$%s sho,l( h"ve "!%e( $ +"( )" %h. O$l& F s!"l De Leo$ *"& +e hel( l "+le "$( $o% M"((el" +e!",se he *po,$(e( %he *o%o' l",$!h,po$ %he o'(e' o) h s s,pe' o' o)) !e'.;h le " s,+o'( $"%e o)) !e' *"& +e hel( l "+le )o' e4e!,% $# ,$l".),l o'(e's o) h s s,pe' o' o)) !e'- %he'e"'e !e'%" $ ! '!,*s%"$!es .h !h .o,l( ."''"$% M"((el">s e4!,lp"% o$ )'o* l "+ l %&:1.3e ."s 'el,!%"$% %o *po,$ %he *.l",$!h (esp %e 'epe"%e( o'(e's.2.F"!e( . %h " poss +le ( s! pl $"'& "!% o$ )'o* h s !o**"$(e'- M"((el" ."s le)% . %h $o "l%e'$"% ve+,% %o se =e %he vessel.

Stonehill v. Diokno 20 SCRA 2@3 A1667B Concepcion, CJ F"!%s: 1. Respo$(e$% Apo'se!,% o$B *"(e poss +le %he ss,"$!e o) 42 se"'!h ."''"$%s "#" $s% %he pe% % o$e' "$( %he !o'po'"% o$ %o se"'!h pe'so$s "$( p'e* ses o) seve'"l pe'so$"l p'ope'% es (,e %o "$ "lle#e( v ol"% o$ o) Ce$%'"l <"$0 L".s- T"' )) "$( C,s%o* L".s- I$%e'$"l Reve$,e Co(e "$( %he Rev se( Pe$"l Co(e o) %he Ph l pp $es. As " 'es,l%s- se"'!h "$( se =,'es .e'e !o$(,!%e( $ %he +o%h %he 'es (e$!e o) %he pe% % o$e' "$( $ %he !o'po'"% o$Cs p'e* ses. 2.The pe% % o$e' !o$%e$(e( %h"% %he se"'!h ."''"$%s "'e $,ll "$( vo ( "s %he ' ss,"$!e v ol"%e( %he Co$s% %,% o$ "$( %he R,les o) Co,'% )o' +e $# #e$e'"l ."''"$%s. Th,s-he ) le( " pe% % o$ . %h %he S,p'e*e Co,'% )o' certiorari- p'oh + % o$- *"$("*,s "$( $/,$!% o$ %o p'eve$% %he se =e( e))e!%s )'o* +e $# $%'o(,!e( "s ev (e$!e $ %he (epo'%"% o$ !"ses "#" $s% %he pe% % o$e'. The !o,'% ss,e( %he .' % o$l& )o' %hose e))e!%s )o,$( $ %he pe% % o$e'Cs 'es (e$!e. Issue: Whether or not the petitioner can validly assail the legality of the search and seizure in both premises RULIND: No- he !"$ o$l& "ss" l %he se"'!h !o$(,!%e( $ %he 'es (e$!es +,% $o% %hose (o$e $ %he !o'po'"% o$Cs p'e* ses. The pe% % o$e' h"s $o !",se o) "!% o$ $ %he se!o$( s %,"% o$ s $!e " !o'po'"% o$ h"s " pe'so$"l %& sep"'"%e "$( ( s% $!% )'o* %he pe'so$"l %& o) %s o)) !e's o' he'e $ pe% % o$e' 'e#"'(less o) %he "*o,$% o) sh"'es o) s%o!0 o' $%e'es% o) e"!h $ %he s" ( !o'po'"% o$- "$( .h"%eve' o)) !e %he& hol( %he'e $. O$l& %he p"'%& .hose ' #h%s h"s +ee$ *p" 'e( !"$ v"l (l& o+/e!% %he le#"l %& o) " se =,'e55 " p,'el& pe'so$"l ' #h% .h !h !"$$o% +e e4e'! se( +& " %h '( p"'%&. The ' #h% %o o+/e!% +elo$#s %o %he !o'po'"% o$ A )o' %he 1s% #'o,p o) (o!,*e$%s- p"pe's- "$( %h $#s se =e( )'o* %he o)) !es "$( %he p'e* sesB