Asian History

SEAT OF EARLY CIVILIZATIONS IN ASIA

CIVILIZATION WHERE IN MESOPOTAMIA? NOTES CONTRIBUTIONS

MU2HAL EMPIRE MU2HAL EMPIRE Foreign 'ohammedans 2eng"is 4"an Warli%e Real name6 Temu5in 1enghis 2han6 *a(( $&n6uering emperor+

Sumerians

Sumer Tigris Eu!"ra#es River Valley %%ad

First $i#% s#a#es Ur oldest city-state T"e&$ra$% was the form of govt Polytheistic religion Ziggura# ' place of worship

P(&) and )"ee( Written laws Cuneiform stronomy !" month# $ day $a(en*ar Se+agesima( system Firs# ,n&)n em!ire in history

A,,a*ians

Sarg&n II &eader 'ade war among the citystates of Sumer Hammura-i &eader

Ba-%(&nians

(a)ylon

Written $&*e &. (a)s * n eye for an eye# a tooth for a tooth+ 'ore humane legal system Capital punishment was reserved for ma,or crimes

Hi##i#es

Ass%rians

ssur

Fier$e/ $rue(/ aggressi0e/ )ar(i,e As"ur-ani!a( &eader -ineveh Capital. sym)ol of pride / cruelty Ne-u$"a*ne11ar 1reatest ruler 'ade (a)ylon a city of wonder 2nown as the S#arga1ers &. Ba-%(&n 3odiac C%rus #"e 2rea# Bui(*er of first great empire 4uman rights 3arius I Lea*er of mightiest empire A*minis#ra#i0e e..i$ien$% Sa#ra!% 3i0isi&n into provinces First grea# world empire First su!er!&)er Larges# empire in human history T&(eran$e an* res!e$# for other religions Fell into hands of A(e+an*er #"e 2rea# 2rea#es# #ra*ers of anti5uity

First to wor% out e..e$#i0e s%s#em &. !&(i#i$a( a*minis#ra#i&n (iggest (i-rar% In.ras#ru$#ures

-group of 2eng"is 4"an -war-li%e Temu5in 71enghis 2han8 -all-con5uering emperor Meri#&$ra$% 7earn position8 Yassa- laws 3e$ima( s%s#em 7army in !9s8 -longest indigenous empire -religious freedom -centrali:ed govt -defeated ;elhi Sultanate -<slam flourished -start of 'ogul empire
IMPORTANT RULERS 78 Ba-ur =he Tiger F&un*er of 'ughal >mpire Religious intolerance A,-ar the 1reat 2rea#es# ruler of the 'ughal empire Rule was FAIR Welded empire into single nation ll religions were tolerated Rules were humani:ed =a@es were reduced 98

M&ng&(ia< Ou#er M&ng&(ia -<nner 'ongoliaB China -least populous -!CDB1o)i ;esert -!CDBForestsE'ountains -!CDB1rasslands -Friendly# hospita)le# mild -democratic -=i)etan (uddhism -industry and manufacturing

C"a(*eans

(a)ylon0

Hanging 2ar*ens of (a)ylon

S"a" :a"an (uilder of Ta5 Ma"a( Religious intolerance Aurang1e Las# 'ughal ruler Son of Shah Aahan 4eavy ta@es fter his death# 'ughal empire collapsed

;8

"?
C&inage R&%a( R&a* Z&r&as#rianism Pur*a" Aramai$ system of writing

Persians

Persia

P"&eni$ians Phoenicia

A33ITIONAL6 Su##ee 4indu practice that ma%es a wife die honora)ly with her hus)ands )ody in the flames of a funeral pyre Pur*a" seclusion of women
A(!"a-e#

La&s

*&and of a 'illion >lephants+

Lang >ang

EARLY 4IN23OMS OF SOUTHEAST ASIA

COUNTRY Brunei NOTES *Foungest -ation+ *Richest -ation+ *&and of the Free+ FIRST EMPIRE=S P&(iCPuni LEA3ERS=FOUN3ERS=PEOPLE Su(#an B&(,ia" Current Sultan DGth Sultan of (runei C"a,ri 3%nas#% Rama I Chao Phya Cha%ri Founder Rama IV 'ong%ut Rama V Chulalong%orn Rama <V / V responsi)le for Westerni:ation Rama I> (humi)ol dulyade, Current 2ing Su,"&#"ai P"ra Ruang FHI-;>R Rama 4"an 4en 1R> =>S= RI&>R Rama Ti-&*i FHI-;>R Lee 4)an Ye) F =4>R HF <-;>P>-;>-C> 4ighly authoritative Parames)ara FHI-;>R Sir S#am.&r* Ra..(es ;>V>&HP>; 'alacca Tun,u A-*u( Ra"man F =4>R HF <-;>P>-;>-C> Sai(an*ra %ings Ra*en Vi5a%a FHI-;>R 4ayam Wuru% 1reat Sultan Ana)ra#a FHI-;>R Aung San F =4>R HF <-;>P>-;>-C> Treu 3a FHI-;>R H& C"i Min" F =4>R HF <-;>P>-;>-C> 4aun*a%a FHI-;>R

Fa Ng&un FHI-;>R 4ing Sisa0&ng0&ng F =4>R HF <-;>P>-;>-C>

T"ai(an*

;;<=<H- & S=IFF6 French <ndochina is comprised of & HS# V<>=- '# C '(H;< ? Reasons for esta)lishment of the different %ingdoms6 !? =rading "? <ntermarriage D? 'igration

A%u#"ia Singa!&re *<sland City Repu)lic+ Tamasi,

Ma(a%sia

*'elting Pot of Races and Culture+

Ma(a$$a

CAUSES OF E>PLORATION

In*&nesia

*&argest rchipelago+

Sri Vi5a%a Bu**"is# Ma*5a!a"i# Hin*u

H; H&; &HRF

Propagate Christianity Search for gold 7resources# spices# etc?8 See% adventureCrecognition

'ataram M%anmar *&and of 1olden Pagodas+ Pagan=Pegu

Hther reasons6 !? Crusades "? =rade routes D? 'arco Polo J? Search for new lands K? Voyages EARLY EUROPEAN E>PLORATIONS

Vie#nam

*&and of Small ;ragons+

Nam Vie#

Cam-&*ia

*2illing Fields of sia+

Funan 2hmer

MARCO POLO Venetian merchant Received at 2u)lai 2hans court Returned to Venice with porcelain# etc? =old s#&ries to Rusticiano 7prisoner8 who wrote )oo% that ins!ire* Eur&!eans #& g& eas# CRUSA3ES 'ilitary e@pedition to regain :erusa(em .r&m #"e M&s(ems PRINCE HENRY THE NAVI2ATOR Spearheaded going east Laun$"e* #"e Age &. E+!(&ra#i&n Ised $&m!ass and as#r&(a-e

BARTHOLOMEW 3IAZ Reached Cape of Storm# later renamed Ca!e &. 2&&* H&!e VASCO 3E 2AMA >sta)lishment of route led to *e$(ine &. eas#ern Me*i#erranean #ra*e r&u#es FER3INAN3 MA2ELLAN Portuguese )ut sailed in the name of Spain Se)astian del Cano circumnavigated the >arth