DIAGNOSTIC AND LABORATORY PROCEDURES DIAGNOSTIC OR LABORATORY PROCEDURES COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT (CBC) OR HEMATOLOGY > consists of several

tests that allow for the evaluation of different cellular components of the blood on a broad range of clients. The items commonly evaluated include hgb, hct, RBC, RBC indices, WBC, WBC differential, platelets and microscopic examination of D.O: 01-05-14 D.R: 01-05-14 117 -Patients Hgb is decrease D.O: 01-04-14 D.R: 01-05-14 HGB >>this is check to suggest the presence of body fluid deficit due to elevated Hgb level. 124 120-160gm/L -Patients Hgb is in the normal range which means that there is no presence of anemia and there is adequate oxygenation. D.O: 01-05-14 D.R: 01-05-14 0.35 -Patients Hct is decrease D.O: 01-04-14 D.R: 01-04-14 DATE OREDERED DATE RESULTS IN HCT >>This is test to measures the concentration of RBC within the blood volume and is expressed as a percentage 0.38 0.37-0.47 -Patients Hct is in the normal range which means that the percentage of RBC in blood is within the normal range indicating absence conditions which contributes to hemoconcentration and hemodilution of blood. INDICATIONS OR PURPOSES RESULTS NORMAL VALUES ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

stained blood smears. D.O: 01-04-14 D.R: 01-05-14 WBC DIFFERENTIAL COUNT > determines the percentage of each kinds of white blood cells in the white blood cell count D.O:01-04-14 D.R: 01-05-14 PLATELET >>It measures the number of platelets per cubic millimeter of blood to check clotting D.O: 01-05-14 D.R: 01-05-14 ability of the blood especially in the case of the patient which is DM 236 -Patients platelet is normal 262 150-350 x 10^9/L -The result is within normal range. This indicates that the Patients blood has the ability to clot normally. D.O: 01-05-14 D.R: 01-05-14 7.1 -The result is still normal; this indicates that there is no presence of infection or inflammation. WBC COUNT >>use to detect infection or inflammation. 7.3 5-10 x 10^9/L -The result is within the normal limit. It indicates that the WBC is able to fight the microorganisms inside the body.

>>Platelets have a key role in blood clotting. The count is available in assessing the thrombocytopenia which can result in spontaneous bleeding, as well thrombocytosis.

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES FOR COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT/ HEMATOLOGY

BEFORE: Explain the procedure to the patients significant other. Explain to the patient that this test will help in the patients response to treatment. Tell the patients significant other that no fasting is required. Explain to the patient that the test requires blood sample and venipuncture will be performed. Inform the patient that the patient will experience discomfort from the needle puncture and pressure of the tourniquet. Inform that the patient will be experiencing mild pain on site where the needle was pricked. Assure that collecting the blood sample take less than 3 minutes.

DURING: Maintain sterile technique. Collect 5-7 ml of venous blood in a vacum.

AFTER: Apply pressure or pressure dressing to the venipuncture site. Check the venipuncture site for bleeding. Fill-up the laboratory form properly and send it to the laboratory technician during the collection of the sample of the specimen.

DIAGNOSTIC OR LABORATORY PROCEDURES BLOOD CHEMISTRY > is a diagnostic procedure used to detect serum electrolyte, and creatinine level which are good indicators of kidney function in once the indication is increased in creatinine level.

DATE OREDERED DATE RESULTS IN DO: 01-05-14 DR: 01-05-14 CREATININE >> This was done to the patient to evaluate renal dysfunctions that is associated with DM. 1.0 mg/dl 0.7-1.2mg/dl -The result is within normal range, this indicates that the patient does not have any renal dysfunction, and her kidneys are functioning well. INDICATIONS OR PURPOSES RESULTS NORMAL VALUES ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

D.O: 01-06-14 D.R: 01-06-14

BUN >>this test is done to measure the amount of urea nitrogen in the blood. It also is used as a test of renal function. 4.2mg/dl

2.5-6.2mg/dl

-the result is normal, this means that the patient has normal kidney function.

DO: 01-04-14 DR: 01-04-14

Serum Na. >>This was done to the patient to evaluate fluid-electrolyte and acid-base balance and related neuromuscular, renal and adrenal functions.

138

135-145 mEq/L The result is within normal range, this indicates that the patient has normal fluid electrolyte and acid base balance as evidence by normal levels of Na and K.

SERUM K+ >>Measure serum level of Potassium, the major intracellular osmotic equilibrium and regular muscle activity, enzyme activity, and acid base balance. It also influence renal function

DO:01-04-14 DR:01-04-14

>>This was done to the patient monitor renal function, acidbase balance and glucose metabolism

4.29

3.5-5.2

The result is within normal range. Indicates that there is normal renal function, acid base balance and glucose metabolism in the body.

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

SERUM CREATININE Tell the patient that this test is used to evaluate kidney function. Inform patient that he need not restrict food and fluids Tell the patient that the test requires a blood sample. Explain who will perform the venipuncture and when. Explain to the patient that he may experience discomfort from the tourniquet and prick.

SERUM SODUIM Tell the patient that this test is used to determine the Na content of the blood. Inform patient that he need not restrict food and fluids Tell the patient that the test requires a blood sample. Explain who will perform the venipuncture and when. Explain to the patient that he may experience discomfort from the tourniquet and prick.

DIAGNOSTIC OR LABORATORY

DATE OREDERED DATE INDICATIONS OR PURPOSES RESULTS NORMAL VALUES ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

PROCEDURES RESULTS IN Color: Light Yellow Urinalysis DO:01-05-14 This test is a routine Transparency: Slightly turbid Ph: 6.0 S.G: 1.010 Pus: 2-3/HPF RBC/HPF:4-6/HPF Normal Urine may vary in color from almost colorless to darkyellow. Normal urine is light yellow due to pigments content (urichrime, urobilin, porphyrin). Color changes depending on density, composition, time from collection, urine pH, Nuitrtion and medication. The urine specific gravity ranges between 1.010-1.030. The normal pH range is from 4.6-8.0. No detectable urine glucose, Urine ketones leukocytes, hemoglobin, bilirubin, and RBC and nitrites. Color, appearance, is in normal results. There is a normal permeability of the glomerular basement membrane results in no of protein in the urine.

>>Urinalysis is a DR:01-05-14 examination and this is done to test that evaluates a sample of urine. Urinalysis is used to detect and assess a wide range of disorders, including urinary tract infection, kidney disease. the patient to check if there is an abnormality within the urinary system as well as for the functioning of the kidney that is mostly affected.

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES for Urinalysis BEFORE Verify doctors order. Explain the procedure and purpose to the patient or SO and inform the patient that urine specimen is needed Inform the patient that there is no fluid or blood restriction

DURING: Provide a clean bottle/ container for collection of urine. Instruct to collect midstream of the urine. Provide privacy.

AFTER: Label the bottle container Submit the sample to the lab immediately

DIAGNOSTIC OR LABORATORY PROCEDURES Lipid Profile >> Cholesterol blood tests are done to help assess the risk of developing heart disease or stroke.Investigates hypercholesterole mia, which can lead to atherosclerosis.

DATE OREDERED DATE RESULTS IN D.O: 01-04-14 D.R: 01-04-14 CHOLESTEROL This test is done to the patient to detect cholesterol problems, to check the. 202 <200 -The result shows that the patient has increased cholesterol level but not significantly high, this means that the patient has tendency of plaque formation that can obstruct the blood flow. INDICATIONS OR PURPOSES RESULTS NORMAL VALUES ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

D.O:01-06-14 D.R: 01-06-14

155

-The result goes back to normal...

D.O: 01-06-14 D.R: 01-06-14

HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN This test is done to the patient to assess the level of good cholesterol.

37

>40mg/dl

-The results yield decrease,

D.O: 01-06-14 D.R: 01-06-14

TRIGLYCERIDES This test is done to the patient to screen for hyperlipidemia and to assess LDL. This triglyceride level increases the atherogenicity of HDL and LDL.

347

<150mg/dl

-The result is increase...

D.O: 01-06-14 D.R: 01-06-14

LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN

48.6

110-130mg/dl

-The result is decrease...

Nursing Responsibilities: Before: After: Apply pressure on the site to avoid bleeding. Document procedure done. Verify doctors order. Inform the client to have NPO post midnight and explain procedure to the client Withhold medications that may interfere with accuracy of test results. Inform the client that this test requires a blood sample. Explain who will perform the venipuncture. Inform the client that pain may be experience through prick of the needle.