838, Applied Thermodynamics {EXampLes 1 EXAMPLES f 1. A refrigerator operating on reversed Carnot cycle extracts 500 kl/min heat from a refrigerated space being maintained at -16°C and rejects heat to the atmosphere at 27°C. Determine the work input required 10 run the refrigerator. Solution: : For reffigerator working on reversed Camot cycle a Q __ 2 space (16 +273) © 7-273) oo 2517 mn w. cs Also itis given that 500 kan 5383.6 kel/min oc Work input required 2-0, = $5.66 kt/min Fig. 18.22 Work input = 83.66 ki/min ] Ans. 2. A refrigerator operating between ~5°C and 27°C has the capacity of 800 tons. Determine the mass rate of ice formation considering water being supplied at atmospheric temperature of 27°C. Also find the minimum hp required. Consider the refrigerator to work upon reversed Carnot cycle. Latent heat for ice formation from water may be taken as 335 kik Solution: Refrigeration capacity = 800 * 3.5 = 2800 kl/s = Heat extraction rate Let the ice formation rate be ‘m’ keys. Heat to be removed from per kg of water for its transformation into ice. 4.18 * (27 —0) + 335 kitkg. = 447.86 klikg Reffigeration capacity Tee formation rate = Feat removed for getting per kg of ioe 2800 = Fares 7525 kes Mass rate of ice formation = 6.25 kg/s | Ans. _ _T___ Reftigeration capacity CoP of reftgenton = a = Here T, = 273 168 K, T, = 27 +273 = 300K cop- —268_ _ 2800 ~ 300-268 W W= 334.33 KlisIntroduction to Refrigeration and Airconditioning 939 _ 333 © 07457" = 448.34 hp 0.7457 kW) HP required = 448.34 hp] Ans. 3. 3 hp per ton of refrigeration is required to maintain temperature of -27"C in refrigerator working on Carnot cycle. Determine COP of eyele and temperature of surroundings to which heat is rejected by refrigerator: Solution: 246 Tie 27 + 273K cop 7 Gow Refrigeration effect Also, COP = Work input _ bas ~ 350.7457 COP= 1.56 COP = 1.56 |Ans. Equating COP, ‘Temperature of surroundings = 403.69 K | Ans. 4. An air refrigeration eycle has pressure ratio of 8, temperature of air at beginning of compression is 30°C and air is cooled up to 27°C after compression. Compression and expansion processes have isentropic efficiency of 85% and 90% respectively. Determine she refrigeration capacity and coefficient of performance. Consider C, = 1.005 kik °K, {= 14 and air flow rate of 1 kgs Solution: Given: 30°C, T, = 27°C or 300K During process 1-2! Pr ym 1,840 Applied Thermodynamics T= 240 x (8) ‘Theoretical temperature after compression Ty = 434.75 K For compression process, Maencompe = 0.85 = 7, — 240) ~ (34:75=240) (Fy 40> O58 7,= 469.12 K Ty _{R Fecnmin mene, (| B soo {4 5 165.61 K r__300—7, Ma, exsna = 090° 7,7, ~ 300 165.61 or, 7,= 179.08 K Work during compression, W=1*C, *(T~T)) 1 1.005 (469.12 ~ 240) = 23027 Wis Work during expansion 1x6, *(T,-1) 1% 1.005 + (300 ~ 179.05) Fig. 18.24 12155 bs Refrigeration effects walized during process, 4. So reiigeration effect shal be, Ogg" 1* 6 *T,-T) 1 x 1.005 (240 — 179.05) Qu¢= 61.25 k's oF 175 ton Net work required = W,— W= 230.27 ~ 121.88 = 108.72 kis Quet We -Wy cop= Reftigeration capacity = 17.5 ton or 61.25 kils| COP= 0.56 Ans. 5. A reftigeration system has air leaving refrigerated space at 7°C and 1 bar and subsequently air is compressed isentropicaily to 5 bar. After being compressed air is cooled up to 27°C at this pressure and then expanded isentropically up to I bar and discharged into refrigerated space. Determine COP of system.