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THE MILK LETTER : A MESSAGE TO MY PATIENTS Robert M.

Kradjian, MD Breast Surgery Chief Division of General Surgery, Seton Medical Centre #302 - 1 00 Sullivan !ve" Daly City, C! #$01% &S! "MILK" Just the word itself sounds comforting! "How about a nice cup of hot milk?" The last time ou heard that !uestion it was from someone who cared for ou""and ou appreciated their effort# The entire matter of food and especiall that of milk is surrounded with emotional and cultural importance# Milk was our $er first food# If we were fortunate it was our mother%s milk# & lo$ing link' gi$en and taken# It was the onl path to sur$i$al# If not mother%s milk it was cow%s milk or so milk "formula"""rarel it was goat' camel or water buffalo milk# (ow' we are a nation of milk drinkers# (earl all of us# Infants' the oung' adolescents' adults and e$en the aged# )e drink do*ens or e$en se$eral hundred gallons a ear and add to that man pounds of "dair products" such as cheese' butter' and ogurt# +an there be an thing wrong with this? )e see reassuring images of health ' beautiful people on our tele$ision screens and hear messages that assure us that' "Milk is good for our bod #" ,ur dieticians insist that".ou%$e got to ha$e milk' or where will ou get our calcium?" /chool lunches alwa s include milk and nearl e$er hospital meal will ha$e milk added# &nd if that isn%t enough' our nutritionists told us for ears that dair products make up an "essential food group#" Industr spokesmen made sure that colourful charts proclaiming the necessit of milk and other essential nutrients were made a$ailable at no

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cost for schools# +ow%s milk became "normal#" .ou ma be surprised to learn that most of the human beings that li$e on planet aarth toda do not drink or use cow%s milk# burther' most of them can%t drink milk because it makes them ill# There are students of human nutrition who are not supporti$e of milk use for adults# Here is a !uotation from the Marchc&pril deed ftne geaderIf ou reall want to pla it safe' ou ma decide to hoin the growing number of &mericans who are eliminating dair products from their diets altogether# &lthough this sounds radical to those of us weaned on milk and the fi$e basic food groups' it is eminentl $iable# Indeed' of all the mammals' onl humans""and then onl a minorit ' principall +aucasians""continue to drink milk be ond bab hood# )ho is right? )h the confusion? )here best to get our answers? +an we trust milk industr spokesmen? +an ou trust an industr spokesmen? &re nutritionists up to date or are the simpl repeating what their professors learned ears ago? )hat about the new $oices urging caution? I belie$e that there are three reliable sources of information# The first' and probabl the best' is a stud of nature# The second is to stud the histor of our own species# binall we need to look at the world%s scientific literature on the subhect of milk# Let%s look at the scientific literature first# brom deii to deej there were o$er k'lmm articles dealing with milk recorded in the %Medicine% archi$es# bifteen hundred of theses had milk as the main focus of the article# There is no lack of scientific information on this

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subhect# I re$iewed o$er smm of the d'smm articles' discarding articles that dealt etclusi$el with animals' esoteric research and inconclusi$e studies# How would I summari*e the articles? The were onl slightl less than horrif ing# birst of all' none of the authors spoke of cow%s milk as an etcellent food' free of side effects and the %perfect food% as we ha$e been led to belie$e b the industr # The main focus of the published reports seems to be on intestinal colic' intestinal irritation' intestinal bleeding' anemia' allergic reactions in infants and children as well as infections such as salmonella# More ominous is the fear of $iral infection with bo$ine leukemia $irus or an &Iu/"like $irus as well as concern for childhood diabetes# +ontamination of milk b blood and white vpusw cells as well as a $ariet of chemicals and insecticides was also discussed# &mong children the problems were allerg ' ear and tonsillar infections' bedwetting' asthma' intestinal bleeding' colic and childhood diabetes# In adults the problems seemed centered more around heart disease and arthritis' allerg ' sinusitis' and the more serious !uestions of leukemia' l mphoma and cancer# I think that an answer can also be found in a consideration of what occurs in nature x what happens with free li$ing mammals and what happens with human groups li$ing in close to a natural state as %hunter"gatherers%# ,ur paleolithic ancestors are another crucial and interesting group to stud # Here we are limited to speculation and indirect e$idences' but the bon remains a$ailable for our stud are remarkable# There is no doubt

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whate$er that these skeletal remains reflect great strength' muscularit vthe si*e of the muscular insertions show thisw' and total absence of ad$anced osteoporosis# &nd if ou feel that these people are not important for us to stud ' consider that toda our genes are programming our bodies in almost etactl the same wa as our ancestors of sm'mmm to dmm'mmm ears ago# )H&T I/ MILK? Milk is a maternal lactating secretion' a short term nutrient for new"borns# (othing more' nothing less# In$ariabl ' the mother of an mammal will pro$ide her milk for a short period of time immediatel after birth# )hen the time comes for %weaning%' the oung offspring is introduced to the proper food for that species of mammal# & familiar etample is that of a pupp # The mother nurses the pup for hust a few weeks and then rehects the oung animal and teaches it to eat solid food# (ursing is pro$ided b nature onl for the $er oungest of mammals# ,f course' it is not possible for animals li$ing in a natural state to continue with the drinking of milk after weaning# I/ &LL MILK THa /&Ma? Then there is the matter of where we get our milk# )e ha$e settled on the cow because of its docile nature' its si*e' and its abundant milk suppl # /omehow this choice seems %normal% and blessed b nature' our culture' and our customs# yut is it natural? Is it wise to drink the milk of another species of mammal? +onsider for a moment' if it was possible' to drink the milk of a mammal other than a cow' let%s sa a rat# ,r perhaps the milk of a dog would be more to our liking# zossibl some horse milk or cat milk# uo ou get the

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idea? )ell' I%m not serious about this' etcept to suggest that human milk is for human infants' dogs% milk is for pups' cows% milk is for cal$es' cats% milk is for kittens' and so forth# +learl ' this is the wa nature intends it# Just use our own good hudgement on this one# Milk is not hust milk# The milk of e$er species of mammal is uni!ue and specificall tailored to the re!uirements of that animal# bor etample' cows% milk is $er much richer in protein than human milk# Three to four times as much# It has fi$e to se$en times the mineral content# Howe$er' it is markedl deficient in essential fatt acids when compared to human mothers% milk# Mothers% milk has sit to ten times as much of the essential fatt acids' especiall linoleic acid# vIncidentall ' skimmed cow%s milk has no linoleic acidw# It simpl is not designed for humans# bood is not hust food' and milk is not hust milk# It is not onl the proper amount of food but the proper !ualitati$e composition that is critical for the $er best in health and growth# yiochemists and ph siologists "and rarel medical doctors " are graduall learning that foods contain the crucial elements that allow a particular species to de$elop its uni!ue speciali*ations# +learl ' our speciali*ation is for ad$anced neurological de$elopment and delicate neuromuscular control# )e do not ha$e much need of massi$e skeletal growth or huge muscle groups as does a calf# Think of the difference between the demands make on the human hand and the demands on a cow%s hoof# Human new"borns specificall need critical material for their brains' spinal cord and ner$es# +an mother%s milk increase intelligence? It seems that it

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can# In a remarkable stud published in Lancet during deek v~ol# jje' p# kd"w' a group of yritish workers randoml placed premature infants into two groups# ,ne group recei$ed a proper formula' the other group recei$ed human breast milk# yoth fluids were gi$en b stomach tube# These children were followed up for o$er dm ears# In intelligence testing' the human milk children a$eraged dm I points higher! )ell' wh not? )h wouldn%t the correct building blocks for the rapidl maturing and growing brain ha$e a positi$e effect? In the &merican Journal of +linical (utrition vdeikw galph Holman described an infant who de$eloped profound neurological disease while being nourished b intra$enous fluids onl # The fluids used contained onl linoleic acid " hust one of the essential fatt acids# )hen the other' alpha linoleic acid' was added to the intra$enous fluids the neurological disorders cleared# In the same hournal fi$e ears later yher$e' Mostad and Thoresen' working in (orwa found etactl the same problem in adult patients on long term gastric tube feeding# In dejm ur# #,# yurr in Minnesota working with rats found that linoleic acid deficiencies created a deficienc s ndrome# )h is this mentioned? In the earl dems pediatricians found skin lesions in children fed formulas without the same linoleic acid# gemembering the research' the addition of the acid to the formula cured the problem# assential fatt acids are hust that and cows% milk is markedl deficient in these when compared to human milk# )aLL' &T La&/T +,)%/ MILK I/ zfga ,r is it? bift produced k'mmm ears ago an a$erage cow

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pounds of milk per ear# Toda the top producers gi$e sm'mmm pounds! How was this accomplished? urugs' antibiotics' hormones' forced feeding plans and speciali*ed breedingT that%s how# The latest high"tech onslaught on the poor cow is bo$ine growth hormone or yH# This geneticall engineered drug is supposed to stimulate milk production but' according to Monsanto' the hormone%s manufacturer' does not affect the milk or meat# There are three other manufacturers- fphohn' ali Lill ' and &merican + anamid +ompan # ,b$iousl ' there ha$e been no long"term studies on the hormone%s effect on the humans drinking the milk# ,ther countries ha$e banned yH because of safet concerns# ,ne of the problems with adding molecules to a milk cows% bod is that the molecules usuall come out in the milk# I don%t know how ou feel' but I don%t want to etperiment with the ingestion of a growth hormone# & related problem is that it causes a marked increase vsm to lm per centw in mastitis# This' then' re!uires antibiotic therap ' and the residues of the antibiotics appear in the milk# It seems that the public is uneas about this product and in one sur$e j per cent felt that growth hormone treated milk represented a health risk# & $ice president for public polic at Monsanto was opposed to labelling for that reason' and because the labelling would create an %artificial distinction%# The countr is awash with milk as it is' we produce more milk than we can consume# Let%s not create storage costs and further tatpa er burdens' because the law re!uires the f/u& to bu an surplus of butter' cheese' or non"fat dr milk at a support price set b +ongress! In fiscal deed' the f/u& spent lsl million on surplus butter' and one billion

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dollars a ear on a$erage for price supports during the deims v+onsumer geports' Ma deek- jjm"jkw# &n lactating mammal etcretes totins through her milk# This includes antibiotics' pesticides' chemicals and hormones# &lso' all cows% milk contains blood! The inspectors are simpl asked to keep it under certain limits# .ou ma be horrified to learn that the f/u& allows milk to contain from one to one and a half million white blood cells per millilitre# vThat%s onl dcjm of an ouncew# If ou don%t alread know this' I%m sorr to tell ou that another wa to describe white cells where the don%t belong would be to call them pus cells# To get to the point' is milk pure or is it a chemical' biological' and bacterial cocktail? binall ' will the bood and urug &dministration vbu&w protect ou? The fnited /tates eneral &ccounting ,ffice v&,w tells us that the bu& and the indi$idual /tates are failing to protect the public from drug residues in milk# &uthorities test for onl of the ik drugs in dair cows# &s ou can imagine' the Milk Industr boundation%s spokesman claims it%s perfectl safe# Jerome Ko*ak sa s' "I still think that milk is the safest product we ha$e#" ,ther' perhaps less biased obser$ers' ha$e found the following- ji of milk samples in dm cities were contaminated with sulfa drugs or other antibiotics# vThis from the +entre for /cience in the zublic Interest and The )all /treet Journal' uec# ke' deiew## & similar stud in )ashington' u+ found a km percent contamination rate v(utrition &ction Healthletter' &pril deemw# )hat%s going on here? )hen the bu& tested milk' the found few problems# Howe$er' the used $er lat

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standards# )hen the used the same criteria' the bu& data showed sd percent of the milk samples showed drug traces# Let%s focus in on this because it^s critical to our understanding of the apparent discrepancies# The bu& uses a disk"assa method that can detect onl k of the jm or so drugs found in milk# &lso' the test detects onl at the relati$el high le$el# & more powerful test called the %+harm II test% can detect drugs down to s parts per billion# ,ne nast subhect must be discussed# It seems that cows are fore$er getting infections around the udder that re!uire ointments and antibiotics# &n article from brance tells us that when a cow recei$es penicillin' that penicillin appears in the milk for from to l milkings# &nother stud from the fni$ersit of (e$ada' geno tells of cells in %mastic milk%' milk from cows with infected udders# &n elaborate anal sis of the cell fragments' emplo ing cell cultures' flow c tometric anal sis ' and a great deal of high tech stuff# uo ou know what the conclusion was? If the cow has mastitis' there is pus in the milk# /orr ' it^s in the stud ' all concealed with language such as "macrophages containing man $acuoles and phagoc tosed particles'" etc# IT aT/ ),g/a )ell' at least human mothers% milk is pure! /orr # & huge stud showed that human breast milk in o$er d'mmm women had contamination b pesticides! burther' it seems that the sources of the pesticides are meat and"" ou guessed it"" dair products# )ell' wh not? These pesticides are concentrated in fat and that%s what%s in these products# v,f interest' a subgroup of lactating $egetarian

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mothers had onl half the le$els of contaminationw# & recent report showed an increased concentration of pesticides in the breast tissue of women with breast cancer when compared to the tissue of women with fibroc stic disease# ,ther articles in the standard medical literature describe problems# Just scan these titlesd#+ow%s Milk as a +ause of Infantile +olic yreast"bed Infants# Lancet k vdeliw- jl k#uietar zrotein"Induced +olitis in yreast" bed Infants' J# zediatr# Imd vdeikw- em j#The uestion of the alimination of boreign zrotein in )omen%s Milk' J# Immunolog de vdejmw- ds There are man others# There are do*ens of studies describing the prompt appearance of cows% milk allerg in children being etclusi$el breast"fed! The cows% milk allergens simpl appear in the mother%s milk and are transmitted to the infant# & committee on nutrition of the &merican &cadem of zediatrics reported on the use of whole cows% milk in infanc vzediatrics deij- lk"ksjw# The were unable to pro$ide an cogent reason wh bo$ine milk should be used before the first birthda et continued to recommend its use! uoctor brank ,ski from the fpstate Medical +entre uepartment of zediatrics' commenting on the recommendation' cited the problems of acute gastrointestinal blood loss in infants' the lack of iron' recurrent abdominal pain' milk" borne infections and contaminants' and said)h gi$e it at all " then or e$er? In the face of uncertaint about man of the potential dangers of whole bo$ine milk' it would seem prudent to recommend that whole milk not be started until the answers are a$ailable# Isn%t

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it time for these uncontrolled etperiments on human nutrition to come to an end? In the same issue of zediatrics he further commentedIt is m thesis that whole milk should not be fed to the infant in the first ear of life because of its association with iron deficienc anemia vmilk is so deficient in iron that an infant would ha$e to drink an impossible jd !uarts a da to get the gu& of ds mgw' acute gastrointiestinal bleeding' and $arious manifestations of food allerg # I suggest that unmodified whole bo$ine milk should not be consumed after infanc because of the problems of lactose intolerance' its contribution to the genesis of atherosclerosis' and its possible link to other diseases# In late deek ur# yenhamin /pock' possibl the best known pediatrician in histor ' shocked the countr when he articulated the same thoughts and specified a$oidance for the first two ears of life# Here is his !uotationI want to pass on the word to parents that cows% milk from the carton has definite faults for some babies# Human milk is the right one for babies# & stud comparing the incidence of allerg and colic in the breast"fed infants of omni$orous and $egan mothers would be important# I ha$en%t found such a stud T it would be both important and inetpensi$e# &nd it will probabl ne$er be done# There is simpl no academic or economic profit in$ol$ed# ,THag zg,yLaM/ Let%s hust mention the problems of bacterial contamination# /almonella' a# coli' and staph lococcal infections can be traced to milk# In the old da s tuberculosis

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was a mahor problem and some folks want to go back to those times b insisting on raw milk on the basis that it%s "natural#" This is insanit ! & stud from f+L& showed that o$er a third of all cases of salmonella infection in +alifornia' deim"deij were traced to raw milk# That%ll be a wa to re$i$e good old brucellosis again and I would fear leukemia' too# vMore about that laterw# In angland' and )ales where raw milk is still consumed there ha$e been outbreaks of milk"borne diseases# The Journal of the &merican Medical &ssociation vksd- ij' deiw reported a multi"state series of infections caused b .ersinia enterocolitica in pasteurised whole milk# This is despite safet precautions# &ll parents dread hu$enile diabetes for their children# & +anadian stud reported in the &merican Journal of +linical (utrition' Mar# deem' describes a "###significant positi$e correlation between consumption of unfermented milk protein and incidence of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in data from $arious countries# +on$ersel a possible negati$e relationship is obser$ed between breast" feeding at age j months and diabetes risk#"# &nother stud from binland found that diabetic children had higher le$els of serum antibodies to cows^ milk vuiabetes gesearch lvjw- djl"dm March deiiw# Here is a !uotation from this stud )e infer that either the pattern of cows% milk consumption is altered in children who will ha$e insulin dependent diabetes mellitus or' their immunological reacti$it to proteins in cows% milk is enhanced' or the permeabilit of their intestines to cows% milk protein is higher than normal#

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The &pril di' deek yritish Medical Journal has a fascinating stud contrasting the difference in incidence of hu$enile insulin dependent diabetes in zakistani children who ha$e migrated to angland# The incidence is roughl dm times greater in the anglish group compared to children remaining in zakistan! )hat caused this highl significant increase? The authors said that "the diet was unchanged in reat yritain#" uo ou belie$e that? uo ou think that the a$ailabilit of milk' sugar and fat is the same in zakistan as it is in angland? That a grocer store in angland has the same products as food sources in zakistan? I don%t belie$e that for a minute# gemember' we%re not talking here about adult onset' t pe II diabetes which all workers agree is strongl linked to diet as well as to a genetic predisposition# This stud is a mahor blow to the "it%s all in our genes" crowd# T pe I diabetes was alwa s considered to be genetic or possibl $iral' but now this? /o resistant are we to consider diet as causation that the authors of the last article concluded that the cooler climate in angland altered $iruses and caused the $er real increase in diabetes! The first two authors had the same reluctance top admit the ob$ious# The milk hust ma ha$e had something to do with the disease# The latest in this remarkable list of reports' a (ew angland Journal of Medicine article vJul jm' deekw' also reported in the Los &ngeles Times# This stud comes from the Hospital for /ick +hildren in Toronto and from binnish researchers# In binland there is "###the world%s highest rate of dair product consumption and the world%s highest rate of insulin dependent diabetes# The disease strikes about m children out of e$er d'mmm there contrasted with sit

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to eight per d'mmm in the fnited /tates#### &ntibodies produced against the milk protein during the first ear of life' the researchers speculate' also attack and destro the pancreas in a so"called auto"immune reaction' producing diabetes in people whose genetic makeup lea$es them $ulnerable#" "###dk binnish children with newl diagnosed diabetes# The found that e$er one had at least eight times as man antibodies against the milk protein as did health children' clear e$idence that the children had a raging auto immune disorder#" The team has now etpanded the stud to mm children and is starting a trial where j'mmm children will recei$e no dair products during the first nine months of life# "The stud ma take dm ears' but we%ll get a definiti$e answer one wa or the other'" according to one of the researchers# I would caution them to be certain that the breast feeding mothers use on cows% milk in their diets or the results will be confounded b the transmission of the cows% milk protein in the mother%s breast milk#### (ow what was the reaction from the diabetes association? This is $er interesting! ur# b# a$ier zi"/un er' the president of the association sa s- "It does not mean that children should stop drinking milk or that parents of diabetics should withdraw dair products# These are rich sources of good protein#" vamphasis addedw M od' it%s the "good protein" that causes the problem! uo ou suspect that the dair industr ma ha$e helped the &merican uiabetes &ssociation in the past? LafKaMI&? L.MzH,M&? THI/ M&. ya THa ),g/T"" yg&+a .,fg/aLb! I hate to tell ou this' but the bo$ine leukemia $irus is found in more than three of fi$e dair cows in

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the fnited /tates! This in$ol$es about im of dair herds# fnfortunatel ' when the milk is pooled' a $er large percentage of all milk produced is contaminated vem to es per centw# ,f course the $irus is killed in pasteurisation"" if the pasteurisation was done correctl # )hat if the milk is raw? In a stud of randoml collected raw milk samples the bo$ine leukemia $irus was reco$ered from two"thirds# I sincerel hope that the raw milk dair herds are carefull monitored when compared to the regular herds# v/cience deidT kdj-dmdw# This is a world"wide problem# ,ne length stud from erman deplored the problem and admitted the impossibilit of keeping the $irus from infected cows% milk from the rest of the milk# /e$eral auropean countries' including erman and /wit*erland' ha$e attempted to "cull" the infected cows from their herds# +ertainl the fnited /tates must be the leader in the fight against leukemic dair cows' right? )rong! )e are the worst in the world with the former etception of ~ene*uela according to ~irgil Hulse Mu' a milk specialist who also has a y#/# in uair Manufacturing as well as a Master%s degree in zublic Health# &s mentioned' the leukemia $irus is rendered inacti$e b pasteurisation# ,f course# Howe$er' there can be +hernob l like accidents# ,ne of these occurred in the +hicago area in &pril' deis# &t a modern' large' milk processing plant an accidental "cross connection" between raw and pasteuri*ed milk occurred# & $iolent salmonella outbreak followed' killing and making an estimated dsm'mmm ill# (ow the !uestion I would pose to the dair industr people is this"How can ou assure the people who drank this milk that the

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were not etposed to the ingestion of raw' unkilled' bull acti$e bo$ine leukemia $iruses?" burther' it would be fascinating to know if a "cluster" of leukemia cases blossoms in that area in d to j decades# There are reports of "leukemia clusters" elsewhere' one of them mentioned in the June dm' deem /an brancisco +hronicle in$ol$ing (orthern +alifornia# )hat happens to other species of mammals when the are etposed to the bo$ine leukemia $irus? It%s a fair !uestion and the answer is not reassuring# ~irtuall all animals etposed to the $irus de$elop leukemia# This includes sheep' goats' and e$en primates such as rhesus monke s and chimpan*ees# The route of transmission includes ingestion vboth intra$enous and intramuscularw and cells present in milk# There are ob$iousl no instances of transfer attempts to human beings' but we know that the $irus can infect human cells in $itro# There is e$idence of human antibod formation to the bo$ine leukemia $irusT this is disturbing# How did the bo$ine leukemia $irus particles gain access to humans and become antigens? )as it as small' denatured particles? If the bo$ine leukemia $iruses causes human leukemia' we could etpect the dair states with known leukemic herds to ha$e a higher incidence of human leukemia# Is this so? fnfortunatel ' it seems to be the case! Iowa' (ebraska' /outh uakota' Minnesota and )isconsin ha$e statisticall higher incidence of leukemia than the national a$erage# In gussia and in /weden' areas with uncontrolled bo$ine leukemia $irus ha$e been linked with increases in human leukemia# I am also told that $eterinarians ha$e higher rates of leukemia than the general public#

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uair farmers ha$e significantl ele$ated leukemia rates# gecent research shows l mphoc tes from milk fed to neonatal mammals gains access to bodil tissues b passing directl through the intestinal wall# &n optimistic note from the fni$ersit of Illinois' fbana from the uepartment of &nimal /ciences shows the importance of one%s perspecti$e# /ince the are concerned with the economics of milk and not primaril the health aspects' the noted that the production of milk was greater in the cows with the bo$ine leukemia $irus# Howe$er when the leukemia produced a persistent and significant l mphoc tosis vincreased white blood cell countw' the production fell off# The suggested "a need to re"e$aluate the economic impact of bo$ine leukemia $irus infection on the dair industr "# uoes this mean that leukemia is good for profits onl if we can keep it under control? .ou can get the details on this business concern from zroc# (at# &cad# /ciences' f#/# beb# deie# I added emphasis and am insulted that a uni$ersit department feels that this is an economic and not a human health issue# uo not etpect help from the uepartment of &griculture or the uni$ersities# The mone stakes and the political pressures are too great# .ou%re on ou own# )hat does this all mean? )e know that $irus is capable of producing leukemia in other animals# Is it pro$en that it can contribute to human leukemia vor l mphoma' a related cancerw? /e$eral articles tackle this oned#apidemiologic gelationships of the yo$ine zopulation and Human Leukemia in Iowa# &m Journal of apidemiolog ddk vdeimw-im k#Milk of uair +ows bre!uentl +ontains a Leukemogenic ~irus# /cience kdj vdeidw- dmd

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j#yeware of the +ow# vaditorialw Lancet k vdelw-jm #Is yo$ine Milk & Health Ha*ard?# zediatricsT /uppl# beeding the (ormal Infant# ls-dik"diT deis In (orwa ' dkk indi$iduals were followed for dd and a half ears# Those drinking k or more glasses of milk per da had j#s times the incidence of cancer of the l mphatic organs# yritish Med# Journal d-s"e' March deem# ,ne of the more thoughtful articles on this subhect is from &llan /# +unningham of +ooperstown' (ew .ork# )riting in the Lancet' (o$ember kl' del vpage ddiw' his article is entitled' "L mphomas and &nimal"zrotein +onsumption"# Man people think of milk as ^li!uid meat^ and ur# +unningham agrees with this# He tracked the beef and dair consumption in terms of grams per da for a one ear period' dess"des#' in ds countries # (ew ealand' fnited /tates and +anada were highest in that order# The lowest was Japan followed b .ugosla$ia and brance# The difference between the highest and lowest was !uite pronounced- j#i gramscda for (ew ealanders $ersus d#s for Japan# (earl a jm" fold difference! vzarentheticall ' the last j ears ha$e seen a startling increase in the amount of beef and milk used in Japan and their disease patterns are reflecting this' confirming the lack of %genetic protection% seen in migration studies# bormerl the increase in fre!uenc of l mphomas in Japanese people was onl in those who mo$ed to the f/&w! &n interesting bit of tri$ia is to note the memorial built at the okusenhi Temple in /himoda' Japan# This marked the spot where the first cow was killed in Japan for human consumption! The chains around this memorial were a gift

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from the f/ (a$ # )here do ou suppose the Japanese got the idea to eat beef? The ear? dejm# +unningham found a highl significant positi$e correlation between deaths from l mphomas and beef and dair ingestion in the ds countries anal sed# & few !uotations from his article followThe a$erage intake of protein in man countries is far in etcess of the recommended re!uirements# atcessi$e consumption of animal protein ma be one co" factor in the causation of l mphomas b acting in the following manner# Ingestion of certain proteins results in the adsorption of antigenic fragments through the gastrointestinal mucous membrane# This results in chronic stimulation of l mphoid tissue to which these fragments gain access "+hronic immunological stimulation causes l mphomas in laborator animals and is belie$ed to cause l mphoid cancers in men#" The gastrointestinal mucous membrane is onl a partial barrier to the absorption of food antigens' and circulating antibodies to food protein is commonplace especiall potent l mphoid stimulants# Ingestion of cows% milk can produce generali*ed l mphadenopath ' hepatosplenomegal ' and profound adenoid h pertroph # It has been conser$ati$el estimated that more than dmm distinct antigens are released b the normal digestion of cows% milk which e$oke production of all antibod classes This ma etplain wh pasteuri*ed' killed $iruses are still antigenic and can still cause disease# Here%s more# & large prospecti$e stud from (orwa was reported in the yritish Journal of +ancer d vjw-s"e' March deem# v&lmost d'mmm indi$iduals were

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followed for dd and a half earsw# bor most cancers there was no association between the tumour and milk ingestion# Howe$er' in l mphoma' there was a strong positi$e association# If one drank two glasses or more dail vor the e!ui$alent in dair productsw' the odds were j# times greater than in persons drinking less than one glass of de$eloping a l mphoma# There are two other cow"related diseases that ou should be aware of# &t this time the are not known to be spread b the use of dair products and are not known to in$ol$e man# The first is bo$ine spongiform encephalopath vy/aw' and the second is the bo$ine immunodeficienc $irus vyI~w# The first of these diseases' we hope' is confined to angland and causes ca$ities in the animal%s brain# /heep ha$e long been known to suffer from a disease called scrapie# It seems to ha$e been started b the feeding of contaminated sheep parts' especiall brains' to the yritish cows# (ow' use our good sense# uo cows seem like carni$ores? /hould the eat meat? This profit"moti$ated practice backfired and bo$ine spongiform encephalopath ' or Mad +ow uisease' swept yritain# The disease literall causes dementia in the unfortunate animal and is dmm per cent incurable# To date' o$er dmm'mmm cows ha$e been incinerated in angland in keeping with yritish law# bour hundred to smm cows are reported as infected each month# The yritish public is concerned and has dropped its beef consumption b ks per cent' while some k'mmm schools ha$e stopped ser$ing beef to children# /e$eral farmers ha$e de$eloped a fatal disease s ndrome that resembles both y/a and +Ju v+reut*feldt"Jakob" uiseasew# yut the yritish ~eterinar &ssociation sa s that transmission of y/a to humans is "remote#"

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The f/u& agrees that the yritish epidemic was due to the feeding of cattle with bonemeal or animal protein produced at rendering plants from the carcasses of scrapie"infected sheep# The ha$e prohibited the importation of li$e cattle and *oo ruminants from reat yritain and claim that the disease does not etist in the fnited /tates# Howe$er' there ma be a problem# "uowner cows" are animals who arri$e at auction ards or slaughter houses dead' trampled' lacerated' deh drated' or too ill from $iral or bacterial diseases to walk# Thus the are "down#" If the cannot respond to electrical shocks b walking' the are dragged b chains to dumpsters and transported to rendering plants where' if the are not alread dead' the are killed# a$en a "humane" death is usuall denied them# The are then turned into protein food for animals as well as other preparations# Minks that ha$e been fed this protein ha$e de$eloped a fatal encephalopath that has some resemblance to y/a# antire colonies of minks ha$e been lost in this manner' particularl in )isconsin# It is feared that the infecti$e agent is a prion or slow $irus possible obtained from the ill "downer cows#" The yritish Medical Journal in an editorial whimsicall entitled "How (ow Mad +ow?" vyMJ $ol# jm' dd &pr# deek-eke" jmw describes cases of y/a in species not pre$iousl known to be affected' such as cats# The admit that produce contaminated with bo$ine spongiform encephalopath entered the human food chain in angland between dei and deie# The sa # "The result of this etperiment is awaited#" &s the incubation period can be up to three decades' wait we must# The immunodeficenc the fnited $irus is seen in cattle in

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/tates and is more worrisome# Its structure is closel related to that of the human &Iu/ $irus# &t this time we do not know if etposure to the raw yI~ proteins can cause the sera of humans to become positi$e for HI~# The ettent of the $irus among &merican herds is said to be "widespread"# vThe f/u& refuses to inspect the meat and milk to see if antibodies to this retro$irus is presentw# It also has no plans to !uarantine the infected animals# &s in the case of humans with &Iu/' there is no cure for yI~ in cows# aach da we consume beef and diar products from cows infected with these $iruses and no scientific assurance etists that the products are safe# aating raw beef vas in steak Tartarew strikes me as being $er risk ' especiall after the /eattle a# coli deaths of deej# & report in the +anadian Journal of ~eterinar gesearch' ,ctober deek' ~ol# s pp#jsj"jse and another from the gussian literature' tell of a horrif ing de$elopment# The report the first detection in human serum of the antibod to a bo$ine immunodeficienc $irus protein# In addition to this disturbing report' is another from gussia telling us of the presence of $irus proteins related to the bo$ine leukemia $irus in s of ie women with breast disease v&cta ~irologica beb# deem jvdw- de"kw# The implications of these de$elopments are unknown at present# Howe$er' it is safe to assume that these animal $iruses are unlikel to "sta " in the animal kingdom# ,THag +&(+ag/""u,a/ IT aT ),g/a? fnfortunatel it does# ,$arian cancer""a particularl nast tumour""was associated with milk consumption b workers at goswell zark Memorial Institute in yuffalo' (ew .ork# urinking more than one glass of whole milk or

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e!ui$alent dail ga$e a woman a j#d times risk o$er non" milk users# The felt that the reduced fat milk products helped reduce the risk# This association has been made repeatedl b numerous in$estigators# &nother important stud ' this from the Har$ard Medical /chool' anal *ed data from kl countries mainl from the delms# &gain a significant positi$e correlation is re$ealed between o$arian cancer and per capita milk consumption# These in$estigators feel that the lactose component of milk is the responsible fraction' and the digestion of this is facilitated b the persistence of the abilit to digest the lactose vlactose persistencew " a little different emphasis' but the same conclusion# This stud was reported in the &merican Journal of apidemiolog djm vsw- em" dm (o$# deie# These articles come from two of the countr %s leading institutions' not the godale zress or zre$ention Maga*ine# a$en lung cancer has been associated with milk ingestion? The be$erage habits of se lung cancer patients and se controls again at goswell zark were studied in the International Journal of +ancer' &pril ds' deie# zersons drinking whole milk j or more times dail had a k"fold increase in lung cancer risk when compared to those ne$er drinking whole milk# bor man ears we ha$e been watching the lung cancer rates for Japanese men who smoke far more than &merican or auropean men but who de$elop fewer lung cancers# )orkers in this research area feel that the total fat intake is the difference# There are not man reports stud ing an association between milk ingestion and prostate cancer# ,ne such

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report though was of great interest# This is from the goswell zark Memorial Institute and is found in +ancer vjw- ms"dk' deie# The anal *ed the diets of jld prostate cancer patients and comparable control subhectsMen who reported drinking three or more glasses of whole milk dail had a relati$e risk of k#e compared with men who reported ne$er drinking whole milk the weight of the e$idence appears to fa$our the h pothesis that animal fat is related to increased risk of prostate cancer# zrostate cancer is now the most common cancer diagnosed in f/ men and is the second leading cause of cancer mortalit # )aLL' )H&T &ga THa ya(abIT/? Is there an health reason at all for an adult human to drink cows% milk? It%s hard for me to come up with e$en one good reason other than simple preference# yut if ou tr hard' in m opinion' these would be the best two- milk is a source of calcium and it%s a source of amino acids vproteinsw# Let%s look at the calcium first# )h are we concerned at all about calcium? ,b$iousl ' we intend it to build strong bones and protect us against osteoporosis# &nd no doubt about it' milk is loaded with calcium# yut is it a good calcium source for humans? I think not# These are the reasons# atcessi$e amounts of dair products actuall interfere with calcium absorption# /econdl ' the etcess of protein that the milk pro$ides is a mahor cause of the osteoporosis problem# ur# H egsted in angland has been writing for ears about the geographical distribution of osteoporosis# It seems that the countries with the highest intake of dair products are in$ariabl the countries with the most

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osteoporosis# He feels that milk is a cause of osteoporosis# geasons to be gi$en below# (umerous studies ha$e shown that the le$el of calcium ingestion and especiall calcium supplementation has no effect whate$er on the de$elopment of osteoporosis# The most important such article appeared recentl in the yritish Journal of Medicine where the long arm of our dair industr can%t reach# &nother stud in the fnited /tates actuall showed a worsening in calcium balance in post" menopausal women gi$en three i"ounce glasses of cows% milk per da # v&m# Journal of +lin# (utrition' deisw# The effects of hormone' gender' weight bearing on the atial bones' and in particular protein intake' are criticall important# &nother obser$ation that ma be helpful to our anal sis is to note the absence of an recorded dietar deficiencies of calcium among people li$ing on a natural diet without milk# bor the ke to the osteoporosis riddle' don^t look at calcium' look at protein# +onsider these two contrasting groups# askimos ha$e an etceptionall high protein intake estimated at ks percent of total calories# The also ha$e a high calcium intake at k'smm mgcda # Their osteoporosis is among the worst in the world# The other instructi$e group are the yantus of /outh &frica# The ha$e a dk percent protein diet' mostl p lant protein' and onl kmm to jsm mgcda of calcium' about half our women%s intake# The women ha$e $irtuall no osteoporosis despite bearing sit or more children and nursing them for prolonged periods! )hen &frican women immigrate to the fnited /tates' do the de$elop osteoporosis? The answer is es' but not !uite are much as +aucasian or &sian women# Thus' there

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is a genetic difference that is modified b

diet#

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To answer the ob$ious !uestion' ")ell' where do ou get our calcium?" The answer is- "brom etactl the same place the cow gets the calcium' from green things that grow in the ground'" mainl from leaf $egetables# &fter all' elephants and rhinos de$elop their huge bones vafter being weanedw b eating green leaf plants' so do horses# +arni$orous animals also do !uite nicel without leaf plants# It seems that all of earth%s mammals do well if the li$e in harmon with their genetic programming and natural food# ,nl humans li$ing an affluent life st le ha$e rampant osteoporosis# If animal references do not con$ince ou' think of the se$eral billion humans on this earth who ha$e ne$er seen cows% milk# )ouldn%t ou think osteoporosis would be pre$alent in this huge group? The dair people would suggest this but the truth is etactl the opposite# The ha$e far less than that seen in the countries where dair products are commonl consumed# It is the subhect of another paper' but the trul significant determinants of osteoporosis are grossl etcessi$e protein intakes and lack of weight bearing on long bones' both taking place o$er decades# Hormones pla a secondar ' but not tri$ial role in women# Milk is a deterrent to good bone health# THa zg,TaI( M.TH gemember when ou were a kid and the adults all told ou to "make sure ou get plent of good protein"# zrotein was the nutritional "good gu ^" when I was oung# &nd of course milk is fitted right in# &s regards protein' milk is indeed a rich source of protein" ""li!uid meat'" remember? Howe$er that isn%t

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necessaril what we need# In actual fact it is a source of difficult # (earl all &mericans eat too much protein# bor this information we rel on the most authoritati$e source that I am aware of# This is the latest edition vdoth' deie- th printing' Jan# deekw of the gecommended uietar &llowances produced b the (ational gesearch +ouncil# ,f interest' the current editor of this important work is ur# gichard Ha$el of the fni$ersit of +alifornia in /an brancisco# birst to be noted is that the recommended protein has been steadil re$ised downward in successi$e editions# The current recommendation is m#ls gckilocda for adults de through sd ears# This' of course' is onl s grams per da for the m thical m kilogram adult# .ou should also know that the )H, estimated the need for protein in adults to b #gckilo per da # v&ll gu&%s are calculated with large safet allowances in case ou%re the t pe that wants to add some more to "be sure#"w .ou can "get b " on ki to jm grams a da if necessar ! (ow s grams a da is a tin amount of protein# That%s an ounce and a half! +onsider too' that the protein does not ha$e to be animal protein# ~egetable protein is identical for all practical purposes and has no cholesterol and $astl less saturated fat# vuo not be misled b the anti!uated belief that plant proteins must be carefull balanced to a$oid deficiencies# This is not a realistic concern#w Therefore $irtuall all &mericans' +anadians' yritish and auropean people are in a protein o$erloaded state# This has serious conse!uences when maintained o$er decades# The problems are the alread mentioned osteoporosis'

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atherosclerosis and kidne damage# There is good e$idence that certain malignancies' chiefl colon and rectal' are related to etcessi$e meat intake# yarr yrenner' an eminent renal ph siologist was the first to full point out the dangers of etcess protein for the kidne tubule# The dangers of the fat and cholesterol are known to all# binall ' ou should know that the protein content of human milk is amount the lowest vm#ew in mammals# I/ TH&T &LL ,b THa Tg,fyLa? /orr ' there%s more# gemember lactose? This is the principal carboh drate of milk# It seems that nature pro$ides new" borns with the en* matic e!uipment to metaboli*e lactose' but this abilit often ettinguishes b age or s ears# )hat is the problem with lactose or milk sugar? It seems that it is a disaccharide which is too large to be absorbed into the blood stream without first being broken down into monosaccharides' namel galactose and glucose# This re!uires the presence of an en* me' lactase plus additional en* mes to break down the galactose into glucose# Let%s think about his for a moment# (ature gi$es us the abilit to metaboli*e lactose for a few ears and then shuts off the mechanism# Is Mother (ature tr ing to tell us something? +learl all infants must drink milk# The fact that so man adults cannot seems to be related to the tendenc for nature to abandon mechanisms that are not needed# &t least half of the adult humans on this earth are lactose intolerant# It was not until the relati$el recent introduction of dair herding and the abilit to "borrow" milk from another group of mammals that the sur$i$al ad$antage of preser$ing lactase vthe en* me that allows us

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to digest lactosew became e$ident# yut wh would it be ad$antageous to drink cows% milk? &fter all' most of the human beings in the histor of the world did# &nd further' wh was it hust the white or light skinned humans who retained this knack while the pigmented people tended to lose it? /ome students of e$olution feel that white skin is a fairl recent inno$ation' perhaps not more than km'mmm or jm'mmm ears old# It clearl has to do with the (orthward migration of earl man to cold and relati$el sunless areas when skins and clothing became a$ailable# bair skin allows the production of ~itamin u from sunlight more readil than does dark skin# Howe$er' when onl the face was etposed to sunlight that area of fair skin was insufficient to pro$ide the $itamin u from sunlight# If dietar and sunlight sources were poorl a$ailable' the abilit to use the abundant calcium in cows% milk would gi$e a sur$i$al ad$antage to humans who could digest that milk# This seems to be the onl logical etplanation for fair skinned humans ha$ing a high degree of lactose tolerance when compared to dark skinned people# How does this break down? +ertain racial groups' namel blacks are up to em lactose intolerant as adults# +aucasians are km to m lactose intolerant# ,rientals are midwa between the abo$e two groups# uiarrhea' gas and abdominal cramps are the results of substantial milk intake in such persons# Most &merican Indians cannot tolerate milk# The milk industr admits that lactose intolerance pla s intestinal ha$oc with as man as sm million &mericans# & lactose"intolerance industr has sprung up and had sales of ddl million in deek vTime Ma dl' deej#w

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)hat if ou are lactose"intolerant and lust after dair products? Is all lost? (ot at all# It seems that lactose is largel digested b bacteria and ou will be able to enho our cheese despite lactose intolerance# .ogurt is similar in this respect# binall ' and I could ne$er ha$e dreamed this up' geneticists want to splice genes to alter the composition of milk v&m J +lin (utr deej /uppl jmksw# ,ne could !uibble and sa that milk is totall de$oid of fiber content and that its habitual use will predispose to constipation and bowel disorders# The association with anemia and occult intestinal bleeding in infants is known to all ph sicians# This is chiefl from its lack of iron and its irritating !ualities for the intestinal mucosa# The pediatric literature abounds with articles describing irritated intestinal lining' bleeding' increased permeabilit as well as colic' diarrhea and $omiting in cows%milk"sensiti$e babies# The anemia gets a double push b loss of blood and iron as well as deficienc of iron in the cows% milk# Milk is also the leading cause of childhood allerg # L,) b&T ,ne additional topic- the matter of "low fat" milk# & common and sincere !uestion is- ")ell' low fat milk is ,K' isn%t it?" The answer to this !uestion is that low fat milk isn%t low fat# The term "low fat" is a marketing term used to gull the public# Low fat milk contains from k to jj fat as calories! The k figure is also misleading# This refers to weight# The don%t tell ou that' b weight' the milk is il water!

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")ell' then' kill"ho surel ou must appro$e of non"fat milk!" I hear this !uite a bit# v&nother constant concern is- ")hat do ou put on our cereal?"w True' there is little or no fat' but now ou ha$e a relati$e o$erburden of protein and lactose# It there is something that we do not need more of it is another simple sugar"lactose' composed of galactose and glucose# Millions of &mericans are lactose intolerant to boot' as noted# &s for protein' as stated earlier' we li$e in a societ that routinel ingests far more protein than we need# It is a burden for our bodies' especiall the kidne s' and a prominent cause of osteoporosis# +oncerning the dr cereal issue' I would suggest so milk' rice milk or almond milk as a health substitute# If ou%re still concerned about calcium' ")estso " is formulated to ha$e the same calcium concentration as milk# /fMM&g. To m thinking' there is onl one $alid reason to drink milk or use milk products# That is hust because we simpl want to# yecause we like it and because it has become a part of our culture# yecause we ha$e become accustomed to its taste and tetture# yecause we like the wa it slides down our throat# yecause our parents did the $er best the could for us and pro$ided milk in our earliest training and conditioning# The taught us to like it# &nd then probabl the $er best reason is ice cream! I%$e heard it described "to die for"# I had one patient who did etactl that# He had no ob$ious $ices# He didn%t smoke or drink' he didn^t eat meat' his diet and lifest le was nearl a perfectl health promoting oneT but he had a passion# .ou guessed it' he lo$ed rich ice

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cream# & pint of the richest would be a lean da %s ration for him# ,n man occasions he would eat an entire !uart " and es there were some cookies and other pastries# ood ice cream deser$es this after all# He seemed to be in good health despite some etpected "middle age spread" when he had a de$astating stroke which left him paral *ed' miserable and helpless' and he had additional strokes and d ied se$eral ears later ne$er ha$ing left a hospital or rehabilitation unit# )as he old? I don%t think so# He was in his sms# /o don%t drink milk for health# I am con$inced on the weight of the scientific e$idence that it does not "do a bod good#" Inclusion of milk will onl reduce our diet%s nutritional $alue and safet # Most of the people on this planet li$e $er healthfull without cows% milk# .ou can too# It will be difficult to changeT we%$e been conditioned since childhood to think of milk as "nature%s most perfect food#" I%ll guarantee ou that it will be safe' impro$e our health and it won%t cost an thing# )hat can ou lose? F!rticle courtesty of Dr" GradHian and httIJKKLLL"afIafitness"coMKarticlesKMNOGDPC"QRMS TMail Rhis Uage to SoMeone you care aVoutW

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