Patel 1 Tanvi Patel Ms.Alogna MRT / 45B 3/18/12 Chapter 10 Key Terms 1.

Acid a chemical substance with a pH less than 7.0 that can cause severe burns 2. Amphetamines (uppers) stimulants that produce mood elevation, improved performance, suppresses appetite, and can prevent sleepiness 3. Anaphylactic Shock Severe shock caused by an allergic reaction to food, medicine, or insect stings. 4. Barbiturates (downers) drugs that depress nervous system; person may appear drowsy or peaceful 5. Base a chemical with pH of more than 7.0; also cause caustics or alkalis 6. Carbon monoxide colorless, odorless, poisonous gas formed by incomplete combustion 7. CNS (Central Nervous System) The brain and spinal cord 8. Cocaine stimulant that induces extreme state of euphoria. Legally used it can be a potent local anesthetic. On the street its known as coke; crack cocaine, crack, or rock is solid smokable form of cocaine. 9. Coma a unconscious state from which the person cant be aroused. 10. DTs (delirium tremens) severe and often fatal complication of alcohol withdrawal can occur anywhere from 3-10 days after withdrawal. Symptoms restlessness, fever, sweating, confusion, disorientation, agitation, hallucinations, and convulsions 11. Hallucinogens chemicals that make person see visions or hear sounds that are not real 12. Hives allergic skin disorder marked by patches of swelling, redness, and intense itching 13. Poison any substance that may cause injury or death if related small amounts are ingested inhaled or absorbed or applied to or injected into the body 14. Urticaria - A rash of round, red welts on the skin that itch intensely, sometimes with dangerous swelling, caused by an allergic reaction, 15. SCBA Self-Containing Breathing Apparatus; complete unit of air for rescuer who enters contaminated area 16. Toxic Poisonous Assessment in Action 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. Evacuate the building and call for specially trained officials. 8. Remove everyone from the source of the Carbon Monoxide infected area 9. Begin mouth-mask rescue breathing and administer oxygen 10. Administer oxygen and arrange from prompt transport

Patel 2 Objectives 1. Poison is a substance that causes illness or death when eaten, drunk, inhaled, injected, or absorbed in relatively small quantities. 2. Ingested poisons include: unusual breathing odors, discoloration or burning around the mouth, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. 3. To treat a patient with ingested poisoning - identify the poison, call National Poison Center and arrange for prompt transport. 4. Inhaled poisons S&S respiratory distress, dizziness, cough, headache, hoarseness, confusion, and chest pain. 5. To treat a patient for inhaled poisoning remove patient from source of poisoning, if not breathing begin mouth-mask breathing. If breathing, administer oxygen and arrange for prompt transport. 6. Injected poisons S&S obvious injury site, tenderness, swelling, red streaks, weakness, dizziness, localized pain, itching. 7. To treat a patient for injected poisoning encourage the patient to keep calm, reduce swelling with a light constricting band or ice. Maintain ABCs, administer oxygen, elevate legs (for shock), remove allergens if possible and monitor vital signs. Arrange for rapid transport if there are signs of anaphylactic shock. 8. To assist a patient with an auto injector - support the patients thigh, and place the tip against the thigh. Push auto injector firmly against the thigh and hold in place for several seconds. 9. Absorbed poisons S&S traces of powder or liquid on the skin, inflammation of the skin, chemical burns, rash, burning, itching, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, shock. 10. To treat a patient with absorbed poisoning make sure patient is no longer in contact with the toxic substance, patient may have to remove all their clothing, and then brush away any dry chemical. Dont use water because it may activate the chemical. After removing the chemical, wash patient for at least 20 minutes and arrange for transport. 11. Brush off the chemical and wash for 20 minutes using any water source available. 12. If there is a liquid poison wash off for 20 minutes. 13. Nerve agent S&S SLUDGE Salvating, Sweating, Lacrimination (excessive tearing), Urination, Defecation, Diarrhea, Gastric upset, Emesis (vomiting). 14. Nerve Agent treatment Assess and support ABCs, nerve agent antidote kits. Two types, DuoDote Kit, and Mark I kit. 15. The instructions for using nerve agent antidote kits: make sure kits have right medication and are not expired. Remove protection caps, press injector firmly against lateral part of patients thigh, hold in place for 10 seconds, dispose of syringe, repeat steps if another drug, and reassess the patients vital signs and symptoms. 16. S&S of a. Amphetamines: restlessness, irritability, and talkativeness b. Barbiturates: breathing shallowly or not breathing at all c. Hallucinogens: may feel no pain, see and hear things that are no there. d. Abused Inhalants: drowsiness, unresponsiveness, and sometimes seizures. 17. Treatment of drug overdose: provide BLS, keep patient from hurting self or others, provide reassurance and psychological support, and arrange for prompt transport.

Patel 3 You Make the Call Scenario 1: Ok, ok, calm down. I need you to answer some questions so that I can help Sally, said the MRT. The mother seems to calm down slightly and says, Ok. What do you need to know? Sally is 8 years old right? And can you tell me what kinds of pills were in your cabinet? Yes she is. I am not sure the normal things? Alright, well she is really sleepy so I can rule out amphetamines. Did she say she was seeing anything weird or hearing anything you couldnt hear? No, she was just really tired looking and began to fall asleep. Ok, so no hallucinogens, was she sniffing markers, hand sanitizer, anything like that? No! She is a really good kid and I dont know what got into her today. The mother begins to sob. Alright, I believe you, I am sure it was an honest mistake but I need to see the medicine cabinet. She probably has a barbiturate in her system. It is important that I find out what it is she took. While I do that, can you please keep her awake? We dont want her to go into any kind of coma. The MRT sees that the Advil and Tylenol bottles are open and spilled over. She calls dispatch. We have a case of ingested poisoning, not carbon monoxide so we dont need anyone in SCBA gear. I am going to call National Poison Center now. I need prompt transport. The MRT goes back to the mother and patient. Your daughter has ingested toxic material, for her it is poison. I am going to call to find out what I should do. I will need your help and an ambulance is on the way. Ok, what do I have to do? The patient reaches the hospital in time. The MRT and the mother kept the patient stable enough until transport arrived.