Theory of Machines

3
MCQ 3.1
GATE Mechanical Engineering Topicwise Solved Paper by NODIA
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(C) 120
(D) 160
THeorY of MaCHines
MCQ 3.5
Year 2013 one marK
A flywheel connected to a punching machine has to supply energy of 400 Nm while running at a mean angular speed of 20 rad/s . If the total fluctuation of speed is not to exceed ! 2% , the mass moment of inertia of the flywheel in kg m2 is (A) 25 (B) 50 (C) 100 (D) 125 A single degree of freedom system having mass 1 kg and stiffness 10 kN/m initially at rest is subjected to an impulse force of magnitude 5 kN for 10-4 sec . The amplitude in mm of the resulting free vibration is (A) 0.5 (B) 1.0 (C) 5.0 (D) 10.0
Year 2012 one marK
A link OB is rotating with a constant angular velocity of 2 rad/s in counter clockwise direction and a block is sliding radially outward on it with an uniform velocity of 0.75 m/s with respect to the rod as shown in the figure. If OA = 1 m , the magnitude of the absolute acceleration of the block at location A in m/s2 is
MCQ 3.6
MCQ 3.7
(A) 3 (C) 5
MCQ 3.2
A planar closed kinematic chain is formed with rigid links PQ = 2.0 m , .in all revolute joints. The link to be with QR = 3.0 m, RS = 2.5 m and SP = 2.7 m o c . fixed to obtain a double rocker (rocker-rocker) mechanism is dia o n . (A) PQ (B) QR ww w (C) RS (D) SP If two nodes are observed at a frequency of 1800 rpm during whirling of a simply supported long slender rotating shaft, the first critical speed of the shaft in rpm is (A) 200 (B) 450 (C) 600 (D) 900
Year 2013 tWo marKs
MCQ 3.3
O N
A I D
(B) 4 (D) 6
The following are the data for two crossed helical gears used for speed reduction : Gear I : Pitch circle diameter in the plane of rotation 80 mm and helix angle 30c. Gear II : Pitch circle diameter in the plane of rotation 120 mm and helix angle 22.5c. If the input speed is 1440 rpm , the output speed in in rpm is . o c 900 (A) 1200 (B) ia. d (C) 875 .no (D) 720 A solid disc of radius r velocity w and angular acceleration a . The magnitude of the acceleration of the point of contact on the disc is (A) zero (B) ra (C) (r) 2 + (r2) 2 (D) rw 2 In the mechanism given below, if the angular velocity of the eccentric circular disc is 1 rad/s , the angular velocity (rad/s) of the follower link for the instant shown in the figure is (Note. All dimensions are in mm).
MCQ 3.8
O N
ww w rolls without slipping on a horizontal floor with angular
A I D
MCQ 3.9
MCQ 3.4
A compound gear train with gears P, Q, R and S has number of teeth 20 , 40 , 15 and 20 , respectively. Gears Q and R are mounted on the same shaft as shown in the figure below. The diameter of the gear Q is twice that of the gear R . If the module of the gear R is 2 mm , the center distance in mm between gears P and S is. (A) 0.05 (C) 5.0
MCQ 3.10
(B) 0.1 (D) 10.0
A circular solid disc of uniform thickness 20 mm , radius 200 mm and mass 20 kg , is used as a flywheel. If it rotates at 600 rpm , the kinetic energy of the flywheel, in Joules is
(A) 40
(B) 80
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(A) 395 (C) 1580
(B) 790 (D) 3160

MCQ 3.14
(A) 3 (C) 1
(B) 3 2 (D) 2 3
Year 2012 tWo marKs MCQ 3.11
A concentrated mass m is attached at the centre of a rod of length 2L as shown in the figure. The rod is kept in a horizontal equilibrium position by a spring of stiffness k . For very small amplitude of vibration, neglecting the weights of the rod and spring, the undamped natural frequency of the system is
A mass of 1 kg is attached to two identical springs each with stiffness k = 20 kN/m as shown in the figure. Under the frictionless conditions, the natural frequency of the system in Hz is close to
(A) (C)
k (B) m k (D) 2m
2k m 4k m
(A) 32 (C) 16
MCQ 3.15
(B) 23 (D) 11
Year 2011 one marK MCQ 3.12
A double-parallelogram mechanism is shown in the figure. Note that PQ is a single link. The mobility of the mechanism .inis
O N
ww w
.no
A I D
di o a.c
(B) 0 (D) 2
A disc of mass m is attached to a spring of stiffness k as shown in the figure The disc rolls without slipping on a horizontal surface. The natural frequency of vibration of the system is
(A) 1 2p (C) 1 2p
k (B) 1 w m 2p ww
2k (D) 1 3m 2p
O N
.no
A I D
di o. c . a in
2k m
3k 2m
Year 2010 one marK
(A) - 1 (C) 1
MCQ 3.16
Mobility of a statically indeterminate structure is (A) # - 1 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) $ 2 There are two points P and Q on a planar rigid body. The relative velocity between the two points (A) should always be along PQ (B) can be oriented along any direction (C) should always be perpendicular to PQ (D) should be along QP when the body undergoes pure translation Which of the following statements is INCORRECT ? (A) Grashofs rule states that for a planar crank-rocker four bar mechanism, the sum of the shortest and longest link lengths cannot be less than the sum of the remaining two link lengths (B) Inversions of a mechanism are created by fixing different links one at a time (C) Geneva mechanism is an intermittent motion device
MCQ 3.17
For the four-bar linkage shown in the figure, the angular velocity of link AB is 1 rad/s . The length of link CD is 1.5 times the length of link AB. In the configuration shown, the angular velocity of link CD in rad/s is
MCQ 3.18
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(D) Grueblers criterion assumes mobility of a planar mechanism to be one

MCQ 3.19
The natural frequency of a spring-mass system on earth is wn . The natural frequency of this system on the moon (g moon = g earth /6) is (A) wn (B) 0.408wn (C) 0.204wn (D) 0.167wn Tooth interference in an external involute spur gear pair can be reduced by (A) decreasing center distance between gear pair (B) decreasing module (C) decreasing pressure angle (D) increasing number of gear teeth
Year 2010 tWo marKs
MCQ 3.20
(A) 0 (C) 1.25
(B) 0.86 (D) 2.50
A simple quick return mechanism is shown in the figure. The forward to return ratio of the quick return mechanism is 2:1. If the radius of crank O1 P is 125 mm, then the distance d (in mm) between the crank centre to lever pivot centre point should be
MCQ 3.21
A mass m attached to a spring is subjected to a harmonic force as shown in figure The amplitude of the forced motion is observed to be 50 mm. The value of m (in kg) is
(A) 0.1 (C) 0.3

MCQ 3.22
O N
ww w
.no
A I D
di o. c . a in
(B) 1.0 (D) 0.5
O N
ww w
(A) 144.3 (C) 240.0
MCQ 3.25
.no
A I D
di o. c . a in
(B) 216.5 (D) 250.0
For the epicyclic gear arrangement shown in the figure w 2 = 100 rad/s clockwise (CW) and warm = 80 rad/s counter clockwise (CCW). The angular velocity w 5 (in rad/s) is
The rotor shaft of a large electric motor supported between short bearings at both the ends shows a deflection of 1.8 mm in the middle of the rotor. Assuming the rotor to be perfectly balanced and supported at knife edges at both the ends, the likely critical speed (in rpm) of the shaft is (A) 350 (B) 705 (C) 2810 (D) 4430
Year 2009 tWo marKs
(A) 0 (B) 140 CCW

MCQ 3.23
(B) 70 CW (D) 140 CW
MCQ 3.26
For the configuration shown, the angular velocity of link AB is 10 rad/s counterclockwise. The magnitude of the relative sliding velocity (in ms-1 ) of slider B with respect to rigid link CD is
An epicyclic gear train in shown schematically in the given figure. The run gear 2 on the input shaft is a 20 teeth external gear. The planet gear 3 is a 40 teeth external gear. The ring gear 5 is a 100 teeth internal gear. The ring gear 5 is fixed and the gear 2 is rotating at 60 rpm CCW (CCW=counter-clockwise and CW=clockwise).
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(A) 8 Hz (C) 12 Hz
MCQ 3.32
(B) 10 Hz (D) 14 Hz
The arm 4 attached to the output shaft will rotate at (A) 10 rpm CCW (B) 10 rpm CW (C) 12 rpm CW (D) 12 rpm CCW
MCQ 3.27
In a cam design, the rise motion is given by a simple harmonic motion (SHM ) s = h/2 ^1 cos (/)h where h is total rise, q is camshaft angle, b is the total angle of the rise interval . The jerk is given by (A) h c1 - cos m (B) h sin c m 2 2
3 2 (C) 2 h cos c m (D) - 3 h sin c m 2 2
An automotive engine weighing 240 kg is supported on four springs with linear characteristics. Each of the front two springs have a stiffness of 16 MN/m while the stiffness of each rear spring is 32 MN/m . The engine speed (in rpm), at which resonance is likely to occur, is (A) 6040 (B) 3020 (C) 1424 (D) 955 A vehicle suspension system consists of a spring and a damper. The stiffness of the spring is 3.6 kN/m and the damping constant of the damper is 400 Ns/m . If the mass is 50 kg , then the damping factor (d ) and damped natural frequency (fn), respectively, are .in o c (A) 0.471 and 1.19 Hz ia. (B) 0.471 and 7.48 Hz d (C) 0.666 and 1.35 Hz (D) 0.666 and 8.50 Hz .no
MCQ 3.33
MCQ 3.28
MCQ 3.29
ww w Match the approaches given below to perform stated kinematics/dynamics

analysis of machine. Analysis P. Q. R. S. Approach 1. 2. 3. 4. D Alemberts principle Grublers criterion Grashoffs law Kennedys theorem Continuous relative rotation Velocity and acceleration Mobility Dynamic-static analysis
D O
IA
A uniform rigid rod of mass m = 1 kg and length L = 1 m is hinged at its centre and laterally supported at one end by a spring of spring constant k = 300 N/m . The natural frequency wn in rad/s is (A) 10 (B) 20 (C) 30 (D) 40
Year 2007 one marK
MCQ 3.34
For an under damped harmonic oscillator, resonance .in o c (A) occurs when excitation frequency is a greater than undamped natural fre. di quency o .n w (B) occurs when excitation frequency is less than undamped natural frequency ww (C) occurs when excitation frequency is equal to undamped natural frequency (D) never occurs
Year 2007 tWo marKs
O N
A I D
MCQ 3.35
(A) P-1, Q-2, R-3, S-4 (C) P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-1
(B) P-3, Q-4, R-2, S-1 (D) P-4, Q-2, R-1, S-3
MCQ 3.36
The speed of an engine varies from 210 rad/s to 190 rad/s . During the cycle the change in kinetic energy is found to be 400 Nm . The inertia of the flywheel in kg/m2 is (A) 0.10 (B) 0.20 (C) 0.30 (D) 0.40 The input link O2 P of a four bar linkage is rotated at 2 rad/s in counter clockwise direction as shown below. The angular velocity of the coupler PQ in rad/s, at an instant when +O 4 O2 P = 180c, is
A planar mechanism has 8 links and 10 rotary joints. The number of degrees of freedom of the mechanism, using Grueblers criterion, is (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3
Year 2008 tWo marKs
MCQ 3.31
The natural frequency of the spring mass system shown in the figure is closest to
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(A) 4
MCQ 3.37
(B) 2 2 (C)1 (D) 1 2 The natural frequency of the system shown below is
MCQ 3.39
If the quick return ratio is 1 : 2, then the length of the crank in mm is (A) 250 (B) 250 3 (C) 500 (D) 500 3
MCQ 3.40
(A) (C)
MCQ 3.38
k (B) 2m
d .no The equation of motion of a w harmonic oscillator is given by w w d 2 x + 2 dx + 2 x = 0

dt2
n
2k (D) o.i c . m ia
and the initial conditions at t = 0 are x (0) = X, dx (0) = 0 . The amplitude of dt x (t) after n complete cycles is (A) Xe-2na k (B) Xe2na k
1 - 2 1 - 2
N
dt
k
D O
n
IA
n
The angular speed of PQ in rev/s when the block R attains maximum speed during forward stroke (stroke with slower speed) is (A) 1 (B) 2 3 3 (C) 2
YEAR 2006
k m 3k m
MCQ 3.41
d For a four-bar linkage in toggle position, no the value of mechanical advantage is . (A) 0.0 (B) 0.5 ww w (C) 1.0 (D) 3
The differential equation governing the vibrating system is
MCQ 3.42
O N
A I D
(D) 3
o. c . a
in
ONE MARK
(C) Xe-2n
1 - 2
(D) X
CCmmmon Dtta FFor Q33 Q. 34

A quick return mechanism is shown below. The crank OS is driven at 2 rev/s in counter-clockwise direction.
p + cx o + k (x y) = 0 (A) mx p y p) + c (x o y o) + kx = 0 (B) m (x p + c (x o y o) + kx = 0 (C) mx p y p) + c (x o y o) + k (x y) = 0 (D) m (x

MCQ 3.43
The number of inversion for a slider crank mechanism is (A) 6 (B) 5 (C) 4 (D) 3
YEAR 2006 TWO MARKS
MCQ 3.44
Match the item in columns I and II
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Column I P. Q. R. S. Addendum Instantaneous centre of velocity Section modulus Prime circle 1. 2. 3. 4. (B) (D)
Column II Cam Beam Linkage Gear P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1 P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-2 a flywheel then the ratio of 2 Cf 2 + Cf 2 + Cf 2 Cf ColumnII
MCQ 3.49
(A) P-4, Q-2, R-3, S-1 (C) P-3, Q-2, R-1, S-4
MCQ 3.45
If C f is the coefficient of speed fluctuation of wmax /wmin will be 1 2C f (B) (A) 1 + 2C f 1 + 2C f (C) (D) 1 2C f Match the items in columns I and II Column I P. Q. R. S. Higher Kinematic Pair Lower Kinemation Pair Quick Return Mechanism Mobility of a Linkage 1. 2. 3. 4.
MCQ 3.46
MCQ 3.50
What is the relation between the angular velocities of Gear 1 and Gear 4 ? (A) w1 w5 = 6 (B) w4 w5 = 6 w4 w5 w1 w5 (C) w1 w2 =b 2 l (D) w2 w5 = 8 w4 w5 3 w4 w5 9
(A) P-2, Q-6, R-4, S-3 (C) P-6, Q-2, R-5, S-3
MCQ 3.47
A machine of 250 kg mass is supported on springs of total stiffness 100 kN/m . Machine has an unbalanced rotating force of 350 N at speed of 3600 rpm . Assuming a damping factor of 0.15, the value of transmissibility ratio is (A) 0.0531 (B) 0.9922 (C) 0.0162 (D) 0.0028 In a four-bar linkage, S denotes the shortest link length, L is the longest link length, P and Q are the lengths of other two links. At least one of the three moving links will rotate by 360c if (A) S + L # P + Q (B) S + L > P + Q (C) S + P # L + Q (D) S + P > L + Q
D O
w ww d .no ia
5. in . o .c 6.
IA
Grublers Equation Line contact Eulers Equation Planar Shaper Surface contact
For w1 = 60 rpm clockwise (CW) when looked from the left, what is the angular velocity of the carrier and its direction so that Gear 4 rotates in counterclockwise (CCW)direction at twice the angular velocity of Gear 1 when looked from the left ? (A) 130 rpm, CW (B) 223 rpm, CCW (C) 256 rpm, CW (D) 156 rpm, CCW
(B) P-6, Q-2, R-4, S-1 (D) P-2, Q-6, R-5, S-1
MCQ 3.51
i CCmmmon Dtta FFor Q 51 and Q. 52 od: .n
A vibratory system consists ofw aw mass 12.5 kg , a spring of stiffness 1000 N/m , w and a dash-pot with damping coefficient of 15 Ns/m . The value of critical damping of the system is (A) 0.223 Ns/m (B) 17.88 Ns/m (C) 71.4 Ns/m (D) 223.6 Ns/m The value of logarithmic decrement is (A) 1.35 (C) 0.68 (B) 1.32 (D) 0.66
O N
A I D
o. c . a in
MCQ 3.52
MCQ 3.48
CCmmmon Dtta FFor Q 43 and Q. 44

A planetary gear train has four gears and one carrier. Angular velocities of the gears are w1, w2, w3 and w4 , respectively. The carrier rotates with angular velocity w5 .
MCQ 3.54
The number of degrees of freedom of a planar linkage with 8 links and 9 simple revolute joints is (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 There are four samples P, Q, R and S, with natural frequencies 64, 96, 128 and 256 Hz, respectively. They are mounted on test setups for conducting vibration experiments. If a loud pure note of frequency 144 Hz is produced by some instrument, which of the samples will show the most perceptible induced vibration? (A) P (B) Q (C) R (D) S
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MCQ 3.60
In a cam-follower mechanism, the follower needs to rise through 20 mm during 60c of cam rotation, the first 30c with a constant acceleration and then with a deceleration of the same magnitude. The initial and final speeds of the follower are zero. The cam rotates at a uniform speed of 300 rpm . The maximum speed of the follower is (A) 0.60 m/s (B) 1.20 m/s (C) 1.68 m/s (D) 2.40 m/s A rotating disc of 1 m diameter has two eccentric masses of 0.5 kg each at radii of 50 mm and 60 mm at angular positions of 0c and 150c, respectively. A balancing mass of 0.1 kg is to be used to balance the rotor. What is the radial position of the balancing mass ? (A) 50 mm (B) 120 mm (C) 150 mm (D) 280 mm In a spring-mass system, the mass is 0.1 kg and the stiffness of the spring is 1 kN/m . By introducing a damper, the frequency of oscillation is found to be 90% of the original value. What is the damping coefficient of the damper ? (A) 1.2 Ns/m (B) 3.4 Ns/m (C) 8.7 Ns/m (D) 12.0 Ns/m
MCQ 3.61
At the same instant, if the component of the force at joint A along AB is 30 N, then the magnitude of the joint reaction at O 2 (A) is zero (B) is 30 N (C) is 78 N (D) cannot be determined from the given data
YEAR 2004 ONE MARK
MCQ 3.56
For a mechanism shown below, the mechanical advantage for the given configuration is
MCQ 3.57
(A) 0 (C) 1.0

MCQ 3.62
(B) 0.5 (D) 3
CCmmmon Dtta FFor Q 58, 59, and Q. 60 n
An instantaneous configuration of a a four-bar mechanism, whose plane is hori.co i d zontal is shown in the figure below. no At this instant, the angular velocity and . w angular acceleration of link wO 2 A are w = 8 rad/s and a = 0 , respectively, and w the driving torque ( t ) is zero. The link O 2 A is balanced so that its centre of mass falls at O 2 .
O N
A I D
.i
A vibrating machine is isolated from the floor using springs. If the ratio of excitation frequency of vibration of machine to the natural frequency of the isolation system is equal to 0.5, then transmissibility ratio of isolation is (A) 1/2 (B) 3/4 (C) 4/3 (D) 2
TWO MARKS di o n . The figure below shows a planarw mechanism with single degree of freedom. The w w instant centre 24 for the given configuration is located at a position YEAR 2004
MCQ 3.63
O N
A I D
o. c . a in
(A) L (C) N
MCQ 3.58
(B) M (D) 3
Which kind of 4-bar mechanism is O 2 ABO 4 ? (A) Double-crank mechanism (B) Crank-rocker mechanism (C) Double-rocker mechanism (D) Parallelogram mechanism At the instant considered, what is the magnitude of the angular velocity of O 4 B ? (A) 1 rad/s (B) 3 rad/s (C) 8 rad/s (D) 64 rad/s 3
MCQ 3.64
In the figure shown, the relative velocity of link 1 with respect to link 2 is 12 m/sec . Link 2 rotates at a constant speed of 120 rpm. The magnitude of Coriolis component of acceleration of link 1 is
MCQ 3.59
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MCQ 3.68
A mass M , of 20 kg is attached to the free end of a steel cantilever beam of length 1000 mm having a cross-section of 25 # 25 mm. Assume the mass of the cantilever to be negligible and E steel = 200 GPa. If the lateral vibration of this system is critically damped using a viscous damper, then damping constant of the damper is
(A) 302 m/s2 (C) 906 m/s2

MCQ 3.65
(B) 604 m/s2 (D) 1208 m/s2 (A) 1250 Ns/m (C) 312.50 Ns/m (B) 625 Ns/m (D) 156.25 Ns/m
A uniform stiff rod of length 300 mm and having a weight of 300 N is pivoted at one end and connected to a spring at the other end. For keeping the rod vertical in a stable position the minimum value of spring constant k needed is
CCmmmon Dtta FFor Q 69 and Q. 70

A compacting machine shown in the figure below is used to create a desired thrust force by using a rack and pinion arrangement. The input gear is mounted on the motor shaft. The gears have involute teeth of 2 mm module.
(A) 300 N/m (C) 500 N/m

MCQ 3.66
Match the following P.
Type of Mechanism Q. Geneva Mechanism
O N
ww w
.no
A I D
di o. c . a in
1. 2. 3. 4.
(B) 400 N/m (D) 1000 N/m
Motion achieved Intermittent Motion Quick return Motion Simple Harmonic Motion Straight Line Motion
MCQ 3.69
O N
ww w
.no
A I D
di o. c . a in
Scott-Russel Mechanism
R. Off-set slider-crank Mechanism S. Scotch Yoke Mechanism (A) P-2 Q-3 R-1 S-4 (C) P-4 Q-1 R-2 S-3
MCQ 3.67
(B) P-3 Q-2 R-4 S-1 (D) P-4 Q-3 R-1 S-2 Degree of constraints 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Three Five Four Two Zero
Match the following with respect to spatial mechanisms. Types of Joint P. Revolute Q. Cylindrical R. Spherical
MCQ 3.70
If the drive efficiency is 80%, the torque required on the input shaft to create 1000 N output thrust is (A) 20 Nm (B) 25 Nm (C) 32 Nm (D) 50 Nm If the pressure angle of the rack is 20c, then force acting along the line of action between the rack and the gear teeth is (A) 250 N (B) 342 N (C) 532 N (D) 600 N
YEAR 2003 ONE MARK
(A) P-1 Q-3 R-3 (C) P-2 Q-3 R-1
(B) P-5 Q-4 R-3 (D) P-4 Q-5 R-3
MCQ 3.71
The mechanism used in a shaping machine is (A) a closed 4-bar chain having 4 revolute pairs
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(B) a closed 6-bar chain having 6 revolute pairs (C) a closed 4-bar chain having 2 revolute and 2 sliding pairs (D) an inversion of the single slider-crank chain
MCQ 3.72
(B) w (rB - rA) and direction opposite to the direction of motion of point B (C) w (rB - rA) and direction same as the direction of motion of point B (D) w (rB - rA) and direction being from O to Z
MCQ 3.77
The lengths of the links of a 4-bar linkage with revolute pairs are p, q, r, and s units. given that p < q < r < s . Which of these links should be the fixed one, for obtaining a double crank mechanism ? (A) link of length p (B) link of length q (C) link of length r (D) link of length s When a cylinder is located in a Vee-block, the number of degrees of freedom which are arrested is (A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 7 (D) 8
YEAR 2003 TWO MARKS
The acceleration of point B with respect to point A is a vector of magnitude (A) 0 (B) w (rB - rA) and direction same as the direction of motion of point B (C) w2 (rB - rA) and direction opposite to be direction of motion of point B (D) w2 (rB - rA) and direction being from Z to O The undamped natural frequency of oscillations of the bar about the hinge point is (A) 42.43 rad/s (B) 30 rad/s (C) 17.32 rad/s (D) 14.14 rad/s The damping coefficient in the vibration equation is given by (A) 500 Nms/rad (B) 500 N/(m/s) (C) 80 Nms/rad (D) 80 N/(m/s)
YEAR 2002
MCQ 3.73
MCQ 3.78
MCQ 3.79
MCQ 3.74
For a certain engine having an average speed of 1200 rpm, a flywheel approximated as a solid disc, is required for keeping the fluctuation of speed within 2% about the average speed. The fluctuation of kinetic energy per cycle is found to be 2 kJ. What is the least possible mass of the flywheel if its diameter is not to exceed 1 m ? (A) 40 kg (B) 51 kg (C) 62 kg (D) 73 kg
MCQ 3.75
.in o c A flexible rotor-shaft system comprises ia. of a 10 kg rotor disc placed in the midd o dle of a mass-less shaft of diameter .n 30 mm and length 500 mm between bearw ings (shaft is being taken mass-less as the equivalent mass of the shaft is inw w cluded in the rotor mass) mounted at the ends. The bearings are assumed to
simulate simply supported boundary conditions. The shaft is made of steel for which the value of E 2.1 # 1011 Pa. What is the critical speed of rotation of the shaft ? (A) 60 Hz (B) 90 Hz (C) 135 Hz (D) 180 Hz
O N
A I D
MCQ 3.80
The minimum number of links in a single degree-of-freedom planar mechanism with both higher and lower kinematic pairs is (A) 2 (B) 3 .in o c (C) 4 (D) a. 5
MCQ 3.81
di o n The Coriolis component of acceleration is present in w. w wturning pairs (A) 4 bar mechanisms with 4
(B) shape mechanism (C) slider-crank mechanism
YEAR 2002
O N
A I D
(D)
ONE MARK
scotch yoke mechanism

TWO MARKS
MCQ 3.82
CCmmmon Dtta FFor Q 76 and Q. 77 :

The circular disc shown in its plan view in the figure rotates in a plane parallel to the horizontal plane about the point O at a uniform angular velocity w . Two other points A and B are located on the line OZ at distances rA and rB from O respectively.
MCQ 3.83
If the length of the cantilever beam is halved, the natural frequency of the mass M at the end of this cantilever beam of negligible mass is increased by a factor of (A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 8
YEAR 2001
(D) 8
ONE MARK
MCQ 3.76
The velocity of Point B with respect to point A is a vector of magnitude (A) 0
For a spring-loaded roller follower driven with a disc cam, (A) the pressure angle should be larger during rise than that during return for ease of transmitting motion. (B) the pressure angle should be smaller during rise than that during return for ease of transmitting motion. (C) the pressure angle should be large during rise as well as during return for ease of transmitting motion. (D) the pressure angle does not affect the ease of transmitting motion.
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MCQ 3.84
In the figure shown, the spring deflects by d to position A (the equilibrium position) when a mass m is kept on it. During free vibration, the mass is at position B at some instant. The charge in potential energy of the spring mass system from position A to position B is
(A) (C) (A) 1 kx2 (B) 2 (C) 1 k (x + d) 2 (D) 2

MCQ 3.85
g (B) L g (D) (L cos a) *********
1 kx2 - mgx 2 1 kx2 + mgx 2
2g (L cos a) (g cos a) L
Which of the following statements is correct ? (A) Flywheel reduces speed fluctuations during a cycle for a constant load, but flywheel does not control the mean speed of the engine, if the load changes. (B) Flywheel does not reduce speed fluctuation during a cycle for a constant load, but flywheel does not control the mean speed of the engine, if the load changes. (C) Governor controls speed fluctuations during a cycle for a constant load, but governor does not control the mean speed .in of the engine, if the load changes. o c (D) Governor controls speed fluctuations ia. during a cycle for a constant load, and d o governor also controls the .mean n speed of the engine, if the load changes.
YEAR 2001
O N
ww w
A I D
TWO MARKS
O N
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.no
A I D
di o. c . a in
MCQ 3.86
The sun gear in the figure is driven clockwise at 100 rpm . The ring gear is held stationary. For the number of teeth shown on the gears, the arm rotates at
(A) zero (B) 20 rpm (C) 33.33 rpm (D) 66.67 rpm
MCQ 3.87
The assembly shown in the figure is composed of two massless rods of length L with two particles, each of mass m . The natural frequency of this assembly for small oscillations is
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SoLUtion
SOL 3.1
Option (C) is correct. Absolute acceleration of given link at location A is 2 2 ...(i) a = a radial + a tangential 2 2 Where aradial = w r = w # OA = 22 # 1 = 4 m/s2 atangential = 2vw = 2 # 0.75 # 2 = 3 m/s2 So that from equation (i), we get a = 4 2 + 3 2 = 5 m/s Option (B) is correct. For helical gears, speed ratio is given by cos b2 N1 = D 2 ...(i) # N2 D1 cos b1 N1 = 1440 rpm, D1 = 80 mm, D2 = 120 mm , b1 = 30c, b 2 = 22.5c Hence from Eq. (i) cos b1 cos 30c N = 80 N 2 = D1 # 1440 D2 cos b 2 # 1 120 # cos 22.5c # = 899.88 - 900 rpm
D S = Z S # D R ZR = 20 # 30 = 40 mm 15 Thus the centre distance between P and S is D dPS = DP + Q + DR + DS 2 2 2 2 = 15 + 30 + 15 + 20 = 80 mm Again

SOL 3.5
SOL 3.2
SOL 3.6
SOL 3.3
Option (C) is correct.
O N
ww w
.no
A I D
di o. c . a in
Option (A) is correct. We have E = 400 Nm , w = 20 rad/ sec , Cs = 0.04 The energy of flywheel is given by E = Iw 2 C s or I = E w 2 Cs 400 = 25 kgm2 = ^20h2 # 0.04 Option (C) is correct. Given m = 1 kg , k = 10 kN/m , u = 0 , F = 5 kN , t = 104 sec Here the time duration is very less. The acceleration is calculated by F = ma a = F = 5000 = 5000 m/ sec2 1 m Also from law of motion v = u + at .in o c . v = 0 + 5000 # 104 dia o .n = 0.5 m/ sec w w wthe Now equating the energies of system and spring by using conservation law. 1 1 2 2 mv = kx 2 2 2 1 # ^0.5h2 or x2 = mv = 10000 k 3 or x = 5 # 10 m = 5 mm
O N
A I D
As given in problem, a planer closed kinematic chain is shown in above figure. In given figure, if the link opposite to the shortest link, i.e. link RS = 2.5 m is fixed and the shortest link PQ is made a coupler, the other two links QR and SP would oscillate. The mechanism is known as rocker-rocker or double-rocker or double lever or oscillating-oscillating converter.
SOL 3.4
SOL 3.7
Option (B) is correct. We have ZP = 20 , ZQ = 40 , ZR = 15 , ZS = 20 , DQ = 2DR, mR = 2 mm module m R = D R ZR or DR = 2 # 15 = 30 mm and DQ = 2 # 30 = 60 mm Also or D P = Z P DQ ZQ DP = 20 # 60 = 30 mm 40

SOL 3.8
Option (A) is correct. Since two nodes are observed at frequency of 1800 rpm , therefore third critical speed of shaft f3 = 1800 rpm because two nodes can be observed only in 3 rd mode. The whirling frequency of shaft g f = # n 2 2 where n = Numbers of mode g For n = 1, f1 = 2 Therefore fn = n2 # f1 or f3 = 32 # f1 f or f1 = 3 2 = 1800 = 200 rpm 9 ]3g Option (D) is correct.
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Hence,
SOL 3.11
Option (D) is correct. For a very small amplitude of vibration.
K.E = 1 # ^0.4h # ^62.83h2 = 789.6 - 790 Joules . 2
For A solid disc of radius (r) as given in figure, rolls without slipping on a horizontal floor with angular velocity w and angular acceleration a . The magnitude of the acceleration of the point of contact ( A ) on the disc is only by centripetal acceleration because of no slip condition. v = wr ...(i) Differentiating Eq. (1) w.r.t. (t) dv = r d = r : d dv b dt = , dt = a l dt dt or, a = r : a Instantaneous velocity of point A is zero So at point A , Instantaneous tangential acceleration = zer Therefore only centripetal acceleration is there at point A . Centripetal acceleration = rw 2
From above figure change in length of spring (is very small so sin q - q) x = 2L sin q = 2Lq Mass moment of inertia of mass (m) about O is I = mL2 As no internal force acting on the system. So governing equation of motion from Newtons law of motion is, p + kx # 2L = 0 Iq p + k 2L q # 2L = 0 mL2 q 2 p + 4kL q = 0 q mL2 p + 4kq = 0 or q m 2 p + n Comparing general equation = 0 we have 2 = 4k & wn = in 4k wn m o. m c . Option (C) is correct. ia or,
SOL 3.9
Option (B) is correct. From similar DPQO and DSRO PQ = PO ...(i) .in o SR SO c .
O N
PQ =
ww
w.
A I D
ia
d ) 2 (25) 2 = 43.3 mm o50 n(
SOL 3.12
O N
ww
no w.
A I D
d
From Eq. (i)

SOL 3.10
43.3 = 50 5 SR SR = 43.5 # 5 = 4.33 mm 50
Velocity of Q = Velocity of R (situated at the same link) VQ = VR = SR # w = 4.33 # 1 = 4.33 m/s V Angular velocity of PQ . wPQ = Q = 4.33 = 0.1 rad/s 43.3 PQ Option (B) is correct. For flywheel K.E = 1 Iw 2 2 w = 2pN = 2 # p # 600 = 62.83 rad/s 60 60 I (for solid circular disk) = 1 mR2 = 1 # 20 # (0.2) 2 = 0.4 kg m2 2 2
Given that PQ is a single link. Hence : l = 5 , j = 5 , h = 1 It has been assumed that slipping is possible between the link l5 & l1 . From the kutzbach criterion for a plane mechanism, Numbers of degree of freedom or movability. n = 3 (l 1) 2j h = 3 (5 1) 2 # 5 1 = 1
SOL 3.13
Option (D) is correct.
Given wAB = 1 rad/ sec , lCD = 1.5lAB & lCD = 1.5 lAB Let angular velocity of link CD is wCD From angular velocity ratio theorem, wAB = lCD wCD lAB wCD = wAB # lAB = 1 # 1 = 2 rad/ sec 1.5 3 lCD
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SOL 3.14
Option (A) is correct. Given k = 20 kN/m , m = 1 kg From the Given spring mass system, springs are in parallel combination. So, keq = k + k = 2k Natural Frequency of spring mass system is, keq wn = m 2pfn = keq m fn = Natural Frequency in Hz. 2 # 20 # 1000 1
SOL 3.15
keq 2k = 1 = 1 fn = 1 2p m 2p m 2 # 3.14 = 200 = 31.84 Hz - 32 Hz 6.28 Option (C) is correct.
We know movability or degree of freedom is n = 3 (l 1) 2j h The mechanism shown in figure has six links and eight binary joints (because there are four ternary joints A, B, C & D , i.e. l = 6, j = 8 h = 0 So, n = 3 (6 1) 2 # 8 = 1 Therefore, when n = 1 or less, then there are redundant constraints in the chain, and it forms a statically indeterminate structure. So, From the Given options (A) satisfy the statically indeterminate structure n # - 1
SOL 3.17
q = x & x = rq n r .i ...(i) o c a. Total energy of the system remains diconstant. o .n to translatory motion So, due T.E. = K.E.w w w + K.E. due to rotary motion + P.E. of spring o2 + 1 kx2 o2 + 1 Iq T.E. = 1 mx 2 2 2 o2 + 1 Iq o2 + 1 kr2 q 2 From equation (i) x o o = rq = 1 mr2 q 2 2 2
2 o2 + 1 # 1 mr2 q o2 + 1 kr2 q 2 For a disc I = mr = 1 mr2 q 2 2 2 2 2 o2 + 1 kr2 q2 = Constant = 3 mr2 q 2 4
O N
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w respect to another point (relative velocity) Velocity of any point on a link wwith w on the same link is always perpendicular to the line joining these points on the configuration (or space) diagram. vQP = Relative velocity between P & Q = vP vQ always perpendicular to PQ.
SOL 3.18
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di o. c . a in
On differentiating above equation w.r.t. t , we get 3 mr2 (2qq 1 2 o) = 0 # op) + 2 kr (2qq 4 3 mr2 q p + kr2 q = 0 2 p + 2k q = 0 q 3m
2 = 2k & wn 3m
Option (A) is correct. According to Grashofs law For a four bar mechanism, the sum of the shortest and longest link lengths should not be greater than the sum of remaining two link lengths if there is to be continuous relative motion between the two links. l 4 + l2 $ l1 + l 3
wn =
2k 3m
SOL 3.19
SOL 3.16
Therefore, natural frequency of vibration of the system is, 2k fn = n = 1 2 2p 3m Option (A) is correct. Given figure shows the six bar mechanism.
Option (A) is correct. We know natural frequency of a spring mass system is, k ...(i) wn = m
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This equation (i) does not depend on the g and weight (W = mg) So, the natural frequency of a spring mass system is unchanged on the moon. Hence, it will remain wn , i.e. wmoon = wn
SOL 3.20
k - mw2 = FO A 100 50 # 103 10000m = 1000
3000 - m # (100) 2 =
SOL 3.22
Option ( D) is correct. When gear teeth are produced by a generating process, interference is automatically eliminated because the cutting tool removes the interfering portion of the flank. This effect is called undercutting. By undercutting the undercut tooth can be considerably weakened. So, interference can be reduced by using more teeth on the gear. However, if the gears are to transmit a given amount of power, more teeth can be used only by increasing the pitch diameter. Option (A) is correct.
& m = 0.1 kg
SOL 3.21
Given k = 3000 N/m , c = 0 , A = 50 mm , F (t) = 100 cos (100t) N wt = 100t It is a forced vibratory system. w = 100 n From the Newtons law, o.i c . p + kx = F ...(i) mx dia o n . And its general solution will w be, w w x = A cos wt dx = x k o = Aw sin wt where w = m dt
O N
A I D
Given Ni = No. of teeth for gear i , N2 = 20 , N 3 = 24 , N 4 = 32 , N5 = 80 , w2 = 100 rad/ sec (CW) warm = 80 rad/ sec (CCW) = 80 rad/ sec The table of the motion given below : Take CCW = ve and CW =+ ve S. Condition of Motion No.
1.
d2 x = x p = Aw2 cos wt dt2 Substitute these values in equation (i), we get mAw2 cos wt + kA cos wt = 100 cos (wt) mAw2 + kA = 100 Now substitute k = 3000 N/m , A = 0.05 m , in above equation, we get m # 0.05 # (100) 2 + 3000 # 0.05 = 100 5m + 1.5 = 1 m = 0.1 kg Alternate Method: We know that, in forced vibration amplitude is given by : FO ...(i) A = 2 2 k m w ^ h + (cw) Here, F (t) = 100 cos (100t), FO = 100 N , A = 50 mm = 50 # 103 m w = 100 rad/ sec , k = 3000 Nm1 , c = 0 So, from equation (i), we get A = FO 2 k mw
Arm a is fixed & Gear 0 2 rotates through + 1 revolution (CW) Gear 2 rotates through 0 + x revolution (CW)
O N
c Arm Gear ia. Compound d .no 2 w2 Gear 3 - 4, w w3 = w4 ww

+1 - N2 N3
A I D
o.
+x +y - x N2 N3 +y x + y y - x N2 N3
Revolution of elements in
Gear 5 w5 - N2 # N 4 N3 N5 - x N2 # N 4 N5 N3 +y y - x N2 # N 4 N5 N3
2. 3. 4.
Add + y revolutions to + y all elements Total motion. +y
Note. i.e.
Speed ratio =
Speed of driver = No.of teeth on driven Speed of driven No. of teeth on driver w1 = N2 w2 N1 From the table From the table From the table
Gear 3 & 4 mounted on same shaft, So w3 = w4 And warm = y y = 80 rad/ sec (CCW) x + y = w2 = 100 x = 100 ( 80) = 180 rad/ sec (CW) And w5 = y x # N2 # N 4 N5 N3
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= 80 180 # 20 # 32 = 140 rad/ sec 80 24 Negative sign shows the counter clockwise direction.
SOL 3.23
wc = 2pNc = 60 Nc = 60 2
Option (D) is correct. Let, vB is the velocity of slider B relative to link CD The crank length AB = 250 mm and velocity of slider B with respect to rigid link CD is simply velocity of B (because C is a fixed point). Hence, vB = (AB) # wAB = 250 # 103 # 10 = 2.5 m/ sec Alternate Method : From the given figure, direction of velocity of CD is perpendicular to link AB & direction of velocity of AB is parallel to link CD. So, direction of relative velocity of slider B with respect to C is in line with link BC. Hence vC = 0 Or vBC = vB vC = AB # wAB 0 = 0.025 # 10 = 2.5 m/ sec Option (D) is correct.
g d g d g 60 = 2 # 3.14
NC = Critical speed in rpm 9.81 0.0018
= 9.55 5450 = 704.981 - 705 rpm

SOL 3.26
Option (A) is correct. Given Z2 = 20 Teeth , Z 3 = 40 Teeth , Z5 = 100 Teeth , N5 = 0 , N2 = 60 rpm (CCW)
SOL 3.24
Given O1 P = r = 125 mm Forward to return ratio = 2 : 1 Time of cutting (forward) stroke We know that, = = 360 Time of return stroke Substitute the value of Forward to return ratio, we have 2 = 360 a a 1 2a = 360 a & a = 120c And angle RO1 O2 = a = 120c = 60c 2 2 Now we are to find the distance d between the crank centre to lever pivot centre point (O1 O2). From the DRO2 O1 sin a90c - a k = O1 R = r 2 O1 O 2 O1 O 2 sin (90c - 60c) = r O1 O 2 O1 O 2 = r = 125 = 250 mm sin 30c 1/2 Option (B) is correct. Given d = 1.8 mm = 0.0018 m The critical or whirling speed is given by,
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If gear 2 rotates in the CCW direction, then gear 3 rotates in the clockwise direction. Let, Arm 4 will rotate at N 4 rpm. The table of motions is given below. Take CCW =+ ve , CW = ve S. Condition of Motion No.
O N
w Sun ww Gear 2
N2
.no
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di o. c . a in
Planet Gear 3 N3 - Z2 Z3 - Z2 x Z3 +y y - x Z2 Z3
Revolution of elements Arm 4 Ring Gear 5 N4 0 0 +y +y N5 - Z2 # Z 3 Z3 Z5 - x Z2 Z5 +y y - x Z2 Z5
1. 2. 3. 4.
Arm fixed and sun gear 2 + 1 rotates + 1 rpm (CCW) Give + x rpm to gear 2 + x (CCW) Add + y revolutions to + y all elements Total motion. y+x
SOL 3.25
Speed of driver = No. of teeth on dirven Speed of driven No. of teeth on driver Ring gear 5 is fixed. So, N 5 = 0 From the table y - x Z 2 = 0 Z5 y = Z2 x = 20 x = x ...(i) 100 5 Z5 Note : Speed ratio = Given, N2 = 60 rpm (CCW) y + x = 60 From table
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x + x = 60 5
SOL 3.29
Option (B) is correct. Analysis P. Q. R. S. Continuous relative rotation Velocity and Acceleration Mobility Dynamic-static Analysis 3. 4. 2. 1. Approach Grashoff law Kennedys Theorem Grublers Criterion DAlemberts Principle
x = 10 # 5 = 50 rpm And from equation (i), y = 50 = 10 rpm (CCW) 5 From the table the arm will rotate at N 4 = y = 10 rpm (CCW)
SOL 3.27
So, correct pairs are P-3, Q-4, R-2, S-1

SOL 3.30
Option (A) is correct.
Option (B) is correct. From Grueblers criterion, the equation for degree of freedom is given by, n = 3 (l 1) 2j h ...(i) Given l = 8 and j = 10 , h = 0 from equation(i) n = 3 (8 1) 2 # 10 = 1 Option (B) is correct. Given m = 1.4 kg , k1 = 4000 N/m , k2 = 1600 N/m In the given system k1 & k2 are in parallel combination So, keq = k1 + k2 = 4000 + 1600 = 5600 N/m Natural frequency of spring mass system is given by, keq 5600 = 1 fn = 1 63.245 = 10.07 - 10 Hz = 1 2p m 2p # 2p 1.4 Option (D) is correct. Jerk is given by triple differentiation of s w.r.t. in t , . o 3 a.c Jerk =d s i 3 d dt .no w w m = h ;1 cos (t)E Given = t s = h c1 cos 2 2 w Differentiating above equation w.r.t. t , we get ds = h sin (t) 2= ' dt 1G Again Differentiating w.r.t. t , d 2 s = h 2 2 cos (t) 2 2 ; E dt2 Again Differentiating w.r.t. t , d 3 s = h 3 3 sin 2 3 dt3 Let w = 1 rad/ sec d 3 s = h 3 sin c m 2 3 dt3
SOL 3.31
Given k1 = k2 = 16 MN/m , k 3 = k 4 = 32 MN/m , m = 240 kg Here, k1 & k2 are the front two springs or k 3 and k 4 are the rear two springs. These 4 springs are parallel, So equivalent .instiffness o c .4 = 16 + 16 + 32 + 32 = 96 MN/m2 keq = k1 + k2 + k 3 iak d+ o .n We know at resonance w ww k w = wn = m
O N
2pN = 60 keq m
A I D
SOL 3.32
N = Engine speed in rpm
O N
A I D
SOL 3.28
6 keq N = 60 = 60 96 # 10 2p m 2p 240 = 60 # 102 # 40 = 6042.03 - 6040 rpm 2p Option (A) is correct. Given k = 3.6 kN/m , c = 400 Ns/m , m = 50 kg We know that, Natural Frequency k = 3.6 # 1000 = 8.485 rad/ sec ...(i) wn = m 50 And damping factor is given by, 400 d or e = c = c = cc 2 km 2 # 3.6 # 1000 # 50 400 = 0.471 = 2 # 424.26 Damping Natural frequency,
SOL 3.33
wd = 2pfd =
1 2 n 1 2 n

fd = d 2 8 . 485 2 2 n fd = 1 = 1 (0.471) = 1.19 Hz 2 # 2 # 3.14 #
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energy,
SOL 3.36
Given m = 1 kg , L = 1 m , k = 300 N/m We have to turn the rigid rod at an angle q about its hinged point, then rod moves upward at a distance x and also deflect in the opposite direction with the same amount. Let q is very very small and take tan q b q From DAOB , q = x & x = L q ...(i) 2 L/2 and q = wt & = ...(ii) By using the principal of energy conservation, 1 Iw2 + 1 kx2 = Constant 2 2 1 Iq o2 + 1 k L q 2 = c From equation (i) and (ii) 2 2 b2 l 1 Iq o2 + 1 L2 kq 2 = c .in 2 8 o c . On differentiating w.r.t. t , we get dia o .n 2 1 I 2qq kL w op o = + 2qq 0 ...(iii) 2 # 8 # ww For a rigid rod of length L & mass m , hinged at its centre, the moment of inertia, 2 I = mL 12 Substitute I in equation (iii), we get 2 2 op + kL qq o = 0 1 # mL # 2qq 2 12 4 p + 3k q = 0 ...(iv) q m Compare equation (iv) with the general equation, 2 p + n = 0
:
O N
A I D
DE = 1 I 6(w1) 2 (w2) 2@ 2 2E 2 # 400 800 I = = 0.10 kgm2 2 2 = 400 2 2 = # 20 6(1) (2) @ 6(210) (190) @ Option (C) is correct. Given, O 4 O2 P = 180c, wO P = 2 rad/sec The instantaneous centre diagram is given below, Let, velocity of point P on link O2 P is VP , VP = wO P # O2 P = wO P # (I12 I23) = 2a ...(i) And P is also a point on link QP , So, VP = wPQ # O 4 P = wPQ # (I13 I23) = wPQ # 2a ...(ii) Both the links O2 P and QP are runs at the same speed From equation (i) and (ii), we get 2a = wPQ # 2a or, wPQ = 1 rad/sec
2 2 2
O N
ww w
SOL 3.37
.no
A I D
di o. c . a in
So, we have
SOL 3.34
2 = 3k wn m
wn =
3k = m
3 # 300 = 30 rad/ sec 1 The springs, with stiffness k & k are in parallel combination. So their resultant 2 2 stiffness will be, k1 = k + k = k 2 2 As k1 & k are in series, so the resultant stiffness will be,
Option (C) is correct. For an under damped harmonic oscillator resonance occurs when excitation frequency is equal to the undamped natural frequency wd = wn Option (A) is correct. Given w1 = 210 rad/ sec , w2 = 190 rad/ sec , DE = 400 Nm As the speed of flywheel changes from w1 to w2 , the maximum fluctuation of
SOL 3.35

2 keq = k # k = k = k 2 k+k 2k The general equation of motion for undamped free vibration is given as, p + keq x = 0 mx p + k x = 0 mx 2 p + k x = 0 x 2m 2 p + wn Compare above equation with general equation x x = 0 , we get Natural frequency of the system is, k 2 = k & wn = wn 2m 2m
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xn + 1 = Amplitude after n cycles The amplitude of x (t) after n complete cycles is, end = X x (t)
SOL 3.39
x (t) = end # X = Xe
n2 1 2
From equation (iv)
Alternative : keq = k 2 We know, for a spring mass system, k/2 keq k wn = = = m m 2m Option (A) is correct. Given The equation of motion of a harmonic oscillator is d 2 x + 2 dx + 2 x = 0 ...(i) n n dt dt2 2 p + 2n x o + n x x = 0 Compare equation (i) with the general equation, .in o c p + cx o + kx = 0 dia. mx no . c k p o w = 0 x + x+ x m m ww c = 2 ...(ii) We get, n m
SOL 3.38
O N
A I D
& wn = c 2m # k m =
k = w2 , n m
k ...(iii) m
.in Given Quick return ratio = 1: 2 , OP = 500 mm o c Here OT = Length of the crank. We d see ia.that the angle b made by the forward o n .described stroke is greater than the angle a by the return stroke. w w Since the crank has uniform w angular speed, therefore Quick return ratio = Time of return stroke Time of cutting stroke a 1 = = 360 a 2
360 - a = 2a 3a = 360 a = 120c and Angle TOP = a = 120 = 60c 2 2 From the DTOP , cos a = OT = r 2 500 OP cos 60c = r 500 r = 500 # 1 = 250 mm 2
SOL 3.40
O N
A I D
From equation (ii) & (iii), x = Logarithmic decrement, d = ln a x1 k = x2
c 2 km
2pc ...(iv) 2 c2 cc 4 km 2 # 2 km = = ln a x1 k = 2 2 x2 (2 km ) (2 km ) 4km 4 2 km 2 = 1 2 x1 = e 2 1 x2 If system executes n cycles, the logarithmic decrement d can be written as d = 1 loge x1 n xn + 1 end = x1 xn + 1
2
OT = r
Where
x1 = amplitude at the starting position.
Option (B) is correct. We know that maximum speed during forward stroke occur when QR & QP are perpendicular. So, V = OS # wOS = PQ # wPQ V = rw 250 # 2 = 750 # wPQ wPQ = 500 = 2 rad/ sec 750 3
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SOL 3.41
Option (D) is correct.
R. S.
SOL 3.45
Section modulus Prime circle
2. 1.
Beam Cam
So correct pairs are, P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1 Option (D) is correct. The ratio of the maximum fluctuation of speed to the mean speed is called the coefficient of fluctuation of speed (C f ). Let, N1 & N2 = Maximum & Minimum speeds in r.p.m. during the cycle N = Mean speed in r.p.m. = N1 + N2 ...(i) 2 2 (N1 N2) N 1 N2 Therefore, from equation (i) C f = = N N1 + N 2 2 (w1 w2) = w1 w2 = w w1 + w2 2 (wmax wmin) w1 = wmax , C f = wmax + wmin w2 = wmin C f wmax + C f wmin = 2wmax 2wmin wmax (C f - 2) = wmin ( 2 C f ) wmax = (2 + C f ) = 2 + C f wmin 2 Cf Cf 2 Option (D) is correct. In this question pair or mechanism is related to contact & machine related to it. Hence,
SOL 3.46
theorem M.A = T4 = w 2 = RPD w4 T2 RPA from angular velocity ratio
Construct BlA and C lD perpendicular to the line PBC . Also, assign lables b and g to the acute angles made by the coupler. RPD = RClD = RCD sin RPA RBlA RBA sin R sin So, M.A. = T4 = 2 = CD T2 4 RBA sin When the mechanism is toggle,then b = 0c and 180c. So M.A = 3
SOL 3.42
Option (C) is correct. Assume any arbitrary relationship between the coordinates and their first o> y o. Also assume x > 0 and x o > 0. derivatives, say x > y and x A small displacement gives to the system towards the left direction. Mass m is n o.ivariable x and y . fixed, so only damper moves for both.the c Note that these forces are actingoin the negative direction. dia
D O
ww w .n
IA
Column I P.
Higher Kinematic Pair
Q. Lower Kinematic Pair S.

SOL 3.47
R. Quick Return Mechanism Mobility of a Linkage
O N
ww w
.no
A I D
di o. c . a
2. 6. 5. 1.
in Column II
Line Contact Surface Contact Shaper Grublers Equation
So correct pairs are, P-2, Q-6, R-5, S-1 Option (C) is correct. Given m = 250 kg , k = 100 kN/m , N = 3600 rpm , e = c = 0.15 cc w = 2pN = 2 # 3.14 # 3600 = 376.8 rad/ sec 60 60 Natural frequency of spring mass system, k = 100 # 1000 = 20 rad/ sec wn = m 250 w = 376.8 = 18.84 So, wn 20 2 1 + a 2 k F n T . R. = T = 22 2 F :1 a n k D + 92 n C 1 + (2 # 0.15 # 18.84) = 2 2 61 (18.84) @ + 62 # 0.15 # 18.84@2 1 + 31.945 32.945 = 0.0162 = = 2 125309 . + . 1 354 945 31 945 6 @ Option (A) is correct.
2
Differential equation governing the above system is, 2 dx dy F = m d x 2 c b dt dt l kx = 0 dt p + c (x o y o) + kx = 0 mx
SOL 3.43
Option (C) is correct. For a 4 bar slider crank mechanism, there are the number of links or inversions are 4. These different inversions are obtained by fixing different links once at a time for one inversion. Hence, the number of inversions for a slider crank mechanism is 4. Option (B) is correct. Column I P. Q. Addendum Instantaneous centre of velocity 4. 3. Column II Gear Linkage
SOL 3.48
SOL 3.44
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Page 113
Here P, Q, R, & S are the lengths of the links. According to Grashofs law : For a four bar mechanism, the sum of the shortest and longest link lengths should not be greater than the sum of remaining two link lengths, if there is to be continuous relative motion between the two links S + L G P + Q
CW = Clock wise direction (+ ve) (ii) Gear 2 & Gear 3 mounted on the same shaft (Compound Gears) N 2 = N 3 We know, w = 2pN , & w\ N 60 (x + y) y N1 - N5 = w1 w5 = Hence, w4 w5 N 4 - N5 y + x # Z1 Z 3 y Z2 Z 4 w1 - w5 = x = Z2 Z 4 w4 - w5 Z1 Z 3 Z 1 Z3 x# Z2 Z 4 w1 - w5 = 45 # 40 = 3 2 = 6 # w4 - w5 15 # 20 Option (D) is correct. Given w1 = 60 rpm (CW), w4 = 2 # 60 (CCW) = 120 rpm From the previous part, w1 - w5 = 6 w4 - w5 60 - w5 = 6 - 120 - w5 So, 60 - w5 = 720 6w5 w5 = 780 = 156 rpm 5 Negative sign show the counter clock wise direction. n So, w5 = 156 rpm , CCW o.i Option (D) is correct. dia o n Given m = 12.5 kg , k = 1000 N/m w,.c = 15 Ns/m w w Critical Damping, cc = 2m k = 2 km m On substituting the values, we get
SOL 3.52
SOL 3.49
SOL 3.50
. The table of motions is given Take CW =+ ve , CCW = ve wbelow. ww

S. Condition of Motion No. Revolution of elements Gear 4 N4 Z3 Z1 Z2 # Z 4 x Z1 Z 3 Z2 Z 4 +y Carrier N5 0 Gear 1 Compound Gear 2-3, N1 N2 = N3 - Z1 Z2 - x Z1 Z2 +y y - x Z1 Z2
O N
A I D
n i od o. c . a in
SOL 3.51
O N
A I D
.c
cc = 2 1000 # 12.5 = 223.6 Ns/m
1.
Carrier 5 is fixed + 1 & Gear 1 rotates + 1 rpm (CW) Gear 1 rotates through + x + x rpm (CW) Add + y revolutions + y to all elements Total motion. x+y
2. 3. 4. Note (i) i.e.
0 +y
y + x # Z1 Z 3 + y Z2 Z 4
SOL 3.53
Speed ratio =
Speed of driver = No. of teeth on driven Speed of driven No.of teeth on driver N1 = Z 2 N2 Z1
None of these We know logarithmic decrement, d = 2 2 ...(i) 1 And e = c = 15 = 0.0671 cc = 223.6 Ns/m cc 223.6 Now, from equation (i), we get d = 2 # 3.14 # 0.0671 = 0.422 1 (0.0671) 2 Option (C) is correct. Given l = 8 , j = 9 We know that, Degree of freedom, n = 3 (l 1) 2j = 3 (8 1) 2 # 9 = 3 Option (C) is correct. The speed of sound in air = 332 m/s For frequency of instrument of 144 Hz , length of sound wave
SOL 3.54
CCW = Counter clock wise direction (- ve)
Page 114
Page 115
LI = 332 = 2.30 m 144 For sample P of 64 Hz , LP = 332 = 5.1875 m 64 Q of 96 Hz LQ = 332 = 3.458 m 96 R of 128 Hz LR = 332 = 2.593 m 128 S of 250 Hz LS = 332 = 1.2968 m 256 Here, the length of sound wave of sample R (LR = 2.593 m) is most close to the length of sound wave of Instrument (LI = 2.30 m). Hence, sample R produce most perceptible induced vibration.
SOL 3.55
Balancing mass m = 0.1 kg Let disc rotates with uniform angular velocity w and x & y is the position of balancing mass along X & Y axis. Resolving the forces in the x -direction, we get SFx = 0 0.5 6 0.06 cos 30c + 0.05 cos 0c@ w2 = 0.1 # x # w2 0.5 # (- 0.00196) = 0.1x Fc = mrw2 x = 0.0098 m = 9.8 mm Similarly in y -direction, SFy = 0 0.5 (0.06 # sin 30c + 0.05 # sin 0) w2 = 0.1 # y # w2 0.5 # 0.03 = 0.1 # y y = 0.15 m = 150 mm Position of balancing mass is given by, r = x2 + y2 = ( 9.8) 2 + (150) 2 = 150.31 mm b 150 mm
SOL 3.57
Option (B) is correct. Given N = 300 r.p.m Angular velocity of cam, w = 2pN = 10p rad/ sec 60 Time taken to move 30c is, p 1 # 30 180 t = = 6 = 1 sec 10p 10 60 Now, Cam moves 30c with a constant acceleration & then with a deceleration, in end of first 30c rotation of the cam . so maximum speed of the follower is at the o c . covered is 10 mm , with initial velocity and during this 30c rotation the distance dia o .n u = 0. w From Newtons second law of motion, ww S = ut + 1 at2 2 2 0.01 = 0 + 1 # a #b 1 l 2 60
O N
A I D
2
Option (C) is correct. Given m = 0.1 kg , k = 1 kN/m Let, wd be the frequency of damped vibration & wn be the natural frequency of spring mass system. ...(i) Hence, wd = 90% of wn = 0.9wn (Given) Frequency of damped vibration wd = (1 2) n ...(ii) .in o c . From equation (i) and equation (ii), we get dia
.n (1 - 2) n = 0.9wn w w On squaring both the sides, w we get 1 - e2 = (0.9) 2 = 0.81 e2 = 1 0.81 = 0.19
e = 0.19 = 0.436 And Damping ratio is given by, e = c = c cc 2 km
SOL 3.58
O N
A I D
o
SOL 3.56
a = 0.01 # 2 # (60) = 72 m/ sec Maximum velocity, v max = u + at = 72 # 1 = 1.2 m/ sec 60 Option (C) is correct.
c = 2 km # e = 2 1000 # 0.1 # 0.436 = 8.72 Ns/m b 8.7 Ns/m
Option (B) is correct.
Given m1 = m2 = 0.5 kg , r1 = 0.05 m , r2 = 0.06 m
Page 116
Page 117
From the angular velocity ratio theorem. V24 = w4 # I24 I14 = w # I24 I12 144 w4 = I24 I12 # w = 8 = 144 # 8 = 3 rad/ sec 384 I24 I14 (240 + 144) # Option (D) is correct. From the given data the component of force at joint A along AO2 is necessary to find the joint reaction at O2 . So, it is not possible to find the magnitude of the joint reaction at O2 .
SOL 3.60
From Triangle ABC , AB = (100) 2 + (240) 2 = 67600 = 260 mm Length of shortest link l1 = 60 mm Length of longest link l 3 = 260 mm From the Grashofs law, l1 + l 3 $ l2 + l 4 60 + 260 $ 160 + 240 320 $ 400 So, l1 + l 3 < l2 + l 4 .in a complete revolution relative to Also, when the shortest link O2 A willomake c ia. other three links, if it satisfies thed Grashofs law. Such a link is known as crank. o n . The link O 4 B which makes aw partial rotation or oscillates is known as rocker. So, w crank rocker mechanism w is obtained. Here, O2 A = l1 = 60 mm is crank (fixed link) Adjacent link, O2 O 4 = 240 mm is fixed So, crank rocker mechanism will be obtained.
SOL 3.61
O N
A I D
Option (D) is correct. Mechanical advantage in the form of torque is given by, T w M.A. = output = input woutput Tinput Here output link is a slider, So, woutput = 0 Therefore, M.A. = 3 Option (C) is correct. .in o w c . Given = r = 0.5 wn dia o And due to isolation damping ratio, .n w w e = c = w 0 cc
SOL 3.62
SOL 3.59
Option (B) is correct. Let, w4 is the angular velocity of link O 4 B From the triangle ABC , tan q = 100 = 5 ...(i) 240 12 q = tan1 b 5 l = 22.62c 12 Also from the triangle O1 O2 A , tan q = O2 A O1 O 2 O1 O2 = O2 A = 60 = 144 mm 5 tan q 12
SOL 3.63
Option ( D) is correct. Given planar mechanism has degree of freedom, N = 1 and two infinite parallel lines meet at infinity. So, the instantaneous centre I24 will be at N , but for single degree of freedom, system moves only in one direction. Hence, I24 is located at infinity(3). Option (A) is correct. Given N2 = 120 rpm , v1 = 12 m/ sec So, coriolis component of the acceleration of link 1 is, c = 2w2 v1 = 2 # 2p # 120 # 12 = 301.44 m/s2 - 302 m/s2 a 12 60 Option (C) is correct.
We know the transmissibility ratio of isolation is given by, 2 1 + a 2 k n 1+0 T.R. = = = 1 =4 2 2 2 2 2 0.75 3 61 (0.5) @ + 0 :1 a n k D + 92 n C
O N
A I D
For isolation c = 0
SOL 3.64
SOL 3.65
Page 118
Page 119
Given l = 300 mm = 0.3 m , W = 300 N Let, rod is twisted to the left, through an angle q . From the similar triangle OCD & OAB , y tan q = = x 0.15 0.30 y If q is very very small, then tan q - q = = x 0.15 0.30 x = 0.30q and y = 0.15q ..(i) On taking moment about the hinged point O kx # 300 + W # y = 0 Wy y k = = 300 # a k = 1 = 0.5 N/mm 300x 300 x 2 y 0.15q in From equation (i) = = 500 N /. m o c x 0.30q a. Negative sign shows that the spring .no tends to move to the point B. w In magnitude, k = 500 N/m ww
SOL 3.66 SOL 3.69
4 (25 # 103) 4 I = b = = 3.25 # 108 m 4 12 12 Deflection of a cantilever, Loaded with a point load placed at the free end is, 3 20 # 9.81 # (1) 3 mgl3 = d = Wl = = 196.2 = 0.01 m 19500 3EI 3EI 3 # 200 # 109 # 3.25 # 108 g wn = = 9.81 = 31.32 rad/ sec 0.01 d Therefore, critical damping constant cc = 2 Mwn = 2 # 20 # 31.32 = 1252.8 Ns/m - 1250 Ns/m
Option (B) is correct.
Option (C) is correct. P. Q. R. S.
Types of Mechanisms Geneva Mechanism
O N
A I D
di
4. 1. 2. 3.
Motion Achieved Straight Line Motion Intermittent Motion Quick Return Mechanism Simple Harmonic Motion
O N
ww w
.no
A I D
di o. c . a in
Scott-Russel Mechanism Off-set slider-crank Mechanism Scotch Yoke Mechanism
So, correct pairs are, P-4, Q-1, R-2, S-3

SOL 3.67
Option (C) is correct. Types of Joint P. Q. R. Revolute Cylindrical Spherical 2. 3. 1. Degree of constraints Five Four Three
Let, Z is the number of teeth and motor rotates with an angular velocity w1 in clockwise direction & develops a torque T1 . Due to the rotation of motor, the gear 2 rotates in anti-clockwise direction & gear 3 rotates in clock wise direction with the same angular speed. Let, T2 is the torque developed by gear. Now, for two equal size big gears, (Pitch circle diameter) Module m = D = Z (No.of teeths) D = mZ = 2 # 80 = 160 mm (Due to rotation of gear 2 & gear 3 an equal force ( F ) is generated in the downward direction because teeth are same for both the gears) For equilibrium condition, we have Downward force = upward force F + F = 1000
So, correct pairs are P-2, Q-3, R-1

SOL 3.68
Option (A) is correct. Given M = 20 kg , l = 1000 mm = 1 m , A = 25 # 25 mm2 Esteel = 200 GPa = 200 # 109 Pa Mass moment of inertia of a square section is given by,
Page 120
Page 121
And
F = 500 N Power Output h = = 2 # T2 w2 T1 w1 Power Input
Output power is generated by the two gears 2 # bF # D l w2 2 ...(i) = T1 w1 We know velocity ratio is given by N1 = w1 = Z2 = 2N w2 Z1 60 N2 2 # bF # D l 2 Z From equation (i), h = # Z1 T1 2 T1 = F # D # b Z1 l = 500 # 0.160 # 20 = 25 Nm h 0.8 80 Z2
SOL 3.70
We clearly see from the figure that cylinder can either revolve about x -axis or slide along x -axis & all the motions are restricted. Hence, Number of degrees of freedom = 2 & movability includes the six degrees of freedom of the device as a whole, as the ground link were not fixed. So, 4 degrees of freedom are constrained or arrested.
SOL 3.74
di o n Given pressure angle f = 20 c,. FT = 500 N from previous question. w w From the given figure wew easily see that force action along the line of action is F .
From the triangle ABC , cos f = FT F F = FT = 500 = 532 N cos f cos 20c Option (D) is correct. A single slider crank chain is a modification of the basic four bar chain. It is find, that four inversions of a single slider crank chain are possible. From these four inversions, crank and slotted lever quick return motion mechanism is used in shaping machines, slotting machines and in rotary internal combustion engines. Option (A) is correct. Given p < q < r < s Double crank mechanism occurs, when the shortest link is fixed. From the given pairs p is the shortest link. So, link of length p should be fixed. Option (B) is correct.
O N
A I D
o. c . a in
SOL 3.75
Option (B) is correct. Given N = 1200 rpm , DE = 2 kJ = 2000 J , D = 1 m , Cs = 0.02 Mean angular speed of engine, w = 2pN = 2 # 3.14 # 1200 = 125.66 rad/ sec 60 60 Fluctuation of energy of the flywheel is given by, 2 For solid disc I = mR DE = Iw2 Cs = 1 mR2 w2 Cs 2 2 E = 2 # 2000 m = 2 2 1 2 R2 2 Cs 0.02 ^ 2 h # (125.66) # in . o 2000 = 50.66 kg - 51 kg = 4#2# a.c (125.66) 2 # 0.02 o di .n Option (B) is correct. w w0.03 m , l = 500 mm = 0.5 m , Given m = 10 kg , d = 30 mm = w Eshaft = 2.1 # 1011 Pa
O N
A I D
SOL 3.71
SOL 3.72
SOL 3.73
We know that, static deflection due to 10 kg of Mass at the centre is given by, 3 mgl 3 ...(i) d = Wl = 48EI 48EI The moment of inertia of the shaft, I = p d 4 = p (0.03) 4 = 3.974 # 108 m 4 ...(ii) 64 64 Substitute values in equation (i), we get 10 # 9.81 # (0.5) 3 d = 48 # 2.1 # 1011 # 3.974 # 108 = 12.2625 3 = 3.06 # 105 m 400.58 # 10 If wc is the critical or whirling speed in r.p.s. then, g g & 2pfc = wc = d d
Page 122
Page 123
SOL 3.76
g 1 9.81 fc = 1 = 2 2 # 3.14 3.06 # 105 9.81 = 90.16 Hz - 90 Hz = 1 6.28 30.6 # 106 Option (C) is correct. Given, the circular disc rotates about the point O at a uniform angular velocity w.
Let, the rigid slender bar twist downward at the angle q . Now spring & damper exert a force kx1 & cx 2 on the rigid bar in the upward direction. From similar triangle OAB & OCD , tan q = x2 = x1 0.4 0.5 Let q be very very small, then tan q - q , q = x 2 = x1 0.4 0.5 x2 = 0.4q or x1 = 0.5q ...(i) On differentiating the above equation, we get o or x o ...(ii) o1 = 0.5q o2 = 0.4q x We know, the moment of inertia of the bar hinged at the one end is, 2 10 (0.5)2 I = ml 1 = # = 0.833 kg m2 3 3 As no external force acting on the system. So, governing equation of motion from the Newtons law of motion is, p + cx o2 l2 + kx1 l1 + k q q = 0 Iq p + 500 # 0.4x o2 + 2000 # (0.5) x1 + 1000q = 0 0.833q p + 200x o2 + 1000x1 + 1000q = 0 ...(iii) 0.833q p + 200 # 0.4q o + 1000 # 0.5q + 1000q = 0 0.833q
SOL 3.77
Let vA is the linear velocity of point A & vB is the linear velocity of point B. vA = wrA and vB = wrB . Velocity of point B with respect to point A is given by, vBA = vB vA = wrB wrA = w (rB rA) From the given figure, rB > rA So, wrB > wrA .in o c vB > vA ia. d Therefore, relative velocity w (rn r o B A) in the direction of point B.
Option (D) is correct. ww Acceleration of point B with respect to point A is given by, aBA = wvBA = w # w (rB rA) = w2 (rB rA) ...(i) This equation (i) gives the value of centripetal acceleration which acts always towards the centre of rotation. So, aBA acts towards to O i.e. its direction from Z to O Option (A) is correct.
D O
w.
IA
SOL 3.79
We get, I = 0.833 , c = 80 , k = 1500 .no w So, undamped natural frequency ww of oscillations is given by 1500 = 1800.72 = 42.43 rad/ sec wn = k = 0.833 I Option (C) is correct. From the previous part of the question Damping coefficient, c = 80 Nms/rad Option (C) is correct. From the Kutzbach criterion the degree of freedom, n = 3 (l 1) 2j h For single degree of Freedom (n = 1), 1 = 3 (l 1) 2j h
p + 80q o + 1500q = 0 ...(iv) 0.833q On comparing equation (iv) with its general equation, .in o o p c . Iq + cq + kq = 0
O N
A I D
dia
SOL 3.78
SOL 3.80
3l - 2j - 4 - h = 0 ...(i) The simplest possible mechanisms of single degree of freedom is four-bar mechanism. For this mechanism j = 4 , h = 0 From equation (i), we have 3l - 2 # 4 - 4 - 0 = 0 & l = 4
SOL 3.81
Given m = 10 kg , k = 2 kN/m , c = 500 Ns/m , k q = 1 kN/m/rad l1 = 0.5 m , l2 = 0.4 m
Option (B) is correct. When a point on one link is sliding along another rotating link, such as in quick return motion mechanism, then the coriolis component of the acceleration must be calculated. Quick return motion mechanism is used in shaping machines, slotting machines and in rotary internal combustion engines.
Page 124
Page 125
SOL 3.82
Option (C) is correct. The deflection of a cantilever beam loaded at the free end is given by, MgL3 d = 3EI And natural frequency, g = 3EI3 ...(i) wn = d ML If the length of the cantilever beam is halved, then 3EI 8 b 3EI3 l wnl = 3 = L ML M #b l 2 From equation (i) wnl = 8 wn 8. So, natural frequency is increased by a factor
S. No. (i)
Condition of Motion Arm is fixed & sun gear rotates + 1 rpm (CW) Sun Gear rotates through + x rpm (CW) Add + y revolution to all elements Total Motion
Arm Sun Gear NS 0 +1
Planet Gear NP - ZS ZP - x ZS ZP +y
Ring Gear NG - ZS ZR - x ZS ZR +y y - x ZS ZR
SOL 3.83
Option (C) is correct. For a spring loaded roller follower driven with a disc cam, the pressure angle should be large during rise as well as during return for ease of transmitting motion. If pressure angle is large, then side thrust will be minimum. Pressure angles of up to about 30c to 35c are about the largest that can be used without causing difficulties. Option (B) is correct. Let initial length of the spring = L .in o c . Potential energy at A , dia o PEA = mg (L .nd) w ww and at B , PEB = mg kx2 6L (d + x)@ + 1 2 So, change in potential energy from position A to position B is TPEAB = PEB PEA = mgL mgd mgx + 1 kx2 mgL + mgd 2 TPEAB = 1 kx2 mgx 2 Option (A) is correct. The mean speed of the engine is controlled by the governor. If load increases then fluid supply increases by the governor and vice-versa. Flywheel stores the extra energy and delivers it when needed. So, Flywheel reduces speed fluctuations. Flywheel reduce speed fluctuations during a cycle for a constant load, but Flywheel does not control the mean speed bN = N1 + N2 l of the engine. 2 Option (B) is correct. First make the table for the motion of the gears. Take CW =+ ve , CCW = ve
(ii)
+x
SOL 3.84
O N
A I D
(iii) (iv)
+y
+y
SOL 3.85
Let Teethes and speed of the sum gear, planet .in gear and ring gear is represented o c by ZG , ZP , ZR and NG , NP , NR respectively. ia. d o Given sun gear is driven clockwise.n at 100 rpm . So, From the table w x + y = 100 ...(i) ww Ring gear is held stationary. From the table y - x Z S = 0 ZP y = x # 20 80 & x = 4y ...(ii) y = x 4 From equation on (i) and (ii) 4y + y = 100 y = 20 rpm
SOL 3.87
O N
A I D
+y x+y
y - x ZS ZP
Option (D) is correct. Give a small displacement q to the assembly. So assembly oscillates about its mean position.
SOL 3.86
Page 126
From this a restoring torque is acts along the line of oscillation. Net restoring torque, T = mg sin ( + ) # L mg sin ( ) # L T = mgL 6sin cos + cos sin sin cos + cos sin @ T = 2mgL cos sin For very small deflection q , sin q , q T = 2mgL cos Now from newtons law, p + T = 0 Iq
2
p + 2mgL cos = 0 I
2 2mL d + (2mgL cos ) = 0 .in dt2 o c . d 2 + g cos = 0 dia o L .n dt2 w 2w p+ On comparing with w n = 0 , we get g cos a 2 = wn L g cos a wn = L
O N
A I D
*********
I = mL2 + mL2

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