a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] sfdbf/x?

sf] nflu

On]S6Ll;og laifodf ;Lk ljsf; tfnLd k|bfg ug{ tfnLd k|bfosx?sf] nflu cfzokq tof/ ug]{ lgb{]lzsf
(LoI Preparation Guideline For Training Provider in Electrician Skill Development Training)

g]kfn ;/sf/ >d tyf /f]huf/ dGqfno

1

j}b]lzs /f]huf/ k|j4{g af]8{

j}b]lzs /f]huf/ k|j4{g af]8{sf] ;lrjfno

cgfdgu/, sf7df8f+}

!= k[i7e"ld M
d'n'sdf /f]huf/ ahf/ ck]lIft ?kdf lj:tf/ x'g g;s]sf] / t'ngfTds >d nfut / nfesf l;4fGt cg';f/ g]kfnLx? j}b]lzs /f]huf/tkm{ cfslif{t ePsf 5g\ . o;jf6 a]/f]huf/ ;d:of Go"gLs/0f ug]{ Pp6f cfsif{s ljsNksf] ?kdf j}b]lzs /f]huf/ b]vf k/]sf] 5 . xfn g]kfnjf6 b}lgs !%)) b]lv @))) o'jfx?j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] u/]sf 5g . h; cg';f/ @)&) sflQ{s d;fGt ;Dd sl/a #! nfvsf] xf/fxf/Ldf g]kfnL sfdbf/ ef/t afx]ssf d'n'sdf uPsf] cf+s8f 5 . o;}u/L aLgf >d :jLs[lt klg 7"nf] ;+Vofdf g]kfnL o'jfx? j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf ;+nUg /x]sf 5g . j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ljf6 g]kfnn] @)^(.)&) df s/Lj $)) cj{ ?k}of lak]|if0fsf] ?kdf k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . lak]|if0fn] u|fdL0f hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg tyf u/LjL / ef]sd/L 36fpg dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'ofPsf] b]lvG5 . d'n'ssf ;j} lhNnfjf6 w]/} yf]/} JolQmx? j}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsf] b]lvG5 . ;/sf/n] j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf nflu !)( d'n's v'nf u/]sf] ePtfklg dn]l;of, stf/, ;fpbL c/j, ;+o'Qm c/j Old/]6\;, s'j]t, ax/fOg, cf]dg / blIf0f sf]l/of d'Vo uGtJo d'n'ssf ?kdf /x]sf 5g . aflif{s >d ahf/df yk x'g] hgzlQm dWo] cbIf sfdbf/x?sf] ;+Vof pRr /xgfn] g]kfnsf] cGt/fli6o >d ahf/df k|ltikwf{Tds Ifdtf sdhf]/ agfPsf] 5 . o;jf6 sfdbf/x?sf] sfo{ :yndf hf]lvd a9fPsf] 5 . oltdfq xf]Og sfdbf/x? s/f/ eGbf km/s / vt/fo'Qm sfd ug{ jfWo ePsf 5g . xfn g]kfnL sfdbf/dWo] &% k|ltzt >lds cbIf ,@# k|ltzt cw{bIf / @ k|ltzt dfq bIf /x]sf] ljleGg cf+s8fn] b]vfPsf] 5 . oL dWo] s/Lj *) k|ltzt >lds @)#) jif{sf] pd]/sf] / &% k|ltztn] dfWolds lzIff ;d]t k'/f gu/]sf] b]lvG5 . clzlIft sfdbf/ x'g', ug'{ kg]{ sfdsf] jf/]df jf:tljs hfgsf/L gx'g]glng], d'n'sdf Jofj;flos / ;Lko'Qm hgzlQm pTkfbgsf] sfo{n] plrt dxTj kfpg g;s]sf], sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf nflu sfd;Fu ;DjlGwt tfnLdnfO{ clgjfo{ ug{ / Jojl:yt ug{ g;lsPsf] cj:yf klg 5 . kl/0ffdt clwsf+z g]kfnL sfdbf/ Labour, Helper, d];g, :sfkmf]lN8, Construction worker, Cleanerh:tf cbIf sfdbf/n] ug]{ sfddf hfg jfWo 5g . Psk6s j}b]lzs /f]huf/df uO{ kmls{{Psf sfdbf/x?sf] sf/0f s]xL cw{bIf sfdbf/ j[l4 ePsf 5g . oltdfq xf]Og pRr k|ltefo'Qm / bIf hgzlQmx? ;d]t k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf cg';f/ cj;/sf] vf]hLsf qmddf Ifdtf ljsf; / ;'ljwfo'Qm hLjgofkgsf nflu j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf cfslif{t ePsf 5g . t/ o:sf] lx:;f Hofb} Go"g 5 .
3

@=sfo{qmdsf] kl/ro M
O{n]sl6l;og(Electrician) eGgfn] ejg tyf Joj;foLs ejgx?df ljh'nL ;DjGwL sfd ug]{ sfo{nfO{ a'emfp5 . jfol/8= ug]{, ljh'nLaQL ;DjGwL ljleGg k|sf/sf] pks/0fx? h8fg, dd{t ;fy} pQm sfo{x?sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ nfut Oli6d]6x? tof/ ug]{ ;d]t kg{ cfpF5 . g]kfn / ljb]zdf ;d]t o:tf hgzlQmx?sf] 7"nf] ;+Vofdf cfjZostf b]lvG5 .

# sfo{qmdsf] p2]Zo M
o; tfnLd sfo{qmdsf] p2]Zox? lgDg adf]lhd /x]sf 5g\ . j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg rfxfg] o'jfx?nfO{ cfjZos Go"gtd ;Lksf] ljsf;df ;xof]u k'/\ofpg', slDtdf cw{bIf hgzlQm cfk"lt{ u/L sfdbf/sf] sfo{ Ifdtf / cfodf u'0ffTds ;'wf/ Nofpg', ;Lk l;s]/ dfq j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg' k5{ eGg] efjgf wf/0ffsf] ljsf;df 6]jf k'/\ofpg', hLjg pkof]uL ;Lk / ;'/lIft j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] ljifodf k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ cled'vLs/0f ug'{ .

$= sfo{qmdaf6 ck]lIft pknlAw M

o; sfo{qmdaf6 lgDg cg';f/sf pknlAwsf] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 . k|lzIffyL{x? 3/ tyf Joj;flos ejgx?df ;fwf/0ftof jfO{l/ nufpg] ;Lk ;DaGwL Jojxf/Ls bIftf k|fKt u/L cfkm} sfo{ ug{ ;Ifd x'g] 5g\ . hLjg pkof]uL ;Lk / j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] sfdbf/n] ug'{ kg]{ sfdsf] af/]df hfgsf/ x'g] 5g\ sfd cg';f/sf] cfDbfgL ;'lglZrt x'g] jftfj/0f tof/ x'g] 5 . ljleGg tflnd s]Gb|jf6 k|bfg ul/g] tflnddf Ps?ktf / k"0f{tf sfod ug'{ . ;'/lIft cfk|jf;gsf k|s[ofjf/] sfdbf/nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg / sfdbf/nfO{ dfgl;s ?kdf tof/ u/fO{ :jlg0f{o ug{ ;Ifd agfpg ;xof]u k'Ug] 5 . tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfx?sf] Ifdtf clej[l4df ;xof]u k'Ug hfg] 5 .

%= tfnLd ;+rfng Ifdtf / k|lzIffyL{ ;+Vof M

tfnLdk|bfos ;+:yfsf] Go"gtd %) b]lv @)) hgf;DdnfO{ @)&! ;fn j};fv d;fGt leq tfnLd k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf /x]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . tfnLd k|bfg ubf{ Ps ;d'xdf clwstd k|lzIffyL{ ;+Vof @% x'g]]5 . ;}4flGts sIffsf] nflu Ps ;d'x /
4

k|of]ufTds cEof;sf] nflu To;nfO{ b'O{ ;d'xdf sfo{qmd ;rf+ng ug'{ kg]{5 . Ps lbgdf Ps ;d'xsf] dfq tfnLd ;+rfng ug'{ kg]{5 .

^= tfnLd k|j]zsf] nflu k|lzIffyL{sf] Go"gtd dfkb08 M

tfnLd lngsf] nflu zf/Ll/s ?kdf tGb'?:t x'g'sf] ;fy} tnsf dfkb08 k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . !* aif{ pd]/ k'u]sf], g]kfnL gful/ssf] k|df0f kq jf /fxbfgL k|fKt u/]sf], ;fwf/0f n]vk9 ug{ ;Sg], k|of]ufTds tfnLdsf] nflu OR5's tyf k|lta4, j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfgsf nflu dfgl;s ?kdf tof/ eO{ cfjZos tof/L u/]sf] jf hfg rfx]sf],

&=tfnLd ;+rfng

;dofjlw M

tfnLdsf] cjlw hDdf !^) 306fsf] x'g]5 . h;dWo] sl/a @) k|ltzt ;}4flGts / *) k|ltzt k|of]ufTds cEof; u/fpg' kg]{5 . Ps lbgdf slDtdf ^ 306f tfnLd ;+rfng ug'{ kg]{ 5 .

*= k|lzIf0fsf] dfWod M
k|lzIf0fsf] dfWod d"ntM g]kfnL x'g]5 . k|lzIf0fdf k|of]u x'g] cf}hf/, pks/0f / k|fljlws zJbfjnLx? eg] rng rNtLdf /x]sf] h'g;'s} efiffdf x'g;Sg]5 . ;}4flGts kf7, k|of]ufTds cEof;, u/]/ b]vfpg] (Demonstration) / cf}Bf]lus cWoog e|d0f tfnLdsf cGo k|lzIf0f ljlw x'g]5g\ .

(=Go"gtd pkl:ytLsf] cfjZostf M

tfnLd cjlwsf] slDtdf () k|ltzt pkl:ylt ePsf k|lzIffyL{x?n] dfq tfnLddf ;xefuL ePsf] k|df0f kq k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .

!)=k|df0f kq ;DaGwL Joj:yf M

tfnLddf ;xefuLx?n] j}b]lzs /f]huf/ k|j4{g jf]8{ / tfnLd ;+rfng ug]{ ;+:yf4f/f ;+o'Qm ?kdf hf/L ul/Psf] k|df0fkq kfpg]5g\ . k|df0f kqsf] 9fFrf af]8{sf] ;lrjfnon] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .

!!= k|lzIffyL{sf] d"Nofg k|lqmof M

5

k|lzIffyL{x?sf] nuftf/ d"Nofg ljlw (Continuous Evaluation System) af6 ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] d"Nofg ug'{ kg]{5 . To;sf] cg'udg ;do ;dodf jf]8{sf] ;lrjfnon] ug]{5 . tfnLdsf] cGtdf jf]8{sf] ;lrjfnon] lnPsf] jf cfof]hgf u/]sf]kl/Iffdf pQL0f{ u/]kl5 dfq k|df0f kq k|bfg ul/g]5 . k|To]s kf7x?df ug'{ kg]{ nuftf/ d"Nofg ljlw (Continuous Evaluation System) sf] 9fFrf af]8{sf] ;lrjfnon] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g] 5 .

!@= sfo{zfnf, d]lzg, cf}hf/ tyf ;/;fdfgx? M

tfnLd ;+rfngsf] nflu tfnLd k|bfo ;+:yfdf tn pNn]lvt sfo{zfnf, d]lzg, cf}hf/ tyf ;/;fdfgx? Go"gtd ?kdf x'g' kg]{5 . cfjZos k/]df cGo yk ;fdu|Lx? klg ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .

!#= k|lzIfsx?sf] of]Uotf / ;+Vof M

sfo{qmd ;+rfngsf] nflu ! hgf d'Vo / ! hgf ;xfos k|lzIfs u/L hDdf @ hgf k|lzIfssf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . ltgLx?sf] of]Uotf / cg'ej lgDg adf]lhd x'g] 5 . hLjg pkof]uL ;Lk / j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ;DaGwL cltl/Qm k|lzIfssf] klg Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . d"Vo k|lzIfssf] of]Uotf / cg'ej M - k|fljlws P;=Pn=;L= plQ0f{ u/L # aif{sf] sfof{g'ej ePsf] jf P;=Pn=;L= pQL0f{ u/L ;DalGwt ljifodf Go"gtd # dlxgfsf] tfnLd lnO{ j}b]lzs /f]huf/df jf :jb]zdf % aif{sf] sfof{g'ej ePsf] . ;xfos k|lzIfssf] of]Uotf / cg'ej M - ;fwf/0f n]vk9 ug{ ;Sg], ;DalGwt ljifodf # dlxgfsf] tfnLd lnO{ j}b]lzs /f]huf/ jf :jb]zd} ;DalGwt ljifodf # aif{sf] sfof{g'ej ePsf] . cltl/Qm k|lzIfssf] of]Uotf / cg'ej M - hLjg pkof]uL ;Lk / j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljifodf k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tfnLd lnPsf] jf To; ljifosf] ljifo lj1 x'g' kg]{5 . !$= sfo{zfnf, d]zLg, cf}hf/ / ;/ ;fdfgsf] ljj/0f qm=;+= ljj/0f sfo{zfnf -@%'X #)'_ != @= Kf|lzIfsx?sf]] sfof{no !%) ju{ lkm6_
6

Kfl/df0f PsfO{ ! j6f ! j6f

s}lkmot

#= $= % ^ & * ( !) !! !@ !# !$ !% !^ !& !* !( @)= @!= @@ @# @$ @% @^ @& @* @( #) #! #@

;fdfu|Lx? /fVg] :6f]/ -!%) ju{ lkm6_ sIff sf]7f -@%) ju{ lkm6_
Hammer (small) Tester Screw Driver Multimeter Power board Cables (standard) Board (wooden) Wiring listi bulb holders Power socket Switches Fuse Bulbs Screws Wire cutter Pliers Skinning Pencil Skinning One way switch Two way switch Double pole main switch Earthing cable Ceiling rose Earthing plate Charcoal Salt Clamps Pipes Open ended Spinner
7

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j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f /f]n j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f j6f

cfjZotf cg';f/

!) !) !) % % % % !) % % % % % % % @

cfjZotf cg';f/ cfjZotf cg';f/ cfjZotf cg';f/

% $

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First Aid Box

j6f

gf]6 sfd / ;Lkx?nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ vr{ eP/ hfg] ;/;fdu|Lx? ;DalGwt ;+:yfx?n] kof{Kt dfqfdf pknJw u/fpg' kg]{5 .

!%= d'Vo sfo{ tyf ;Lkx?sf] ;+lIfKt ;"rL M

s|=;+=
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

sfd / lzkx?
Explain the concept of electricity Follow safety measures Identify/enumerate/handle tools and instruments Identify /draw electrical symbols and codes Calculate current/voltage/resistance Measure resistance using Ohmmeter Measure voltage using Voltmeters Measure current using Ampere meter Apply Voltage Divider Rule Construct series circuit for analysis Construct parallel circuit for analysis Construct series-parallel circuit for analysis Perform T joint of solid wire/cable Perform Married joint of solid wire/cable Perform Britannia joint of solid wire/cable Interpret electrical drawings Draw free hand plan/schematic diagram Draw layout diagram Draw wiring diagram. Install one lamp controlled from one point using T-connection and looping methods in wooden/plastic Listics Install three lamps and one Socket outlet (Receptacle) controlled by Individual Switches Install one lamp, one Fan and one Socket Controlled by Individual Switches Install stair-case wiring circuit switching on and off from ground floor and first floor (Two way switch controlled from two different positions) Install outdoor lighting in garden/ trees/' shrubs/ flowers/ decks/ walkways and existing (project work) Install / connect earthing electrode Lay PVC pipe for conceal wiring 8 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 1 0.5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

306fdf
;}wflGts k|of]ufTds
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5

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20

21 22

0.5 0.5

5 5

23

0.5

24 25 26

0.5 0.5 0.5

5 5 5

27

Design 3 phase circuit layout Life Skills: Self Awareness, Empathy, Effective Communication, Interpersonal Skill, Emotion management, Manage Stress, Creative Thinking, Critical thinking, Goal Setting, Employer-Employee Relation Foreign Employment Orientation hDdf k|ltztdf hDdf lbgdf

10

28 29

5 5 32 20

1 1 128 80

160 100 30

!^= 5gf]6sf nflu lgDg Criteria k'/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ 5 M s_ k|f/lDes Go"gtd Criteria M ;+:yf jfkmd{sf] btf{ O{hfht kq lnPsf], cBfjlws gljs/0f u/]sf],:yfoL n]vf GfDa/ lnPsf], d'=c=s/df clgjfo{ ?kdf btf{ ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . cf=j= )^(.)&) sf] s/ r'Stf u/]sf] k|df0f ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . v_ tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yf 5gf]6sf] dfkb08 lgDg cg';f/ x'g] 5 .

s|=;+=
! @ # $ % ^

ljj/0f
;fwf/0f cg'ej ;DjGwL d"Nof+sg ;dfg k|s[ltsf] tfnLd ;DkGgsf] cg'ej ;DjlGwt k|fljlws k|lzIfsx?sf] cj:yf ;+:yfsf] ljQLo cj:yfsf] ljj/0f cfjZos ef}lts k"jfwf/, pks/0f / cf}hf/ ;DjGwL ljj/0f

k"0f{f+s
!) #) @) @) !%

;DalGwt lhNnfdf btf{gljs/0f eO{ ljut sDtLdf % % aif{ b]lv :yfgLo :t/df tfnLd ;+rfng sfo{ u/L /x]sf] ;DalGwt lhNnfdf lgodfg';f/ zfvf vf]nL :yfgLo :t/df tfnLd k|bfg ug]{ sfo{df sfo{/t /x]sf] ;+:yfnfO{ klg o; cg';f/sf] c+s lbO{g] 5 _ hDdf !)) gf]6 M s'n k"0ff{ssf] %) k|ltzteGbf clwstd c+s k|fKt ug]{ ;+:yfnfO{ qmdz M5gf]6 ul/g] 5 .

tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yf 5gf]6sf] dfkb08sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f

9

!= tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f cg'ej ;DjGwL ljj/0f - k"0ff{s !)_ !=! ;+:yfsf] :yfkgf aif{ - k"0ff{s %, k|ltaif{ ! c+ssf b/n] c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5_ !=@ ljut kfFr aif{df ;+:yfn] u/]sf] cGo dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf; -tfnLd_ ;DjGwL ljj/0f -k"0ff{s %_ s|=;+= tfnLdsf] ljj/0f :yfg tfnLdsf] ;DkGg nfeflGjt tLgLx?sf] cjlw ePsf] ;+Vof /f]huf/Lsf] aif{ l:ylt ! )^%.)^^ @ )^^.)^& # )^&.)^* % )^*.)^( % )^(.)&) Gff]6 M !_ sfd u/]sf] k|ltaif{ ! c+ssf b/n] c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 . @_ tfnLd ;+rfng ;DjGwL cflwsfl/s k|dfl0ft sfuh k]z ePdf dfq c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 . @= ljut b'O{ aif{df ;dfg k|s[ltsf] tfnLd ;DkGgsf] cg'ej - k"0ff{s #)_ S|=;+= tfnLdsf] ljj/0f ;DkGg nfeflGjt tLgLx?sf] ePsf] ;+Vof /f]huf/Lsf] aif{ l:ylt ! )^*.)^( @ )^(.)&) Gff]6 M !_ sfd u/]sf] k|ltaif{ !% c+ssf b/n] c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 . @_ tfnLd ;+rfng ;DjGwL cflwsfl/s k|dfl0ft sfuhft k]z ePdf dfq c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 #= ;DjlGwt k|lzIfs k|fljlwsx?sf] cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f - k"0ff{s @)_ s|=;= k|lzIfssf] ljj/0f ! @ # Gff]6 M !_ k|lzIfs, ;xfos k|lzIfssf] b'j}sf] xsdf af]8{sf] ;lrjfnon] tf]s]sf] of]Uotf k'u]df %% c+s / sfd u/]sf] cjlwsf] k|ltaif{ !! c+ssf b/n] c+s|bfg ul/g] 5 . @_ k|lzIfs, ;xfos k|lzIfssf] lgo'lQm cg'ej ;DjGwL cflwsfl/s k|df0f kq k]z ePdf dfq c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 . $= ljut b'O{ aif{sf] tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] ljQLo cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f k"0ff{s @)_ s|=;= cf=j= Afflif{s 6g{cf]e/s}lkmot
10

:yfg

tfnLdsf] cjlw

;+Vof

cg"ej cjlw

cfjZos of]Uotf

s}lkmot

?=_ ! )^*)^( @ )^()&) Gff]6 M !_ k|ltaif{ !) c+ssf b/n] c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 . @_ ljut b'O{ cfly{s aif{df aflif{s n]vfkl/If0f u/]sf] k|ltj]bg jf s/ r'Stf k|df0f kqn] Go"gtd ?=!)- bz _ nfv d"No a/fa/s]f sfo{s|d ePsf] pNn]v u/]sf] cflwsfl/s k|dfl0ft sfuhft k]z ePdf dfq c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 . %= tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] cfjZos ef}lts k"jf{wf/ / cf}hf/ pks/0f ;DjGwL ljj/0f - k"0ff{s !%_ %=! cfjZos ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ;DjGwL ljj/0f - k"0ff{s &=%_ s|=;+= ljj/0f ! @ # $ % Gff]6 M !_ af]8{sf] ;lrjfnon] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] d'Vo ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf cfwf/df c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 .@_ vl/b u/]sf] eP aLnsf] / ef8fdf lnPsf] eP ;Demf}tf kqsf] cflwsfl/s k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk sfuhft ;+nUg ug'{ kg]{ 5 . %=@ cfjZos cf}hf/ pks/0f ;DjGwL ljj/0f - k"0ff{s &=%_ s|=;+= ljj/0f ! @ # $ % Gff]6 M !_ af]8{sf] ;lrjfnon] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] d'Vo cf}hf/ pks/0fsf cfwf/df c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 .@_ vl/b u/]sf] eP aLnsf] / ef8fdf lnPsf] eP ;Demf}tf kqsf] cflwsfl/s sfuhft k]z ePdf dfq c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 . ^= :yfgLo ;+:yf ePsf] ljj/0f - k"0ff{s %_
11

O{sfO

cfkm\gf] jf ef8fdf

s}lkmot

O{sfO

cfkm\gf] jf ef8fdf

s}lkmot

s|=;+= ;+:yf btf{ tfnLd gljs/0f ePsf] ;+rfng lhNnf / btf{ :yfglhNnf g+= ldlt

tfnLd ;+rfngsf] 6]8ljifox? / ;+Vofx?

tfnLd ;+rfng ul/Psf] aif{

s}lkmot

Gff]6 M !_ ;+:yf btf{gljs/0f / tfnLd ;+rfng :yfg ;dfg ePdf k|To]s aif{sf] tfnLd jfkt ! c+s u/L a9Ldf % c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 .@_ pNn]v ul/Psf] ljj/0fnfO{ k'li6 ug]{ k|dfl0ft sfuhft k]z ePdf dfq c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 .

cfzo kq k]z ug]{ gd"gf

>Ldfg\ sfo{sf/L lgb]{zsHo" j}b]lzs /f]huf/ k|j4{g af]8{sf] ;lrjfno cgfdgu/, sf7df08f}+ .

ljifo M cfzo kq k]z u/]sf] ;DjGwdf .

dxf]bo, k|:t't ljifodf txfF ;lrjfnosf] ldlt @)&).(. df ================klqsfdf k|sflzt cfzo kq k]z ug]{ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf adf]lhd lgDg ljj/0f v'nfO{ lgDg sfuhft ;+nUg /fvL ?=!) sf] l6s6 6f+;L tfnLd ;+rfng ug{sf nflu o;} ;fy cfzo kq k]z u/]sf] 5' . != tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] gfd M @= 7]ufgf / zfvf sfo{fno eP ;f]sf] klg 7]ufgf M #= cflwsfl/s ;Dks{ JolQmsf] gfd / ;Dks{ kmf]g g+=M $= tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] sfg"gL cj:yf
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o ;+:yf jf kmd{sf] btf{ O{hfht kq M o d'=c=s/df btf{ ePsf] k|df0f g+=M o :yfoL n]vf GfDa/ Mk|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk ^= tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo M &= ;+:yfsf] ;+u7gfTds 9f+rf s= ;+u7gfTds 9f+rf M v= sfo{fnosf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/ M s|=;+= ljj/0f O{sfO cfkm\gf] jf s}lkmot ef8fdf ! @ # $ *= sfo{ If]q -lhNnf, c+rn, ljsf; If]q_ M (= tfnLd k|bfg u/]sf] ljj/0f M ;DalGwt laifodf ljut b'O{ aif{sf] tfnLd k|bfg u/]sf] ljj/0f
:yfg s|=;+= tfnLdsf] gfd nfeflGjt ;DkGg ;+Vof aif{ /f]huf/L cj:yf -k|ltzt_ bft[ jf ;fdm]bf/sf] gfd

cGo dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf; -tfnLd_laifodf ljut k+fr aif{sf tfnLd k|bfg u/]sf] ljj/0f
:yfg s|=;+= tfnLdsf] gfd nfeflGjt TffnLd ;+Vof aif{ /f]huf/L cj:yf -k|ltzt_ bft[ jf ;fdm]bf/sf] gfd

tfnld k|bfos ;+:yfsf] dfgj ;+zfwg ;DaGwL ljj/0f s= ;+:yfsf] dfgj ;+zfwg Ifdtf ljj/0f s|=;+= Gfd lzIff cg"ej Kb s}lkmot
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gf]6 d'Vo sd{rf/Lx?sf] JolQmut ljj/0f cg';"rLdf ;+nUg ug{ kg]{ 5 . v= k|lzIfssf] ljj/0f
s|=;+= Gfd k|ljlws of]Uotf If}lzs cg"ej of]Uotf cjlw s}lkmot

tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] cfjZos tfnLds]f nflu ef}lts k"jf{wf/ / cf}hf/ pks/0f ;DjGwL ljj/0f s=cfjZos ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ;DjGwL ljj/0f
s|=;+= ljj/0f O{sfO cfkm\gf] jf ef8fdf s}lkmot

! @ # $ v= cfjZos cf}hf/ pks/0f ;DjGwL ljj/0f

s|=;+= ljj/0f O{sfO cfkm\gf] jf ef8fdf s}lkmot

! @ # tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] ljQLo cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f s|=;= cf=j= Afflif{s 6g{cf]e/s}lkmot ?=_ ! )^*.)^( @ )^(.)&) tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yf k|d'vsf] gfdM b:tvt M tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf]5fkM
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ldlt M M

;Dks{ g+= M

km\ofS; g+=

-gf]6 Mcfzo kq k]z x'g] 8s'd]G6sf] ;+/rgf o; k|sf/ x'g' kg]{5 . klxnf] v08 M kl/ro h:t} M ;+:yfsf] kl/ro, ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo, ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] cj:yf, dfgj ;+zfwgsf] ljj/0f,;+:yfsf] k|ult ljj/0fx?, btf{gljs/0f k|df0f kq, :yfoL n]vf g+= k|df0f kq, d'=c=s/ btf{ k|df0f kq, s/ r'Stf k|df0f kq, cGo cfjZos cfwf/e"t ljj/0f / sfuhftx? ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 . _ bf];|f] v08 M ljj/0f tyf k|df0fx? -cfzokq tof/ ug]{ lgb]{lzsf adf]lhdsf 9fFrfdf oyf{y ljj/0fx? / tL ljj/0fnfO{ k|dfl0ftk'li6 ug]{ sfuhftsf k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlkx? ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 ._ t];|f] v08 M cg';"rLx? - h:t} M k|aGw kqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk n]vf kl/If0f k|ltj]bg cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? a|f];/kmf]6f]x? cflb _o;df k]z x'g] ;a} sfuhftx?df tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yf k|d'v jf cflwsf/Ls JolQmsf] b:tvt / ;+:yfsf] 5fk nufpg' kg]{5 ;fy} k|df0fsf] ?kdf k]z x'g] sfuhftx? k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk x'g' kg]{5 .

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