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Fundamentals of Magnetism
CPD/WEB update February 22, 2009
Objectives
1. To investigate the magnetic field created by a current carrying conductor.
2. To investigate the force between a current carrying conductor and a static magnetic field.
3. To investigate the voltage induced across a conductor as the conductor moves through a
static magnetic field (or vice versa) and relate the observations to Faraday’s Law and Lenz’s
Law.
Equipment
1. 5V, 12V power supply,
2. 4 multimeters,
3. Compass,
4. Galvanometer,
5. Inner and outer coil,
6. Bar magnet,
7. 1 Steel rod,
8. Two or three 2 Ω power resistor, 25W,
9. 10 Ω power resistor, 25W,
10. Coil mounted on balance,
11. 100 Ω rheostat, 25W (a rheostat is a variable resistor),
1. Determine the direction of the force exerted on the conductor in Figure 6.1. Indicate the
direction on the small copy of Figure 6.1 on the summary sheet.
2. Determine the direction of forces exerted by the electromagnets in Figure 6.2 Indicate the
direction on the small copy of Figure 6.2 on the summary sheet.
N S
3. A conductor moves with a constant velocity in a magnetic field in the direction shown in
Figure 6.3. What is the polarity of the voltage measured at V. Indicate your answer on the
small copy of Figure 6.3 on the summary sheet.
4. What is the polarity of the voltage measured at V in Figure 6.4 when the switch, S, is suddenly
closed at time t = 0? What happens to the voltage if the number of turns in the right side coil
are doubled? Indicate your answer on the small copy of Figure 6.4 on the summary sheet.
+ –
V
S N
+ –
V
S
Motion of
Conductor
Figure 6.4 Voltage Induced on the
Figure 6.3 Voltage Induced on Conductor Secondary Coil
Experiment
It is the Summary section beginning at page 58 that will be completed and submitted for
evaluation. Only one report per group should be submitted. Be sure that all group members in
attendance are noted at the top of the summary sheet.
Important Safety Note : In this experiment you will use some power resistors and they will be
carrying a large current. Be very careful not to touch these resistors as they get very hot and you
could burn your fingers. For part 1 of the experiment, try to leave the power supply on for only
short periods of time. The resistors may become hot enough to scorch the wood.
Coil on
Balance
Magnet
the polarity of the leads connected to the supply are reversed? Verify your observations with
the left hand motor rule.
5V
10Ω
Coil on
Balance
Magnet
Answers to Preparation Questions: Mark the diagrams below in the same manner as you did in 34
the preparation section. For Marker’s
V use only
N S
S N
4
Motion of
Conductor
Figure 5.4
Figure 5.2 For Marker’s
use only
1. What happens as you move the compass around the lead carrying the current?
6
What do you notice about the relative strength of the earth’s magnetic field as compared
to the field generated around the lead you are using?
For Marker’s
2. In Part 2 of the Experiment, what is the difference in effect on the galvanometer needle of use only
What is the effect on the galvanometer needle of changing the speed of motion of the bar
magnet?
What happens when the north pole of the bar magnet is inserted in the opposite end (the
one with the terminals) of the coil? Why?
What happens when the coil moves relative to the stationary magnet? Why?
For Marker’s
3. In Part 3 of the Experiment, describe the voltage measured with the galvanometer when use only
the switch is pressed; describe the voltage measured when the switch is released. Explain
the reason for the needle movements. 6
For Marker’s
4. From Part 4 of the Experiment, carefully label the following diagram with magnet polarity, use only
Coil on
Balance
Magnet
For Marker’s
5. From Part 5 of the Experiment, carefully label the following diagram with magnet polarity, use only
direction of current flow and the direction of the force exerted on the conductor.
4
5V
10Ω
Coil on
Balance
Magnet