August 18, 2007 Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology of Roorkee, Roorkee MI 101 Thermodynamics

Tutorial No. 2 : Properties of Pure Substance

1. A rigid vessel of 3.0 m3 volume contains air at 196 kPa pressure and 15 C temperature. Some more air is pushed into the vessel ! a compressor until and pressure and temperature ecome 9"0 kPa and #0C$ respectivel!. %ind the mass of air pushed into the vessel assuming ideal gas ehaviour. A closed c!linder of 0.5 m inside diameter and 1.& m length contains o'!gen at #.5 atm. gauge pressure at &3C temperature. A num er of completel! evacuated containers$ each of 3.0 liter capacit!$ are to e filled (ith this o'!gen upto an a solute pressure of 1&0 kPa and &3C. )he containers are connected one ! one to the c!linder through a valve for this purpose. *eglecting and change in temperature during an! process$ determine the num er of containers (hich can e filled. )ake atm. pressure + 101.3& kPa. A closed vessel contains air at a temperature of #50 ,. )he molar specific volume is 0.0m3.,/mole$ 0etermine the pressure 1in ar2 in the vessel using 1i2 ideal gas e3uation and 1ii2 4an der 5aal6s e3uation 1iii2 7edlich/,(ong e3uation and 1iv2 Peng 7o inson e3uation. %or air$ take a + 135." k*/m# .1,/mole2& and + 0.0365 m3.,/mole. A gas collected over (ater at 300 , ecomes saturated (ith (ater vapours (hose partial pressure is &# mm 8g. )he volume and total pressure of the moist gas is 5.5 liter and -5# mm 8g. Calculate the volume (hich the dr! gas (ould occup! at a pressure of -60 mm 8g. 0efine and e'plain9 compressed or su /cooled li3uid state$ critical state$ triple point$ saturate vapour line$ 3ualit! of li3uid/vapour mi'ture and degree of superheat. Complete the follo(ing ta le for steam 9 t1C2 1a2 &00 1 2 <<<< 1c2 300 1d2 150 7. p1kPa2 <<<< 150 "00 <<<< '1:2 <<<< -5 <<<< 90 h1k;.kg2 "5&.# <<<< <<<< <<<< v1m3.kg2 <<<< <<<< <<<< <<<<

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)en kg steam at 0.5 =Pa and &50C is contained in a rigid copper vessel. >t is cooled ! am ient air. At (hat temperature (ill the steam ecome saturated vapour ? 5hat (ill e the 3ualit! of steam if its temperature reduces to -5C ? @ou (ant 10 liter per second 1lps2 of (ater at 30 C. Cold (ater is availa le at 10 C and dr! saturated steam at 1.5 ar. )hese are to e mi'ed directl!. 0etermine9 1a2 steam and (ater flo( rates re3uired$ 1 2 the pipe diameter$ if the mean velocit! is not to e'ceed & m.s. Steam at 1#.0 ar and dr!ness fraction of 0.95 undergoes pressure drop$ (ith constant enthalp!. Ase =ollier Chart to determine the final state of steam if the final pressure is 1a2 3.0 ar$ 1 2 0.5 ar. Steam at &0 ar 300C e'pands to a final pressure of 0.10 ar$ (ith constant entrop!. 0etermine$ using =ollier chart$ 1a2 final state of steam$ 1 2 the drop in specific enthalp!.

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