IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing,

PR China

IWA TG on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for WWTPs

Plant-wide modelling and simulation The importance of interfaces

13 September 2006 Beijing, PR China

Dr Ingmar Nopens Biomath, Ghent University Belgium

Dr Ingmar Nopens Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces 1

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Outline
Introduction Interface Copp et al. (2003) Performance of Copp interface Modified Copp interface for BSM2 Performance of modified Copp interface Conclusions
Dr Ingmar Nopens Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces 2

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Benchmark simulation model No. 2

Bypass Influent wastewater Effluent water Primary clarifier TSS 3% Activated sludge reactors Secondary clarifier

Thickener TSS 7%
ASM/ADM interface

Gas

Anaerobic digester H = 20d

Dewatering TSS 28% Sludge removal

ADM/ASM interface

Controllable flow rate

Additional loads
Dr Ingmar Nopens

Valve

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

ASM1 versus ADM1

Incompatible variable lists - ASM1:
Soluble: SS, SI, SO, SNO, SNH, Salk, SND Particulate: XS, XI, XP, XBH, XBA, XND

- ADM1:
Soluble: Ssu, Saa, Sfa, Sva, Sbu, Spro, Sac, Sh2, Sch4, SIC, SIN, SI, Scat, San Particulate: Xxc, Xch, Xpr, Xli, Xsu, Xaa, Xfa, Xc4, Xpro, Xac, Xh2, XI

Dr Ingmar Nopens

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

ASM1 versus ADM1

Example 1 - XBA: nitrifiers have no state variable in ADM1
Cell lysis / storage

Cell components? COD-fraction? N-fraction?

Dr Ingmar Nopens

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

ASM1 versus ADM1

Example 2 - ASM1 - Separate particulate COD and N: XS and XND - ADM1 - Composites, carbohydrates, proteins and lipids:
Xxc, Xch, Xpr, Xli

Dr Ingmar Nopens

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

ASM1 versus ADM1

Example 3 - ASM1 - Inerts: SI and XI - ADM1 - Some aerobic inerts can be anaerobically
degradable

PVR9

S I , ASM S I , ADM
Dr Ingmar Nopens

X I , ASM X I , ADM
7

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

Folie 7 PVR9
Peter Vanrolleghem; 03.09.2006

Deze staat hidden in de presentatie...

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

ASM1 versus ADM1

Interfaces needed to convert COD and N components
from ASM1 to ADM1 and vice versa

History: - Copp et al. (2003)

WEFTEC-paper

- Vanrolleghem et al. (2005)/ Volcke et al. (2006)

CBIM continuity based interface methodology Wat Sci Tech / Wat Res papers

Dr Ingmar Nopens

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Interface Copp et al. (2003): ASM-ADM

Mass balancing crucial Emphasis on COD and TKN Lump delump approach

Dr Ingmar Nopens

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Interface Copp et al. (2003): ASM-ADM

Step 1: COD-demand Step 2: SND, SS Step 3: SI Step 4: XI Step 5: COD
org-N
Dr Ingmar Nopens

SS, XS, XBH, XBA Saa, Ssu SI, Ssu XI, COD max. XC, Xch, Xli SIN
10

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Interface Copp et al. (2003): ADM-ASM

Dr Ingmar Nopens

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

11

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Outline
Introduction Interface Copp et al. (2003) Performance of Copp interface Modified Copp interface for BSM2 Performance of modified Copp interface Conclusions
Dr Ingmar Nopens Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

PVR10

12

Folie 12 PVR10
Peter Vanrolleghem; 03.09.2006

'k heb eventjes de outline er weer bijgehaald...

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Test cases
I N T E R F A C Secondary sludge E
Dr Ingmar Nopens

ADM1

PVR12

ASM1

Primary sludge

Anaerobic digester

I N T E R F A C E
13

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

Folie 13 PVR12
Peter Vanrolleghem; 03.09.2006

Eventjes duidelijk aangeven welke variabelen waar gebruikt worden ...

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

PV

Test cases: Copp interface output

PVR13

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 (S_Inert) (X_Inert) (X_ch) (S_aa) (S_IC) (S_INN) (X_c)

concentration

Copp-Primary Copp-Secondary

(S_an)

(X_pr)

(X_li)

state variables

Dr Ingmar Nopens

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

(S_cat)

14

Folie 14 PVR13 PVR14

Peter Vanrolleghem; 03.09.2006 Peter Vanrolleghem; 03.09.2006

Eenheid Concentratie ?

Ik heb er zo'n schemaatje bijgezet om duidelijk te maken waar de variabelen getoond worden (in welke toestandsvariabelen dus)

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Test cases: Primary sludge

30000 concentration (mg/L) 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 (S_I) (X_I) (S_O) (S_NO) (X_BH) (X_BA) (S_S) (X_S) (X_P) (S_ND) (S_NH) (S_ALK) (X_ND) inflow outflow

Lots of Inerts formed

state variable

Dr Ingmar Nopens

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

15

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Test cases: Secondary sludge

60000 concentration (mg/L) 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 (S_I) (S_O) (S_S) (S_NO) (X_I) (X_S) (X_BA) (S_ALK) (S_ND) (S_NH) (X_BH) (X_P) (X_ND) inflow outflow

Lots of Inerts formed

state variable
Dr Ingmar Nopens Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces 16

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Test cases: Gas production in digester

Primary p_ch4 (%) q_gas (m3/d) Methane production (kg/d) TSS (kg/m3) Methane production (kg CH4/kg TSS)
i1

Secondary 57 % 3903 1419 70 0.12

56 % PVR15 2184 758 29.41 0.15

Only 27% increase!

PVR16

Dr Ingmar Nopens

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

17

Folie 17 PVR15 PVR16 i1

Peter Vanrolleghem; 03.09.2006 Peter Vanrolleghem; 03.09.2006 ingmar; 05.09.2006

Ik denk dat de meesten het beter begrijpen als je de partieeldruk van methaan gewoon uitdrukt als percent... Wat is er verhoogd ? over welke variabelen heb je het ? x4 for kg COD (1kg CH4 = 4 kg COD)

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Modified Copp interface for BSM2

S1: COD-demand S2: SND, SS S3: SI S4: XI S5: COD org-N
hydrolysis

SS, XS, XBH, XBA Saa, Ssu SI, Ssu XI, COD max. XC, Xch, Xli SIN Saa, Ssu,Sfa
methane
18

XC
Dr Ingmar Nopens

Xpr,Xch, Xli XI

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Modified Copp interface for BSM2

S1: COD-demand S2: SND, SS S3: XND, XS S4: XBH, XBA S5: Salk SNH S6: SI XI, XP, XBH, XBA SS, XS, XBH, XBA Saa, Ssu Xpr, Xch, Xli Xpr, Xch, Xli SIC SIN SI XI

Dr Ingmar Nopens

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

19

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Test cases: Interface output (primary)

35 30 concentration 25 20 15 10 5 0 (S_Inert) (X_Inert) (S_an) (X_ch) (X_pr) (X_li) (S_INN) (S_cat) (S_IC) (S_aa) (X_c) Copp-Primary new-Primary

state variable
Dr Ingmar Nopens Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces 20

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Test cases: output digester (primary)

30000 concentration (mg/L) 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 (S_I) (S_O) (X_I) (X_S) (X_BA) (S_S) (S_NO) (S_ALK) (S_ND) (S_NH) (X_BH) (X_P) (X_ND) inflow outflow Copp outflow mod Copp

Less inerts More NH4

state variable

Dr Ingmar Nopens

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

21

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Test cases: Interface output (secondary)

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 (S_INN) (S_IC) (S_Inert) (X_Inert) (X_c) (X_ch) (S_aa) concentration Copp-secondary new-secondary

state variable
Dr Ingmar Nopens Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces 22

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Test cases: Output digester (secondary)

60000 concentration (mg/L) 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 (S_I) (S_O) (S_S) (S_NO) (X_I) (X_S) (X_BA) (S_ALK) (S_ND) (S_NH) (X_BH) (X_P) (X_ND) inflow outflow Copp outflow mod Copp

Less SI, more XI More SS

state variable

Dr Ingmar Nopens

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

(S_cat)

(X_pr)

(X_li)

(S_an)

23

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Test cases: Gas production in digester

PVR18

Primary Copp
PVR17

Primary Modified Copp 67 2630 1121 29.41 0.22

Secondary Copp
PVR23

Secondary Modified Copp

p_ch4 (%) q_gas (m3/d) Methane production (kg/d) TSS (kg/m3) Methane production (kg CH4/kg TSS)

56 2184 758 29.41 0.15

PVR19
Dr Ingmar Nopens Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces 24

Folie 24 PVR17 PVR18 PVR19 PVR23

Peter Vanrolleghem; 03.09.2006 Peter Vanrolleghem; 03.09.2006 Peter Vanrolleghem; 03.09.2006 Peter Vanrolleghem; 03.09.2006

Opnieuw in % gezet

'k Heb alles gecentreerd. Ziet er beter uit Weet nog niet waarje 't over hebt. Heb dit geanimeerd: anders zitten ze toch al de kolommen van de secondary sludge ook te lezen...

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Test cases: Gas production in digester

PVR21

Primary Copp
PVR20

Primary Modified Copp 67 2630 1121 29.41 0.22

Secondary Copp 57 3903 1419 70 0.122

Secondary Modified Copp 65 3033 1254 70 0.107

p_ch4 (%) q_gas (m3/d) Methane production (kg/d) TSS (kg/m3) Methane production (kg CH4/kg TSS)

56 2184 758 29.41 0.15

112% increase! More realistic

Dr Ingmar Nopens Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

PVR22
25

Folie 25 PVR20 PVR21 PVR22

Peter Vanrolleghem; 03.09.2006 Peter Vanrolleghem; 03.09.2006 Peter Vanrolleghem; 03.09.2006

Opnieuw in % gezet

'k Heb alles gecentreerd. Ziet er beter uit Weet nog niet waarje 't over hebt.

IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants IWA2006 Workshop, 13 September 2006, Beijing, PR China

Conclusions
Interface is crucial for BSM2 Copp interface had drawbacks Modified Copp interface allows for - using 1 interface for different inflows to digester - more realistic gas production - less inerts - faster kinetics

Dr Ingmar Nopens

Plant-wide modelling and simulation - The importance of interfaces

26