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CPRF
of the numerical calculation is 0.62.
The Jumeirah Lake Tower is situated in Dubai, U.A.E. A first study of different
foundation systems has been evaluated for:
pile foundation
combined pile-raft-foundation
The ground and groundwater conditions were explored by boreholes up to a
depth of 75 m. Up to a depth of 8 m beneath the surface dense sand was en-
countered underlying by weak sandstone, which reaches a depth of 24 m be-
neath ground surface. In depth of > 24 m weak siltstone was encountered.
The groundwater level is approx. 2 m beneath the surface.
The maximum settlements of the building on piles add up to 4.5 cm. The maxi-
mum settlements of the building on CPRF add up to 6.9 cm.
o oo o
The presentation on foundation design shows customary foundation systems for
high-rise buildings such as raft and pile foundation. In addition the foundation
system of combined pile-raft-foundation is introduced. For all three foundation
systems the required proof of the ultimate limit and serviceability limit state has
been presented.
However, the choice of the adequate system is often not depending on the proof
of the ultimate limit state (e.g. base failure, etc.). A raft foundation suits often the
according required factors of safety. But the serviceability of the high-rise build-
ing and / or neighbouring structures can often not be guaranteed by a raft foun-
dation.
For this, pile foundations have been constructed to reduce the settlements and
to satisfy the ultimate limit state and what is more the serviceability. The calculai-
ton of the pile foundation is an idealisation, where only the piles carry the loads
of the structure. This does not reflect the realistic behaviour.
Where piles are primarily used to reduce settlements (satisfy the serviceability)
and where an adequate factor of safety against failure (e.g. base failure) is pro-
vided, the combined pile-raft-foundation (CPRF) has been put forward in the
past. In this case the loads of the structure are transferred into the ground by
piles and raft. This approach is able to reflect the realistic soil-structure-
behaviour. Calculations can be carried out with numerical methods, such as the
Finite-Element-Method. This successful design and construction has been veri-
fied by many structures including many high-rise buildings and bridges.