MUTHAYAMMAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE RASIPURAM - 637408

CREDIT CARD SECURITY USING NANOTECHNOLOGY

PRESENTED BY

A.Shri Abinaya S.Vaishali Pre final year cse

email:shriabinaya2014@gmail.com

SYNOPSIS:
INTRODUCTION o NANOTECHNOLOGY o HISTORY AND REVOLUTION RAPID PROCESS o FEATURES OF NANOCHIP WORKING ADVANTAGES CONCLUSION REFERENCE

CREDIT CARD SECURITY USING NANOTECHNOLOGY

ABSTRACT: Nanotechnology is a relatively new field of research and scientific development. The term "nanotechnology" has evolved over the years via terminology drift to mean "anything smaller than micro technology". Nanotechnology is the development and practical applications of str ct res and devices on a nanos a!" !between and 1 and 100 nanometers". Nanotechnology describes the creation tilisation of f nctional materials# and systems with si$e novel or on devices either

detailed wor&ings of h man# and other bodies are often on the nanoscale. +eing able to wor& % and correct % at this level is far more attractive and can be m ch more effective than applying e*ternal factors s ch as s rgery or pharmace ticals. + t at the same time nanoscale weapons can be generated as a means to mass destr ction. This paper presents one of the beneficial characteristics of this technology. 's the saying goes that the world has become a ,-./+'. 0)..'-12 where in c rrency plays the ma(or and vital role. 3redit cards are now e*tensibly sed as means of e*changing c rrency and it has shr n&en the world still f rther. + t the ma(or drawbac& of sing credit cards is# the mis se of it thro gh vario s means li&e# d plication of the card where in the code ni4 e to a card might be copied. The traditional smart card magnetic strips prone to mis se easily. The sed# are se of a

f nctions and properties that are based on geometrical material%specific pec liarities of nano% str ct res. Nanoscience is an #n$"%&#s #'!#na%( )#"!& that see&s to bring abo t mat re nanotechnology. 's every other scientific invention or technology# this field also has been s b(ect to a debate over its benefits and ris&s. )n the medical field alone# for e*ample# nanomedicine can be a great help to conventional medicine. The

nanotechnolgy based microchip may co nter this attac& beca se it is diffic lt to sim late the position of atoms on a nanoscale and it cannot be modified. This ma&es it a very promising and reliable paradigm and will emerge

s ccessf lly over time. 'lso the cost of man fact ring s ch chips will decrease over time beca se of its e*tremely

small si$e. This technology will ma&e life more easier in a sec re and reliable way.

INTRODUCTION
NANOTECHNOLOGY: Nanotechnology is defined in the /*ford 1nglish 5ictionary as "the branch of technology that deals with dimensions and tolerances of less than 100 nanometres# esp. the manip lation of individ al atoms and molec les." ' nanometer is one billionth !one% tho sand millionth" of a meter. ' brea&thro gh technology is one that brea&s thro gh the dam of conventional wisdom and slow progress# opening p prospects for transformative change. This holds tr e for nanotechnology6s claim to novelty. The emerging fields of nanoscience and nanoengineering % the ability to manip late and move matter % are leading to nprecedented nderstanding and control over the f ndamental b ilding bloc&s of all physical things.

These developments are li&ely to change the way almost everything % from vaccines to comp ters to a tomobile tyres to ob(ects not yet imagined. Nanotechnology is the b ilder7s new frontier and its potential impact is compelling. /ne might as&# 7what e*actly are the potential ses of nanotechnology87 )n the limited n mber of years that nanotechnology has been considered possible# a plethora of answers to this 4 estion have been presented. 9ossible answers incl de 4 ant m comp ters# long%term life preservation and virt ally everything in between. 'nd one of the possible applications that emerged d e to this field is C%"&#$ a%& )%a*& '%"+"n$#on wherein assembly of nano% particles at a nanoscale prevents all fra d lent activities there by ens ring more reliability. Not only credit cards# all smart cards can se this technology.

:ig re 1: 1*amples of certain nano%b ilt applications

:ig re 2 depicts a pictorial comparison of images at macro# micro and nano levels.

:ig re 2: 3omparison of nat ral things

THE

NANOTECHNOLOGY:

)n the late 1<?07s# E%# D%"6!"% began to invent what wo ld become molec lar man fact ring. >e 4 ic&ly

HISTORY AND RE,OLUTION The fo ndations of

reali$ed that molec lar machines co ld control the chemical man fact re of comple* prod cts# incl ding additional man fact ring systems%which wo ld be a very powerf l technology. 5re*ler p blished scientific papers beginning in 1<@1. )n 1<<2 5re*ler p blished Nanosystems# a technical wor& o tlining a way to man fact re e*tremely high% performance machines. 1ach ind strial revol tion mar&ed a ma(or changeA a big step in social# political# and economic history. :)-: 1B)CT)N- 3D15)T3'D5C

nanotechnology have emerged over many decades of research in many different fields. 3omp ter circ its have been getting smaller. 3hemicals have been getting more comple*. +iochemists have learned more abo t how to st dy and control the molec lar basis of organisms. ;echanical engineering has been getting more precise. )n 1<=<# the great physicist R# -a%& ."(n/an s ggested that it sho ld be possible to b ild machines small eno gh to man fact re ob(ects with atomic precision. >is tal&# 0T-"%"1s P!"n$( o) Roo/ a$ $-" Bo$$o/20 is widely considered to be the foreshadowing of nanotechnology. co ld be stored with ama$ing density. The word ,nanotechnology2 was first sed in 1<?4 by P%o)3 No%#o Tan#4* -# of To5(o S #"n " Un#+"%s#$( to describe precision micromachining. 'mong other things# he predicted that information

RAPID PROGRESS:
1conomic disr ption from an ab ndance of cheap prod cts 1conomic oppression from artificially inflated prices 9ersonal ris& from criminal or terrorist se 3onstant intr sive s rveillance /ppression restrictions Cocial disr ption from new prod ctsElifestyles Fnstable arms race leading to war 3ollective environmental damage from nreg lated prod cts +lac& ris&s" 3ompeting nanotechnology programs !increases other ris&s" mar&et in molec lar man fact ring !increases other from ab sive

."a$*%"s Nano -#':

o)

$-"

1) Small and inexpensive: )t is e*tremely small# ine*pensive and does not re4 ire any electrical connections. 78 Easily integrated: 1ach chip can be a thenticated sing a low%cost reader based on simple light% beam technology# which is readily integrated readers. 38Unique: 1ach chip contains a ni4 e fingerprint code# which cannot be erased# copied or modified. 3ompatible with e*isting smart%chip technology: the nanochip does not replace the smart%chip# it enhances its sec rity level. +y attaching a nanochip to a card bearing a smart% chip# virt ally all of the &nown sec rity wea&nesses of smart%chips can be eliminated. into e*isting smart%card

Figure 5: Sample of a nanochip embedded credit card

Ho9 #$ 9o%5s: The nanochip is able to offer an nprecedented level of sec rity against forgery by its physical str ct re Nat rally occ rring variations in the man fact ring process of each chip g arantee that the gro ps of atoms will occ py different positions for every chip# th s giving each chip a ni4 e fingerprint.

The

recent

brea&thro gh

by

scientists has res lted in a low%

cost# practical implementation of this ltra%high sec rity scheme. AD,ANTAGES: The advantages schemes: ,"%( !o9 os$: The nanochips can be s pplied at very low cost# ma&ing it cost%effective to attach one to every credit card in circ lation. The reader for the nanochips does not re4 ire a laser or any other e*pensive component. )t is th s financially viable to integrate a nanochip reader%head into every 'T; and point of sale terminal. U!$%a-s/a!! s#:": The nanochip meas res only 1 mm to 0.= mm and so can be attached almost invisibly to a credit card. The reader%head occ pies only 2 to Hcms# and so can easily be integrated into hand%held point of sale terminals. U!$%a--#4- s" *%#$(: 1ach nanochip contains a ni4 e fingerprint code# which allows it to be system over offers ma(or anti%fra d e*isting

sing the

positions of individ al atoms in

Fnless a forger can move millions of atoms to precisely the right places# the nanochip cannot be copied

C ch precision is c rrently far beyond the frontiers of science# and will remain so for many decades# th s ma&ing the chip highly f t re%proof.

Ghile s ch a scheme has been dreamed of for many years# it has never been possible to implement it in a cost%effective way beca se of the comple*ity of a reader which co ld identify the positions of gro ps of atoms

identified o t of

p to 1#000#000#000

at a central location# or even in encrypted form on the smart%chip of the card. CONCLUSION Nanotechnology is an emerging technology# beyond all the fact and fiction. This technology borrows the concepts from 9hysics# 3hemistry and +iology. This field has a wide variety of applications that benefit the man&ind to a greater e*tent I economically# medically and socially. + t it also has it6s own drawbac&s or threats. The -overnment6s of vario s co ntries are f nding vario s researches on this area and meanwhile they also concentrate partially to overcome the ris&s of this technology. / r paper ,3redit 3ard Cec rity Fsing Nanotechnology2 disc sses a ma(or step of the technology into the domestic life of people where credit cards and other smart cards play a vital role. Ge have disc ssed how nanochip fabricated credit cards can be sed to co nter the attac& of credit card mis se. This technology is very promising paradigm in this new era of This Nanotechnology Devol tion.

other chips. This is a higher ni4 eness level. : rthermore# the code is stored by the positions of gro ps of atoms# which cannot be modified or copied. H#4-!( %"s#s$an$ $o ;s/a%$ a$$a 5<: The comm nication between the nanochip and the read%head is achieved by a beam of infra%red light. The reader is therefore highly resistant to any electrical voltages or magnetic fields that an attac&er might try to apply to em late the presence of a nanochip. : rthermore# the nanochip sec rity comes from the impossibility of ma&ing a copy of the chip# and not by disclosing secret might information. have access )t is to therefore privileged resistant to attac& by &ey personnel who information. H#4-!( 9"a%-%"s#s$an$: No physical contact is re4 ired between the reader and the nanochip# and so there are no contacts to wear o t. The nanochip will long o tlast the card. Un#=*" )#n4"%'%#n$: To verify the a thenticity of a credit card# the ni4 e fingerprint code from the nanochip is compared with the e*pected code for that credit card# stored

method can be sed for vario s smart card systems also. The cost is also negligible. RE.ERENCES:

www.nanosysinc.comEtechEcore.ht ml www.nanoindian.com www.veeco.comEs pportEnanocon ference www.nanovip.com www.wi&ipedia.com www.nanofor m.org 'rticle on ,Nanotechnology and -lobal Cec rity2 by 9hilippe 0an Nedervelde # 1*ec tive 5irector # :oresight Nanotech )nstit te N.1. 5re*ler# 1ngines of 3reation AThe 1<@O 3oming 1ra of Nanotechnology. 'nchor +oo&s#

www.directionsmag.comEarticle.p hp8articleJidKH?=LtrvK1 www.nanotechpro(ect.org www.crnano.orgECpeechM20% M20Trieste.2.ppt www.foresight.org 'rticle on ,Nanotechnology and Cociety : Times of 3hange 2 by ;i&e Treder# 1*ec tive 5irector # 3enter for Desponsible Nanotechnology

www.d r.ac. &Escientific.enterpri seENanotechnology