Professional Documents
Culture Documents
'Marxism'
I am giving to I could
you a fresh copy of all my papers along with those which find with comments.
Question
3:
Thesi
The fourth
s on Peuerbach
concerns
matters, the nature of dialectic understanding. understanding addresses itself to the immanent
the contradictions
between
this real concrete and its ideological manisfestations religion. Yes, the self as part of the system
-- such as is
of religion
alienated from the self in concrete practical activity -- but this process of alienation Feuerbach's because critique is not explained by Feuerbach, only noticed. of religious life is not truly dialectical, transcendental, and not yet
his understanding
is still
immanent.
Let me explain, briefly, this difference between transcendental immanent qui te critique. that Feuerbach of must pretend activity
and
outside
concrete
contradictions
concrete activity as one indivisible object, and religious activity as another. From his viewpoint it may be seen that these
-----~-------------------~--------------
activities
contradict
one another,
internal to concrete activity, no real explanation why this contradiction He looks from within structure far enough exists.
and may see the internal Feuerbach was materialist activi ty was the
that concrete
productive
enough to examine the internal structure activity. Marx actually analyzes the within it, is
structure of concrete activity, and finds contradictions not merely between it and ideological immanent insofar activity.
This critique
reali ty,
More
than
critique
is at stake
in the
fourth
II
thesis,
as Marx
As he writes
interpreted
thesis,
in various
ways;
After an immanent critique of concrete been made, we -must after change its structure activity and to
seen,
this
contradictions
as Marx
writes
in the
fourth
in practice."
Question
else is important for it; it cares not what form it takes, whether that of money, that of fixed capital, that of variable capital, or
whatnot.
consequences
this reproduction in as
it is realized expands
as rapidly
possible.
so expand?
It does so by
commodity,
that of labor-power.
the
value and
surplus-value.
defined as mean
long-term
observation value':
the so-called
'labor theory of to
namely,
is proportional
or as a definition
In particular,
of the laborer.
The value of labor-power the value produced power given belongs. laborer
is, in capitalist
production,
less than
by the labor of the laborer to whom the laborexample, all the commodi ties consumed by a
For
their production.
this same laborer may be able to labor That labor time which of the commodities Those four
eight hours in a day (or twelve or sixteen). exceeds which hours the time necessary laborer consumes
the
surplus-value.
for and
the
reproduction capital.
of As
labor long
as as
class
serve may
to be of
expand
labor-power
in the production
surplus value,
between
labor, labor time and labor-power Labor is concrete particular acti vi ty, forms. and
clarified.
which,
at that, always
assumes
Labor which of
in thought
process
capitalism. particular It
in abstraction
form it takes, measured only in hours, minutes, time, under capi talism, only which creates
is labor
value
opposed
to labor which
produces
use-values.
Labor-power
the capacity
or potential
use-value -- and also to utilize labor time, producing capacity, under capitalism, universally becomes a commodity; in fact.
owned by laborers,
Question
7: and 'reality' are, as I have written, grasping not existing the reality of theories one or
'Appearance' opposites
However, than
usually
better given
worse
another. those
the descriptions
by Marx
than
Marx describes
the reality
of capitalism,
while
the vulgar
economists
One
particular
appearance
in
Capital
is
that
of at Its Here
fetishized first
Marx
sight,
trivial
thing,
analysis
appearance
is therefore
a mysterious
because
stamped upon the product of that labour." which cornmocli ties enter into, i.e.
interaction
disguises
the full form of social interaction It is not quite "value" which that
which lies is
the commodity.
appears
commodi ties
exchange
is revealed
by the appearance
of value.
However,
the
appearance
of
value
in the
form
of
the
commodity
something,
of production in which
form, and
allows us to in certain
still,
which had been hidden in the other appearance. is still hidden of of by Marx's analysis
Slirely, the in is in
plays
-- but
insofar
economists, reality,
comparison appearance.
where
only