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TYPE 1.

//~ // offer to do something for someone else is used to convey meanings // such as someone tries doing something ( to see how it will turn out) or someone does something to see (how it will turn out). // conveys meanings such as likeness, resemblance, or similarity. when attached directly to the stems of adjectives. The past tense form of this pattern is -// . expresses the speakers // request for something // // the informal polite speech style

//

//

is used to indicate an action which took place in the past or a condition which used to exist.

`- is used to express // even if, even though // if `- is used with the // word , , `, this pattern is used to ask for and giving permission. For the negative answer to a request for permission, you have to use the pattern () . May do //

// 1

// 2

is used to indicate cause or / reason; mostly used with adjectives and (to go), (to come), (dont have) etc. in declarative and interrogative sentences; cannot be used in imperative and propositive sentence, where another connective -() is used is used when the subject /

is used to express the speakers hope or desire. Even though the past tense //- is used, this pattern does not refer to the past. So, even when this pattern is used without the past tense like -() , there is no difference in meaning. the negative of -

The informal polite form of

// /

performs one action and then a second one; it is attached to the first verb and is then followed by a second verb is used to express obligation or necessity; tense is expressed in the verb . Must, have to

TYPE 2. -()~ this pattern Verb + -() -() + time word + is used to express an interval of time which extends from a definite past to the present. The case marker -` or - can be attached optionally after -()// is used in the present tense -()/ with adjectives or to express the speakers thought or opinion, in the future tense to indicate the speakers stronger conjecture or presumption. With general verbs, the pattern - is used in the present tense, () in the past tense, and () in the future tense; tense is expressed in the final verb means after having done -() -()/ smth; used with the action verbs. The tense is expresses in the main (final) verb -() () indicate ones past experiences. The literal meaning is the experience of having done something exists ( or dont exist )

-() The informal ending of the -() future tense -() ; with a 3rd person subject it expresses a supposition or presumption, with a 1st person subject the speakers plan or intention

is used to introduce a certain fact,occurrence, or event. The form `-() is used for the adjectives and -` in the present tense. The form ` is used for all other cases. Indicates reason and cause; if the main clause is an imperative or propositive, only the connective - can be used in the dependent clause. In this case, (/) cannot be used

While; when the two actions happen at the same time, past tense is not expressed with this pattern. But if the action of the `- clause happened before the action of the next clause, past tense should be expressed in the `- clause; is used with all verbs and adjectives but ` can be used only in the past tense is used to express the -() -() / knowledge or lack of knowledge of a technique or process of doing something -() Means I think I will (do -() the speakers intention or plan smth) or promise. It is used with action verbs as well as with the verb , but not with adjectives. -() -()? is used to express inquiring about someones opinion, view or appraisal on a certain matter or fact with the action verb. is used to express the purpose used to indicate the purpose of -() -() of the subjects action and is the speaker (subject)s action; can be followed by any verbs; followed by either (to it is used in the present and go), (to come) or their past tense of the main verb compounds, or any verb (final verb), but is never used which indicates movement, with the future tense. Tense such as (to go and and negation are expressed in come regularly) the main verb (final verb). is used with verbs(including -() -() `); this pattern is used to indicate a subjects intention; restricted to first and second personal pronouns can be used with any verb or -() -() adjective and indicates condition and/or stipulation; in Korean the dependent clause precedes the main clause. Sometimes, the word `/ is used at the beginning of a conditional clause -() -() -() / is used with verbs and indicates ability, capability, possibility or permission -()

-()

-()

-()

-()-

to expressing the subjects -() suggestion with the action verbs and the verb of existence . It cannot be used with nor with adjectives. In plain speech style() you can use the form - instead of // the honorific form -()

is used to express two simultaneous actions done by the same person. It attaches to the verb directly; someone does something while he is doing something else (at the same time) implies respect of the speaker for the subject of the sentence, means Please do something when referring to the second person

imperative verb form

TYPE 3. ~ ()+ - because of, owing to, as a result of, in consequence of ()+ Polite form of

[] and; or; [](even) - though [if]; no matter how (whatwhenwherewho); whatever is used to express the idea that -the situation has been arranged by certain environmental facts or conditions. It is used with verbs and ; (it) turns out (that), It is arranged that -, (the situation) makes something to be is used to indicate the desire - of the subject and is used with action verbs and .

pre-ending -- is used for expressing the speakers conjecture or supposition or for asking intention of the person spoken to in a polite request.

is used to express surprise, delight, or wonder with an

is used to indicate a kind of process or continuing action; Is doing; this pattern can have two different meanings when used with verbs dealing with items of clothing : , , ; it is often used to express an action which started in the past and is still going on is used to express cause and reason; so, therefore, because

exclamation mark; adjectives and - take the -! form, other verbs take the ! form. In past tense, verbs also take the - form. - - Is used in complex sentences and indicates the action in the second sentence that is the reason for achieving the object of the first sentence

- -

is used to indicate ones decision; the verb `- can be replaced by the verb `, , , - means to decide not to do; - means do not decide to do Formal style question final ending

- -/? - / -

- /()/() the ending `- is attached to the verb directly and is used in () the present tense; the ending `() is used in the past tense; The forms , , , , are the present inflected forms of the infinitives; `-() is used in the future tense formal polite speech style - stop doing - - Forms a negative suggestion is used to join two sentences which are in contrast with each other. But

the pattern - ` preceded by an action verb expresses prohibition or dissuasion. This pattern is always used as a negative imperative sentence or a negative propositive sentence. long type negation; directly - followes by verbs or adjectives; not, no

is used if you want to seek the listeners agreement or to ascertain what listener means

TYPE 4. / indicates that the preceding noun , phrase is the subject of the sentence. is used after a word which ends with a vowel, while `- is used after a consonant , expresses the finishing point of the /, action to (by/for) a person; about; around; , (), toward (a time); in the vicinity at or in indicating the place where an action takes place; from, indicating a starting point or cause.

and, with, along (together) with Indicates a choice, shows direction, means, status, cause

(neighborhood) of; near (a place) , From (a person)

/,

/, indicates the comparison of topics. If , there is no connotation of comparison with another subject, this marker cannot be used. means also or too. This can replace (), Indicates a choice, shows direction, , means, status, cause the subjective marker -/, and the objective marker -/` only; can be attached to almost any , each; every; all word in the sentence because (of); since; as; for , (), [] but; (and) yet; [] while; meanwhile; [ ] though; although; nevertheless; however; still. , outside, in the open air + besides () 2, [] as many [much] as; no less [fewer] than; as long as; nearly; about.; [] either or; or; any. like; as; as as; <not> so as; as if , (more than) is attached to a standard , of comparison (which is usually the second noun) when both items of comparison are mentioned. It is often accompanied by - which means more; when the standard of comparison is omitted, (more) is used means and; connects words on an , means from, the starting point of an , action equal basis indicates a destination and that is used for indicating the receiver of , someone or something is stationary in an action; the marker - is a place. It is attached to nouns, and used for indicating the source or followed by (to be) and starting point of an action. (not to be).. meanings: to, in, at. , Its a dative marker which attaches to animate nouns; is often used as in spoken language TYPE 5. means aroundoclock , Plural form of the noun -, - , is used to indicate distribution and is () (a space of) time; a period; in, for, attached to numbers and any counting during, as (so) long as classifier; each, respectively TYPE 6.

is attached to a Noun to indicate the direct object of a transitive verb is preceded by a noun and indicates possession, relationship, origin or status location

, is used with action verbs, and means expresses the negative and means do impossibility or strong denial and refusal. not. is put before the verb.

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