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Dr. Marzan Aziz Iskandar Chairman of The Agency for The Assessment and Application of Technology Republic of Indonesia

Introduction Current and Future Development of Geothermal Energy in Indonesia Biofuel Development and Implementation in Indonesia Photovoltaic Development and Applications Smart Micro Grid for Renewable Energy in Indonesia Closing Remarks

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Energy Resources
Coal Oil

Proven Reserve
21,131.84 million tons 4,230 million barrels 104.71 TSCF

Annual Production
353 million tons 330,000 thousands barrel 3,400,000 MMSCF

Ratio Reserve to Production (year)

59.8 12.8

Natural Gas (as of 2010)

30.8

ENERGY SECURITY

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POTENTIAL INDONESIAN RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES (2010)

NON FOSSIL ENERGY Hydro Geothermal Mini/Micro hydro Biomass Solar Wind Uranium (Nuclear) 24,112 Ton* RESOURCES 845 million BOE 219 mill BOE 458.75 MW EQUIVALENCE 75.67 GW 29 GW 458.75 MW 49.81 GW 4.80 kWh/m2/day 9.29 GW 3 GW u/ 11 year * 2010 data (Source: KESDM 2012) UTILIZATION 6,851 GWh 2,593.5 GWh INSTALLED CAPACITY* 4,200 MW 1000 MW 84 MW 302.4 MW 8.00 MW 0.50 MW

ENERGY MIX
GAS 21%

RE 3%

BIOENERGY 5%

PRESIDENT DECREE 5/2006

RE 17% GAS 30%

OIL 42%

OIL 20% COAL 33%

COAL 34%

3298 Mill. BOE

3200 Mill.BOE

3,1% 2419 Mill. BOE 34,6% RE 17%

COAL
1176 Mill. BOE

1649 Mill. BOE

33% 20,6%

ENERGY DIVERSIFICATION

RE

GAS
5,03% 23,91 % 24,29% 30% 41,7%

COAL

GAS OIL

OIL
20%

46,77%

2011
Note: 1 TOE = 7,33 BOE

2015

2020

2025

Latest draft of National Energy Policy put a higher value to 23% for NRE sources

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Renewable Energy
Total NRE Geothermal Biofuel Other NRE: Solar (PV) Microhydro*** Biomass Elect. *** Wind*** Coal liquefaction

Supply of RE

Current Utilization

NEP 2025 TARGET President Decree No. 5/2006

17%* 544 MMBOE 160 MMBOE 160 MMBOE 160 MMBOE 29,622 8,712 25 8,712 (2,200) MW MW Mill. kL MW MW

29,000 40

MW Mill. kL/year**

1,343 MW 3 Mill kl/year

5% 5% 5%

17 MWp 229 MW 1,628 MW 1.96 MW 2% 64 MMBOE

10

Mill. kL

*Latest draft of National Energy Policy put a higher value to 23% for NRE sources **Palm MMBOE: Million Barrel of Oil Equivalents , 1 barrel = 159 liter, 1 liter = 3 kWh. Total prediction of energy mix 2012 = 3200 MMBOE (BPPT Energy Outlook 2012) ***NRE Statistic 2011, Ditjen EBTKE, KESDM.

Pilot Plant Bio-Ethanol & energy Plantation -PV Applications & Pilotings(Housing, Rural, Biomass Pumping, etc) Gasification Microhydro Piloting

Energy Efficiency Applications & Audit in Energy Intensive Industries, Lab EE PV Testing Facility/Lab. Appliances PV Hybrid Piloting Geothermal Pilot plant Microturbine Cogeneration KS Arc Furnace ANN Controller Wind Energy Technology (Low Velocity) Fuel Cell + Biohydrogen Prod.

Smart Grid, Smart Bld. Efficient Building Biomass/Biogas Power Generation

OTEC

Sea Current Prototyping

1979:

1985:

1990:

1995 2003

2006 2010:

2013 -

-Process Integration Biodiesel Solar Agro in Industry Plant Dev. Drying Study Renewable Energy -Solar Thermal Pump Efficient IndonesiaProject, incl. Transportation Efficiency Energy: EnergyAudit, ISPH, Management Energy Management + MARKAL Long-Solar Thermal term Energy Planning Model Timber Drying

-Solar Village Project

Energi Bus: Lab Mobile Audit Energi

Kajian Kawasan Hemat Energi

Biofuels for Small Geothermal Transportation Power Plant Prototyping PV Industry Feasibility Assessment

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2006
852 MW

2008
2000 MW

2012
3442 MW

2016
4600 MW

2020
6000 MW

2025
9500 MW (Target)

1148 MW Existing GWA

1442 MW Existing GWA

1158 MW Existing GWA + New GWA

1400 MW New GWA

3500 MW New GWA

6151 MW Plus 2nd Crash Program Scenario (4925 MW) ALL power plants use foreign technology.
BPPT is appointed by the Government to develop national technology, in cooperation with local industries.

1343 MW CURRENT PROGRESS

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1.

It is a national priority program stated in the Presidential Regulation No. 05/2010 regarding the National Medium-Term Development Plan 2010 2014. Output : a) Condensing Turbine Technology of 3 MW GeoPP. Ready for operation in Kamojang Geothermal Field b) Binary Cycle Technology of 100 kW GeoPP. Under construction in Wayang Windu Field

2.

TARGET
1. To substitute the use of fossil fuel based diesel power generations. 2. To accelerate the development of small scale geothermal power plants by national industries and resources.

Steam Flushing Process

Setting of Turbine Rotor

INDUSTRIAL MINISTER REG. No. 54/2012

LOCAL CONTENT :
42%

PILOT PLANT BPPT

63,8%

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Modular Plant Under Construction

Air Cooler Under Construction

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PURE PLANT OIL(PPO ) and BIODIESEL

BIOETHANOL

Lignoselulosa palm Coconut

Hydrolysis + Fermentation Crude bio-oil Bioethanol ( 9% ) Pure Plant Oil

Jatropha

Cassava

mollases

+
Biodiesel

Methanol

Dehydration (95%)
Bioethanol ( FGE 99,5% )

5-20%
diesel oil BioSolar Solar/ diesel oil

5-20%
Bio Premium Premium

Diesel Engine: car, Genset

Gasoline Engine

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Activity
Development of Biodiesel Production Technology : Raw material diversification Separation technique improvement (dry washing technology) Research on Product Quality Improvement Biodiesel Engine Test Biodiesel Promotion Policy Assessment

Implementation
Development of biodiesel pilot plant Application of biodiesel plant design technology to industries Improvement of National Biodiesel Standard (SNI 04-7182 ) Mandatory biodiesel implementation up to B30 (by 2025) Implementation of biodiesel in mining, agro industry and power plant Recommendation for Integrated business of biodiesel plant and Energy Farming Concept
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Cap. 1 20 tons/day

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Development of Hydro-treating Process for upgrading biodiesel fuel quality (collaborative research BPPT-AIST) Development of Fast Pyrolysis-oil (Bio-oil) from Palm based biomass to produce Hydro-Deoxygenated Oil (Next Generation of Biofuel) (collaborative research BPPT-AIST) BPPT Involvement in :
Review of National Biofuel Standard. Guidance of Bioenergy Safety. Assessment of Biofuel trade system and pricing policy.

Biomass Biooil (tar)

pyrolytic lignins based tars

Hydrodeoxygenated oil

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BPPT is promoting an integrated plant concept to enhance industrialization potential : 1. obtain cheaper raw materials cost 2. reduce production cost (process steam and utility, etc.) 3. increase the efficiency of biodiesel plant 4. overcome the waste problems faced by the existing plant

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Energy Farming Concept

Existing Business (Biodiesel Case) :
Biodiesel Plant Price Price

Plantation

CPO Mill

Relatively Fixed Price

Market
Biodiesel

FFB

CPO

Market Mechanism

The price of raw materials fluctuates and tends to increase, highly depending on market mechanism. While, the price of biofuels is relatively fixed price. Less promising business on biofuels Only big capacity and efficient biofuels plants may be survive.

Energy Farming Concept:

Stable Price Price Price Stable Price

Energy Farming :
Biodiesel Plant

Plantation

Price

FFB

CPO

Biodiesel

Market

An integrated business where the raw material produced from this business is merely dedicated for producing biofuel only (NOT for other purposes). Stabled price of raw materials Stabled price of biofuels More promising business on biofuels

CPO Mill

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SHS / Other stand alone application

Hybrid System

Grid-Connected

Smart Microgrid

Technology Application Assessment

FS Solar Cell Industry: Recommendation for national Industries

Test Lab for PV System: SNI based test Public services

Development of Test Lab for PV System: IEC 61215 based test

Industrial Development
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Implementation of Photovoltaic Systems

PV-Diesel Hybrid System Individual (SHS)

PV Grid Connected Systems

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Smart interconnection grids

Improved reliability Energy savings Robustness of operation and control (Self-Heals) Etc.

Smart microgrids with distributed energy resources (DER) where applicable

Distribution systems containing high DER penetration may require considerable operational control capabilities.

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Paradigm Shift in Energy System Increasing penetration of renewable energy, diversification in electricity generations, reduction in carbon emission, etc. Future Chalenges Enhanced compatibility of electricity network with increased penetration of renewable energy Communications between the network and various types of generations Providing services for various consumers electricity needs, mainly in remote and isolated areas

A key solution Smart MicroGrid could efficiently control integration of renewable energy to the main grid.
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Indonesia is stepping up efforts to the Renewable Energy technology development and demonstrations in preparing the acquisition and improve the utilization of Renewable Energy in accordance with the government's mid-term target (2025). Of the existing potential, Geothermal and Biofuels is the greatest potential until 2025, in addition to the necessary existence of Smart-Grid system, which became the future needs of the electricity supply system.
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