Project Report on Productivity

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I take this opportunity to express my gratitude towards those, whose guidance and cooperation has helped me immensely during the completion of this field report. This field report ears the imprint of many people who are directly or indirectly involved in successful completion of this endeavor. !ith great esteem and reverence, we wish to express our deep sense of gratitude towards the employees of who gave me time from their busy schedu e a!d "rovided me such a va uab e #!ow edge$ Last but !ot east % am tha!#fu to Mr$ %braheem "#ecturer at $%& $ahadur 'ampus #ayyah( for their su""ort& trust a!d guida!ce$

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Project Report on Productivity

Dedicatio!
This modest )ndeavour is actually keened to the always uplifted hands of our '(e oved )are!ts* The hands ever praying for us These hands may never fall down * To our $rothers, +isters, ,riends * 'We Wisher Mr$ %braheem *

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Project Report on Productivity

%!troductio!
')roductivity is the output of an industrial concern in relation to the materials, la or, etc., it employs.- It is the measure of output from a production process, per unit of input. ,or example, la or productivity is typically measured as a ratio of output per la or-hour, an input. #a or productivity is the ratio of "the real value of( output to the input of la or. !here possi le, hours worked, rather than the num ers of employees, is used as the measure of la or input. !ith an increase in part-time employment, hours worked provides the more accurate measure of la or input. #a or productivity should e interpreted very carefully if used as a measure of efficiency. In particular, it reflects more than just the efficiency or productivity of )mployees. #a or productivity is the ratio of output to la or input. and output is influenced y many factors that are outside of )mployees/ influence, including the nature and amount of capital e0uipment that is availa le, the introduction of new technologies, and management practices. #a or productivity is generally speaking held to e the same as the 1average product of la or1 "average output per worker or per worker-hour, an output which could e measured in physical terms or in price terms(. It is not the same as the marginal product of la or, which refers to the increase in output that result from a corresponding increase in la or input. The 0ualitative aspects of la or productivity such as creativity, innovation, teamwork, improved 0uality of work and the effects on other areas in a company are more difficult to measure.

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Project Report on Productivity

)rob em +tateme!t
Productivity is essential for an organi2ation3s success. $y applying certain factors, an organi2ation can gain productivity. The pro lem is analy2ing those factors, which enhance productivity as well as those factors must also e judged which cause cease in an organi2ation3s performance and productivity. These pro lems need to e solved in an effective manner and the extent of their solution depends upon the 0uality of decision, the management makes. 4ost organi2ations fail to attain or sustain high productivity and so ultimately disappear from the market.

Tit e ,ustificatio!
The topic 5study of employees3 productivity- shows the productivity of )mployees during their work time. The topic suggest a out the per unit wages of )mployees means it defines their idle hour and working hours. Time and motion study is one of the methods for study the productivity of )mployees in industry. This project helps )mployees as well as employer to increase productivity in their organi2ations. 6awthorne experiments also give methods to study productivity to the organi2ation y his efforts. y its experiments. The study of worker3s productivity mainly depends upon the output which he provides

Ob-ective of The .e"ort

The o jective of this study is the use of productivity concept in the service sector. In a low productivity organi2ation, it is not necessary that we would need to promote each and every aspect of that organi2ation ut we must analy2e the part ehaving as ottleneck in the organi2ation3s productivity. In this report is discussed some fundamentals of productivity and with the help of some experiments, how we can measure and increase productivity of an organi2ation y removing o stacles or ottlenecks in the organi2ation3s performance. +ome ground realities of employee3s productivity in organi2ations are also ela orated here.

+co"e of The .e"ort

This report is eneficial in following ways7 8. )nhancement of productivity of 9ovt. 'ollege3s )mployees. :. )sta lishment of new ways to increase worker3s productivity. ;. Profit * wealth maximi2ation. <. =uality improvement process of )mployees. >. Performance ?ppraisal.

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Project Report on Productivity

Ob-ective of )roductivity
Productivity is crucial for an organi2ation3s existence. It is necessary for achieving following outcomes7 To ring technological change7 $y productivity, technological change in an effective, friendly and accepta le way. )fficiency7 6igh productivity causes high efficiency rate in an organi2ation. 'ost +aving7 ? productive organi2ation uses economies of scale in its all operation so organi2ation saves costs. Improving process7 Productivity is also used in enchmarking. $y productivity, all processes of organi2ation are monitored and are then improved.

Methods for im"rovi!g )roductivity

The productivity of an organi2ation can e enhanced y many methods, some of those methods are7 Through monitoring and controlling operations $y improving technology and facilities $y increasing training Increase research and development +pending Increase in employee participation $y adopting automated and ro otic systems Improve reward systems

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Project Report on Productivity )nhance speed )nhance flexi ility

E to! Mayo/s 0awthor! e1"erime!ts

)lton 4ayo3s team conducted a num er of experiments. These experiments are often referred to as the 6awthorne experiments or 6awthorne studies as they took place at The 6awthorne !orks of the !estern )lectric 'ompany in 'hicago. @ver the course of experiment, 4ayo3s team altered the worker3s working conditions and then monitored how the working conditions affected the )mployees morale and productivity. The changes in working conditions included changes in working hours, rest rakes, lighting, humidity, and temperature. The changes were explained to the )mployees prior to implementation. ?t the end of the experiment, the worker3s working conditions, reverted to levels higher than efore and during the experiments. The com ination of results during and after the experiment "i.e the increase in the )mployees3 productivity when they were returned to their original working conditions( led 4ayo to conclude that )mployees were motivated y psychological conditions more than physical working condition. 6e also concluded that )mployees were motivated y more than self interest and instead the following applied7

ack to the

conditions efore the experiment egan. &nexpectedly the )mployees morale and productivity rose

There is an unwritten understanding etween the worker and employer regarding what is expected from them. 4ayo called this the psychological contract.

? worker3s motivation can e increased y showing an interest in them. 4ayo classified studying the )mployees "through the experiments( as showing an interest in the )mployees.

!ork is a group activity, team work can increase a worker3s motivation as it allows people to form strong working relationships and increases trust etween the )mployees. !ork groups are created formally y the employer ut also occur informally. $oth informal and

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Project Report on Productivity formal groups should e used to increase productivity as informal groups influence the worker3s ha its and attitudes.

)mployees are motivated y the social aspect of work, as demonstrated y the female )mployees sociali2ing during and outside work and the su se0uent increase in motivation.

)mployees are motivated y recognition, security and a sense of elonging. The communication etween )mployees and management influences )mployees3 morale and productivity. )mployees are motivated through a good working relationship with management.

2redric#$W Tay or/s Time 3 Motio! +tudy

Time and motion study analysis of the operations re0uired to produce a manufactured article in a factory, with the aim of increasing efficiency. )ach operation is studied minutely and analy2ed in order to eliminate unnecessary motions and thus reduce production time and raise output, which increases productivity . The first effort at time study was made y ,. !. Taylor in the 8AABs. )arly in the :Bth cent., ,rank and #illian 9il reth developed a more systematic and sophisticated method of time and motion study for industry, taking into account the limits of human physical and mental capacity and the importance of a good physical environment.

Orga!i4atio! )rofi e
In the heart of Thal 'howk ?2am the great education institute esta lished on 56 +e" 6789& as an Intermediate 'ollege. $ut due to the highly need of the students, it was awarded till the degree classes in 6779. It has an area of 6: acres where more than 6555 students are getting education. Principal7 C. Principal7 Permanent ,aculty7 'ontract $ase ,aculty7
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Mr$ .ao Muhammad Af4a Mr$ Mu!eer Ahmad :D 8<

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Project Report on Productivity @ther )mployees7 BA

+am" e +i4e
Information was gathered from >B respondents. nE>B

Data A!a ysis %!ter"retatio!

8. Is there any training program to promote productivityF Ges :I Ho :;

Interpretation7- @ut of >B respondents :I people said that there is training program to promote productivity and rest :; people said that there is no program to promote productivity in this company. :. Jo you satisfied with your own performanceF Ges ;A

Ho 8:

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Project Report on Productivity

Interpretation7- !hen we ask 0uestion to employees of 9ovt. 'ollege that they are satisfied with their performance, then ;A people said that they were satisfied with their own performance and 8: people said that they were not satisfied with their own performance. ;. Joes the working method applied y the employees is eneficial for the employee3s productivityF Ges :; Ho :I

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Project Report on Productivity Interpretation7- out of >B peoples :I people said that there is no award system for etter productivity and :; people said that there is award system for etter productivity. <. Is there any non-productive person in this companyF Ges 8>

Ho ;>

Interpretation7- @ut of >B people 8> people said that there are some non-productive persons in this company and ;> people said that there are no non-productive persons in this company. >. Jo you satisfied with the task "jo post( which has assigned to youF Ges Ho <: A

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Project Report on Productivity

Interpretation7- @ut of >B people <: were satisfied with given post and A people were not satisfied with the given post.

2i!di!gs
8. !e find the working environment of the organi2ation is good for the employees. :. )mployees are satisfied with their work. ;. +ome )mployees are less productive. <. !hen we entered in organi2ation we find that most of the employees are involved in their assigned duties. >. )mployees are highly motivated and giving their valua le inputs. D. The working hours are favora le for the )mployees.

Co!c usio!
?t the end of this project we came to result that study of worker3s productivity plays an important role in every company. It is the output of the employee3s working hour during his work time. !e have also ecome familiar with the concept of Time and 4otion *
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Project Report on Productivity 6awthorne )xperiments y great management thinkers. !e have also covers o jective, need of productivity and different methods to improve productivity. Through 0uestionnaire we get the views of )mployees in 9ovt. 'ollege. !e have also seen some areas which needs some improvements and some areas which do not need any changeKamendments.

+uggestio!s
8. @rgani2ation should make amendments in their training programme. :. The programme whatever running employees. ;. 4ake organi2ation more workers friendly. <. +ome people are not high productive ecause of not getting proper wages so, organi2ations should treat every worker e0ually. y organi2ation should e favora le for the entire

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Project Report on Productivity

A!!e1ure
8. Hame of the employeeLLLL :. Mo title of the employeeF "i(Trainee "iii( Production 6ead ;. Jepartment of an employeeF "i( 4arketing "iii( @perations <. !hat are your working hoursF "i( N7BB?4 - <7BBP4 >. !hat is your salaryF "i($elow 8B,BBB "iii(:B,BBB O :N,BBB D. Is there any training programme to promote productivityF "i( Ges I. Jo you satisfied with your own workF "i(Ges A. 6ow many years are you working in this companyF "i( ,resher "iii (;-< years "ii( 8-: years "iv( 4ore than < years "ii( Ho "ii( Ho "ii( 8B,BBB -8N,BBB "iv(? ove ;B,BBB "ii(<7BB?4 - 8B7BB P4 "ii( +ales "iv( @ther dept. "ii( !orker "iv( @thers

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Project Report on Productivity 8B. Joes the award system which is practiced y 9ovt. 'ollege is eneficial for the worker3s productivityF "i(Ges N. Is there any non-productive person in this companyF "i(Ges "ii( Ho "ii( Ho

8:. Jo you satisfied with the task "jo post( which has assigned to youF "i( Ges "ii( Ho

(ib iogra"hy
%!ter!et I. II. http7KKwww.citehr.comK8:N:>:-hr-productivity-proactive-productivity.htmlP><><D> http7KK ooks.google.com.pkK ooksF idEII?@????=??M*pgEP?8*d0E@rgani2ationalQ ehaviorQproductivity*hlEen*saER *eiEk!J@&MmM#-fGB=!vnI9g$?*redirSescEyPvEonepage*0E@rgani2ational T:B ehaviorT:Bproductivity*fEfalse III. http7KK ooks.google.com.pkK ooksFidEa Iyew2rv4'*pgEP?N*d0E@rgani2ationalQ ehaviorQproductivity*hlEen*saER*eiEk!J@ &MmM#-fGB=!vnI9g$?*redirSescEy IC. https7KKdocs.google.comKviewerFaEv*0Ecache7oGMS@9S)RBM7faculty.mu.edu.saKpu licKuploadsK8;;>>>BB8I.ANN;Production T:>:Bmanagement.pdfQproductivityQmanagement*hlEen*pidE l*srcidE?J9))+h>f@I ig>vy j)k=DDM<#kCc4R:GpR9UAS6wGD2S@v;p=4iSg@JUIUg8$Hw!rR8g2m,'?;D8p)B=vuJ#HTC%e$uc)vx?Aa)4#N24eog')>R:p%y<s%#M%8u aUMHN!sIdaxA,N@*sigE?6I)t =?%-lNI0Il%x2lBxN0J!cMNu$g%w

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Project Report on Productivity C. http7KK ooks.google.com.pkK ooksFidEr)A%Mlk@ko'*printsecEfrontcover*d0Eproductivity*hlEen*saER*eiEITS4&M p9A2RsgaC to6='g*redirSescEyPvEonepage*0Eproductivity*fEfalse (oo#s

8. @rgani2ational $ehaviour O #.4 Prasad :. 6uman Resource 4anagement - ?shwathappa * #. 4 Prasad ;. Productivity 4anagement7 ? Pratical 6and ook $y Moseph Prokopenko
4. 9aining Productivity $y Mamal Uhan, !ayne +overall

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