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Maharaja Surajmal nstitute !" Technology C# $%anak&uri$Ne'delhi())**+, -uru -obind Singh ndra&rastha uni.ersity
Many online banking ser.ices there"ore im&ose a second layer o" security1 Strategies .ary$ but a common method is the use o" transaction numbers$ or TANs$ 'hich are essentially single use &ass'ords1 Another strategy is the use o" t'o &ass'ords$ only random &arts o" 'hich are entered at the start o" e.ery online banking session1 This is ho'e.er slightly less secure than the TAN alternati.e and more incon.enient "or the user1 A third o&tion$ used in many 4uro&ean countries and currently being trialled in the 86 is &ro.iding customers 'ith security token de.ices ca&able o" generating single use &ass'ords uni?ue to the customer9s token 2this is called t'o("actor authentication or @7A31 Another o&tion is using digital certi"icates$ 'hich digitally sign or authenticate the transactions$ by linking them to the &hysical de.ice 2e1g1 com&uter$ mobile &hone$ etc31