Present Continuous

FORM
[am/is/are + present participle] Examples:

You are watching TV. Are you watching TV? You are not watching TV.

Complete List of Present Continuous Forms

USE 1 Now

Use the Present Continuous with Normal Verbs to express the idea that something is happening now, at this very moment. It can also be used to show that something is not happening now. Examples:

You are learning English now. You are not swimming now. Are you sleeping? I am sitting. I am not standing. Is he sitting or standing? They are reading their books. They are not watching television. What are you doing? Why aren't you doing your homework?

USE 2 Longer Actions in Progress Now

REFERENCE :

EnglishClub.com , the website : http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbtenses_present-continuous_u.htm , Accessed on 20th January 2011.

In English, "now" can mean: this second, today, this month, this year, this century, and so on. Sometimes, we use the Present Continuous to say that we are in the process of doing a longer action which is in progress; however, we might not be doing it at this exact second. Examples: (All of these sentences can be said while eating dinner in a restaurant.)

I am studying to become a doctor. I am not studying to become a dentist. I am reading the book Tom Sawyer. I am not reading any books right now. Are you working on any special projects at work? Aren't you teaching at the university now?

USE 3 Near Future

Sometimes, speakers use the Present Continuous to indicate that something will or will not happen in the near future. Examples:

I am meeting some friends after work. I am not going to the party tonight. Is he visiting his parents next weekend? Isn't he coming with us tonight?

USE 4 Repetition and Irritation with "Always"

The Present Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea that something irritating or shocking often happens. Notice that the meaning is like Simple Present,
REFERENCE :

EnglishClub.com , the website : http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbtenses_present-continuous_u.htm , Accessed on 20th January 2011.

but with negative emotion. Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly" between "be" and "verb+ing." Examples:

She is always coming to class late. He is constantly talking. I wish he would shut up. I don't like them because they are always complaining.

REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs/ Mixed Verbs

It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Present Continuous with these verbs, you must use Simple Present. Examples:

She is loving this chocolate ice cream. Not Correct She loves this chocolate ice cream. Correct

ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc. Examples:

You are still watching TV. Are you still watching TV?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:

Right now, Tom is writing the letter. Active Right now, the letter is being written by Tom. Passive

REFERENCE :

EnglishClub.com , the website : http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbtenses_present-continuous_u.htm , Accessed on 20th January 2011.

How do we use the Present Continuous Tense?

We use the present continuous tense to talk about:

action happening now action in the future

Present continuous tense for action happening now

a) for action happening exactly now
I am eating my lunch. past present future

The action is happening now.

Look at these examples. Right now you are looking at this screen and at the same time...

...the pages are turning.

...the candle is burning.

...the numbers are spinning.

b) for action happening around now The action may not be happening exactly now, but it is happening just before and just after now, and it is not permanent or habitual.
John is going out with Mary. REFERENCE :

EnglishClub.com , the website : http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbtenses_present-continuous_u.htm , Accessed on 20th January 2011.

past

present

future

The action is happening around now.

Look at these examples:

Muriel is learning to drive. I am living with my sister until I find an apartment.

Present continuous tense for the future

We can also use the present continuous tense to talk about the future - if we add a future word!! We must add (or understand from the context) a future word. "Future words" include, for example, tomorrow, next year, in June, at Christmas etc. We only use the present continuous tense to talk about the future when we have planned to do something before we speak. We have already made a decision and a plan before speaking.
I am taking my exam next month. past present !!! A firm plan or programme exists now. future

The action is in the future.

Look at these examples:

We're eating in a restaurant tonight. We've already booked the table.. REFERENCE :

EnglishClub.com , the website : http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbtenses_present-continuous_u.htm , Accessed on 20th January 2011.

They can play tennis with you tomorrow. They're not working. When are you starting your new job?

In these examples, we have a firm plan or programme before speaking. The decision and plan were made before speaking.

REFERENCE :

EnglishClub.com , the website : http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbtenses_present-continuous_u.htm , Accessed on 20th January 2011.