Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Tabular Results
Results were generated with the finite element program FE/Pipe. Stress results are post-processed in accordance with the rules specified in ASME Section III and ASME
Section VIII, Division 2.
Analysis Time Stamp: Tue Aug 31 14:33:56 2010.
Model Notes
Load Case Report
Solution Data
ASME Code Stress Output Plots
Region Data
ASME Overstressed Areas
Highest Primary Stress Ratios
Highest Secondary Stress Ratios
Highest Fatigue Stress Ratios
Stress Intensification Factors
Allowable Loads
Flexibilities
Graphical Results
Model Notes
Input Echo:
Description:
Vessel 180-V52
Nozzle: S1
14"-300#-RF
Caesar Node:10311
Shell of vessel and nozzle in corroded conditions
Case without reinforcing pad.
Model Type
: Cylindrical Shell
:
:
2440.000 mm.
14.000 mm.
Parent Properties:
Material DB # 1046514.
(See Output Reports for Allowables.)
Elastic Modulus (Amb) :
203400.0 MPa
Poissons Ratio
:
0.300
Expansion Coefficient : 0.1365E-04 mm./mm./deg.
Weight Density
: 0.0000E+00 N /cu.mm.(NOT USED)
Hillside Offset Distance
-830.000 mm.
:
:
:
:
:
:
425.000
28.700
366.000
0.000
1000.000
1000.000
mm.
mm.
mm.
deg.
mm.
mm.
Nozzle Properties
Material DB # 1026915.
(See Output Reports for Allowables.)
Elastic Modulus (Amb) :
203400.0 MPa
Poissons Ratio
:
0.300
Expansion Coefficient : 0.1365E-04 mm./mm./deg.
Weight Density
: 0.0000E+00 N /cu.mm. (NOT USED)
Design Operating Cycles
Ambient Temperature (Deg.)
:
:
7000.
21.10
Nozzle
Nozzle
Vessel
Vessel
Nozzle
Vessel
Inside Temperature
Outside Temperature
Inside Temperature
Outside Temperature
Pressure
Pressure
:
:
:
:
:
:
410.00
410.00
410.00
410.00
0.750
0.750
deg.
deg.
deg.
deg.
MPa
MPa
N )
Moments (N-m)
Load Case
FX
FY
FZ
MX
MY
MZ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------WEIGHT:
18.0
-9934.0
-1072.0
10676.0
2772.0
-12293.0
OPER:
3465.0
-2235.0
7640.0
1826.0
-35655.0
-23960.0
FEA Model Loads:
These are the actual loads applied to the FEA model.
These are the User Defined Loads translated to the
end of the nozzle and reported in global coordinates.
Forces(
N )
Moments (N-m)
Load Case
FX
FY
FZ
MX
MY
MZ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------WEIGHT:
18.0
-9934.0
-1072.0
10676.0
2772.0
-12293.0
OPER:
3465.0
-2235.0
7640.0
1826.0
-35655.0
-23960.0
Both ends of the model are "fixed," except that one end
is free axially so that longitudinal pressure stresses
may be developed in the geometry.
Stresses ARE nodally AVERAGED.
No weld dimensions have been given for the nozzle
connection to the shell. This will produce conservative
results for external loads and may tend to produce more
realistic inside surface pressure stresses.
Vessel Centerline Vector
Nozzle Orientation Vector
:
:
0.000
1.000
0.000
0.000
1.000
0.000
Table of Contents
10
WEIGHT ONLY
Weight ONLY case run to get the stress range
between the installed and the operating states.
/-------- Loads in Case
Loads due to Weight
SUSTAINED
Sustained case run to satisfy local primary
membrane and bending stress limits.
/-------- Loads in Case
Loads due to Weight
Pressure Case
1
Thermal ONLY
Thermal ONLY case run in the event expansion
stresses exceed the secondary stress allowable.
/-------- Loads in Case
Temperature Case
1
OPERATING
Case run to compute the operating stresses used in
secondary, peak and range calculations as needed.
EXPANSION
10
Table of Contents
Solution Data
Maximum Solution Row Size
Number of Nodes
Number of Elements
Number of Solution Cases
=
=
=
=
780
1963
628
9
FX
18.
-12957.
0.
-9510.
280718672.
0.
0.
0.
-12975.
FY
-9930.
-9992.
0.
-2301.
-1322.
2.
-9.
0.
-62.
FZ
-1070.
3425908.
0.
3434616.
481.
-13.
3.
0.
3426978.
Table of Contents
Region Data
Header at Junction
Cold Allowable ...........
Hot Allowable @ 410 deg ..
Case
2
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
4
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
5
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
6
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
7
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
8
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
9
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case 10
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Smallest Thickness .......
Stress Concentration .....
138.
83.
MPa
MPa
6.
65.
MPa
MPa
12.
65.
MPa
MPa
18.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.350
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
84.
MPa
MPa
6.
65.
MPa
MPa
12.
65.
MPa
MPa
18.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
Branch at Junction
Cold Allowable ...........
Hot Allowable @ 410 deg ..
Case
2
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
4
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
5
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
6
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
7
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
8
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
9
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case 10
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Smallest Thickness .......
Stress Concentration .....
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.350
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
84.
MPa
MPa
6.
65.
MPa
MPa
12.
65.
MPa
MPa
18.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.350
MPa
MPa
mm.
Branch Transition
Cold Allowable ...........
Hot Allowable @ 410 deg ..
Case
2
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
4
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
5
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
6
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
7
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
8
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
9
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case 10
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Smallest Thickness .......
Stress Concentration .....
138.
83.
MPa
MPa
6.
65.
MPa
MPa
12.
65.
MPa
MPa
18.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.000
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
84.
MPa
MPa
6.
65.
MPa
MPa
12.
65.
MPa
MPa
18.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
Case
7
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
8
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
9
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case 10
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Smallest Thickness .......
Stress Concentration .....
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.000
MPa
MPa
mm.
Table of Contents
4S
333
MPa
SPS
372
MPa
SPS
372
MPa
106%
Pl+Pb+Q
439
MPa
117%
Pl+Pb+Q-Qt
439
MPa
117%
Table of Contents
4S
333
MPa
(1.5)(S)
125
MPa
106%
Branch at Junction
Pl
86
MPa
68%
Branch Transition
S1+S2+S3
39
MPa
4S
334
MPa
11%
Header/Pad removed from Junction
Pl
81
MPa
(1.5)(S)
125
MPa
65%
S1+S2+S3
77
MPa
4S
334
MPa
23%
Table of Contents
SPS
372
MPa
SPS
406
MPa
SPS
406
MPa
117%
Branch at Junction
Pl+Pb+Q
150
MPa
36%
Branch Transition
Pl+Pb+Q
32
MPa
7%
Header/Pad removed from Junction
Pl+Pb+Q
242
MPa
SPS
372
MPa
64%
Branch removed from Junction
Pl+Pb+Q
59
MPa
SPS
406
MPa
14%
Table of Contents
Damage Ratio
0.187 Life
0.589 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
58%
Branch at Junction
Pl+Pb+Q+F
Damage Ratio
91
MPa
0.014 Life
0.315 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
31%
Branch Transition
Pl+Pb+Q+F
21
MPa
Damage Ratio
0.000 Life
0.074 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
7%
Damage Ratio
0.001 Life
0.256 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
25%
Damage Ratio
0.000 Life
0.093 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
9%
Peak
40.385
8.808
30.419
8.728
1.098
Primary
8.265
7.784
6.116
5.101
1.349
Secondary
59.830
13.048
45.065
12.930
1.627
425.000
28.700
3540132.750
3318382.750
B31.3
Peak Stress Sif ....
B31.1
Peak Stress Sif ....
WRC 330
Peak Stress Sif ....
mm.
mm.
cu.mm.
cu.mm.
0.000
27.607
36.126
1.000
Axial
Inplane
Outplane
Torsional
0.000
22.692
22.692
22.692
Axial
Inplane
Outplane
Torsional
0.000
15.317
15.317
2.502
Axial
Inplane
Outplane
Torsional
Table of Contents
Allowable Loads
SECONDARY
Load Type (Range):
Axial Force
Inplane
Moment
Outplane Moment
Torsional Moment
Pressure
( N
(mm.
(mm.
(mm.
(MPa
)
N )
N )
N )
)
Maximum
Individual
Occuring
222033.
94549728.
27376168.
95414960.
2.62
Conservative
Simultaneous
Occuring
53450.
16094275.
4659977.
22969026.
0.75
Realistic
Simultaneous
Occuring
80174.
34141112.
9885304.
34453540.
0.75
)
N )
N )
N )
)
Maximum
Individual
Occuring
539233.
53173652.
67677336.
81139928.
1.06
Conservative
Simultaneous
Occuring
52661.
3671927.
4673484.
7924049.
0.75
Realistic
Simultaneous
Occuring
78991.
7789333.
9913957.
11886074.
0.75
PRIMARY
Load Type:
Axial Force
Inplane
Moment
Outplane Moment
Torsional Moment
Pressure
( N
(mm.
(mm.
(mm.
(MPa
NOTES:
1) Maximum Individual Occuring Loads are the maximum
allowed values of the respective loads if all other
load components are zero, i.e. the listed axial force
may be applied if the inplane, outplane and torsional
moments, and the pressure are zero.
2) The Conservative Allowable Simultaneous loads are
the maximum loads that can be applied simultaneously.
A conservative stress combination equation is used
that typically produces stresses within 50-70% of the
allowable stress.
3) The Realistic Allowable Simultaneous loads are the
maximum loads that can be applied simultaneously. A
more realistic stress combination equation is used
based on experience at Paulin Research. Stresses are
typically produced within 80-105% of the allowable.
4) Secondary allowable loads are limits for expansion
and operating piping loads.
5) Primary allowable loads are limits for weight,
primary and sustained type piping loads.
Table of Contents
Flexibilities
425.000
28.700
mm.
mm.
=
=
=
=
222470.
375570080.
78261904.
457778688.
N /mm.
mm. N /deg
mm. N /deg
mm. N /deg
Table of Contents
Finite Element Model
Elements at Discontinuity
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
Model Notes
Load Case Report
Solution Data
ASME Code Stress Output Plots
Region Data
ASME Overstressed Areas
Highest Primary Stress Ratios
Highest Secondary Stress Ratios
Highest Fatigue Stress Ratios
Stress Intensification Factors
Allowable Loads
Flexibilities
Graphical Results
Model Notes
Input Echo:
Description:
Vessel 180-V52
Nozzle: S1
14"-300#-RF
Caesar Node:10311
Shell of vessel and nozzle in corroded conditions
Case with reinforcing pad.
Model Type
: Cylindrical Shell
:
:
2440.000 mm.
14.000 mm.
Parent Properties:
Material DB # 1046514.
(See Output Reports for Allowables.)
Elastic Modulus (Amb) :
203400.0 MPa
Poissons Ratio
:
0.300
Expansion Coefficient : 0.1365E-04 mm./mm./deg.
Weight Density
: 0.0000E+00 N /cu.mm.(NOT USED)
Hillside Offset Distance
-830.000 mm.
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
425.000
28.700
366.000
150.000
14.000
0.000
1000.000
1000.000
mm.
mm.
mm.
mm.
mm.
deg.
mm.
mm.
Nozzle Properties
Material DB # 1026915.
(See Output Reports for Allowables.)
Elastic Modulus (Amb) :
203400.0 MPa
Poissons Ratio
:
0.300
Expansion Coefficient : 0.1365E-04 mm./mm./deg.
Weight Density
: 0.0000E+00 N /cu.mm. (NOT USED)
Design Operating Cycles
Ambient Temperature (Deg.)
:
:
7000.
21.10
Nozzle
Nozzle
Vessel
Vessel
Nozzle
Vessel
Inside Temperature
Outside Temperature
Inside Temperature
Outside Temperature
Pressure
Pressure
:
:
:
:
:
:
410.00
410.00
410.00
410.00
0.750
0.750
deg.
deg.
deg.
deg.
MPa
MPa
N )
Moments (N-m)
Load Case
FX
FY
FZ
MX
MY
MZ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------WEIGHT:
18.0
-9934.0
-1072.0
10676.0
2772.0
-12293.0
OPER:
3465.0
-2235.0
7640.0
1826.0
-35655.0
-23960.0
FEA Model Loads:
These are the actual loads applied to the FEA model.
These are the User Defined Loads translated to the
end of the nozzle and reported in global coordinates.
Forces(
N )
Moments (N-m)
Load Case
FX
FY
FZ
MX
MY
MZ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------WEIGHT:
18.0
-9934.0
-1072.0
10676.0
2772.0
-12293.0
OPER:
3465.0
-2235.0
7640.0
1826.0
-35655.0
-23960.0
Both ends of the model are "fixed," except that one end
is free axially so that longitudinal pressure stresses
may be developed in the geometry.
Stresses ARE nodally AVERAGED.
No weld dimensions have been given for the nozzle
connection to the shell. This will produce conservative
results for external loads and may tend to produce more
realistic inside surface pressure stresses.
No pad weld dimensions have been given for the pad
connection to the shell. Few correlations have been
performed to investigate the sensitivity of peak stresses
to this value. Reasonable lengths have been assumed.
Vessel Centerline Vector
Nozzle Orientation Vector
:
:
0.000
1.000
0.000
0.000
1.000
0.000
Table of Contents
10
WEIGHT ONLY
Weight ONLY case run to get the stress range
between the installed and the operating states.
/-------- Loads in Case
Loads due to Weight
SUSTAINED
Sustained case run to satisfy local primary
membrane and bending stress limits.
/-------- Loads in Case
Loads due to Weight
Pressure Case
1
Thermal ONLY
Thermal ONLY case run in the event expansion
stresses exceed the secondary stress allowable.
/-------- Loads in Case
Temperature Case
1
OPERATING
Case run to compute the operating stresses used in
secondary, peak and range calculations as needed.
/-------- Loads in Case
Pressure Case
1
Temperature Case
1
Loads from (Operating)
EXPANSION
10
Table of Contents
Solution Data
Maximum Solution Row Size
Number of Nodes
Number of Elements
Number of Solution Cases
=
=
=
=
708
1947
628
9
FX
18.
-13308.
0.
-9861.
280718672.
0.
0.
0.
-13326.
FY
-9930.
-10335.
0.
-2644.
-1347.
2.
-10.
0.
-405.
FZ
-1070.
3425853.
0.
3434561.
530.
-13.
4.
0.
3426923.
Table of Contents
Region Data
Header/Pad at Junction
Cold Allowable ...........
Hot Allowable @ 410 deg ..
Case
2
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
4
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
5
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
6
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
7
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
8
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
9
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case 10
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Smallest Thickness .......
Stress Concentration .....
138.
83.
MPa
MPa
6.
65.
MPa
MPa
12.
65.
MPa
MPa
18.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.350
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
84.
MPa
MPa
6.
65.
MPa
MPa
12.
65.
MPa
MPa
18.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
Branch at Junction
Cold Allowable ...........
Hot Allowable @ 410 deg ..
Case
2
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
4
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
5
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
6
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
7
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
8
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
9
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case 10
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Smallest Thickness .......
Stress Concentration .....
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.350
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
84.
MPa
MPa
6.
65.
MPa
MPa
12.
65.
MPa
MPa
18.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.350
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
83.
MPa
MPa
6.
65.
MPa
MPa
12.
65.
MPa
MPa
18.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.350
MPa
MPa
mm.
Branch Transition
Cold Allowable ...........
Hot Allowable @ 410 deg ..
Case
2
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
4
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
5
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
6
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
7
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
8
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
9
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case 10
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Smallest Thickness .......
Stress Concentration .....
Pad Outer Edge Weld
Cold Allowable ...........
Hot Allowable @ 410 deg ..
Case
2
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
4
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
5
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
6
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
7
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
8
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
9
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case 10
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Smallest Thickness .......
Stress Concentration .....
138.
83.
MPa
MPa
6.
65.
MPa
MPa
12.
65.
MPa
MPa
18.
MPa
65.
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.000
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
84.
MPa
MPa
6.
65.
MPa
MPa
12.
65.
MPa
MPa
18.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.000
MPa
MPa
mm.
Table of Contents
4S
333
MPa
(1.5)(S)
125
MPa
59%
Branch at Junction
Pl
53
MPa
42%
Branch Transition
Pl
10
MPa
(1.5)(S)
125
MPa
8%
Pad Outer Edge Weld
Pl
71
MPa
(1.5)(S)
125
MPa
57%
Header/Pad removed from Junction
Pl
62
MPa
(1.5)(S)
125
MPa
49%
Branch removed from Junction
S1+S2+S3
51
MPa
4S
334
MPa
15%
Table of Contents
SPS
372
MPa
SPS
406
MPa
SPS
406
MPa
SPS
372
MPa
34%
Branch at Junction
Pl+Pb+Q
129
MPa
31%
Branch Transition
Pl+Pb+Q
24
MPa
5%
Pad Outer Edge Weld
Pl+Pb+Q
184
MPa
49%
Header/Pad removed from Junction
Pl+Pb+Q
80
MPa
SPS
372
MPa
21%
SPS
406
MPa
9%
Table of Contents
Damage Ratio
0.000 Life
0.205 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
20%
Branch at Junction
Pl+Pb+Q+F
67
MPa
Damage Ratio
0.000 Life
0.232 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
23%
Branch Transition
Pl+Pb+Q+F
16
MPa
Damage Ratio
0.000 Life
0.056 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
5%
Damage Ratio
0.016 Life
0.324 Stress
Damage Ratio
0.000 Life
0.119 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
11%
Damage Ratio
0.000 Life
0.061 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
6%
Table of Contents
Peak
13.348
3.419
8.346
3.112
1.237
Primary
5.666
3.170
3.037
2.386
1.008
Secondary
19.774
5.066
12.364
4.610
1.833
425.000
28.700
3540132.750
3318382.750
B31.3
Peak Stress Sif ....
B31.1
Peak Stress Sif ....
WRC 330
Peak Stress Sif ....
mm.
mm.
cu.mm.
cu.mm.
0.000
14.297
18.379
1.000
Axial
Inplane
Outplane
Torsional
0.000
18.379
18.379
18.379
Axial
Inplane
Outplane
Torsional
0.000
8.966
18.379
8.966
Axial
Inplane
Outplane
Torsional
Table of Contents
Allowable Loads
SECONDARY
Load Type (Range):
Axial Force
Inplane
Moment
Outplane Moment
Torsional Moment
Pressure
( N
(mm.
(mm.
(mm.
(MPa
)
N )
N )
N )
)
Maximum
Individual
Occuring
671803.
259934128.
99783992.
267588528.
2.33
Conservative
Simultaneous
Occuring
167786.
49177812.
15939627.
76255464.
0.75
Realistic
Simultaneous
Occuring
251679.
104321896.
33813056.
114383192.
0.75
)
N )
N )
N )
)
Maximum
Individual
Occuring
786599.
130550840.
136306208.
173485840.
1.42
Conservative
Simultaneous
Occuring
129692.
16348145.
15333638.
28143346.
0.75
Realistic
Simultaneous
Occuring
194538.
34679652.
32527558.
42215020.
0.75
PRIMARY
Load Type:
Axial Force
Inplane
Moment
Outplane Moment
Torsional Moment
Pressure
( N
(mm.
(mm.
(mm.
(MPa
NOTES:
1) Maximum Individual Occuring Loads are the maximum
allowed values of the respective loads if all other
load components are zero, i.e. the listed axial force
may be applied if the inplane, outplane and torsional
moments, and the pressure are zero.
2) The Conservative Allowable Simultaneous loads are
the maximum loads that can be applied simultaneously.
A conservative stress combination equation is used
that typically produces stresses within 50-70% of the
allowable stress.
3) The Realistic Allowable Simultaneous loads are the
maximum loads that can be applied simultaneously. A
more realistic stress combination equation is used
based on experience at Paulin Research. Stresses are
typically produced within 80-105% of the allowable.
4) Secondary allowable loads are limits for expansion
and operating piping loads.
5) Primary allowable loads are limits for weight,
primary and sustained type piping loads.
Table of Contents
Flexibilities
The following stiffnesses should be used in a piping,
"beam-type" analysis of the intersection. The stiffnesses should be inserted at the surface of the
branch/header or nozzle/vessel junction. The general
characteristics used for the branch pipe should be:
Outside Diameter =
Wall Thickness
=
425.000
28.700
mm.
mm.
=
=
=
=
393237.
726421312.
171983600.
1007323392.
N /mm.
mm. N /deg
mm. N /deg
mm. N /deg
Table of Contents
Elements at Discontinuity
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
Model Notes
Load Case Report
Solution Data
ASME Code Stress Output Plots
Region Data
ASME Overstressed Areas
Highest Primary Stress Ratios
Highest Secondary Stress Ratios
Highest Fatigue Stress Ratios
Stress Intensification Factors
Allowable Loads
Flexibilities
Graphical Results
Model Notes
Input Echo:
Description:
Vessel 180-V52
Nozzle: S2
14"-300#-RF
Caesar Node:10511
Shell of vessel and nozzle in corroded conditions .
Case without reinforcing pad.
Model Type
: Cylindrical Shell
:
:
2440.000 mm.
14.000 mm.
Parent Properties:
Material DB # 1046514.
(See Output Reports for Allowables.)
Elastic Modulus (Amb) :
203400.0 MPa
Poissons Ratio
:
0.300
Expansion Coefficient : 0.1365E-04 mm./mm./deg.
Weight Density
: 0.0000E+00 N /cu.mm.(NOT USED)
Nozzle Outside Diameter
Thickness
Length
Nozzle Tilt Angle
Distance from Top
Distance from Bottom
:
:
:
:
:
:
425.000
28.700
227.000
0.000
1000.000
1000.000
mm.
mm.
mm.
deg.
mm.
mm.
Nozzle Properties
Material DB # 1026915.
(See Output Reports for Allowables.)
Elastic Modulus (Amb) :
203400.0 MPa
Poissons Ratio
:
0.300
Expansion Coefficient : 0.1365E-04 mm./mm./deg.
Weight Density
: 0.0000E+00 N /cu.mm. (NOT USED)
Design Operating Cycles
Ambient Temperature (Deg.)
:
:
7000.
21.10
:
:
:
410.00 deg.
410.00 deg.
410.00 deg.
:
:
:
410.00 deg.
0.750 MPa
0.750 MPa
N )
Moments (N-m)
Load Case
FX
FY
FZ
MX
MY
MZ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------WEIGHT:
499.0
-18973.0
-950.0
-3270.0
1400.0
-16505.0
OPER:
-18388.0
28389.0
-3558.0
30044.0
-2019.0
19013.0
FEA Model Loads:
These are the actual loads applied to the FEA model.
These are the User Defined Loads translated to the
end of the nozzle and reported in global coordinates.
Forces(
N )
Moments (N-m)
Load Case
FX
FY
FZ
MX
MY
MZ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------WEIGHT:
499.0
-18973.0
-950.0
-3054.4
1400.0
-16391.7
OPER:
-18388.0
28389.0
-3558.0
30851.7
-2019.0
14838.9
Both ends of the model are "fixed," except that one end
is free axially so that longitudinal pressure stresses
may be developed in the geometry.
Stresses ARE nodally AVERAGED.
No weld dimensions have been given for the nozzle
connection to the shell. This will produce conservative
results for external loads and may tend to produce more
realistic inside surface pressure stresses.
Vessel Centerline Vector
Nozzle Orientation Vector
:
:
0.000
0.000
0.000
1.000
1.000
0.000
Table of Contents
10
WEIGHT ONLY
Weight ONLY case run to get the stress range
between the installed and the operating states.
/-------- Loads in Case
Loads due to Weight
SUSTAINED
Sustained case run to satisfy local primary
membrane and bending stress limits.
/-------- Loads in Case
Loads due to Weight
Pressure Case
1
Thermal ONLY
Thermal ONLY case run in the event expansion
stresses exceed the secondary stress allowable.
/-------- Loads in Case
Temperature Case
1
OPERATING
Case run to compute the operating stresses used in
secondary, peak and range calculations as needed.
/-------- Loads in Case
Pressure Case
1
Temperature Case
1
EXPANSION
10
Table of Contents
Solution Data
Maximum Solution Row Size
Number of Nodes
Number of Elements
Number of Solution Cases
=
=
=
=
708
1731
556
9
FX
499.
499.
0.
-18400.
0.
0.
-8.
0.
0.
FY
-19000.
-31947.
0.
15443.
280718672.
0.
0.
0.
-12947.
FZ
-950.
3426008.
0.
3423399.
0.
11.
0.
0.
3426958.
Table of Contents
Region Data
Header Next to Nozzle Weld
Cold Allowable ...........
Hot Allowable @ 410 deg ..
Case
2
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
4
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
5
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
6
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
7
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
8
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
9
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case 10
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Smallest Thickness .......
Stress Concentration .....
138.
83.
MPa
MPa
5.
65.
MPa
MPa
3.
65.
MPa
MPa
9.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.350
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
84.
MPa
MPa
5.
65.
MPa
MPa
3.
65.
MPa
MPa
9.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
Case
9
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case 10
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Smallest Thickness .......
Stress Concentration .....
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.350
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
84.
MPa
MPa
5.
65.
MPa
MPa
3.
65.
MPa
MPa
9.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.350
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
83.
MPa
MPa
5.
65.
MPa
MPa
3.
65.
MPa
MPa
9.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.000
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
84.
MPa
MPa
5.
65.
MPa
MPa
3.
65.
MPa
MPa
9.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
MPa
Branch Transition
Cold Allowable ...........
Hot Allowable @ 410 deg ..
Case
2
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
4
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
5
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
6
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
7
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
8
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
9
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case 10
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Smallest Thickness .......
Stress Concentration .....
Header away from Junction
Cold Allowable ...........
Hot Allowable @ 410 deg ..
Case
2
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
4
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
5
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
6
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
7
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
8
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
9
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case 10
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Smallest Thickness .......
Stress Concentration .....
Branch away from Junction
Cold Allowable ...........
Hot Allowable @ 410 deg ..
Case
2
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
4
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
5
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
6
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
0.
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.000
MPa
MPa
mm.
Table of Contents
SPS
249
MPa
4S
333
MPa
SPS
372
MPa
User
372
MPa
SPS
372
MPa
SPS
372
MPa
105%
S1+S2+S3
443
MPa
133%
Pl+Pb+Q
429
MPa
115%
Bending
375
MPa
100%
Pl+Pb+Q
571
MPa
153%
Pl+Pb+Q
675
MPa
181%
Pl+Pb+Q+F
797
MPa
Damage Ratio
18.264 Life
5.677 Stress
Damage Ratio
48.306 Life
8.523 Stress
Allowable
140.3
MPa
567%
Pl+Pb+Q+F
1,197
MPa
Allowable
140.4
MPa
852%
SPS
372
MPa
SPS
372
MPa
SPS
372
MPa
181%
Pl+Pb+Q-Qt
571
MPa
153%
Pl+Pb+Q-Qt
429
MPa
115%
Header away from Junction
Pl+Pb+Q
401
MPa
SPS
372
MPa
SPS
372
MPa
107%
Pl+Pb+Q-Qt
401
MPa
107%
Table of Contents
4S
333
MPa
133%
Branch Next to Header Weld
Pl
86
MPa
(1.5)(S)
125
MPa
68%
Branch Transition
S1+S2+S3
68
MPa
4S
334
MPa
20%
Header away from Junction
S1+S2+S3
265
MPa
4S
333
MPa
79%
Table of Contents
SPS
372
MPa
181%
Branch Next to Header Weld
Pl+Pb+Q
202
MPa
SPS
406
MPa
SPS
406
MPa
49%
Branch Transition
Pl+Pb+Q
61
MPa
14%
Header away from Junction
Pl+Pb+Q-Qt
401
MPa
SPS
372
MPa
107%
Table of Contents
Damage Ratio
48.306 Life
8.523 Stress
Allowable
140.4
MPa
852%
Damage Ratio
0.072 Life
0.470 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
46%
Branch Transition
Pl+Pb+Q+F
41
MPa
Allowable
Damage Ratio
0.000 Life
0.141 Stress
290.5
MPa
14%
Damage Ratio
0.478 Life
0.800 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
80%
Table of Contents
Axial
:
Inplane :
Outplane:
Torsion :
Pressure:
Primary
9.290
5.554
6.953
1.747
1.378
Secondary
65.547
20.513
48.283
1.975
1.538
425.000
28.700
3540132.750
3318382.750
B31.3
Peak Stress Sif ....
B31.1
Peak Stress Sif ....
WRC 330
Peak Stress Sif ....
mm.
mm.
cu.mm.
cu.mm.
0.000
27.607
36.126
1.000
Axial
Inplane
Outplane
Torsional
0.000
22.692
22.692
22.692
Axial
Inplane
Outplane
Torsional
0.000
15.317
15.317
2.502
Axial
Inplane
Outplane
Torsional
Table of Contents
Allowable Loads
SECONDARY
Load Type (Range):
Axial Force
( N
Inplane
Moment (mm.
Maximum
Individual
Occuring
)
202669.
N )
60143128.
Conservative
Simultaneous
Occuring
49286.
10342052.
Realistic
Simultaneous
Occuring
73929.
21938806.
N )
N )
)
25551594.
624537792.
2.77
)
N )
N )
N )
)
Maximum
Individual
Occuring
480914.
74519016.
59531608.
236882064.
1.04
PRIMARY
Load Type:
Axial Force
Inplane
Moment
Outplane Moment
Torsional Moment
Pressure
( N
(mm.
(mm.
(mm.
(MPa
4393784.
152372496.
0.75
9320624.
228558736.
0.75
Conservative
Simultaneous
Occuring
44592.
4885859.
3903206.
21964484.
0.75
Realistic
Simultaneous
Occuring
66888.
10364472.
8279950.
32946726.
0.75
NOTES:
1) Maximum Individual Occuring Loads are the maximum
allowed values of the respective loads if all other
load components are zero, i.e. the listed axial force
may be applied if the inplane, outplane and torsional
moments, and the pressure are zero.
2) The Conservative Allowable Simultaneous loads are
the maximum loads that can be applied simultaneously.
A conservative stress combination equation is used
that typically produces stresses within 50-70% of the
allowable stress.
3) The Realistic Allowable Simultaneous loads are the
maximum loads that can be applied simultaneously. A
more realistic stress combination equation is used
based on experience at Paulin Research. Stresses are
typically produced within 80-105% of the allowable.
4) Secondary allowable loads are limits for expansion
and operating piping loads.
5) Primary allowable loads are limits for weight,
primary and sustained type piping loads.
Table of Contents
Flexibilities
The following stiffnesses should be used in a piping,
"beam-type" analysis of the intersection. The stiffnesses should be inserted at the surface of the
branch/header or nozzle/vessel junction. The general
characteristics used for the branch pipe should be:
Outside Diameter =
Wall Thickness
=
425.000
28.700
mm.
mm.
=
=
=
=
95695.
150276864.
44773492.
8668428288.
N /mm.
mm. N /deg
mm. N /deg
mm. N /deg
Table of Contents
Finite Element Model
Elements at Discontinuity
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
Model Notes
Load Case Report
Solution Data
ASME Code Stress Output Plots
Region Data
ASME Overstressed Areas
Highest Primary Stress Ratios
Highest Secondary Stress Ratios
Highest Fatigue Stress Ratios
Stress Intensification Factors
Allowable Loads
Flexibilities
Graphical Results
Model Notes
Input Echo:
Description:
Vessel 180-V52
Nozzle: S2
14"-300#-RF
Caesar Node:10511
Shell of vessel and nozzle in corroded conditions .
Case with reinforcing pad.
Model Type
: Cylindrical Shell
:
:
2440.000 mm.
14.000 mm.
Parent Properties:
Material DB # 1046514.
(See Output Reports for Allowables.)
Elastic Modulus (Amb) :
203400.0 MPa
Poissons Ratio
:
0.300
Expansion Coefficient : 0.1365E-04 mm./mm./deg.
Weight Density
: 0.0000E+00 N /cu.mm.(NOT USED)
Nozzle Outside Diameter
Thickness
Length
RePad Width
RePad Thickness
Nozzle Tilt Angle
Distance from Top
Distance from Bottom
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
425.000
28.700
227.000
150.000
16.000
0.000
1000.000
1000.000
mm.
mm.
mm.
mm.
mm.
deg.
mm.
mm.
Nozzle Properties
Material DB # 1026915.
(See Output Reports for Allowables.)
Elastic Modulus (Amb) :
203400.0 MPa
Poissons Ratio
:
0.300
Expansion Coefficient : 0.1365E-04 mm./mm./deg.
Weight Density
: 0.0000E+00 N /cu.mm. (NOT USED)
Design Operating Cycles
Ambient Temperature (Deg.)
:
:
7000.
21.10
Temperature
410.00 deg.
Nozzle
Vessel
Vessel
Nozzle
Vessel
Outside Temperature
Inside Temperature
Outside Temperature
Pressure
Pressure
:
:
:
:
:
410.00
410.00
410.00
0.750
0.750
deg.
deg.
deg.
MPa
MPa
N )
Moments (N-m)
Load Case
FX
FY
FZ
MX
MY
MZ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------WEIGHT:
499.0
-18973.0
-950.0
-3270.0
1400.0
-16505.0
OPER:
-18388.0
28389.0
-3558.0
30044.0
-2019.0
19013.0
FEA Model Loads:
These are the actual loads applied to the FEA model.
These are the User Defined Loads translated to the
end of the nozzle and reported in global coordinates.
Forces(
N )
Moments (N-m)
Load Case
FX
FY
FZ
MX
MY
MZ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------WEIGHT:
499.0
-18973.0
-950.0
-3054.4
1400.0
-16391.7
OPER:
-18388.0
28389.0
-3558.0
30851.7
-2019.0
14838.9
Both ends of the model are "fixed," except that one end
is free axially so that longitudinal pressure stresses
may be developed in the geometry.
Stresses ARE nodally AVERAGED.
No weld dimensions have been given for the nozzle
connection to the shell. This will produce conservative
results for external loads and may tend to produce more
realistic inside surface pressure stresses.
No pad weld dimensions have been given for the pad
connection to the shell. Few correlations have been
performed to investigate the sensitivity of peak stresses
to this value. Reasonable lengths have been assumed.
Vessel Centerline Vector
Nozzle Orientation Vector
:
:
0.000
0.000
0.000
1.000
1.000
0.000
Table of Contents
10
WEIGHT ONLY
Weight ONLY case run to get the stress range
between the installed and the operating states.
/-------- Loads in Case
Loads due to Weight
SUSTAINED
Sustained case run to satisfy local primary
membrane and bending stress limits.
/-------- Loads in Case
Loads due to Weight
Pressure Case
1
Thermal ONLY
Thermal ONLY case run in the event expansion
stresses exceed the secondary stress allowable.
/-------- Loads in Case
Temperature Case
1
OPERATING
EXPANSION
10
Table of Contents
Solution Data
Maximum Solution Row Size
Number of Nodes
Number of Elements
Number of Solution Cases
=
=
=
=
708
2019
652
9
FX
499.
499.
0.
-18400.
0.
0.
-8.
0.
0.
FY
-19000.
-32181.
0.
15209.
280718672.
0.
0.
0.
-13181.
FZ
-950.
3425979.
0.
3423371.
0.
12.
0.
0.
3426929.
Table of Contents
Region Data
Pad/Header at Junction
Cold Allowable ...........
Hot Allowable @ 410 deg ..
Case
2
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
4
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
5
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
6
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
7
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
8
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
9
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case 10
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Smallest Thickness .......
Stress Concentration .....
138.
83.
MPa
MPa
5.
65.
MPa
MPa
3.
65.
MPa
MPa
9.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.350
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
84.
MPa
MPa
5.
65.
MPa
MPa
3.
65.
MPa
MPa
9.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
MPa
Branch at Junction
Cold Allowable ...........
Hot Allowable @ 410 deg ..
Case
2
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
4
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
5
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
6
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
7
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
8
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
0.
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.350
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
84.
MPa
MPa
5.
65.
MPa
MPa
3.
65.
MPa
MPa
9.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.000
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
83.
MPa
MPa
5.
65.
MPa
MPa
3.
65.
MPa
MPa
9.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.350
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
83.
MPa
MPa
5.
65.
MPa
MPa
3.
65.
MPa
MPa
9.
65.
MPa
MPa
Branch Transition
Cold Allowable ...........
Hot Allowable @ 410 deg ..
Case
2
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
4
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
5
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
6
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
7
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
8
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
9
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case 10
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Smallest Thickness .......
Stress Concentration .....
Pad Outer Edge Weld
Cold Allowable ...........
Hot Allowable @ 410 deg ..
Case
2
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
4
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
5
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
6
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
7
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
8
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
9
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case 10
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Smallest Thickness .......
Stress Concentration .....
Header Outside Pad Area
Cold Allowable ...........
Hot Allowable @ 410 deg ..
Case
2
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
4
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
5
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
6
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
7
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
8
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case
9
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Case 10
Nominal Stress
(M/Z) ...
Pressure Stress (Pd/2t) ..
Smallest Thickness .......
Stress Concentration .....
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.000
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
84.
MPa
MPa
5.
65.
MPa
MPa
3.
65.
MPa
MPa
9.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.000
MPa
MPa
mm.
138.
83.
MPa
MPa
5.
65.
MPa
MPa
3.
65.
MPa
MPa
9.
65.
MPa
MPa
7856.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
85.
0.
MPa
MPa
65.
0.
28.700
1.000
MPa
MPa
mm.
Table of Contents
4S
333
MPa
4S
334
MPa
4S
334
MPa
(1.5)(S)
125
MPa
57%
Branch at Junction
S1+S2+S3
152
MPa
45%
Branch Transition
S1+S2+S3
47
MPa
14%
Pad Outer Edge Weld
Pl
70
MPa
55%
Header Outside Pad Area
Pl
62
MPa
(1.5)(S)
125
MPa
49%
Table of Contents
SPS
372
MPa
SPS
406
MPa
SPS
406
MPa
40%
Branch at Junction
Pl+Pb+Q
160
MPa
39%
Branch Transition
Pl+Pb+Q
37
MPa
9%
SPS
372
MPa
75%
Header Outside Pad Area
Pl+Pb+Q
98
MPa
SPS
372
MPa
26%
Table of Contents
Damage Ratio
0.023 Life
0.350 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
35%
Branch at Junction
Pl+Pb+Q+F
108
MPa
Damage Ratio
0.030 Life
0.372 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
37%
Branch Transition
Pl+Pb+Q+F
19
MPa
Damage Ratio
0.000 Life
0.064 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
6%
Damage Ratio
0.253 Life
0.651 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
65%
Damage Ratio
0.000 Life
0.169 Stress
Allowable
290.5
MPa
16%
Table of Contents
Axial
:
Inplane :
Outplane:
Torsion :
Pressure:
Primary
6.577
3.035
3.930
0.923
0.971
Secondary
20.468
6.110
15.824
1.051
1.433
425.000
28.700
3540132.750
3318382.750
B31.3
Peak Stress Sif ....
B31.1
Peak Stress Sif ....
WRC 330
Peak Stress Sif ....
mm.
mm.
cu.mm.
cu.mm.
0.000
13.269
17.008
1.000
Axial
Inplane
Outplane
Torsional
0.000
17.008
17.008
17.008
Axial
Inplane
Outplane
Torsional
0.000
8.297
17.008
8.297
Axial
Inplane
Outplane
Torsional
Table of Contents
Allowable Loads
SECONDARY
Load Type (Range):
Axial Force
( N
Maximum
Individual
Occuring
)
649040.
Conservative
Simultaneous
Occuring
161854.
Realistic
Simultaneous
Occuring
242782.
Inplane
Moment (mm.
Outplane Moment (mm.
Torsional Moment (mm.
Pressure
(MPa
N ) 201899120.
N )
77962000.
N ) 1282862720.
)
2.98
PRIMARY
Load Type:
Axial Force
Inplane
Moment
Outplane Moment
Torsional Moment
Pressure
( N
(mm.
(mm.
(mm.
(MPa
)
N )
N )
N )
)
Maximum
Individual
Occuring
677659.
136391344.
105327504.
450740704.
1.47
41100556.
13747411.
356001408.
0.75
87187448.
29162662.
534002112.
0.75
Conservative
Simultaneous
Occuring
112017.
15793780.
12196663.
91895032.
0.75
Realistic
Simultaneous
Occuring
168026.
33503666.
25873030.
137842544.
0.75
NOTES:
1) Maximum Individual Occuring Loads are the maximum
allowed values of the respective loads if all other
load components are zero, i.e. the listed axial force
may be applied if the inplane, outplane and torsional
moments, and the pressure are zero.
2) The Conservative Allowable Simultaneous loads are
the maximum loads that can be applied simultaneously.
A conservative stress combination equation is used
that typically produces stresses within 50-70% of the
allowable stress.
3) The Realistic Allowable Simultaneous loads are the
maximum loads that can be applied simultaneously. A
more realistic stress combination equation is used
based on experience at Paulin Research. Stresses are
typically produced within 80-105% of the allowable.
4) Secondary allowable loads are limits for expansion
and operating piping loads.
5) Primary allowable loads are limits for weight,
primary and sustained type piping loads.
Table of Contents
Flexibilities
The following stiffnesses should be used in a piping,
"beam-type" analysis of the intersection. The stiffnesses should be inserted at the surface of the
branch/header or nozzle/vessel junction. The general
characteristics used for the branch pipe should be:
Outside Diameter =
Wall Thickness
=
425.000
28.700
mm.
mm.
=
=
=
=
190438.
382152096.
114097760.
14334896128.
N /mm.
mm. N /deg
mm. N /deg
mm. N /deg
Table of Contents
Elements at Discontinuity
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)
3d(Small)
3d
3d(Deformed)