What is Service Console?

The service console is developed based up on Redhat Linux Operating system, it is used to manage the VMKernel What are the basic commands to troubleshoot connectivity between vSphere Client /vCenter to ESX server?

service mgmt-vmware restart restarts host agent vmware-hostd! on vmware esx server! service vmware-vpxa restrat restarts Vcenter agent service! service networ" restart restarts management networ"s on #$%! What is vCenter Agent? V& agent is an agent installed on #$% server which enables communication between V& and #$% server' This (gent will be installed on #$%)#$%i will be done when you try to add the #$x host in Vcenter' What is the command used to restart SSH, !" # $mware Web access? $ervice sshd restart $ervice ntpd restrat $ervice vmware-webaccess restart What are the types o% "orts groups in ESX/ESXi? There are * types o+ port groups in #$% ,'$ervice console port group -'VM"ernel .ort group *' Virtual machine port group There are only - types o+ port group in #$%i ,' Vm"ernel .ort group -'Virtual Machine .ort group What is $&'ernel ? VM/are Kernel is a .roprietary "ernel o+ vmwareand is not based on any o+ the +lavors o+ Linux operating systems, 'VM"ernel re0uires an operating system to boot and manage the "ernel' ( service console is being provided whenVM/are "ernel is booted' Only service console is based up on Redhat Linux O$ not VM"ernel' What is the use o% Service Console port ? $ervice console port group re0uired to manage the #$% server and it acts as the management networ" +or the #$%'Vcenter)Vsphere &lient uses the service console 1.2s to communicate with the #$% server' What is the use o% $&'ernel "ort ? Vm"ernel port is used by #$%)#$%i +or vmotion, 1$&$1 3 45$ communications' #$%i uses Vm"ernel as the management networ" since it don2t have service console built with it'

What is the use o% $irtual &achine "ort (roup? Virtual Machine port group is used by Virtual machine communication' How $irtual &achine communicates to another servers in etwor) ? (ll the Virtual Machines which are con+igured in VM .ort 6roup are able to connect to the other machines on the networ"' $o this port group enables communication between v$witch and .hysical $witch by the use o+ uplin" .hysical 41&! associated with the port group' What is the de%ault number o% ports con%igured with the $irtual Switch? /hen the time o+ Virtual switch created, Vswitch is created with 78 ports by de+ault' /e can extend the no o+ ports by editing the vswitch properties'

What are the di%%erent types o% "artitions in ESX server? ) -root $wap )var )Var)core )opt )home )tmp What are the security options available %or ESX vswitch? .romiscuous Mode - Re9ect M(& (ddress changes - (ccept 5orged Transmits - (ccept

What is "romiscuous &ode ? 1+ the promiscuous mode set to (ccept, all the communication is visible to all the virtual machines, in other words all the pac"ets are sent to all the ports on v$witch' 1t can be use+ul when you are running virtual machines with networ" sni++ers to capture pac"et in that networ"'

What is &AC Address changes: (ll the virtual machines nics are provide with the M(& address at the time o+ creation and it is stored in 'VM% +ile' 1+ the pac"et doesn2t match with the M(& address as same as in the 'VM% +ile , it does not allow incoming tra++ic to the VM by setting this option as re9ect'

1+ it is set as (ccept,#$% accepts re0uests to change the e++ective M(& address to other than the M(& address save din the 'VM% +ile'

What is *orged !ransmits ? /hich is same as the Mac (ddress changes setting but it wor"ed +or the outgoing tra++ic but the M(& address changes setting is +or incoming tra++ic' What is a $+A ? ( VL(4 is the Virtual L(4 which is used to bro"e down the ;roadcast tra++ic into many logical groups' ;asically, one physical switch comprise o+ one broadcast domain' VL(4 used to separate the one broadcast domain into many small pieces to separate the networ"s within the broadcast domain' What are the types o% $+A tagging in $sphere? There are * types o+ VL(4 tagging available in Vsphere' ,'Virtual $witch Tagging V$T! -'#xternal $witch Tagging #$T! *'Virtual 6uest Tagging V6T! What is $S! , ES! # $(!? .lease re+er my blog post on V$T , #$T 3 V6T ' What are the !ra%%ic Shaping policies available in the $switch? Tra++ic shaping policies are disabled by de+ault' There are * di++erent tra++ic shaping policy setting (verage ;andwidth .ea" ;andwidth ;urst $i<e

(verage ;andwidth is de+ined in K;.$ .ea" bandwidth is de+ined in K;.$ ;urst $i<e is de+ined in Kilobytes What are the +oad balancing policies available in vswitch? Route based on the originating virtual switch port 1= Route based on source M(& hash Route based on 1. hash

,oute based on the originating virtual switch port -. - &hooses an uplin" based on the virtual port where the tra++ic entered the virtual switch' The tra++ic will be always send with that same uplin" until that particular uplin" is +ailed and +ailed over to another 41&' ,oute based on source &AC hash - &hoose an uplin" based on a hash o+ the source #thernet M(& address'The tra++ic will be always send with that same uplin" until that particular uplin" is +ailed and +ailed over to another 41&' ,oute based on -" hash - &hoose an uplin" based on a hash o+ the source and destination 1. addresses o+ each pac"et'

What are the types %or etwor) *ailover .etection settings? Lin" $tatus only ;eacon .robing Lin" $tatus only - Relies solely on the lin" status provided by the networ" adapter' This detects +ailures, such as cable pulls and physical switch power +ailures, but it cannot detect con+iguration errors, such as a physical switch port being bloc"ed by spanning tree or miscon+igured to the wrong VL(4 or cable pulls on the other side o+ a physical switch' ;eacon .robing - $ends out and listens +or beacon probes > #thernet broadcast +rames sent by physical adapters to detect upstream networ" connection +ailures > on all physical #thernet adapters in the team' 1n addition to lin" status, to determine lin" +ailure' This detects many o+ the +ailures which are not detected by Lin" $tatus'

What is the command to chec) the -" address along with the detailed networ) cards assigned to the es/ server? 1+con+ig -a Output appears li"e this ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? lo Lin" encap@Local Loopbac" inet addr@,-A'B'B', Mas"@-77'B'B'B C. LOO.;(&K RC44146 MTC@,8D*8 Metric@, R% pac"ets@E*87 errors@B dropped@B overruns@B +rame@B T% pac"ets@E*87 errors@B dropped@B overruns@B carrier@B collisions@B tx0ueuelen@B R% bytes@F,-AA,D A'A Mi;! T% bytes@F,-AA,D A'A Mi;!

vmnicB Lin" encap@#thernet G/addr BB@B&@-E@F7@B=@A8 C. ;RO(=&($T RC44146 MCLT1&($T MTC@,7BB Metric@, R% pac"ets@,BBAA- errors@B dropped@B overruns@B +rame@B T% pac"ets@7,B* errors@B dropped@B overruns@B carrier@B collisions@B tx0ueuelen@,BBB R% bytes@*7DA7FDF **'F Mi;! T% bytes@DB-,-B *E-'8 Ki;! 1nterrupt@,D7 vmnic, Lin" encap@#thernet G/addr BB@B&@-E@F7@B=@FB C. ;RO(=&($T RC44146 MCLT1&($T MTC@,7BB Metric@, R% pac"ets@,B7FE7 errors@B dropped@B overruns@B +rame@B T% pac"ets@B errors@B dropped@B overruns@B carrier@B collisions@B tx0ueuelen@,BBB R% bytes@*7FED-B* *D'- Mi;! T% bytes@B B'B b! 1nterrupt@,-E vmnic- Lin" encap@#thernet G/addr BB@B&@-E@F7@B=@F( C. ;RO(=&($T RC44146 MCLT1&($T MTC@,7BB Metric@, R% pac"ets@,B7EBF errors@B dropped@B overruns@B +rame@B T% pac"ets@B errors@B dropped@B overruns@B carrier@B collisions@B tx0ueuelen@,BBB R% bytes@*7FE7A7B *D'- Mi;! T% bytes@B B'B b! 1nterrupt@,*A vmnic* Lin" encap@#thernet G/addr BB@B&@-E@F7@B=@ED C. ;RO(=&($T RC44146 MCLT1&($T MTC@,7BB Metric@, R% pac"ets@,B78EB errors@B dropped@B overruns@B +rame@B T% pac"ets@--F errors@B dropped@B overruns@B carrier@B collisions@B tx0ueuelen@,BBB R% bytes@*7FF*-AE *D'- Mi;! T% bytes@,*8FB ,*'* Ki;! 1nterrupt@,D7 vswi+B Lin" encap@#thernet G/addr BB@7B@78@D=@8E@=, inet addr@,E-',8F'B'A7 ;cast@,E-',8F'B'-77 Mas"@-77'-77'-77'B C. ;RO(=&($T RC44146 MCLT1&($T MTC@,7BB Metric@, R% pac"ets@,DFE* errors@B dropped@B overruns@B +rame@B T% pac"ets@-7A7 errors@B dropped@B overruns@B carrier@B collisions@B tx0ueuelen@,BBB R% bytes@E887,* ED*'F Ki;! T% bytes@-*BB-F --D'8 Ki;! vswi+, Lin" encap@#thernet G/addr BB@7B@78@D5@D7@;, ;RO(=&($T MCLT1&($T MTC@,7BB Metric@, R% pac"ets@,,BD- errors@B dropped@B overruns@B +rame@B T% pac"ets@*B errors@B dropped@B overruns@B carrier@B collisions@B tx0ueuelen@,BBB R% bytes@A,A,7F ABB'* Ki;! T% bytes@,-8B ,'- Ki;! ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Hou can use Iip addrI command also to view the ip in+ormation ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? JrootK#$%T#$T, etcLM ip addr ,@ lo@ mtu ,8D*8 0disc no0ueue lin")loopbac" BB@BB@BB@BB@BB@BB brd BB@BB@BB@BB@BB@BB inet ,-A'B'B',)F scope host lo -@ vmnicB@ mtu ,7BB 0disc noop 0len ,BBB lin")ether BB@Bc@-E@F7@Bd@A8 brd ++@++@++@++@++@++ *@ vmnic,@ mtu ,7BB 0disc noop 0len ,BBB lin")ether BB@Bc@-E@F7@Bd@FB brd ++@++@++@++@++@++ D@ vmnic-@ mtu ,7BB 0disc noop 0len ,BBB

lin")ether BB@Bc@-E@F7@Bd@Fa brd ++@++@++@++@++@++ 7@ vmnic*@ mtu ,7BB 0disc noop 0len ,BBB lin")ether BB@Bc@-E@F7@Bd@ED brd ++@++@++@++@++@++ 8@ vswi+B@ mtu ,7BB 0disc p+i+oN+ast 0len ,BBB lin")ether BB@7B@78@Dd@8E@d, brd ++@++@++@++@++@++ inet ,E-',8F'B'A7)-D brd ,E-',8F'B'-77 scope global vswi+B A@ vswi+,@ mtu ,7BB 0disc p+i+oN+ast 0len ,BBB lin")ether BB@7B@78@D+@D7@b, brd ++@++@++@++@++@++ E@ vswi+-@ mtu ,7BB 0disc p+i+oN+ast 0len ,BBB lin")ether BB@7B@78@D*@E-@be brd ++@++@++@++@++@++ inet ,E-',8F'B'E8)-D brd ,E-',8F'B'-77 scope global vswi+????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? what is the command to chec) the ESX vswitch details, port group and its ip address? #sxc+g-vswitch -l Outuput will appear li"e this@ ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? JrootK#$%T#$T, OLM esxc+g-vswitch -l $witch 4ame 4um .orts Csed .orts &on+igured .orts MTC Cplin"s v$witchB *D *,7BB vmnicB .ort6roup 4ame VL(4 1= Csed .orts Cplin"s $ervice &onsole B , vmnicB VM"ernel B , vmnicB $witch 4ame 4um .orts Csed .orts &on+igured .orts MTC Cplin"s v$witch, 8D * 8D ,7BB vmnic-,vmnic, .ort6roup 4ame VL(4 1= Csed .orts Cplin"s VM-,B'B'B subnet B B vmnic-,vmnic, VM-,E-',8F'B subnet B B vmnic-,vmnic, $witch 4ame 4um .orts Csed .orts &on+igured .orts MTC v$witch8D D 8D ,7BB vmnic* Cplin"s

.ort6roup 4ame VL(4 1= Csed .orts Cplin"s $ervice &onsole - B , vmnic* Vmotion B , vmnic* ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 5rom the above output, we come to "now that we have * virtual switches named v$witchB,v$witch, and v$witch-' D uplin"s physical nics in our esx server! VmnicB,vmnic,,vmnic-,vmnic*' vswitchB constains - port group $ervice &onsole 3 VMKernel!, v$witch, contains - virtual machine port group VM-,B'B'B subnet 3 VM-,E-',8F'B subnet! and Vswitch- contains - port group $ervice &onsole - 3 Vmotion! port group' What is command to get the in%ormation about Service console ports and its -" address assigned to it? esxc+g-vswi+ -l Output will appear li"e this@ ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? JrootK#$%T#$T, OLM esxc+g-vswi+ -l 4ame .ort 6roup)=V.ort 1. 5amily 1. (ddress 4etmas" ;roadcast #nabled TH.# vswi+B $ervice &onsole 1.vD ,E-',8F'B'A7 -77'-77'-77'B ,E-',8F'B'-77 true $T(T1&

vswi+, $ervice &onsole - 1.vD ,E-',8F'B'AF -77'-77'-77'B ,E-',8F'B'-77 +alse $T(T1& ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? what is the command to get the in%ormation about vm)ernel ports and its ip address? esxc+g-vm"nic -l Output will appear li"e this@ ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? JrootK#$%T#$T, OLM esxc+g-vm"nic -l 1nter+ace .ort 6roup)=V.ort 1. 5amily 1. (ddress 4etmas" ;roadcast (ddress MTC T$O M$$ #nabled Type vm"B VM"ernel 1.vD ,E-',8F'B',,B -77'-77'-77'B ,E-',8F'B'-77 BB@7B@78@AF@Ae@A* ,7BB 877*7 true $T(T1& vm", Vmotion 1.vD ,E-',8F'B'AA -77'-77'-77'B ,E-',8F'B'-77 BB@7B@78@A8@D-@d+ ,7BB 877*7 true $ ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? what is the command to get the in%ormation about physical nics installed on ESX server? esxc+g-vm"nic -l Output will appear li"e this@ ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? JrootK#$%T#$T, sbinLM esxc+g-nics -l 4ame .&1 =river Lin" $peed =uplex M(& (ddress MTC =escription vmnicB B-@BB'BB e,BBB Cp ,BBBMbps 5ull BB@Bc@-E@F7@Bd@A8 ,7BB 1ntel &orporation F-7D7#M 6igabit #thernet &ontroller &opper! vmnic, B-@B-'BB e,BBB Cp ,BBBMbps 5ull BB@Bc@-E@F7@Bd@FB ,7BB 1ntel &orporation F-7D7#M 6igabit #thernet &ontroller &opper! vmnic- B-@B*'BB e,BBB Cp ,BBBMbps 5ull BB@Bc@-E@F7@Bd@Fa ,7BB 1ntel &orporation F-7D7#M 6igabit #thernet &ontroller &opper! vmnic* B-@BD'BB e,BBB Cp ,BBBMbps 5ull BB@Bc@-E@F7@Bd@ED ,7BB 1ntel &orporation F-7D7#M 6igabit #thernet &ontroller &opper! ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? What is command to add the new virtual switch named 0vswitch12 to our ESX server? JrootK#$%T#$T, sbinLM esxc+g-vswitch -a vswitch* 4ow vswitch* is created without any port group' ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? $witch 4ame 4um .orts Csed .orts &on+igured .orts MTC vswitch* 8D , 8D ,7BB Cplin"s

M(&

.ort6roup 4ame VL(4 1= Csed .orts Cplin"s ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? What is command to add the new port group named 0mgmt2to vswitch 0vswitch 12 ? JrootK#$%T#$T, sbinLM esxc+g-vswitch -( mgmt vswitch* now port group ImgmtI is added' ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? $witch 4ame 4um .orts Csed .orts &on+igured .orts MTC Cplin"s vswitch* 8D , 8D ,7BB

.ort6roup 4ame VL(4 1= Csed .orts Cplin"s mgmt B B ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

How to add the service console port 0vswi%32 to our newly created port group 4mgmt4 with the ip addr 56375897:7;6 ? JrootK#$%T#$T, sbinLM esxc+g-vswi+ -a vswi+- -i ,E-',8F'B'AE -n -77'-77'-77'B -p ImgmtI where i is the ip address, n is subnet mas" p is to mentione the port group name ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? vswi+- mgmt 1.vD ,E-',8F'B'AE -77'-77'-77'B ,E-',8F'B'-77 true $T(T1& ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? How to add the vm)ernal port 0vm)32 to our newly created port group 4mgmt4 with the ip addr 56375897:791? JrootK#$%T#$T, sbinLM esxc+g-vm"nic -a -i ,E-',8F'B'F* -n -77'-77'-77'B -p ImgmtI ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? vm"mgmt 1.vD ,E-',8F'B'F* -77'-77'-77'B ,E-',8F'B'-77 BB@7B@78@Ab@bd@*8 ,7BB 877*7 true $T(T1& ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? How to change the ip addresss o% the e/isting service console 4vswi%34? nano )etc)syscon+ig)networ"-scripts)i+c+g-vswi+-' #dit the +ile with your new id address I ,E-',8F'B'-77I then save and exit' ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????? =#V1&#?vswi+GOT.LC6?yes M(&(==R?BB@7B@78@D*@E-@be O4;OOT?yes .ORT6ROC.?mgmt ;OOT.ROTO?static ;RO(=&($T?,E-',8F'B'-77 =G&.V8&?no 1.(==R?,E-',8F'B'E8 1.V8141T?no 1.V8N(CTO&O45?no 4#TM($K?-77'-77'-77'B ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????? restart the networ" service +or ip change to ta"e e++ect@ JrootK#$%T#$T, syscon+igLM service networ" restart $hutting down inter+ace vswi+B@ J OK L $hutting down inter+ace vswi+-@ J OK L $hutting down loopbac" inter+ace@ J OK L ;ringing up loopbac" inter+ace@ J OK L ;ringing up inter+ace vswi+B@ J OK L (nother way is to connect to the console o+ the #$% server and at the shell prompt type in @esxc+g-vswi+ -d vswi+This will delete the existing vswi+B and it will give the message about Inothing to +lushI'

then type the below command esxc+g-vswi+ -a vswi+- -p mgmt -i ,E-',8F'B'EA -n -77'-77'-77'B ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? JrootK#$%T#$T, etcLM esxc+g-vswi+ -d vswi+4othing to +lush' JrootK#$%T#$T, etcLM esxc+g-vswi+ -a vswi+- -p mgmt -i ,E-',8F'B'EA -n -77'-77'-77'B J-B,,-BE-,A ,E@*7@D8 2Vnic2 warningL 6enerated 4ew M(& address, BB@7B@78@D*@E-@be +or vswi+4othing to +lush' ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? How to change the ESX host name and de%ault gateway? edit the below +ile@ nano )etc)syscon+ig)networ" ?????????????????????????????????????? 4#T/ORK146?yes GO$T4(M#?#$%T#$T,'lab'com 6(T#/(H?,E-',8F'B'-B 6(T#/(H=#V?vswi+B 1.V8N(CTO&O45?no 4#T/ORK146N1.V8?no ?????????????????????????????????????? restart the networ" service +or ip change to ta"e e++ect@ JrootK#$%T#$T, syscon+igLM service networ" restart How to edit the ESX host %ile ? nano )etc)hosts #dit the +ile to ma"e entry to your host +ile' ?????????????????????????????????????????? ,-A'B'B', localhost @@, localhost ,E-',8F'B'A7 #$%T#$T,'lab'com #$%T#$T, ?????????????????????????????????????????? How to edit the . S entry o% your ESX server? nano )etc)resolv'con+ #dit the +ile to ma"e changes or to ma"e new entry o+ dns +or your #$% server ???????????????????????? nameserver ,E-',8F'B'-B search lab'com ??????????????????????? what is the command to <uery the %irewall ports ? esxc+g-+irewall - 0 How to open the port in %irewall 0port no 99;;, tcp, incoming , name= test1 ?

esxc+g-+irewall -o FFAA,tcp,in,test* 1+ you are loo"ing +or more VMware interview 0uestions .lease clic" 1nterview Puestions'