Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Wecancounton
fromthebiggest
numbertoworkout
anumbersentence
Icandoublenumbers
byaddingthem
together
IcanuseSkip
Countingtoworkout
howmanysquaresto
moveforwardwhen
playingSnakesand
Ladders!
ASpecialthankyoutoRockinghamLakesP.SinW.Awhodevelopedthisbooklet
3!y!3!>!5!
41!!26!>!26!
23!.!3!>!21!
4!,!4!>!7!
21!,!2!>!22!
6!y!5!>!31!
36!.!36!>!1!
61!.!41!>!31!
39!!29!>!21!
21!,!2!>!22!
3!y!4!>!7!
:!,!6!>!25!
3!,!3!>!5!
21!,!21!>!31!
26!,!26!>!41!
41!,!81!>!211!
61!,!31!>!
2
25!,!7!>!31!
29,!3!>!31!
Skip Counting
24681012
141618
Letsskip
countby2s!
Wecanskipcountlotsofthingslikeourpencils,
Lego,toys,counters
Countforwardsandbackwardsby2s
6!21!26!31!36!41!46!51!56!61!66!71!
76!81!86!91!96!:1!:6!211!216!221!
Countforwardsandbackwardsby10sstartingfrom
differentpoints
! 21!31!41!51!61!71!81!91!:1!211!!!
9!29!39!49!59!69!79!89!99!:9!219!!
Countforwardsandbackwardsby100s
211!311!411!511!611!711!811!911!!!
3
Counting On
Countonbyonesfromthebiggestnumberto
calculateanadditionnumbersentence.Countonby
onesfromthebiggestnumbertocalculatean
additionnumbersentence.
26!,!:!>!35!
26!27!28!29!2:!31!32!33!34!35!
!
9!,!6!>!24!
9!:!21!22!23!24!
!
31!,!9!>!39!
31!32!33!34!35!36!37!38!39!
!
28!,!8!>!35!
28!29!2:!31!32!33!34!35!
Remembertolockthebiggestnumberinyourhead
andthencarefullycountalongthenumberlineand
stopatthesecondnumber.
26!!!!!!!!,!!!!!!!!!!7!
Countalongthe
numberline6
spacesandthen
stop
Keepthefirst
numberinyour
memory
26!27!28!29!2:!31!32!
4
Counting Back
Countbackbyonesfromthebiggestnumberto
calculateasubtractionnumbersentence.
34!!9!>!26!
34!33!32!31!2:!29!28!27!26!
!
41!!7!>!35!
41!3:!39!38!37!36!35!!
!
39!!23!>!27!
39!38!37!36!35!34!33!32!31!2:!29!28!27!
!
32!!23!>!:!
32!31!2:!29!28!27!26!25!24!23!22!21!:!
Remembertolockthebiggestnumberinyourhead
andthencarefullycountbackalongthenumberline
andstopatthesecondnumber.
24!!!!!!!!.!!!!!!!!!!7!
Countbackalong
thenumberline6
spacesandthen
stop
Keepthefirst
numberinyour
memory
24!23!22!21!:!9!8!!
5
+ Addition +
Grouping of place value
Separatenumbersintothousands,hundreds,tens
andonesandthencalculatetheanswer
34!,!25!>!
!
31!,!4!,!21!,!5!>!
41!,!8!>!
48!
!
56!,!63!>!
!
51!,!6!,!61!,!3!>!
:1!,!8!>!
:8!
!
239!,!256!>!
!
211!,!31!,!9!,!211!,!51!,!6!>!
311!,!71!,!24!>!
384!
!
!
Remembertoaddthehundreds,thetensandtheonestogether.
Dontforgetanyofthenumbers!PlaceValuecanbeusedasa
mentalmathsstrategybyitselfandwhenusingotherstrategies
likecountingon.
Separatenumbersintohundreds,tensandones
andthencalculatetheanswer.
:7!.!54!>!@! :1!!51!>!61!!!61!,!4!>!!64!
! ! ! ! !7!.!4!!>!4!
:1!!7!!!51!4!
!
!
!
!
348!!223!>!@! 311211!>211!! !211,31,6!>!236!!
! ! ! ! !!!!41.!21!>31!
311!41!8!211!21!3! !8!.!3!>!6!
!!!!
!!! ! ! ! ! !
!
7
Ten-Frames
+ Addition +
Givesomefromonenumbertoanothertomake
easiernumberstoworkwith.
!9!,!8!!jt!21!,!6!!!!!!!!7!,!9!!!jt!!!21!,!5!
Move2fromthe6tothe8.
Thiswillmaketen
Move2from7tothe8.
Thiswillmake10.
26!,!38!!!isthesameas!!!31!,!33!>!53!
Move5fromthe27tomake20.Thenadd20and22together.
8
Doubling
Whenyoudoubleanumberyouaddittoitself.
Epvcmjoh! 2!
Epvcmjoh! 4!
Epvcmjoh! 6!
Epvcmjoh! 8!
Epvcmjoh! :!
Epvcmjoh! 22!
2!,!2!>!3! !
4!,!4!>!7! !
6!,!6!>!21!!
8!,!8!>!25!!
:!,!:!>!29! !
22!,!22!>!33!!
Epvcmjoh!3!
Epvcmjoh!5!
Epvcmjoh!7!
Epvcmjoh!9!
Epvcmjoh!21!
Epvcmjoh!23!
3!,!3!>!5!
5!,!5!>!9!
7!,!7!>!23!
9!,!9!>!27!
21!,!21!>!31!
23!,!23!>!35!
Halving
Whenyouhalveanumberyoubreakitinto
2equalparts.
Ibmg!pg!3!! >!2!!! ! Ibmg!pg!5!! >!3!
Ibmg!pg!7!! >!4!!!!!!!Ibmg!pg!9!! >!5!!!!!
Ibmg!pg!21!! >!6!!!!! Ibmg!pg!23!! >!7!
Ibmg!pg!25!! >!8!!!!! Ibmg!pg!27!! >!9!!!
Ibmg!pg!29!! >!:!!!!!!!Ibmg!pg!31!!>!21!
Knowingthedoublesofnumbershelpsyoutohalve
themaswell.DoublingandHalvinghelpsusto
calculatemathsproblemsmorequicklybyusing
differentmentalmathsstrategiesliketenframes
andbridging
9
28!.!25!>!4!
Jotufbe!pg!Dpvoujoh!Cbdl!
28!27!26!25!24!23!22!21!:!9!8!7!6!5!4!
ju!jt!fbtjfs!boe!rvjdlfs!up!Dpvou!Po!
Tubsu!bu!25!boe!tupq!bu!28!
25!26!27!28!
36!.!27!>!:!
Jotufbe!pg!Dpvoujoh!Cbdl!
36!35!34!33!32!31!2:!29!28!27!26!25!24!23!22!21!:!!
Ju!jt!fbtjfs!boe!rvjdlfs!up!Dpvou!Po!
Tubsu!bu!27!boe!tupq!bu!36!
27!28!29!2:!31!32!33!34!35!36!
4:!.!34!>!27!
Jotufbe!pg!Dpvoujoh!Cbdl!
4:!49!48!47!46!45!44!43!42!41!3:!39!38!37!36!35!34!
33!32!31!2:!29!28!27!
Ju!jt!fbtjfs!boe!rvjdlfs!up!Dpvou!Po!
Tubsu!bu!34!boe!tupq!bu!4:!
34!35!36!37!38!39!3:!41!42!43!44!45!46!47!48!49!4:!
10
Number Lines
WithNumberlines,wecanmakejumps
tosolvenumberproblems.
23!!7!>!7!
!!
Usingthenumberline
wecanstartat12and
jumpback6numbers
togiveusan
answerof6
1!2!3!4!5!6!7!8!9!:!21!22!23!!
!!!!!
4!
6!
61!!9!>!53! 51!52!53!54!55!56!57!58!59!5:!61!
Wecanalsojumpby
biggernumberstomake
itquickertofindthe
answer
WecanuseNumberLineswithothermathsstrategies
suchastenframes
!)4*!!
!!!!34!,!46!>!!!jt!uif!tbnf!bt!!!31!,!49!
!
Givethe3from23tothe35tomake38andthenimaginea
numberlinebyaddingonthe20.
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!21!!!!!21!
49!!!!59!!!!!!!69!
!!!!)4*!
! !!57!,!24!>!!!!jt!uif!tbnf!bt!!!5:!,!21!
Givethe3from13to46tomake49andthenimagineanumber
linebyaddingonthe10
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!21!
5:!!!!!!!!!!!!!6:!
11
Friends of Ten
FriendsofTenworktogethertomakemathsproblems
easier.Recognitionofnumbercombinationstoten
mustbeautomatic.
6!,!6!>!21!
8!,!4!>!21!
9!,!3!>!21! :!,!2!>!21!!!!5!,!7!>!21!
!
2:!,!2!>!31! 24!,!8!>!31! 23!,!9!>!31! 22!,!:!>!31! 26!,!6!>31!
!
36!,!36!>!61!!! 46!,!26!>!61! !!56!,!6!>!61! 31!,!41!>!61!
Bridging
Whenbridgingnumbersyouaddorsubtractfrom
thenumbersinaproblemtomakeiteasiertosolve.
Bridgingtomultiplesof10helpstomakemaths
problemseasiertosolve.
Bridgeto20
Take2from14andgive
it to 18
25!,!29!>!23!,!)29!,!3*!>!23!,!31!>!43!
Bridgeto40
Take3from55andgive
itto37
48!,!66!>!)4!,!48*!,!63!>!51!,!63!>!:3!
!
12
x Multiplication x
(Grouping)
4!y!5!>!23!
Thismeans3groupswithfouritemsineachgroup.
5!y!6!>!31!
Fourgroupswith5
itemsineachgroup.
!
!
8!y!7!>!53!
Sevengroupswithsix
itemsineachgroup.
Thisisalwaysdonewithconcretematerialssuchascounters,
pegs,blocks,toysordrawings.
13
Division
(Sharing)
23!!4!>!5!
Weneedtofindouthowmanyitemsareineachgroup,sowe
make3groupsandequallysharethe12items.
!
21!!3!>!6!
Weneed2groupsand
Equallysharethe10items
!
!
!
29!!7!>!4!
Weneed6groupsand
equallysharethe18items
Thisisalwaysdonewithconcretematerialssuchascounters,
pegs,blocks,toysordrawings.
14
Number Families
Knowingtherelationshipbetweenadditionand
subtraction,divisionandmultiplication,helpsustowork
withnumberswhenwesolvenumberstoriesand
numbersentences.
Theseareoftencalledturnaroundfacts
!
24!,!8!>!31!!
6!y!4!>!26! !
8!,!24!>!31!!!!31!!8!>!24! !31!!24!>!8!
!
4!y!6!>!26! !!!26!!4!>!6!!!26!!6!>!4!
NumberFamilieshelpustosolvehiddennumberproblems
39!.!!!>!5!jt!uif!tbnf!bt!39! 5!>!!
!
!,!67!>!232!jt!uif!tbnf!bt!232! 67!>!!
!
2:!>!6!jt!uif!tbnf!bt!2:!,!6!>!
!
!!!!!!!:!y!!!>!74!jt!uif!tbnf!bt!74!!:!>!
!
!!!!!!!!6!>!5!jt!uif!tbnf!bt!5!y!6!>!
Wecanworkouthiddennumbersbyusingtherelationships
betweennumberoperations(+x).
15
Combination of Numbers
Numbersaremadeupofpartstomakeawhole.Knowingthe
differentpartsofnumbershelpsustouseothermental
mathsstrategieslikePlaceValue,BridgingandNumber
Families.Itishelpfultoknowthecombinationsfornumbers
5,10,20,50and100.
:!,!2!>!21!
9!,!3!>21!
4!,!8!>!21!
21!
8!,!4!>!21!
10ismadeupof
differentparts
7!,!5!>!21!
5!,!7!>!21!
6!,!6!>!21!
5!,!2!>!6!
4!,!3!>!6!
6!
5ismadeupof
differentparts
2!,!5!>!6!
16
3!,!4!>!6!
NumberStory
NumberSentence
!
MissMurrayhadsomefishinherfishtank.She
22!
wentshoppingandbought7morefishandnow
!!!!!!!!,!8!>!29!
shehas18.HowmanyfishdidMissMurrayhaveto
beginwith?
MissLeehad17 pencils.Shegave some pencilsout
tothechildrenandnowsheonlyhas12left.How
6!
!!!!28!.!!!!!>!23
!
manypencilsdidMissLeegiveouttothechildren?
Samboughtsomelolliesfromshop.Shehad3 bags !
with4lolliesineachbag.HowmanylolliesdidSam
!!!!4!y!5!!!>!!23!
havealltogether?
!
MrsJoneshad12 glitterpens.Shedecidedtoshare
thembetween3students.Howmanypensdid
eachstudentget?
!
!!!!23!!!4!>!! 5!
17
Website
Go to
Lake Munmorah Public School website:
www.lakemunmor-p.schools.nsw.edu.au/
Click on KLAs
Click on Maths
Here you will find many interesting and fun activities for your children.
Games
If you need help working Maths into any of these games contact the
school and we will give you some ideas.
18
GLOSSARY
Other words for:
Addition plus
add on
count on
and
sum of
3 add on 2 equals 5
3 count on 2 equals 5
3 and 2 equals 5
The sum of 3 and 2 is 5
minus
subtract
less than
difference between
Multiplication lots of
Division
groups of
times
multiplied by
product of
quotient of
3 groups of 5 equals 15
3 times 5 equals 15
3 multiplied by 5 is 15
The product of 3 and 5
is 15
Eg: The quotient of 15 and 5
is 3
15 divided by 5 is 3 is 5
15 shared equally
between 3 is 5
How many groups of 5 in
15 ? Answer 3
divided by
shared equally
how many groups of
19
Notes
20