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ARISTOTLE
Greek philosopher (384-322 BC)
CLAUDIUS PONTIUS
Greek astronomer (approx. 722 BC)
COPERNICUSS MODEL
Proposed a heliocentric, sun centered, model of solar system
KEPLERS LAWS
Tycho Brahe, Danish astronomer, made detailed observations of positions of stars and planets Johannes Kepler was a German astronomer who was hired by Brahe, developed three laws that explain planetary motion
LAWS OF ELLIPSES
Keplers first law
States that each planet orbits the sun in a path called an ellipse
An ellipse is an elongated oval whose shape is determined by two points within the figure; each point if called a focus Sun is at one focus of a planet Orbits are ellipses, planets are not always same distance form sun Perihelion - point in orbit closest to sun Aphelion - point in orbit farthest from sun
Average distance between earth and sun is known as one astronomical unit (AU)
LAW OF PERIODS
Keplers third law
Describes the relationship between average distance of a planet from sun and orbit period of planet
Orbit period is time it takes for planet to make one revolution around the sun Keplers third law : K x r3 = p2 K is mathematical constant r is distance of planet from sun p is period
Radius of earths orbit (distance from sun) is 1AU and its period is one year
A moving body will only change its motion if an outside force causes it to do so
Tendency of body to move in a strait line at constant speed until outside forces act upon it is called inertia (tendency of a body to stay at rest until outside force acts on it) Planets do not travel in strait line, must have a force acting upon them Outside force acting on planets is gravity, attractive force that exist between objects in universe