Application Note

VT Ratio Measurement with 12kV

Authors Lutz Hulka | lutz.hulka@omicron.at Markus Ptter | markus.puetter@omicron.at Date Jul 23, 2010 Related OMICRON Product CPC 100 Application Area Instrument Transformer Testing Version v1.0 Document ID ANP_10004_ENU

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Contents
1 Using this Document .............................................................................................................................3 1.1 Operator Qualifications and Safety Standards ...............................................................................3 1.2 Conventions and Symbols Used ....................................................................................................3 1.3 Related Documents ........................................................................................................................4 1.4 Safety Rules ...................................................................................................................................4 General ...........................................................................................................................................4 Safety Instructions for Connecting the CPC 100 to the Test Setup .................................................5 2.1 Before Starting ................................................................................................................................5 Test Setup and Manual Performance ..................................................................................................6 Template Usage .....................................................................................................................................8

2 3 4

Please use this note only in combination with the related product manual which contains several important safety instructions. The user is responsible for every application that makes use of an OMICRON product.

OMICRON electronics GmbH including all international branch offices is henceforth referred to as OMICRON. OMICRON 2010. All rights reserved. This application note is a publication of OMICRON. All rights including translation reserved. Reproduction of any kind, for example, photocopying, microfilming, optical character recognition and/or storage in electronic data processing systems, requires the explicit consent of OMICRON. Reprinting, wholly or in part, is not permitted. The product information, specifications, and technical data embodied in this application note represent the technical status at the time of writing and are subject to change without prior notice. We have done our best to ensure that the information given in this application note is useful, accurate and entirely reliable. However, OMICRON does not assume responsibility for any inaccuracies which may be present. OMICRON translates this application note from the source language English into a number of other languages. Any translation of this document is done for local requirements, and in the event of a dispute between the English and a nonEnglish version, the English version of this note shall govern.

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Using this Document

This Application Note describes how to execute a VT Ratio measurement by using the CPC 100 and the CP TD1 as the power source up to 12 kV. The CPC 100 delivers an output voltage with a maximum of 2 kV. Sometimes it is required to measure the VT Ratio with higher voltages to have more accurate results. With the CPC 100 and the CP TD1, it is possible to generate voltages up to 12 kV and to measure the ratio in two steps. Reading the AN CP0902 Application Note alone does not release you from the duty of complying with all national and international safety regulations relevant to working with the CPC 100 and the CP TD1.

1.1

Operator Qualifications and Safety Standards

Working with high voltage is extremely dangerous. The VT Ratio measurements described in this Application Note must be carried out only by qualified, skilled and authorized personnel. Before starting to work, clearly establish the responsibilities. Personnel receiving training, instructions, directions, or education on the measurement setup must be under constant supervision of an experienced operator while working with the equipment. The operator is responsible for the safety requirements during the whole test. Before performing tests using high voltage, read the following: Do not perform any test without having carefully read the CPC 100 User Manual. Read in particular all safety instructions and follow them. Do not use the test equipment without a good connection to ground. Pay attention to the national and the international standards for the safe operation of high-voltage test equipment (EN 50191, IEEE 510 and others).

1.2

Conventions and Symbols Used

In this document, the following symbols indicate paragraphs with special safety relevant meaning. Symbol Description Equipment damage or loss of data possible.

Personal injury or severe damage to objects possible.

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1.3

Related Documents
The following documents complete the information covered in this Application Note: Title CPC 100 User Manual CPC 100 Reference Manual Description Provides basic information on the CPC 100 test system and relevant safety instructions. Provides detailed hardware and software information on the CPC 100 test system including relevant safety instructions. General information about working with templates for the CPC 100. Provides basic information on the CP TD1 and relevant safety instructions.

AN CP0711: Test Templates CP TD1 Reference Manual

1.4

Safety Rules
Before starting a measurement, read the safety rules in the CPC 100 User and Reference Manual and the CP TD1 Reference Manual carefully and observe the application-specific safety instructions in this Application Note when performing measurements to protect yourself from high-voltage hazards.

General
Always observe the five safety rules: Disconnect completely Secure against re-connection Verify that the installation is dead Carry out grounding and short-circuiting Provide protection against adjacent live parts

Caution: Never touch any terminal without visible ground connection!

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2
2.1

Safety Instructions for Connecting the CPC 100 to the Test Setup
Before Starting
Make sure that both the CPC 100 and CP TD1 are properly grounded and that the VT is disconnected from the line. Beware of nearby parallel systems which are not disconnected. They can induce hazardous loads in floating segments of a substation. Always touch the leads and terminals with a grounding hook first.

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Test Setup and Manual Performance

To find the VT Ratio, two different measurements have to be performed. Afterwards, the ratio has to be calculated with the results of each measurement.

Measurement 1 The first measurement covers the complex resistance of a capacitance or a resistance. Note: Use a resistor or a capacitor (values see below) and an appropriate test voltage. The voltage in Measurement 1 should be similar to the expected low voltage (LV) in Measurement 2 (HV Out / VT Ratio). As the passive device is not completely independent from the voltage, there might be minor losses in accuracy if the voltage in Measurement 1 is different to the low voltage in Measurement 2. R = 1 k to 10 k (Please consider the power of the resistor as P = U/R) C = 100 nF to 1 F (U > Test Voltage) Measurement 1

Measurement 2 The second measurement covers the complex resistance of R or C in series to a voltage transformer. Note: Use the same resistor or capacitor as for Measurement 1 and a test voltage of up to 12 kV.

The voltage on the low-voltage side should be similar to the voltage in the first test (for example 100 V). The passive device remains the same as in Measurement 1.

Measurement 2

Figure 1

Setup 1 Figure 2 Setup2

Connect C or R according to Figure 1 Choose the TanDelta-PF test card Select combined measurement Z and Mode UST-A Select the voltage, for example 100V

Connect C or R and the VT according to Figure 2 Setup2 Use any low-voltage winding of your VT. Leave other low-voltage windings open. The ground connection (X) of the VT has to be connected to the CP TD1 ground. This connection is important for the test. Choose the TanDelta-PF test card Select combined measurement Z and the Mode UST-A Select the voltage, for example 12 kV Results Measurement 2: The result of the second test is the value of the complex resistance of the passive device multiplied with the VT Ratio, for example Z2 = 998.0 k and Angle2 = 0.25.

Results Measurement 1: The result of the first test is the value of the complex resistance of the passive device, for example Z1 = 998.0 and Angle1 = 0.15.

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Overall Results Overall results are calculated as follows: Ratio = Z2/Z1 = 1000:1 Angle = Angle2 - Angle1 = 0.1 (accuracy: approx. 0.2% and 0.1)

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Template Usage
By using our template for the VT Ratio measurement the test cards are preconfigured and the calculation is done automatically in the Excel file. The test cards can be customized if the configuration does not fit your personal needs. Measurement 1 has to be performed once; Measurement 2 has to be performed for each phase (A, B, C). You find the template and the Excel template enclosed to this Application Note. First of all, transfer the template (VT_Ratio_TD1.xmt) to your CPC 100. All four measurements are prepared in the template. Z (C or R) is the test card relating to "Measurement 1". Z+VT (A)...(C) are the test cards relating to "Measurement 2". Only the first measurement in each card is used for the calculation of the VT ratio.

Figure 3: Test card for the complex resistance of C or R

Perform the measurements Save your measurement results on the CPC 100 Open the Excel template VT Ratio with TD1.xlt Transfer the file to your computer or load the file directly from the CPC 100 to the Excel template Open the "Welcome" sheet and load the results to the Excel template

You will find the results of your measurements on the "Report" sheet in the Excel file. Insert all relevant information (Tester, Manuf., Serial No., etc.) in the "Report" sheet. To get the deviation to the nominal ratio of the VT it is unavoidable to type in the primary and the secondary voltage (see nameplate) of your transformer. The template is now ready to be customized for any personal needs.

OMICRON 2010

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