CHAPTER 6: WAVE (c) Calculate the wavelengths of each of the radio waves suggested by

1. Diagram 8.1 shows the positions of two policemen A and B standing behind assuming the speed of radio waves in air is 3.0 x 108 m s–1.
the two tall buildings. The policemen are holding a walkie-talkie each. The
two buildings are 4 m apart.
Policeman A

[4 marks]
(d) Based on your answer in (c), which is the most suitable radio frequency
to be used by the policemen. Explain your answer.
Tall building
.........…………………………………………………………………………

.........……………………………………………………………………
……

Policeman B [2 marks]
DIAGRAM 8.1
(e) Name one type of electromagnetic wave which is suitable for satellite
The policemen communicate with each other by using radio waves. communication. Give a reason for your answer.
(a) Radio waves are a type of ………………………………[1 mark]
(b) (i) Name the wave phenomenon which enables the policemen to .........……………………………………………………………………
communicate with each other. ……
.....................………………………………
………… [1 mark] .........……………………………………………………………………
(ii) Name two factors that affect the effectiveness of the above ……
phenomenon.
[2 marks]
..................………………………………………………………
2. Diagram 4.1 shows a submarine transmitting ultrasonic waves directed at a big rock
.....................…………………………………………[2 marks] on the sea bed. After sometime, the submarine detects the wave again.
Table 8.1 shows a few radio frequencies suggested by the policemen.

Suggested frequencies

50 MHz

500 MHz

5 GHz
DIAGRAM 4.1
TABLE 8.1
 (a) State the wave phenomenon involved. On diagram 4.2 draw the pulses of the wave received by the submarine after 1.5
seconds later. Given the time base of the CRO is 0.5 s/cm.
…………………………………………………………………….... [ 2 marks ]
[ 1 mark ] 3. Diagram 3.1 shows a bob hanging to a spring. The spring osillate at a
(b) Explain why the submarine used ultrasonic wave but not ordinary frequency of 10 oscillation per second. The bob at the end of the spring
sound wave? touches the surface of water in the ripple tank and produces a series of
circular waves. The pattern of the wave is seen through a stroboscope.
...........................................................................................................
.

...........................................................................................................
.

[ 2 marks ]

(c) (i) Calculate the distance of the submarine from the big rock if
the submarine
detects the second wave after 1.5 seconds.
[Velocity of ultrasonic wave = 1560 ms-1]

DIAGRAM 3.1
[ 2 marks ]
(a) Calculate:
(ii) Diagram 4.2 shows how the pulses of the transmitted ultrasonic wave is
(i) the wavelength of the water wave that propagate.
displayed on the screen of a cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO).

[1 mark]
(ii) the speed of the wave formed.

[2 marks]
(b) (i) What happen to the wavelength when the frequency
of the oscillating spring increases?

.......................................................................
DIAGRAM 4.2 ...............
[1 mark]
(ii) Suggest one way to incease the frequency of the
oscillating spring.
......................................................................................
......................
 [1 mark]

(c) In Diagram 3.2 draw the wave pattern formed when the wave (a) Observe the Diagram 6.1 and 6.2.
hits the plane reflector. (i) Compare the amplitude and the wave length of the reflection waves.

……………………………………………………………………
……….

……………………………………………………………………
………..
[2 marks]

(ii) Sound waves with frequency of 5.8 x 105 Hz are used to

determine the depth of the sea. The speed of sound waves in
sea water is 1250 ms-1. The time-base of the oscilloscope is
adjusted at 50 ms cm-1. If the time interval between the
DIAGRAM 3.2 transmitting and receiving a pulse of waves is
1.2 s, what is the depth of the sea?
[1 marks]
4. Diagram 6.1 shows a SONAR waves is sent by transmitter at the lower part
of the boat and the echoes are detected by hydrophone.
Diagram 6.2 shows the trace on the screen of oscilloscope.

[2 marks]

(b) (i) Based on the answer 6(a)(i) state the relationship between
the
amplitude of the reflection waves and the depth.

…………………………………………………………………
DIAGRAM 6(a) DIAGRAM 6(b) [1 mark]

(ii) Give one reason for your answer.

………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(c ) State the principle involved.

6 cm 4 cm

DIAGRAM 6.1 DIAGRAM

6.2
 …………..….…………………………………………………………
……… …………..…………………………………………………………
[1 mark] ………
(d) State one uses of SONAR.
………………………………………………………………………
… [1 mark] [2 marks]
5. Diagram 4 shows the pattern of water waves moving towards a gap between Diagram 2 shows waves which has wavelength, λ, traveling
two walls at a water-theme park. Frequency of the water wave is 5 Hz. across water.

DIAGRAM 2
Every second, the crests of the water waves passed each flags.
(a) What is meant by wavelength?
……………………………………………………………………………………
DIAGRAM 4
……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(b) The distance between two flags is 2 m.
(a) (i) On Diagram 4, draw the pattern of water waves after passing Calculate the velocity of the water waves.
through the gap. [2 marks]

[2 marks]
(ii) Name the wave phenomenon involved.
……………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(b) Calculate the velocity of the water waves. (c) When the stronger wind blown along the surface of water,
the crests of the water waves
passed the two flags in every 0.5 second.
Explain what happens to the frequency of the waves.
……………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]
……………………………………………………………………………………
(c) Explain how this phenomenon occurs.
[2 marks]
…………..…………………………………………………………
………
 (b) Diagram 7.2 shows the cross sectional of the harbour wall that facing the
waves. In Diagram 7.2 draw the waves after passing trough the gap.

Diagram 8
[2 markah]
(c) The model harbour in diagram 7.1 is to be use for commercial purposes.
Suggest modifications to the harbour wall that enables it
(i) to sustain the impact of the water wave
…………………………………………………………………………………
…
Diagram 7.1 shows water waves passing through the entrance of a model
……………………………………………………………………………………
harbour.
[ 2 marks]
(ii) to reduce the impact of the water wave to the shore
………………………………………………………………………………
……

…………………………………………………………………………[ 2 marks]

(d) During dry season large ship is advice not to shelter at the harbour. Explain
this situation and suggest a method to load and unload the ship.
……………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………… [ 2 marks]

Diagram 7.1
(a) (i) Name the type of wave is the water wave.
………………………………………………………………………… [ mark]
(ii) State why the wave shape is only slightly change after passing the gap
.....................................………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark]