Expression

both and

Example
I like both cats and dogs.

so

Jane likes cats. So do I.

not either

Jane doesn't like cats. I don't like cats either.

either or

Jane either has a cat or a dog.

neither/nor

Jane doesn't like cats. Neither do I./Nor do I.

neither nor I like neither cats nor dogs.

Exercise
Find out wh some parents think that their teenage sons or daughters ha!e a lot in common with cats. "#on't take it too seriousl $ though.% &o% '. (. cats teenagers turn their heads when ou call them. would ou

)ou would hardl e!er see a cat walking outside o* the house with its master. see a teenager in public with his or her parents !er o*ten. , cat doesn't share our taste in music. , teenager doesn't cats

+. -. .. 0. 2.

teenagers can lie on the so*a *or hours on end without mo!ing. do teenagers. our teen will laugh about it. cats teenagers get

/ats expect ou to prepare the *ood *or them. I* ou tell a 1oke$ our cat

I* ou make a sudden mo!e in their direction$ *rightened. /ats do not impro!e our *urniture. 4eenagers don't /ats roam outside and o*ten come home !er late at night. /onclusion7 no matter i* ou same. ha!e a cat

3. 5. '6.

do teenagers. a teenager at home 8 it's all the

Choose the correct pair (either / or and neither / nor).

1. In this game you ___win ___ lose. It depends on you 2. ___ Sue ___ Sara will help you with your homework. They are both busy at the moment. 3. This is my offer. You ___ take it ___ leave it. . !hen I go to the restaurant" I eat ___ fish ___ roast #hi#ken. These are my favorite meals. $. %is father believed ___ his son ___ his friend. %e thought that both were lying.

&. I need ___ your help ___ your #ompassion. I #an perfe#tly handle my problems all alone. '. ___ (harly ___ )ill will write the report. *ust ask one of them. +. ___ you return the money you had stolen ____ I,ll #all the poli#e. -. .y mum #an ___ read ___ write. She is illiterate. 1/. You #an use ___ this #omputer ___ the other one. Someone must fi0 them first.

A Example 1: Sean is Irish. Michael is Irish too. > > > Example 2 : Tom doesn't like sailing. I don't like sailing either. > > > 1) My sister loves chocolate. I love chocolate too. 2) Peter was late. Mary was late too. 3) They can't speak Chinese. We can't speak Chinese either.

B Example 1: Sean is Irish. So is Michael. Example 2 : Tom doesn't like sailing. Neither do I 1) 2) 3)

4) Co ee keeps yo! awake. Tea keeps yo! awake 4) too. ") #arah $oesn't like co ee. %ane $oesn't like co ee ") either. &) 'avi$'s (o) isn't well pai$. My (o) isn't well pai$ either. &) *)

*) My parents wo!l$ love to live )y the sea. I wo!l$ love to live )y the sea too. +) To, wo!l$n't like to lose his (o). Peter wo!l$n't like to lose his (o) either. -) %!lie is intereste$ in art. I', intereste$ in art too. 1.) /ill $i$n't !n$erstan$ the (oke. 0is wi e $i$n't !n$erstan$ the (oke either. +) -) 1.)

Choose the proper response:

1. Mary saw that movie. Her sister saw it ________________. too either neither 2. I don't like ________________ one of those options. neither either too 3. He didn't say anything and ________________ did I. either too neither !. He didn't say anything and I didn't ________________. neither either too ". ________________ #o$ nor his sister is going to the %onferen%e. &either 'ither (oo

). *ass me ________________ one of those pens. neither either too +. Her father likes to travel and she does ________________. either neither too ,. *'-./& 1: 0o1 don't like fish2 I don't 3like fish4 ________________. neither either too 5. *'-./& 1: 6hi%h one do yo1 like2 *'-./& 2: I don't like ________________ 3one4. either neither too 17. *'-./& 1: I hate $ro%%oli8 *'-./& 2: I hate $ro%%oli ________________. either too neither

Rewrite the sentences using the paired conjunctions given in brackets. Make any necessary changes. DO NOT USE N! "UN#TU T$ON M R%S& E'a(p)e* Tom doesn't lie to his friends. Paul doesn't either. (neither...nor) Neither Tom nor Paul lie to their friends. +. ,red )ikes he)ping his -riends. So does .inda. /both...and0 1. 2arry used to date /either...or0 nn. Or was it 2e)en3

4. 5e shou)d )earn to accept our weaknesses and our strengths. /not on)y...but a)so0

6. 2e never )istens to or advises his -riends when they have a prob)e(. /neither...nor0 7. $8ve betrayed your trust. $8ve betrayed your )ove -or (e. /not on)y...but a)so0 9. 2e -e)t disappointed. 2e -e)t (isunderstood. /both...and0 :. ;rian isn8t very considerate. Neither is To(. /neither...nor0 <. true -riend is so(eone who is caring and )oving. /both...and0 =. Rache) shou)d apo)ogise or )eave. /either...or0 +>. Richard and ?ohn didn8t keep her secret. /neither...nor0

B.
Now choose the (ost (eaning-u) option. +. 5ho wrote you this )ove )etter3 @ $8( not sure. $ think it was AAA Michae) AAA "au). 1. AAA .inda AAA 2e)en ca))ed to say sorry. $8( very sad and -rustrated. 4. AAA Ryan AAA Susie have disappointed (e. They didn8t co(e to (y birthday party. 6. "au) has been neg)ecting us. 2e AAA ca))s AAA hangs out with us any(ore. 7. 2e hurt AAA her -ee)ings AAA her dignity. This is un-orgivab)e. 9. AAA )oya)ty AAA honesty are essentia) in a -riendship.

:. !ou shou)d AAA disrespect AAA deceive your -riends. <. $ wi)) take you AAA to the cine(a AAA to the theatre. That8s a pro(ise.
Last year I went to Paris and Rome. I liked 2. There were two pictures on the wall. I didn't like 3. It was a good foot all match. !. It wasn't a good foot all match. teams played well. team played well. cities very much. them.

". #hich $acket do you prefer% this one or that one& I don't like them. '. I ought two newspapers. #hich one do you want& matter which one. (. )mina has got two sisters and a rother. I've met her her sisters. *. Is your friend )lgerian or +nglish& -. ,amira and I didn't know the time ./. )mina has got two sisters and a 1 1: 'o yo! want ice crea, or apple pie2 /: Can I have 3333333333334 please. 2 I', sorry. There isn't eno!5h to 5o ro!n$. 6o! can only have 333333333333 ice crea, or pie. 3 Tony wasn't in class to$ay. 333333333333 was Caroline. 0,,. 4 0ow e,)arrassin57 We're 333333333333 wearin5 the sa,e (!,per. " Michael %ackson or Ma$onna2 I $on't like 333333333333 o the,. & I o!n$ two pairs o nice (eans in the sales so I )o!5ht 333333333333. * /oth streets 5o to the station. 6o! can take 333333333333. + 1: 1re yo! 8eo or 9ir5o2 /: 333333333333. I', Pisces. - #o who's )rin5in5 a tent4 333333333333 yo! or Michael2 1. 1: What shall we have or l!nch4 pasta or rice2 /: 333333333333 will $o. I really $on't ,in$. ecause rother. . ,he's )merican. us had a watch. sisters are married. It doesn't rother ut I haven't met

No or None? /hoose 'no' or 'none'. '. /an ou talk to me9 8 Sorr $ I ha!e time. (. :ow man books ha!e ou bought9 +. ;e ha!e lessons toda . -. o* us were present at the meeting. .. She had di**icult *inding her child. 0. ;e can&t write a letter because there are pens here. 2. :ow man children ha!e the got9 8 Either ....or/Neither ...nor? /hoose the right !ariant. '. )ou must go. )ou can take a bus a taxi.

(. :as an bod a pen9 No. <obert I ha!e. +. ;ho can help ou9 John =ate can help me. -. #id he come esterda 9 No$ he came phoned. .. ;hat is his name9 Is he Jack or >en9 8 I'm not sure. :e is Jack >en. 0. I* ou don't bu tickets be*orehand$ we'll not get to the theatre to the concert. 2. ;here is she *rom9 8 I'm not sure. She is <ussian ?olish. 3. 4om I ha!e a bike. ;e want to bu bikes soon.

Either or Neither? 1. Mary and I play badminton every day but can play well. of us

2. When shall I phone you, at 6 or at 7 o'cloc ! " . I'll be at home. #. I didn't now what had happend. did my father. $. Mi e hasn't a car. I haven't a car . %. We were invited to two parties but we didn't &o to of them. 6. 'ather hasn't read the newspaper. have I.
Choose the proper response:

1. He doesn't like ________________ one of those $ands. either neither nor 2. I hate that song and my sister hates it ________________ . neither too either 3. &either my $rother ________________ my mother knows a$o1t this. nor neither or !. He didn't %ome to the party and his $rother didn't %ome ________________. neither nor

either ". ________________ 3one4 of the girls knows how to dan%e. 3 9 #oth girls are $ad dan%ers4 'ither &either &or ). He ________________ has a %at or a dog. I %an't remem$er. neither too either +. &either my $rother ________________ ready to go. nor his friends are nor his friends is or his friends is ,. He was not angry ________________ did he ins1lt me. 3 9 he didn't ins1lt me either4 nor neither either 5. I'm thinking of traveling to either :rgentina ________________ #ra;il. either or nor 17. I'm not a $ig fan of that writer and ________________ is my father. too either neither

?a ing attention to whether re*erence is being made to a group o* two ob1ects$ or a group o* more than two ob1ects$ *or each o* the *ollowing sentences *ill in the blank with the correct word chosen *rom the pair gi!en in brackets. For example7 4here are two trees on the lawn. @@@@ o* them are spruce trees. ",ll$ >oth%

4here are two trees on the lawn. >oth o* them are spruce trees. I had three pencils. :a!e ou seen @@@ o* them9 "an $ either% I had three pencils. :a!e ou seen an o* them9 "an $ either% 4here are *our bushes in the garden$ but @@@@ o* them are rhododendrons. "neither$ none% 4here are *our bushes in the garden$ but none o* them are rhododendrons. '. I ha!e three winter coats$ but @@@@@@@@ o* them are new. "neither$ none% (. 4here are two umbrellas here$ but @@@@@@@@@ o* them is mine. "neither$ none% +. :e owns twel!e cows. @@@@@@@ o* them are Jerse s. ",ll$ >oth% -. She has painted doAens o* pictures. :a!e ou seen @@@@@@@@ o* them9 "an $ either% .. ,m and >eth are twins. 4he @@@@@@@ pla the guitar. "all$ both% 0. 4wo people said B:elloB to me$ but I did not recogniAe @@@@@@@@ o* them. "an $ either% 2. C wi*e and I @@@@@@@ en1o classical music. "all$ both% 3. I *ound all o* the Duestions di**icult. #id ou answer @@@@@@@@ o* them correctl 9 "an $ either% 5. I asked six di**erent people$ but @@@@@@@@ o* them knew where ;alnut Street was. "neither$ none% '6. C *riends and I would like to thank ou *or our hospitalit . ;e @@@@@@@ en1o ed oursel!es !er much. "all$ both% ''. 4here are two public libraries in the cit $ but @@@@@@@@ o* them is located close to where I li!e. "neither$ none% '(. 4wo wrist watches were le*t here. Is @@@@@@@@@ o* them ours9 "an $ either% '+. :e has three nephews. @@@@@@@@ o* them ha!e graduated *rom uni!ersit . ",ll$ >oth% '-. I ha!e two !iolins. )ou are welcome to use @@@@@@@@ o* them. "an $ either% '.. C aunt and uncle are @@@@@@@ coming *or a !isit. "all$ both% '0. Eeorge and 4om like pla ing chess together$ but @@@@@@@@@ o* them likes to lose a game. "neither$ none% '2. 4he bush is co!ered with blueberries. ,re @@@@@@@@ o* them ripe et9 "an $ either% '3. I ha!e read *i!e books on the sub1ect$ but @@@@@@@@ o* them were !er help*ul. "neither$ none% ,nswers (. ?a ing attention to whether the singular or the plural *orm is correct$ *ill in the blanks with the correct words chosen *rom the pairs gi!en in brackets. For example7 Se!eral o* m *riends @@@@ present. "was$ were% Se!eral o* m *riends were present. Fne o* his *riends @@@ absent. "was$ were% Fne o* his *riends was absent. Each o* the dogs pricked up @@@ ears. "its$ their% Each o* the dogs pricked up its ears. ,ll o* the dogs pricked up @@@@@ ears. "its$ their%

,ll o* the dogs pricked up their ears. '. Each o* her *riends @@@@@@@@ a uni!ersit degree. "has$ ha!e% (. Can o* the birds in this park @@@@@@@@@ here throughout the ear. "li!e$ li!es% +. >oth o* the children wanted to *inish @@@@@@@@@ work earl . "his$ their% -. E!er writer should learn *rom @@@@@@@@@ own experiences. "his or her$ their% .. Either o* m daughters can lend ou @@@@@@@@@ skis. "her$ their% 0. Few o* her ideas @@@@@@@@ as intriguing as this one. "are$ is% 2. ,ll o* the !isitors expressed @@@@@@@@@ thanks. "his or her$ their% 3. Each o* our customers @@@@@@@@ important. "are$ is% 5. Fne o* the canaries ate onl hal* @@@@@@@@@ *ood. "its$ their% '6. Either o* the routes @@@@@@@@ a good choice. "are$ is% ''. Neither o* the bo s *orgot @@@@@@@@@ books. "his$ their% '(. >oth o* the drawings @@@@@@@ beauti*ul. "are$ is% '+. Neither o* m uncles @@@@@@@@@ to us o*ten. "write$ writes% '-. E!er girl clapped @@@@@@@@@ hands. "her$ their% ,nswers +. ?a ing attention to whether an ad1ecti!e$ pronoun or ad!erb is reDuired$ complete the *ollowing sentences b *illing in the blanks with no$ none or not$ as appropriate. For example7 4here is @@ danger. 4here is no danger. @@@@ o* the trees are e!ergreens. None o* the trees are e!ergreens. It was @@@ raining when I le*t home. It was not raining when I le*t home. '. 4here is @@@@@@@@ wind this morning. (. I ha!e @@@@@@@@ *inished reading the book. +. @@@@@@@ o* the children were late *or school. -. ;e did @@@@@@@@ tell an one the secret. .. I ha!e @@@@@@@@ idea what time it is. 0. @@@@@@@@ o* the streets ha!e been plowed. 2. @@@@@@@@ bic cles are allowed on the grass. 3. :e is @@@@@@@@ read . 5. @@@@@@@@ harm was done. '6. 4here is @@@@@@@@ time to lose. ''. She is @@@@@@@@ expected to arri!e until tomorrow. '(. @@@@@@@@ o* the stores are open. ,nswers -. <ewrite the *ollowing sentences as negati!e statements$ in which the word some is replaced b the word any. For example7 :e has sold some apples.

:e has not sold an apples. I need to bu some shoes. I do not need to bu an shoes. '. I will make some salad. (. ;e need some onions. +. I ha!e met some o* our *riends. -. :e has photographed some o* the most beauti*ul parts o* the cit . .. She wants to take some courses in ,rchaeolog . 0. I recogniAed some o* the students. 2. ;e ha!e !isited some o* the o**shore islands. 3. I ha!e read some books b that author. 5. 4here is some danger in!ol!ed. '6. I ha!e some reser!ations about our plan. ''. 4he ha!e inter!iewed some o* the contestants. '(. She bought some o* the books second8hand. ,nswers .. <ewrite each o* the *ollowing sentences to express a negati!e meaning. Each sentence contains a word beginning with some. I* the word beginning with some occurs at the beginning o* the sentence$ change the word beginning with some to the appropriate word or phrase beginning with no. For example7 Some o* the coats are expensi!e. None o* the coats are expensi!e. Someone is at home. No one is at home. I* the word beginning with some occurs later in the sentence$ change the sentence to a negati!e statement$ and change the word beginning with some to the appropriate word beginning with any. For example7 I ha!e some paper. I do not ha!e an paper. I saw our glasses somewhere. I did not see our glasses an where. '. :e has some relati!es in the cit . (. I know someone here. +. Some o* us were surprised b the announcement. -. I plan to go somewhere on m !acation. .. Some tickets were sold this morning. 0. I heard someone pla ing the bagpipes. 2. I ga!e her some ad!ice. 3. Something is wrong.

5. ;e bought something at the *lea market. '6. 4he had some exciting ad!entures. ''. Someone o**ered to help me. '(. She knows someone working at the Gibrar . '+. :e li!es somewhere near here. '-. Somebod le*t earl . '.. I saw someone arri!ing b taxi. '0. Some books are missing. '2. I ha!e something to do this a*ternoon. '3. Some o* the magaAines are worth reading. ,nswers 0. ?a ing attention to the grammatical structure$ complete each o* the *ollowing sentences b *illing in the blank with another$ other$ others or else$ as appropriate. For example7 ;ould ou like @@@@@@@ cup o* tea9 ;ould ou like another cup o* tea9 4he @@@@@ guests ha!e alread arri!ed. 4he other guests ha!e alread arri!ed. Fi!e o* the books were returned on time $ but three @@@@@@ were o!erdue. Fi!e o* the books were returned on time$ but three others were o!erdue. ;ho @@@@ was at the part 9 ;ho else was at the part 9 '. I want to borrow @@@@@@@@@@@ book *rom the librar . (. 4hree people mo!ed out$ and two @@@@@@@@@@@@ mo!ed in. +. ;ho @@@@@@@@@@@ knows the secret9 -. 4here are se!eral @@@@@@@@@@@@ possibilities. .. ;here @@@@@@@@@@@@ should I look9 0. Some students en1o ed the *ilm$ but @@@@@@@@@@@@ did not. 2. :e li!es on the @@@@@@@@@@@@ side o* the lake. 3. I ha!e @@@@@@@@@@@@@ idea. 5. @@@@@@@@@@@@ people soon *ollowed her example. '6. #o ou know an one @@@@@@@@@@@@ here9 ''. ;e are going to mo!e to @@@@@@@@@@@ cit . '(. Some birds *eed on insects$ while @@@@@@@@@@@@ eat berries. '+. Somebod @@@@@@@@@@@@ should ha!e a turn now. '-. Few @@@@@@@@@@@@ people attended the ceremon . '.. )ou ma borrow this eraser. I ha!e se!eral @@@@@@@@@@@@ '0. ;hat @@@@@@@@@@@@ ha!e ou decided9 ,nswers 2. 4he *ollowing *i!e sentences$ labelled A to E$ are identical except *or the position o* the word only7

,. C >. C /. C #. C E. C

onl *riend drew the picture o* the child *riend drew onl the picture o* the child *riend drew the onl picture o* the child *riend drew the picture o* the onl child *riend drew the picture o* the child onl

esterda esterda esterda esterda esterda

. . . . .

4he meanings o* the preceding *i!e sentences are gi!en in the *i!e sentences below. For each sentence$ *ill in the blank with the letter "A to E% which corresponds to the sentence abo!e which has the same meaning. '. @@@ C *riend drew the one existing picture o* the child esterda . (. @@@ C *riend drew nothing except the picture o* the child esterda . +. @@@ C *riend drew the picture o* the child as short a time ago as esterda . -. @@@ 4he one *riend that I ha!e drew the picture o* the child esterda . .. @@@ C *riend drew the picture o* the one child in the *amil esterda . ,nswers 3. Explain the di**erences in meaning o* the sentences in the *ollowing pairs. '. 4here is a little butter le*t. (. 4here is little butter le*t. +. ;e encountered a *ew di**iculties. -. ;e encountered *ew di**iculties. ,nswers 5. ?a ing attention to the grammatical structure$ *or each o* the *ollowing sentences$ *ill in the blank with such$ so or too$ as appropriate. In some o* the sentences$ the word that has been omitted. For example7 I saw @@@@ beauti*ul *lowers$ I wished I had brought m camera with me. I saw such beauti*ul *lowers$ I wished I had brought m camera with me. 4he sun was @@ bright that we had to wear sunglasses. 4he sun was so bright that we had to wear sunglasses. I saw @@ man *lowers that I could not identi* them all. I saw so man *lowers that I could not identi* them all. > the time I recei!ed our message$ it was @@@ late to call ou. > the time I recei!ed our message$ it was too late to call ou. '. She sang @@@@@@@@ soothing lullabies that the bab was soon asleep. (. :e owned @@@@@@@@ man books that his walls were lined with bookcases. +. 4he bo s were @@@@@@@ excited to sit still. -. :e has @@@@@@@@ !aried interests$ one ne!er knows what he will do next.

.. 4he ha!e @@@@@@@@ *ew enemies$ the are accepted where!er the go. 0. 4he snow was @@@@@@@@ deep *or us to walk across the *ield. 2. )esterda I walked @@@@@@@@ *ar that I *ell asleep immediatel a*ter supper. 3. I had @@@@@@@@ a good time at the part $ I did not want to lea!e. 5. I see her @@@@@@@@ o*ten that I *eel I know her Duite well. '6. 4he !isibilit was @@@@@@@@ poor *or the mountains to be seen. ''. 4his is @@@@@@@@ an interesting book$ I sta ed up all night to read it. '(. 4his puAAle is @@@@@@@@ eas that a child could do it. '+. 4here was @@@@@@@@ much tra**ic$ I could not cross the street. '-. She was @@@@@@@@ tired to watch the !ideo. '.. 4he ha!e @@@@@@@ little *urniture$ it will be eas *or them to mo!e. ,nswers

ANSWERS TO THE EXERC SES !or Cha"ter #$ ,nswers to Exercise '7 '. none (. neither +. ,ll -. an .. both 0. either 2. both 3. an 5. none '6. all ''. neither '(. either '+. ,ll '-. either '.. both '0. neither '2. an '3. none ,nswers to Exercise (7 '. has (. li!e +. their -. his or her .. her 0. are 2. their 3. is 5. its '6. is ''. his '(. are '+. writes '-. her ,nswers to Exercise +7 '. no (. not +. None -. not .. no 0. None 2. No 3. not 5. No '6. no ''. not '(. None ,nswers to Exercise -7 '. I will not make an salad. (. ;e do not need an onions. +. I ha!e not met an o* our *riends. -. :e has not photographed an o* the most beauti*ul parts o* the cit . .. She does not want to take an courses in ,rchaeolog . 0. I did not recogniAe an o* the students. 2. ;e ha!e not !isited an o* the o**shore islands. 3. I ha!e not read an books b that author. 5. 4here is not an danger in!ol!ed. '6. I do not ha!e an reser!ations about our plan. ''. 4he ha!e not inter!iewed an o* the contestants. '(. She did not bu an o* the books second8hand. ,nswers to Exercise .7 '. :e does not ha!e an relati!es in the cit . (. I do not know an one here. +. None o* us were surprised b the announcement. -. I do not plan to go an where on m !acation. .. No tickets were sold this morning. 0. I did not hear an one pla ing the bagpipes. 2. I did not gi!e her an ad!ice. 3. Nothing is wrong. 5. ;e did not bu an thing at the *lea market. '6. 4he did not ha!e an exciting ad!entures. ''. No one o**ered to help me. '(. She does not know an one working at the Gibrar . '+. :e does not li!e an where near here. '-. Nobod le*t earl . '.. I did not see an one arri!ing b taxi. ,nswers to Exercise 07 '. another (. others +. else -. other .. else 0. others 2. other 3. another 5. Fther '6. else ''.

another '(. others '+. else '-. other '.. others '0. else ,nswers to Exercise 27 '. / (. > +. E -. , .. # ,nswers to Exercise 37 Ceanings7 '. 4here is some butter le*t. (. 4here is a !er small amount o* butter le*t. +. ;e encountered some di**iculties. -. ;e encountered a !er small number o* di**iculties. H4he phrase B*ew di**icultiesB implies that the di**iculties were unimportant.I ,nswers to Exercise 57 '. such (. so +. too -. such .. so 0. too 2. so 3. such 5. so '6. too ''. such '(. so '+. so '-. too '.. so