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A Summary of the rituals of Hajj

According to the opinions of the religious Authority Sayyed Muhammad Hussein Fadlullah Hajj is divided into three parts: 1- Hajj -ut- Tamatu' - Hajj al-!iran "- Hajj al#$frad %mra is divided into t&o parts 1- %mrat ut-Tamatu' - Al-%mra al-Mufrada

The Mu'alaf's duty to&ards these parts differs according to his location( )ho& near or far he is from Mecca*+ as follo&s( 1- First+ Those &ho are near Mecca+ less than ,, 'ms a&ay ( - Second: Those &ho live far from Mecca )more than ,, 'ms*( The first group should perform Hajj al-!iran+ Hajj al-$frad and %mra AlMufrada( -hile the second group should perform+ Hajj ut-Tamatu' and %mrat at Tamatu'(

%mrat-ut-Tamatu.
a* The First /uty: $hram
%mrah cannot 0e preformed &ithout $hram+ &hich is done in the follo&ing manner: 1* Men should ta'e off their ordinary clothes and &ear the t&o garments of ihram+ one li'e a sarong and the other as a cover for the shoulder and the upper 0ody( * The pilgrim should ma'e niyyah to perform %mrat-ut-Tamatu.( $t is recommend to say: $ perform $hram for+ %mrat-ut-Tamatu. as part of Hajjatul $slam((( "* The pilgrim should then chant tal0iyah in Ara0ic + i(e( )1a0ay'a Allahumma la0ay'+ 1a0ay'a 1a Shari'a 1a'a 1a0ay'* ( $t is recommenda0le that he should add $na Alhamada -nnimata 1a'a -almul' (1a Shari'a 1a'a 1a0ay'

2* 3nce they )men and &omen* perform $hram + they are 0arred from doing certain things4 these are: a( Hunting animals( 0( Se5ual enjoyment+ 0e it through intercourse+ caressing+ or 'issing6 c( Smelling perfume and flo&ers scent and eating &hat has a nice smell that is added to food ( d( 7eautification( e( 1oo'ing into a mirror+ for 0eautification purposes ( f( -earing rings for 0eautification purposes (it is o' if one &ears them to count or the ones that are recommenda0le to &ear ( g( 7leeding one.s 0ody( h( S&earing and committing fusou' &hich is committing any sin as a precaution ( i( -rangling( j( 8illing insects found on humans+ such as lice and fleas( '( Applying any cream oil and the li'e to the 0ody+ e5cept for medication( l( 9emoving hair from the 0ody( m( :utting nails( n( /ipping the head into &ater+ or li;uids+ as a matter of ihtiyat( o( :arrying &eapons( p( %prooting trees and shru0s in the vicinity of the Haram( ;( -earing ordinary clothes4 this is particularly not allo&ed for men( r( Men should not &ear shoes that cover the top of feet+ and soc's( s( :overing the head4 this is particularly for0idden for men( t( Tadhleel )see'ing shelter in the shade*+ i(e( of the 'ind+ &hich accompanies the movement of the pilgrim( $t is permissi0le to do so if one stays in the same place( u( :overing the face +even 0y putting a 0ag in front of it ( v( -earing gloves for 0oth men and &omen (

-$t is not o0ligatory to perform -udu or a0lution for $hram although it is recommend( -omen in their period perform $hram from outside the Mos;ue in the Mi;at region( -$hram should 0e made from Mi;at+ 0y those &ho pass 0y it( Those &ho travel 0y plane could perform $hram in <eddah+ although it is recommended that is performed in the Mi;at near Mecca)Al-<ahfa* -it is permissi0le for men to see' shelter at night unless it is raining as a necessary precaution &hile &oman are allo&ed to do so day and night( -$t is permissi0le to use a se&n money 0elt or shoes( =rovided that the shoe does not cover the &hole front part of the foot(

0* The second duty: Ta&af


1- To perform Ta&af+ &udu should 0e performed and ghosoul also if the pilgrim has 0ig Hadath in that he should 0e physically purified )Taher from najasah* ( - the Mu'alaf should ma'e niyyah to perform t&af either loudly or in his heart( The &ay to conduct ta&af is 0y standing 0eside the location of Hajaril As&ad+ ta'ing into account that the 8a.0a is on the &orshipper.s left and guided 0y a 0ro&n line on the ground that leads to the 7lac' stone + and circumam0ulate the 8aa.0a seven times+ starting each round from Hajaril As&ad and ending it there( -$t is enough to perform ta&af as the rest of people+ and it is not necessary to ma'e sure that pilgrim.s shoulder is to the left of 8aa.0a ( -=ushing around or touching the &all of 8aa.0a does not render the ta&af invalid )0atil* nor does the touching of the 8a0ah &all or Hijr $smail( -$t is not o0ligatory to perform ta&af 0et&een The 8aa.0a and the Shrine of =rophet $0rahim )a(s(*($t could 0e performed outside it as long as it is continuous( $f one dou0ts the num0er of times+ he should repeat all of it+ e5cept if the dou0t is 0et&een the seventh and eighth round at the 7lac' Stone ) hajar al as&ad*( -3ne could rely on his companion.s count of rounds+ even if he himself dou0ts(

c* The third duty: prayer


This prayer consists of t&o ru'u.s+ i(e( similar to subh( The pilgrims have the choice of reciting audi0ly or inaudi0ly( They should endeavour+ after > rounds of ta&af+ to choose a place that is 0ehind+ 0ut close to Ma;am $0rahim( Should this

not 0e feasi0le+ performing prayer in any place in the Mos;ue could 0e sanctioned+ provided that it is 0ehind the Ma;am+ not ahead of it( $f the pilgrim dou0ts the num0er of ru'u. + his prayer &ould 0e invalid+ 0ut if he is not certain +0ut 0elieves that he has performed a certain num0er+ he should act as if he is certain of this num0er( $t is recommended that the pilgrim &ould go after prayer and drin' &ater from the &ell of ?am@am( d) The fourth duty : sa.y 0et&een Safa and Mar&ah( Ma'ing niyyah of ;ur0ah )in one.s mind* for sa.y 0et&een Safa and Mar&ah )Taharah is not a condition necessary for this duty *The &orshipper must set out &al'ing 0ris'ly from Safa ) a small mountain over vie&ing Mecca*to Mar&ah finishing one round and then 0ac' finishing the second that is four times from Safa to Mar&ah and three times from Mar&ah to Safa4 thus the end of sa.y should 0e at Mar&ah( 3ne could loo' around or tal' during the sa'y although it is 0etter to avoid any thing that can ma'e one 0e distracted(

e* The fifth o0ligation: ta;seer


Once say is completed, taqseer, of Umrat-ut-Tamatu, becomes due !lippin" some of ones hair or beard #ould do$ this does not ha%e to be in a particular place thou"h &t can be done e%en at home - !uttin" the hair is not allo#ed as a substitute ' &t is not allo#ed for one #ho has not performed taqseer to do it for others, thou"h , they #ould ha%e performed their duty, if he did

Hajj-ut-Tamatu.
The duties of Hajj-ut-Tamatu.: 1-$hram( This should 0e underta'en in e5actly the same &ay it &as done in %mrat-utTamatu.( The only difference is the niyyah4 niyyah of ;ur0ah here should 0e made for Hajj-ut-Tamatu.( The place for this ihram is Ma''ah+ and the 0etter one is the old Me''ah4 Ho&ever+ the 0est place for ihram is the holy mos;ue (-)uquf at Arafat &ts time is from midday of the ninth of Thil Hijjah till the sunset in the same day,

Ha%in" assumed ihram, the pil"rim has to be present at Arafat at midday on the ninth of Thil Hijjah till sunset That said, in no #ay can the pil"rim lea%e Arafat prematurely, i e before sunset '*athin" +"usul) is recommended after sunset, as #ell as recitin" as much supplications as possible

,- )uquf at -u.delifah to be present at -u.delifah +-ashar) durin" the period from da#n till sunrise on the /0th of 1ulhijja, the day of the eid2 )omen elderly and the sic3 can instead spend part of the ni"ht -en #ho accompany them can return to perform the duty at the said time , unless they ha%e to stay #ith the #omen - &t recommended to collect stones from -u.delifah to thro# them on the ne4t day &t is also recommended to collect them from hi"h places One has to collect at least 56 stones

5- 7ami of 8amratil Aqabah *et#een sunset and sunrise is the time span this duty can be carried out$ it has to be done #ith se%en stones thro#n consecuti%ely, i e not at one "o The stones should fell in the basin and it could he thro#n by either the ri"ht hand or the left hand ' Those #ho #ere permitted to stay at -u.delifah #ould be allo#ed to thro# at ni"ht

9- Hady &t is the sacrificial animal offered by the pil"rim after completin" rami The animal should not be sic3 pr s3inny And the pil"rim does not ha%e to slau"hter it himself &t should be done after rami and not before it :- Sha%in";Taqseer &t should not be done before hadi or rami , but if the pil"rim has chosen the animal he #ants to sacrifice ,he is allo#ed to do taqseer &t is obli"atory on male pil"rims, not females, to perform taqseer or sha%e their head, taqseer is not obli"atory in hujjat Al-islam , althou"h it is better

*y <sha%in"<, #e mean sha%in" the entire head$ sha%in", not necessarily by uprootin" the hair, i e by usin" a machine, can be sanctioned$ by <taqseer<, #e mean clippin" some hair or cuttin" the nails Once these obli"ations ha%e been fulfilled, the pil"rims are relie%ed of their ihram and can resume the thin"s they #ere denied durin" the period of ihram, e4cept for #earin" perfume, the company of #omen, and huntin" After that, they should head for -a33ah to do the follo#in"= >-?uties in -ecca= a Ta#af of Hajj, #hich is similar to that of Umrat-ut-Tamatu, e4cept for niyyah b @rayer of ta#af, #hich is a"ain similar to that of Umrat-ut-Tamatu, Ae4cept for niyyahB c Say bet#een Safa and -ar#ah, #hich is similar to that of Umrat-ut-Tamatu, e4cept for niyyah d Ta#afun Cisa and its prayer, #hich are similar to those of Umrat-ut-Tamatu, e4cept for niyyah This applies to both the se4es Once Hajj, its prayer, and say are o%er and done #ith, #earin" perfume becomes la#ful )ith ta#afun nisa completed, se4ual union bet#een man and #ife can resume These obli"ations, i e startin" #ith ta#af of Hajj and endin" #ith ta#afun nisa and its prayer, can be embar3ed on the tenth or the ele%enth of Thil Hijjah The #orshippers are free, thou"h, to delay it beyond these dates, pro%ided that they are performed durin" the month of Thil Hijjah Those #ho are afraid from "ettin" sic3 ,or find it difficult to perform ta#af on the day of eid could do ta#af before "oin" to Arafat , but they ha%e to perform &hram, since it is a necessary condition for ta#af D-Stayin" at -ina The pil"rim is required to stay o%erni"ht in -ina on the ni"hts of the ele%enth and t#elfth of Thil Hijjah <Stayin" o%erni"ht< means presence in -ina from either the e%enin" till midni"ht or from midni"ht till da#n -idni"ht is the point in the middle of sunset and da#n Those #ho stay in -ecca to perform other hajj duties or #orship, are allo#ed not to stay in -ina , pro%ided that the entire time is spent in #orship althou"h ta3in" a little time for eatin" is permissible 6-7ami= On the day of the ele%enth, the pil"rim must perform rami of the three jamarat one after the other, i e the first, the middle, and 8amratil Aqabah E this could be done either in the mornin" or in the afternoon A repeat of rami should be

underta3en on the day of the t#elfth !ome the afternoon of the t#elfth, the pil"rim is free to lea%e -ina, ha%in" thus fulfilled all the obli"ations required of him /0- &fada )hen the pil"rim thro#s the stones on the second day he should stay is -ina until midday and not before that Hajj Al-$frad = it is called so because it is separable from &mrah The pil"rim #ill perform &hram for Hajj ri"ht a#ay &t is different than hajj attamatu in that Hadi is not obli"atory F and ther pil"rim is allo#ed to perform &hram from the 3no#n -iqats, 8eddah , Adna Alhill or e%en &n -ecca Hajj al-!iran &t is the same as Hajj Al-$frad #ith the difference that the pil"rim has to ta3e the hadi #ith him from the moment he performs ihram , until he slau"hters it in -ina The &hram could be made either by Talbiya or by &shaar and taqlid #hich are e4plained in detail in the boo3s about Hajj

%mra Mufrada &t differs from Umra At-tamatu in that sha%in" or taqseer can be performed after Say , and that one has to perform ta#af Annisa after#ards

The 7eli"ious Authority -uhammad Hussein Gadlallah !on%oy /5(: H pil"rima"e -ecca Amir -ajid bin Abdila.i. st *eside Hin" Gahid Security !olle"e 99>06(> ; 99:/:,6@hone Co= -edina E A#ali-*ehind The School of Shariah Sciences D/990>: ;D/9(95 @hone Co= 099:5>/(0 ; 099:5:>/(/Gat#as= 099:5:>0D(&nformation= 099:5:>//0?eputies=

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