Construction Specification

Hale Built Pressure Grouted Displacement

Pile Foundation
1. Scope
The work consists of furnishing and installing the American Pile Dirivng Equipment (APE@) "Pressure
Grouted Displacement Pile, PGD Pile using the patent-pending Hale Built foundation installation
process for low ceiling (i.e. 9-10 ft. clearance) or open site conditions, at the locations shown on the
approved engineering drawings.
2. Material
The specified piles consist of API5CT L-80 steel casing pipe sections, 5 to 40 foot lengths, up to the
ASTM A328/A328M-07 standards for deep foundation systems.
3. Site preparation
Prior to installation, the site shall be cleaned of all construction debris and the locations for the piles to
be marked on suitable grade with the proper surveying equipment. Any excavation within the area to be
occupied by bearing piles shall be completed before the piles are driven. If excavation is necessary for
installation of the piles then all excavations shall be performed in compliance with OSHA standards.
NOTE: Structure/ceiling supports, under low ceiling conditions (e.g cribbing columns supporting an
elevated house), must be properly located to allow pile installation equipment clear access to all pile
locations.
4. Soil Boring Analysis:
A soil boring shall be performed to a depth as specified by the engineer on the site.
5. Protection & Storage of Piles
The PGD Piles must be stored a suitable distance fromthe construction activity to prevent incidental
damage to the equipment, piles and persons. The piles may be placed in stacks (not to exceed 4 shafts
high); however, the first section (helical shaft) shall not, in any circumstances, be placed in stacks. If
placed in stacks, there is a potential for the helical plates to be damaged. If shafts are to be stored in
stacks, adequate bracing must be installed on either side of the stack to prevent the pile shafts from
displacing fromthe specified location. The plastic thread protectors that are on the piles shall not be
removed until the section of pile is ready to be placed into position.
After placement on site, the piles shall be moved in a safe manner. Any piles over 10 feet in length shall
be moved with the appropriate sized drill socket on the drilling machinery only so as to prevent the piles
fromdropping, thus damaging the pile and/or persons. The safety chain must be utilized at all times
during pile transport while on the project site.
6. PGD Pile, general
Prior to installation of the piles, the contractor shall notify the engineer that pile driving is to commence
far enough in advance (i.e. a minimumof 24 hours) to provide the engineer adequate time to be
present,considering travel time. Piles shall be driven only in the presence of the engineer.
The determination of piling order lengths shall be the contractor's responsibility unless otherwise
specified.The lengths shall conformto the approved engineering drawing's specified bearing capacity.
Under no circumstances may the APE PGD Pile be installed with any equipment other than the APE
PGD Pile socket drive drill.
Only brackets specified or approved equal by the design engineer shall be utilized.
7. Pile Installation
After the pile locations have been marked on site according to the approved engineering drawings, the
pile can be prepared for installation. The appropriate caution should take place while moving the pile
sections into position, as outlined in Section 5 of this specification. The protective plastic caps on each
end of a pile shaft section shall not be removed until ready to be moved into position. The socket end of
the starter pile section (with helical blades and grout port) shall be manually set into the APE pile drill
head,(with grout line properly attached), on an appropriately sized excavator (open site conditons) or
other appropriate machinery for use under low ceiling conditions, with the safety chain inserted. The
starter pile section can then be moved into place,over the marked location, then lowered into place.
Once the machine operator deems the pile is in the proper location and the surroundings are clear, the
pile can be drilled until the remaining shaft section is approximately one foot (1') above grade; then the
drill socket shall be disconnected fromthe shaft.
The next pile shaft section shall be transported into position following the same procedure and safety
precautions as the previous section. Once the following shaft is in position, a laborer must manually
align the threaded end of the piling into the previously installed pile section's socket. After insertion, the
laborer must manually turn the pile into the next section enough to catch the threads within the installed
section. Once the shaft is initially inserted into the next section and deemed within the thread, the pile
drill head shall be used to drill the pile section into the pile section that is extended above
grade. The top shaft section, when drilled will catch into the next section and irreversibly lock both
sections together. The grout plug shall then be inserted into the shaft of the second section and for each
following shaft section until the pile toe is properly embedded. The piling shall be drilled in this manner
to ensure: 1) proper interlocking of each pile shaft section throughout the entire length of each pile and
2) that the concrete grout-soil mixture is evenly distributed along the entire borehole,totally encasing the
below grade piling surface. This process shall continue for the following sections until the specified
depth or bearing capacity is achieved; at which time the use of the grout plug is discontinued.
The piles shall be drilled to the position, line, and batter specified on the drawings. Each pile shall be
driven continuously and without interruption to the specified depth or until the specified bearing capacity
is obtained so as to prevent the concrete grout fromcuring during installation.
After the final above grade section(s) is inserted and interlocked to achieve design height the Hale Built
pile cap can be inserted. Should the cap not be installed immediately following the pile installation and
the pile is four (4') feet or less in height, a temporary cover must be set atop.
The following information shall be recorded in a project log book during pile installation for each
foundation project:
1. Starting elevation and total number of sections and length of each pile.
2. Grout volume installed per foot and minimumand maximumgrout pressure used to install the grout.
3. Installation duration.
4. Break cylinder(s) identification data and the grout design mix for grout delivered or mixed on site.
Under no circumstances may deviation fromthis installation procedure occur. Should any unforeseen
events prevent this procedure frombeing executed, the engineer of record shall be notified prior to the
pile driving continuing.
Should an obstruction be encountered or the pile cannot be advanced to the design depth the engineer
shall be informed immediately. If the obstruction is shallow then it may be excavated and removed.
NOTE:
1.Concrete grade beams are not required nor recommended for Pressure Grouted Displacement Piles.
2.The soil shall be assumed to be corrosive. As such, protection fromcorrosion will be provided on all
pile sections. The pile below grade will be encased inside and out by the concrete grout mixture.
Galvanizing of the piping below grade is not an acceptable method of corrosive protection. All piping
above grade shall have an epoxy type polyamide coating to protect the steel fromcorrosion. The
section of pile fromfinal grade to 5-feet below final grade shall also be epoxy coated. Selection of the
epoxy type coating shall consider UV resistance due to direct sunlight exposure and ease of minor
coating repair.
8. Concrete Grout
All concrete grout shall be in conformance with the specifications and the recommendations of the
American Concrete Institute (A.C.I.). The concrete grout shall be certified F'c=4,000 PSI. No loads shall
be transmitted through the pile until 4,000 psi is achieved and cured.
The grout line shall be continuously pumping grout following the starter pile section placement and
during the entire pile installation while drilling occurs.
9. Load testing
When load testing is specified, the engineer shall be present for the test to ensure the test pile is driven
according to the procedure as specified in Section 7. Resistance piles may be required to ensure the
proper load is achieved to accurately load test the piling. After the test pile is installed and cured, the
test can be performed.
The pile can be either tested with static axial compressive load in accordance with ASTM D1143 or high
strain dynamic (HSD) axial load testing in accordance with ASTM D4945. Any testing must be done by
a licensed professional engineer within the state of installation. The maximumdeflection permitted of
the test pile head is 1-inch when tested with static axial compressive load or as determined by the
engineer.
For the static axial compression load test the loads shall be applied gradually, without impact, and in a
manner that no other forces are applied to the pile other than the forces the test is intended for (i.e. no
lateral loads are to be executed during an axial load test). Except as otherwise specified, load tests shall
be performed according to the following procedures.
Static Axial Compressive Load Test Set Up:
1. Place the reaction frame over the pile to be tested, reaction frame should be capable of resisting 10%
more than the test load, the test load shall be defined by the engineer.
2. During a static test, the test pile length above grade must allow the load cell and steel base plate to fit
under the reaction frame
3.Place the load cell on the steel plate atop the test pile and bring the raminto contact with the test
frame at 300 psi to put the systemin tension.
4.Utilize a dial indicator with an accuracy of 0.001 inches. Place the dial indicator in a location to
measure the movement of the pile. Do not attach the dial indicator to the pile or the reaction frame. The
dial indicator support base is placed at least 60 inches fromthe pile shaft
Static Axial Compressive Load Test Procedure: NOTE: The procedure can be modified by the engineer
with regard to increments
1. Increase hydraulic pressure by 1000 psi increments and hold pressure at each increment for 2
minutes.
2. At each 2 minute increment, measure and record the deflection.
3. At 200% of the design load, hold for 2 minutes then measure and record the deflection.
4. Decrease the load by 1000 psi increments hold for 30 seconds then measure and record.
The HSD axial load test is a non-destructive test. It is intended that the test shaft be left in a condition
suitable for use in production. The dynamic load test shall be performed in the following manner:
HSD Axial Load Test Set Up:
1. A drop weight of approximately two percent of the anticipated test shaft capacity, as determined by
the engineer shall be used. The impacting surface of the drop weight should have an area between 70
and 130% of the test shaft top area. The shape of the ramweight should be as regular as possible
(square, round,
hexagonal, etc.)
2. A free falling drop weight device with variable drop heights (typically between 2 and 7 ft), or a single
drop height with variable weights, shall be used as determined by the engineer.
3. A top cushion shall be used, consisting of new sheets of plywood with total thickness between 2 to 6
inches or as determined by the engineer.
4. A surveyor's transit, laser light or equivalent for measurement of pile set under each impact should be
used.
5. It is the owner's/contractor's responsibility to employ and compensate a specialized dynamic testing
firmwith a minimumof five years of experience in HSD axial load testing.
HSD Axial Load Test Procedure:
1. The test shaft shall be constructed using approved installation techniques.
2. The top of the test shaft should be approximately 28 to 30 inches above grade and free of mud,
debris,concrete etc. so as to provide a smooth, clean surface for attachment of the sensors.
3. Prior to testing, the contractor shall make the shaft test area length completely accessible to the
testing engineer. The top sensor is typically attached at least one diameter or more below the socket
coupling on the shaft. The top and bottomsensors shall be installed 18-24 inches vertically apart, on
opposite sides of the pile. Sensors shall be attached by the testing engineer or at the direction of the
testing engineer to the exposed steel casing in a secure manner as to prevent slippage under impact.
Alternatively, a top transducer provided by the test engineer can contain the strain measurement, and
accelerometers are attached to the shaft approximately one foot below the top of shaft.
4. The plywood cushion shall be applied and then the strike plate to the shaft top.
5. At least two hammer impacts should be applied to the top of the shaft. First drop weight impact
should be minimal to allow the testing engineer to assess the testing equipment, the impact systemand
the stresses on the foundation. Subsequent impact(s) can then be applied by utilizing sequentially
higher drop heights or additional weights until either stresses in the foundation are excessive or the
shaft permanent set for the applied impact exceeds 0.1 inch.
6. Upon completion of the test, it is the contractor's responsibility to return the shaft to acceptable
production condition.
7. In addition to the field results, results fromat least one CAPWAP analysis or equivalent shall be
submitted by the engineer. The results shall provide:
a. Wave equation analysis results obtained prior to testing.
b. CAPWAP or equivalent analysis results.
c. For each impact the maximummeasured force, maximumcalculated tension force, transferred
energy to the sensor location, corresponding stresses, and the Case Method bearing capacity.
10.Connections and fittings:
All connections and fittings shall be provided as specified on the design plans. No variations are
permitted without the written consent of the engineer. All connections and fittings above grade shall be
either painted or powder coated to protect the steel fromcorrosion.
11.Cutting off piles
A pile section will be interlocked onto the above grade pile section and additional pile sections added
until the designed height is achieved or exceeded.In the event that a pile height exceeds the designed
height the pile shall be cut in clean, straight lines where required. Any irregularities shall be leveled off
with deposits of weld metal or by grinding before placement of the Hale Built bearing caps. Hale Built
pile bearing caps shall be field welded utilizing the four (4), 1-inch diameter, weld holes. The weld shall
be inspected by the engineer prior to any load being transmitted through the pile.
12. Defective piles
Any pile damaged in driving, driven out of proper location, or inaccurately cut off shall be corrected by
one of the following methods, as approved by the engineer:
a. The defective pile shall be pulled and replaced or re-driven, if at all possible.
b. A new pile shall be driven adjacent to the defective pile. The defective pile shall be cut so as
the top of the pile is below grade (minor excavation may be required for this method)
All piles pushed up by the driving of adjacent piles or by any other cause shall be re-driven to final
grade,without compromising the pile, if possible
Any pile shaft ruptured in the interlock or otherwise damaged during driving shall be pulled and replaced
if possible or deemed to be defective and a new pile shall be driven adjacent to it.
13. Correcting surface heave
Any excess material resulting fromdisplacement of earth during pile installation shall be removed.
Materials disturbed by pile installation shall be conditioned and compacted to a minimumdensity equal
to adjacent undisturbed material following the installation of the pile.
14. Exterior Pile Treatment
Hale Built Pressure Grouted Displacement Piles can be finished in various ways to achieve an
aesthetically pleasing look. The exterior of the pile can be enclosed with wood framed or masonry
enclosures so long as they comply with local FEMA regulations. The enclosure finishes may include but
are not limited to manufactured stone veneer, brick, stucco, EIFS, epoxy coating and/or any other wood
framed enclosures with cladding. The manufacturer installation manual/instructions of the cladding
chosen should be stringently followed to ensure a proper installation.
15. Items of Work and Construction Details
Items of work to be performed in conformance with this specification and the construction details
therefore included in the approved engineering drawings are:
Bid Item - APE Pressure Grouted Displacement Pile
(1) This itemshall consist of furnishing and installing the APE Pressure Grouted Displacement Pile as
shown on the approved drawings.
(2) The pilings and appurtenant metalwork shall meet the requirements of ASTM A328. The piling will
be installed starting fromthe centerline on the drawings and progressing away fromthe centerline.
(3) Piling shall have the requirements as specified in the engineering drawings.
(4) The Hale Built load bearing pile connection shall be installed as per the engineering drawings. The
pile cap shall be welded to the pile, ensuring a solid connection. If the interlocking portion of the top
shaft of the pile is designated to be removed, follow the procedure as outline in Section 11. Other types
of connections will require the approval of the engineer.
API Steel
Displacement
Pile Diameter
(in)
APE Displacement Pile Specifications & Load
Capacities
Thickness
(in)
Weight
(plf)
Moment
of Inertia
(in 4)
Ultimate
Axial Load
Capacity
(kip)
Ultimate
Lateral
Load
Capacity
(kip)
Design
Axial
Load
Capacity
(kip)
Design
Lateral
Load
Capacity
(kip)
4.5 0.290 14 8.54 90 22 45 11
5.5 0.415 23 21.57 100 33 50 16
7.0 0.403 29 46.07 180 40 90 20
PILE CAP TYPE "C"
SCALE: 1" =1'-0"
FAIRFIELD INDUSTRIES, INC
827 NORTH 6TH STREET, NEWARK, NJ 07107
PHONE: 973-483-0100 FAX: 973-483-5333
7" DIA. PILE
ITEM NO. QTY.
A 1
B 1
C
8" OD TUBE
3
ELONGATEDHOLE
FOR HORIZONTAL
ADJ . 4" TO 6"
GIRDER
3
4" X 3" CARRIAGE
BOLTS 4 TYP.
22" X 22" X 1/2" TOP PLATE
8" X 6" X 1/2" ANGLE
WITH 1" HOLES FOR PLUG WELD
1" HOLES FOR
PLUG WELDS
1" HOLES FOR
3
4" LAG BOLT 4 TYP.
PILE CAP TYPE "B"
SCALE: 1" =1'-0"
ELONGATEDHOLE
FOR HORIZONTAL
ADJ . 4" TO 6"
GIRDER
3
4" X 3" CARRIAGE
BOLTS 4 TYP.
1" HOLES FOR
PLUG WELDS
1" HOLES FOR
3
4" LAG BOLT 5 TYP.
ITEM NO. QTY.
A 1
B 1
C
8" OD TUBE
3
22" X 22" X 1/2" TOP PLATE
8" X 6" X 1/2" ANGLE
WITH 1" HOLES FOR PLUG WELD
PILE CAP TYPE "A"
SCALE: 1" =1'-0"
ELONGATEDHOLE
FOR HORIZONTAL
ADJ . 4" TO 6"
GIRDER
3
4" X 3" CARRIAGE
BOLTS 4 TYP.
1" HOLES FOR
PLUG WELDS
1" HOLES FOR
3
4" LAG BOLT 4 TYP.
IT
ITEM NO. QTY.
A 1
18" X 18" X 1/2" TOP PLATE B 1
C
8" OD TUBE
8" X 6" X 1/2" ANGLE 2
WITH 1" HOLES FOR PLUG WELD
PILE CAP MANUFACTURER:
API =American PetroleumInstitute Spec Q1 Registered/ISO &TS 29001 Registered
in =Inches
plf = Pounds per linear foot
ITEM NO. QTY.
A 1
18" X 18" X 1/2" TOP PLATE B 1
C
5" OD TUBE
8" X 6" X 1/2" ANGLE 2
WITH 1" HOLES FOR PLUG WELD
4.5" DIA. PILE
7" DIA. PILE
ITEM NO. QTY.
A 1
B 1
C
5" OD TUBE
3
22" X 22" X 1/2" TOP PLATE
8" X 6" X 1/2" ANGLE
WITH 1" HOLES FOR PLUG WELD
4.5" DIA. PILE
ITEM NO. QTY.
A 1
B 1
C
5" OD TUBE
3
22" X 22" X 1/2" TOP PLATE
8" X 6" X 1/2" ANGLE
WITH 1" HOLES FOR PLUG WELD
7" DIA. PILE
4.5" DIA. PILE
EM NO. QTY.
A 1
18" X 18" X 1/2" TOP PLATE B 1
C
6" OD TUBE
8" X 6" X 1/2" ANGLE 2
WITH 1" HOLES FOR PLUG WELD
5.5" DIA. PILE
ITEM NO.
A 1
B 1
C
6" OD TUBE
3
22" X 22" X 1/2" TOP PLATE
8" X 6" X 1/2" ANGLE
WITH 1" HOLES FOR PLUG WELD
5.5" DIA. PILE
ITEM NO. QTY.
A 1
B 1
C
6" OD TUBE
3
22" X 22" X 1/2" TOP PLATE
8" X 6" X 1/2" ANGLE
WITH 1" HOLES FOR PLUG WELD
5.5" DIA. PILE
FULLY WELDED
ASSEMBLY
www.halebuilthouseraising.com
821 Mantoloking Rd. Brick, NJ 08723
732-202-6207
HBPC.A(7)
HBPC.A(5.5)
HBPC.A(4.5)
HBPC.B(7)
HBPC.B(5.5)
HBPC.B(4.5)
HBPC.C(4.5)
HBPC.C(5.5)
HBPC.C(7)
HBPC.A(7)
HBPC.A(7)
HBPC.A(5.5)
HBPC.A(5.5)
HBPC.A(4.5)
HBPC.A(4.5)
HBPC.B(7)
HBPC.B(7)
HBPC.B(5.5)
HBPC.B(5.5)
HBPC.B(4.5)
HBPC.B(4.5)
HBPC.C(7)
HBPC.C(7)
HBPC.C(5.5)
HBPC.C(5.5)
HBPC.C(4.5)
HBPC.C(4.5)
NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER
The information contained on this specification sheet prepared by FWH Associates, P.A. and Hale Built,
has been prepared solely for informational purposes to assist licensed architects and professional
engineers in specifying this product. The professional shall not rely upon this specification without
verifying its accuracy and applicability pertaining to the proposed project.
The right to change these specifications without notice is reserved.
Date of Publication: November 2013