THIRD SEMESTER NAME OF THE PAPER : ANGIOSPERMS (MORPHOLOGY, TAXONOMY,ANATOMY,EMBRYOLOGY AND UTILIZATION OFPLANTS) PAPER NO.

I UNIT I The shoot system- The stem, leaf and root forms, functions and modifications. The inflorescence types, bracts and bracteoles,the flower parts, flower as modified shoot, thalamus, insertion of floral appendages, calyx, corolla, perianth, aestivation, androecium, gynoecium, placentation, floral formula, floral diagram. Pollination contrivances for cross pollination and self pollination. The seed and fruits types of germinations (hypogeal and epigeal germination) and different type of fruits. UNIT II Angiosperms Introduction and fundamental components. Botanical nomenclature, Principles and rules, taxonomic ranks, type concept.Classification of angiosperms, salient features of the systems proposed by Linnaeus, Bentham and Hooker, Engler and Prantl, Hutchinson, Cronquist and Takhtajan (concept of Dahlgreen and APG system in brief). Diversity of flowering plants as:Ranunculaceae, Nympheaceae, Brassicaceae, Papaveraceae, Malvaceae, Rutaceae, Fabaceae, Caesalpiniaceace, Mimosaceae, Apiaceae, Acanthaceae, Apocynaceae, Solanaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Convolvulaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Asteraceae, Liliaceae, Poaceae, Rubiaceae UNIT III Study of different kinds of meristematic and permanent tissue simple, complex and special types including secretory tissue. Meristems kinds and distribution of meristems. Study of tissue sysstems epidermal, ground and vascular systems. Anatomy of stems, leaves and roots dicots and monocots. Secondary growth and its anomaly (dicot and monocot stems and roots). UNIT IV Sporogenesis and the gametophytes-Microsporogenesis, development of the male gametophyte, megasporogenesis and development of female gametophyte (types of embryo sac development).

Fertilization and embryology Fertilization, development of the embryo endosperms and post fertilization changes etc. Apomixis and polyembryony, life- cycle of Angiosperms. Economic Botany of timber, fibre, oil, sugar and medicinal plants, spices and condiments (in brief) Botanical gardens and herbaria

SUGGESTED READINGS Pandey S.N and Misra S.P. 2008. Taxonomy of Angiosperms . Anes Book, India. Pandey B.P. Taxonomy of Angiosperms (6th ed)S. Chand and company Ltd. Ram Nager, New Delhi Mukherjee S.K 1990. College Botany Vol III (2nd ed) New Central Book Agency, Calcutta. Tayal M. S. - Plant Anatomy Bhojwani and Bhatnagar-Embryology of Plants Maheshwari P. Embryology of Plants Ganguli Das and Dutta College Botany Vol I New Central Book Agency, Kolkata Sen S Economic Botany New Central Book Agency

NAME OF THE PAPER : PRACTICAL PAPER PAPER NO. II The practical paper will be based on paper I of third semester