Preventive and Social Medicine Question Bank

(Based on prev year uni, 6th & 7th sem papers; not 3rd & 4th sem papers) Key: 1st number indicates freq in unis, 2nd number indicates freq in sess., underlined q are long q

1. Concept of health and disease 1. PQLI: signif, components (3,3) 2. Hdi vs pqli (0,1) 3. Dimensions (1,0) 4. Determinants (0,2) 5. Rehab: d76 efn, types (1,1) 6. Iceberg phenomenon: relevance (3,2) 7. Mortality indicators: describe 1 (1) 8. Morbidity indicators (1,0) 9. Disability indicators (1,0) 10. Criteria for causality (0,2) 11. Health indicators (1,0) 12. Modes of intervention (3,1) 13. HDI: method of calc (5,3) 14. Community dx (2,0) 15. Multifactorial disease etiology (2,1) 16. Primordial prevention (2,1) 17. Migration studies (1,0) 18. Influence of lifestyle practices on health, explain (1,0) 19. Standardized death rate (1,0) 20. Cultural factors health (0,1) 21. DALY (1,0) 22. Surveillance: defn (1,1) 23. Monitoring and surveillance: diff (1,1) 2. Principles of epidemiology and epidemiologic methods a. Principles 1. Incidence: defn (1,2) 2. Prevalence: defn (1,2) 3. Inference from incidence and prevalence (0,1) 4. Epidem: defn (3,4) 5. Epidem approach (2,0) b. Methods 1. Uses of epidem (2,6) 2. Chemoprophylaxis (0,1)
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3. Triple vaccine (0,1) 4. Association: defn, types, when causal (0,2) 5. Natural history of a disease (0,2) 6. Epidem triad (2,0) 7. Hosp data: uses drawbacks (1,0) 8. Carriers: defn, types esp based on duration (1,2) 9. Incubation period: defn, epidem (2,3) 10. Types of reservoirs (1,0) 11. Serial interval: epidem imp (1,0) 12. Active and passive immunity: diff (1,0) 13. Passive imm agents (0,1) 14. Isolation: defn, types (1,0) 15. Control: defn (1,1) 16. Steps in p&c (0,1) 17. Elimination: defn (1,0) 18. Eradication: defn (1,0) 19. Zoonoses: defn (1,3) 20. Nosocomial infection: defn, p (1,1) 21. Opportunistic infection: defn (1,0) 22. Secondary attack rate: signif (2,1) 23. Notification of diseases (1,1) 24. Epidemic: defn, need for, steps of investigation (7,4) 25. Endemic: defn (1,0) 26. Pandemic: defn (1,0) 27. Vector: defn, types (0,3) 28. Classify epidem studies (7,7) 24. Descr epidem: principles, uses, time place person distribution of diseases with eg, measurement comparison with known indices formulation of hypothesis (5,3) 29. Randomization: steps of rct, prev of measurement bias, types, adv, applications (9,6) 30. Case control study: steps, bias, advantages, disadvantages, odds ratio (6,11) 31. Cohort control study: elements, advantages, disadvantages (3,1) 32. Relative and attributable risk (1,0) 33. Diff btwn case control and cohort (2,1) 34. Herd immunity, how is it maintained (4,3) 35. Secular trend of disease (1,0) 36. Modes/Dynamics of transmission of comm diseases, p&c, mechanical and biological transmission esp vectors, arthropods (17,3) 37. Interrupting transmission (1,0) 38. Principles of comm disease: prevention and control esp vector borne (5) 39. Vaccination and immunization diff (1,0) 40. Non randomized trials (0,1)
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41. Hazards of immunization (1,0) 42. Cold chain: defn, factors for eff func, vaccine potency in phc (4,2) 43. Quarantine and isolation differences (3,1) 44. National imm schedule (1,0) 45. Prevention levels of a disease, primary (2,3) 46. Population-attrib risk (0,1) 47. Vvm (0,2) 48. Any epidem: steps, merits, demerits 3. Screening 1. Definition (2,2) 2. Types of screening, desc one (3,3) 3. Uses of screening test (2,4) 4. Selection criteria (7,6) 5. Method for assessing validity (3) 6. Screening and diagnostic diff (2,2) 7. Reliability (2,1) 8. Sensitivity and specificity (2,1) 9. Lead time (1,3) 10. At risk grps: criteria (0,1) 11. Relevance of screening test (1,0) 4. Communicable diseases 1. Respiratory a. ARI: epidem, etiology, complications, mgmt. at grass root, p&c, health educ to mothers, how it inc imr (6,10) b. Measles: outbrk p&c measures, complications, immunization (2,9) c. TB: prevalence, prophyl, symp, dx, dots-comp, cure rate, ntcp failure, rntcp-obj, strat, epidem indices, case finding tools, chemo, bcg (9,24) d. SARS (1,0) e. Mumps complic (0,1) f. Small pox eradic (0,2) g. Diif bw small chicken (0,2) h. Pertussis vaccine (0,2) i. Antigenic shift drift (0,2) 2. Intestinal a. Polio: magnitude, epidem, epidem basis+strategies for eradication, ppi-opv, provocative, afp surveillance, steps to be taken for afp (8,16) b. Cholera: epidem, lab dx p&c, carriers, vaccine, invest outbrk (2,6) c. Typhoid: epidem, mot, control, chronic carrier-id treat, control of reservoir, investigate, role in educating (1,8) d. ADD: epidem, control, national prog, ORT esp in rural areas, role of ab, etio, mgmt, education of mothers prevention esp in under fives, control prog (8,6)
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e. Hookworm infection: mgmt, p&c (1,4) f. Soil transmitted helminthes: prevention (2) g. Hep a outbrk investing (0,2) h. Enumerate types, sero markers, hep b p&c perinatal esp imm vaccine (4,11) i. Food poisoning, diff from cholera (0,3) 3. Arthropod-borne a. Filaria: survey, endemicity, epidem, detect treat mf carriers, vector control, strategy for control, occult (5,9) 4. Zoonoses a. Rabies: cell culture vaccines over nervous, in dogs, intradermal regimen, control of urban, pep, dog bite mgmt, exposure status, indic for treatment (8,12) b. Chikungunya: epidem, p&c (2,2) c. Dengue: epidem, dx of dhf (0,5) d. KFD: epidem, control, investig (3,6) e. Arboviral diseases: enumerate, classify (1,1) f. Leptospirosis: epidem, control (0,1) g. JE: epidem, p&c (1,5) h. Meningococcal meningitis p&c (0,1) i. Congenital rubella syndrome (0,4) j. Yellow fever: int health regulations, control, 17d vaccine (2,2) k. Rickettsial diseases: classify agents vectors, scrub typhus l. Malaria: types indices for measurement, resurgence, radical treatment for vivax and falciparum, prop for travel to endemic, active surveillance, curative treatment over mass prop, p&c, chemoprop, surveillance (6,22) m. Plague: resurgence, factors, commonest vector, blocked flea, transmission, cf, p&m, bubonic (4,5) 5. Surface a. Leprosy: mdt, case finding methods, lepra reaction, health education, lepromin test, rehab, clinic dx, phc treat, mdt prob (5,9) b. HIV: indian global scenario, window period with signif, modes of transmission, c/f, lab dx, sentinel surveillance, mother to child+prevention, control, pep, univ work precautions, dx cf treatment of tb with hiv (7,8) c. Neonatal tetanus, other types, p in rural: etio, p (4,9) d. STD: early detection methods, syndromic mgmt. (1,5) 6. Emerging and re-emerging (2,1) 7. Hospital-acquired infections: p&c 5. Non-communicable diseases 1. Risk factors (0,1) 2. Type ii dm: epidem, secondary, tertiary prevention (1,3) 3. CVD: role of nutritional factors, health promotion methods, prevention (2,2) 4. Cancer: registry-types, adv of population based registry (4,1)
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5. Hypertension: rule of halves, modifiable risk factors (4,3) 6. Obesity: criteria for assessment, hazards (2,3) 7. Cancers; primary prevention (1,0) 8. Lung cancer: primary prevention (1,1) 9. Oral cancer: risk factors, control measures, epidem (2,1) 10. Cancer education (1,1) 11. Breast cancer: early detection, screening, risk factors (2,1) 12. Cervical cancer: risk factors, screening, p&c (3,1) 13. CHD: risk factors, p (5,0) 14. Rheumatic fever: secondary prevention,c/f (2,1) 15. RTA: p&c (1,1) 16. Primary eye care (0,2) 17. Blindness: defn (0,1) 18. Cancer danger signals (1,0) 6. Health programmes in india 1. RCH Programme- components, interventions esp child survival safe motherhood, new initiatives (4,8) 2. NRHM (1,0) 3. ASHA (1,2) 4. List of contraceptives in family welfare prog (0,1) 5. Vision 2020; diseases, strategies (1,2) 6. National tb prog: strategies, components, district tb centre (2) 7. HIV prevention control prog in district hosp 8. Leprosy control programme: steps, role of survey, edu treat centre and lcu, modif lep elim campaign (1,3) 9. National guinea worm eradication prog (1,0) 10. Filariasis programme: mda (2,1) 11. National cancer control programme (1) 12. NAMP: surveillance, note (0,2) 13. NVBDCP: vector control measures (0,3) 7. Demography and family planning 1. Fertility: Social, bio and cultural factors, determinants, related statistics, factors for high fert in india, npr nrr+signif (8,4) 2. Eligible couple, contra methods (1) 3. Conventional contraceptives: defn (1,1) 4. Condom: advantages, disadvantages (1,0) 5. IUD: adv, disadv esp Cu-T+advice adv disadv, second gen adv disadv(2,5) 6. Disadv of combined pill over iud (1,0) 7. Enumerate hormonal contraceptives (1,0) 8. OCP: moa, adv effects, benefits (1,2) 9. Menstrual regulation (0,1)
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10. Contraceptive for spacing (0,1) 11. Contraception for woman that just delivered second girl child sterili, iud (0,1) 12. Post coital contraception: methods, indications (0,1) 13. Food fortification: role in pub hc (2,0) 14. Couple protection rate- adv, signif (3,2) 15. Intra-hemi contraceptive device (1,0) 16. Barrier; adv, disadv (0,1) 17. Abortion: defn (2,0) 18. Ideal contraceptive (1,0) 19. Cafeteria approach (1,0) 20. MTP Act: condns for termination, reasons for enforcing (4,4) 21. Male sterilization: causes of failure, post-op advice, complications, no scalpel vasectomy (1,2) 22. Adverse sex ratio in india: extent, significance (1,2) 23. Nat social demographic goals (5,3) 24. Measures to reduce birth rate (2,0) 25. Societal dependency ratio (1,0) 26. Demographic cycle: stages (7,7) 27. Pearl index (1,0) 28. Family planning: need, temp methods, hiv positive (3,1) 29. Population explosion (2,0) 30. Check population expansion (2,0) 31. Age pyramids: signif (1,2) 32. Role of literacy and life expectancy on growth rate (1,0) 8. Preventive medicine in obstetrics, paediatrics, geriatrics 1. Risk approach: signif (3,3) 2. Domiciliary care: defn (1,0) 3. Essential newborn care: comp (0,6) 4. Growth card; monitoring in under fives (3,0) 5. ICDS: obj, benef, services (4,2) 6. Perinatal mortality rate: defn, causes, reduce methods (2,4) 7. Anganwadi worker: resp (1,1) 8. Steps anm would take for primigravida at centre (1,0) 9. IMR: defn, causes, factors, steps to reduce (4,1) 10. MMR: defn, maternal death, present rate, causes, determinants, p&c, soc measures (10,9) 11. Growth chart-describe, uses (2,0) 12. Breast feeding: advantages ;exclusive breast feeding for 6 months: guidelines, justification (4,1) 13. Antenatal care: defn, objectives, strategies, services (3,2) 14. Prenatal advice (1,0)
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15. First referral unit (1,4) 16. At risk infants: enumerate (0,1) 17. Under 5 clinic: obj, components, explain with diag (3,2) 18. LBW: defn, proportion, causes, p&c measures (5,4) 19. Baby friendly hosp initiative (2,2) 20. Elderly health problems, control, prev, implic (5,7) 21. School health programme: services (3,0) 22. Child guidance clinic (3,2) 23. High risk anc, pregnancies, mothers eg (5,0) 24. Causes of post neonatal mortality (1,0) 25. Neonatal mortality: defn, causes, reduce (0,1) 26. MCH indicators (1,1) 27. Juvenile delinquency: defn, causes, preventive measures (1,4) 28. Enumerate primary preventive methods in child care (1,0) 29. Role of traditional birth attendant (1,0) 30. Preventive services for anm (1,0) 31. Social obstetrics (1,0) 32. Preventive obstetrics (1,0) 33. Improving survival of underfives methods (1,0) 34. CSSM prog; obj, services, implementatn (2,0) 35. Danger signals labour (0,1) 36. Anc advice (0,2) 37. Nutritional anthropometry (1,0) 38. Enumerate national nutritional prog, prog for antenatal women and children (4,0) 39. Under fives nutr prog, method to assess, improve (3,1) 40. Principles for midday meals (1,0) 41. Integ mgmt. of neonatal and child illnesses (0,1) 9. Nutrition and health 1. IDD: Enumerate, objectives, components, strategies, evaluation of programme (1,7) 2. Proximate principles of food (1,1) 3. Enumerate nutr disorders (1,0) 4. Balanced diet: defn, for pregnant women, goals of prudent diet, parameters, methods to improve nutr in preg women (2,2) 5. Proteins: mutual supplementary action, daily, when increase (1,4) 6. Food toxicants (1,0) 7. Epidemic dropsy: etio, c/f, prevention (1,0) 8. Storage fungus: preventive measures (1,0) 9. IAP classification of malnutrition (1,0) 10. Method to assess nutr status in individual (2,0) 11. Methods to assess nutr status in community: nut stat indic, (9,4) 12. Ecology of malnutrition (3,0)
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13. Pasteurization : defn, methods, htst priniciple, check efficiency, tests (4,2) 14. Anemia: causes, effects in preg infancy, conseq, sources of fe, fe status indicators, control of anemia+in preg, management, p&c (10,2) 15. Vit a def: etio, manif esp ocular, c/f, prevention (3,2) 16. PUFA: sources, signif (1,0) 17. PEM: epidem, etio, eco factors, detection, p&c, features disting kwash marasmus (7,6) 18. Factors det growth and dev of child (1,0) 19. Methods of diet survey, obj (2,1) 20. Anthropometric measurements for nutr status in under-5 (1,0) 21. Endemic fluorosis: etio, c/f p&c (3,2) 22. Trace elements, cf, prevention (2,0) 23. Enumerate nutr disorders, problems in public health (3,0) 24. Enumerate milk borne diseases (2,0) 25. Avoidable blindness: causes, prevention, xerophthalmia (3,4) 26. Lathyrism: p&c (1,0) 27. Botulism: p&c (1,1) 28. Fat: rda, adv eff (1,0) 29. Food standards (0,1) 10. Medicine and social science 1. Role of family in health and disease (4,0) 2. Behavioural science (1,0) 3. Acculturation (1,0) 4. Factors in social class diff (1,0) 5. Doctor patient relationship (1,1) 6. Personal hygience: cultural factors (0,1) 7. Social class/factors and health (1,2) 11. Environment and health 1. Air pollution: monitoring, indicators, hazards, p&c methods (3,1) 2. Drinking water surveillance: bacteriological quality, orthotoluidine test, brkpt chlorination (5,2) 3. Sanitation barrier; signif (4,0) 4. Sanitary well (2,0) 5. Steps to check transmission of water borne diseases (1,0) 6. Noise exposure effects, control (2,1) 7. Global warming: reasons, conseq (2,1) 8. Integrated vector control esp in malaria (2,5) 9. Heat stress indices (1,1) 10. Annual parasite incidence and signif (1,0) 11. Residual insecticides (1,0) 12. Refuse disposal (1,0) 13. Composting: defn, Bangalore method (2,0)
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14. Potable water: defn (2,0) 15. Water purification: domestic level, small scale (2,2) 16. Oxidation pond: principles (2,2) 17. Radiation: sources, hazards (1,1) 18. Ozone (1,0) 12. Hospital waste management 1. Disinfect sputum of tb pt (1,0) 2. Disinfection methods (1,0) 13. Disaster management 1. Disaster mitigation (0,2) 14. Occupational health 1. Pneumoconiosis: types, assoc occupations, p&c (3,3) 2. Medical, engg methods of prevention (5,1) 3. Agri workers occ hazards (2,0) 4. Occupational cancers: list, describe (2,2) 5. Lead poisoning: etio, c/f, p&c (3,4) 6. Ergonomics: application (1,0) 7. Occ diseases with occ (1,2) 8. ESI: social security, employee benefits, maternity benefits (2,4) 9. IFA: benefits, sickness absenteeism- causes p (1,2) 10. Pre placement periodic exam of workers (1,0) 11. Bio carcinogens (0,1) 15. Genetics and health 1. Genetic counselling (1,0) 2. Gene therapy (1,0) 3. Hardy Weinberg law (0,1) 4. Chromosomal abn, downs syndrome c/f p (1,4) 16. Mental health 1. Warning signals of poor mental health (1,0) 17. Health information 1. Sources, discuss one (7,5) 2. Census: use (5,1) 3. Vital events registration (2,1) 4. Statistical avg (3,0) 5. Normal distrib curve (3,1) 6. Measures of central tendency: uses (1,1) 7. Standard normal curve (1,2) 8. Inter-quartile range (1,0) 9. Sampling errors (1,0) 10. Methods of dispersion (2,3) 11. Standard deviation: merits, demerits, use (3,2)
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12. Health info system: defn, enumerate, uses (1,3) 13. Vital statistics: defn (1,0) 14. Registration system (0,1) 15. Sample reg system (0,5) 16. Data presentation methods (0,1) 18. Communication for health education 1. Education method for general public about smoking (1,0) 2. Education method for small grp of ppl on health (1,3) 3. Health education/comm methods (6,2) 4. Diff bw health edu and propaganda (3,3) 5. Barriers to health education (0,1) 6. Principles of health education esp for adolescents (4,3) 7. Role of mass media (1,0) 8. Motivation model (0,1) 9. Comm barriers (5,2) 10. Audio-visual aids (1,3) 11. Stat data presentation methods (1,1) 12. Role of physician (0,1) 13. Functions (0,1) 19. Health planning and management 20. Healthcare of the community 1. PHC: Defn, func, principles, role of medical officer, diff with comprehensive hc, approp tech (15,13) 2. HWF: func (3,2) 3. HWM: func (1,0) 4. 3 tier healthcare delivery in rural india (1,0) 5. Types, job desc of grass root level health workers (2,0) 6. Diff bw health centre and hosp (1,0) 7. Village health guide: selection, job desc (1,1) 8. Village health func, desc one (0,1) 9. Health reltd mdg indicators (0,1) 10. Health for all (1,0) 21. International health 1. Enumerate diff agencies (1,0) 2. World health day theme 2009, 2004, 1998 (3,1) 3. UNICEF: role in child health, role in mch, services (6,1) 4. SEARO (1,0) 5. WHO: func, resp (4,5) 6. WHO slogan 2005, imp (0,1) 7. Red cross: role (1,0) 8. ILO (1,0)
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9. UNDP (0,1) 22. Misc 1. Types, Conditions affecting learning (0,3) 2. Overcrowding (0,1) 3. Iec for filariasis (0,2) 4. Classif of dehyd, ors, home available fluids, mgmt, severe dehyd c/f (0,5) 5. Disease through oro fecal route: epidem, p&c (0,2) typhoid, cholera 6. Is isolation successful in controlling spread of hep a? 7. If a child attends ppi, is it necessary to continue his routine immunization against polio? Community health therefore necessary 8. geo var in disease occurrence can yield a clue to its cause 9. admin setup func of SET centre 10. do nut stat indic desc indic of other dimensions of health concepts

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