Chapter#3 Short Question Answers

3.5 It is dangerous to travel on the roof of a bus because when the driver applies the brakes, the passengers on the roof may fall due to inertia. 3.6 When the bus takes a sharp turn, passengers fall in the outward direction. It is due to inertia that they want to continue their motion in a straight line and thus fall outwards. 3.8 If the forces of 100N is applied on both ends of a rope than tension in a rope will be added without considering there direction. Tension will be 200N (only magnitude is considered). 3.9 Action and reaction are always equal and opposite but body moves because action and reaction are applied on two different bodies. For example, if I threw a ball forward as action than my body moves backward as a reaction. 3.10 According to the Newtons first law if the net force (the vector sum of all forces acting on an object) is zero, then the velocity of the object is constant or equal to zero. The cart is moving with the constant velocity or does not move. 3.12 Because it is applicable universally not only for smaller bodies like electrons and protons but also for large bodies like planets and stars. Law of conversation of momentum is an important law and has vast applications. 3.13 Consider a system of gun and a bullet. Before firing the gun, both the gun and bullet are at rest, so the total momentum of the system is zero. As the gun is fired, bullet shoots out of the gun and acquires momentum. To conserve momentum of the system, the gun recoils. 3.14 (i) Friction is needed to walk on the ground. (ii) It is risky to run on wet floor with shoes that have smooth soles (iii) Friction is required by birds to fly in the sky (iv) Athletes use special shoes that have extraordinary ground grip. Such shoes prevent them from slipping while running fast. 3.15 Because liquid friction is less than solids. No surface is completely smooth oiling the surface the pits and bumps are filled with oil and so friction is reduced. Also surfaces become slippery due to oiling. So friction is reduced. 3.17 The rolling friction is less than sliding friction because the contact between wheel and surface is only at one point and there is no relative motion between wheel and surface. 3.19 If all the suddenly disappear than bodies cant move and cant be turned and even not change its state 3.20 The spinner of a washing machine moves with a very high speed to provide required centrifugal force. Due to which undesired particles can be easily removed from clothes.

Chapter#3 Short Question Answers

3.5 It is dangerous to travel on the roof of a bus because when the driver applies the brakes, the passengers on the roof may fall due to inertia. 3.6 When the bus takes a sharp turn, passengers fall in the outward direction. It is due to inertia that they want to continue their motion in a straight line and thus fall outwards. 3.8 If the forces of 100N is applied on both ends of a rope than tension in a rope will be added without considering there direction. Tension will be 200N (only magnitude is considered). 3.9 Action and reaction are always equal and opposite but body moves because action and reaction are applied on two different bodies. For example, if I threw a ball forward as action than my body moves backward as a reaction. 3.10 According to the Newtons first law if the net force (the vector sum of all forces acting on an object) is zero, then the velocity of the object is constant or equal to zero. The cart is moving with the constant velocity or does not move. 3.12 Because it is applicable universally not only for smaller bodies like electrons and protons but also for large bodies like planets and stars. Law of conversation of momentum is an important law and has vast applications. 3.13 Consider a system of gun and a bullet. Before firing the gun, both the gun and bullet are at rest, so the total momentum of the system is zero. As the gun is fired, bullet shoots out of the gun and acquires momentum. To conserve momentum of the system, the gun recoils. 3.14 (i) Friction is needed to walk on the ground. (ii) It is risky to run on wet floor with shoes that have smooth soles (iii) Friction is required by birds to fly in the sky (iv) Athletes use special shoes that have extraordinary ground grip. Such shoes prevent them from slipping while running fast. 3.15 Because liquid friction is less than solids. No surface is completely smooth oiling the surface the pits and bumps are filled with oil and so friction is reduced. Also surfaces become slippery due to oiling. So friction is reduced. 3.17 The rolling friction is less than sliding friction because the contact between wheel and surface is only at one point and there is no relative motion between wheel and surface. 3.19 If all the suddenly disappear than bodies cant move and cant be turned and even not change its state 3.20 The spinner of a washing machine moves with a very high speed to provide required centrifugal force. Due to which undesired particles can be easily removed from clothes.