ASEAN REGIONAL CONFERENCE ON FOOD SECURITY 8-10 October 2013 - Penang, Malaysia

CURRENT STATUS OF FOOD SECURITY IN VIETNAM

by NGUYEN THI THANH HUONG

CENTRE FOR INFORMATICS AND STATISTICS (CIS) MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT (MARD)

I. NATIONAL STATISSTICS AND GENERAL INFORMATION Country profile: As 1st January 2013

The total area: 33,194,000 ha , of which: - Agriculture land: 9,345,346 ha, accounting for 28.38% - Forestry land: 15,346,100 ha, 43.6% - Specially used land: 1,795,600 ha; 4.2% - Homestead land: 680.400 ha; 1.8%

I. NATIONAL STATISSTICS AND GENERAL INFORMATION (cont.)

Population: 85,8 million person ; - Urban: 22.8 mill. pers, 29.6% ; - Rural: 61.3 mill pers, 70.4% Population density: 254 person/km2.

I. NATIONAL STATISSTICS AND GENERAL INFORMATION (cont.)

Structure of gross output of Agriculture and Rural Development (%)

+ Agriculture + Forestry + Fishery

2006 70.0 3.6 26.4

2012 75.6 2.8 21.6

II. CURRENT STATUS OF FOOD SECURITY IN VIETNAM

Grain production in Vietnam increased continuously from 39.6 million tons in 2005 to 44.5 million tons in 2010, and 48.5 million tons in 2012; Rice is one of the main agriculture products in Vietnam: Rice cultivation area in 2005 is 7.3 million ha, up to 7.5 million ha in 2010 and 7.8 million ha in 2012;

II. CURRENT STATUS OF FOOD SECURITY IN VIETNAM (cont.)

Production of Rice in 2005 is 35.8 million tons increasing to 40 million tons in 2010 and 43.7 million tons in 2012; Therefore, despite increasing population, food production per capita has increased from 481 kg in 2005 to 513 kg in 2010 and 520 kg in 2012.

II. CURRENT STATUS OF FOOD SECURITY IN VIETNAM (cont.)

Year Rice Cultivation (million ha) Production of Rice (million tons) Export of Rice (million tons)

2005
2010 2012

7.3
7.5 7.8

35.8
40 43.7

5.25
6.88 7.11

II. CURRENT STATUS OF FOOD SECURITY IN

VIETNAM (cont.)
Production of Cereals
60.0 50.0

Million ton

40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Year

Cereals Paddy Maize

I. NATIONAL STATISSTICS AND GENERAL INFORMATION (cont.)

Production of Cereal and Exports of Rice

Year 2005

Production of Paddy cereals (Mill. (Mill. Ton) Ton)

39.6 35.8

Maize (Mill. Ton) 3.8

Export of Rice (Mill. Ton) 5.25

2006
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

39.5
40.2 43.3 43.3 44.6 45.7 48.5

35.8
35.9 38.7 38.9 40.0 42.3 43.7

3.9
4.3 4.6 4.4 4.6 4.7 4.8

4.64
4.58 4.74 5.96 6.88 7.05 7.11

II. CURRENT STATUS OF FOOD SECURITY IN VIETNAM (cont.)

Food production per capita has increased from 481 kg in 2005 to 513 kg in 2010 and 520 kg in 2012.
Export of rice in 2005: 5.25 million tons, up to 6.88 million tons in 2010 and 7.11 million tons in 2012.

II. CURRENT STATUS OF FOOD SECURITY IN VIETNAM (cont.)

Exports of Rice
8.00 7.00
Million ton

6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Year

II. CURRENT STATUS OF FOOD SECURITY IN VIETNAM (cont.)

Corn planted area in 2005 is 1.01 million ha, up to 1.12 million ha in 2010 and 1.12 million ha in 2012; Production of Corn in 2005 is 3.7 million tons increasing to 4.6 million tons in 2010 and 4.8 million tons in 2012.

II. CURRENT STATUS OF FOOD SECURITY IN VIETNAM (cont.)

Production of corn (million tons) 3.7

Year 2005

Corn planted area (ha) 1.01

2010
2012

1.12
1.12

4.6
4.8

II. CURRENT STATUS OF FOOD SECURITY IN VIETNAM (cont.)

Although food production in Vietnam has increased continuously in recent years, rice consumption per capita has been falling. In 2006 food consumption per capita was 136.8 kg, down to 116.4 kg in 2010. Vietnam rice export has increasingly asserted its position in the global market. Currently, Vietnam is the second largest rice exporter after Thailand. In 2005, Vietnam exported 5.25 million tons, and 6.88 million tons in 2010 and 7.11 million tons in 2012.

III. CONCLUSIONS Food production in Vietnam has achieved a great success in recent years. However, food security is still limited; especially access to food is still limited and unequal. Due to the limited ability to access to food of the households in practice today, about 11.76% households in Vietnam are still poor and over 20% of children under 5 year old are malnourished.

III. CONCLUSIONS The average consumption of food is still low compared with other countries the world. There is about a small part of population with low food consumption of less than 2100 kcal per day, uncertainty and disparities between regions, between urban and rural areas.

Thank you very much for your attention