Modificat Nves - Vid - Nitrate - DFXP

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<p begin="00:00:04.700" end="00:00:10.567"
NARRATOR: From or
bit, the whole Earth buzzes with electricity.
<p begin="00:00:10.567" end="00:00:15.967"
Astronauts are of
ten amazed by the intensity
<p begin="00:00:15.967" end="00:00:19.000"
of the electrical
storms raging far beneath them.
<p begin="00:00:19.000" end="00:00:23.367"
PIERS SELLERS: Yo
u can see a thousand miles' worth
<p begin="00:00:23.367" end="00:00:27.067"
of lightning flas
hes left and right
<p begin="00:00:27.067" end="00:00:29.833"
as you're looking
down.
<p begin="00:00:29.833" end="00:00:32.367"
And they seem to
set each other off like fireworks,
<p begin="00:00:32.367" end="00:00:33.500"
"Bang bang bang.
"
<p begin="00:00:33.500" end="00:00:38.100"
It's really quite
amazing.
<p begin="00:00:38.100" end="00:00:41.400"
NARRATOR: But to
understand lightning's global impact,
<p begin="00:00:41.400" end="00:00:43.300"
we need more than
just observation.
<p begin="00:00:50.733" end="00:00:54.067"
NASA's TRMM satel
lite carries a high-speed camera
<p begin="00:00:54.067" end="00:00:57.767"
that can detect i
ndividual lightning bolts.
<p begin="00:01:01.600" end="00:01:05.500"
From this informa
tion, it's possible to build a picture
<p begin="00:01:05.500" end="00:01:11.933"
showing the distr
ibution of lightning all across the globe.
<p begin="00:01:17.633" end="00:01:22.833"
Astonishingly, 40
strikes occur every second.
<p begin="00:01:26.233" end="00:01:30.633"
That's more than
three million strikes a day.
<p begin="00:01:30.633" end="00:01:36.333"
So how is all thi
s lightning created, and what is the effect
<p begin="00:01:36.333" end="00:01:40.400"
of all this energ
y streaking through the Earth's atmosphere?
<p begin="00:01:46.167" end="00:01:49.400"
Each day, the com
bined force of sunlight and water vapor
<p begin="00:01:49.400" end="00:01:53.433"
creates 40,000 th
underclouds.
<p begin="00:01:53.433" end="00:01:58.300"
The rising column
s of moist air generate powerful updrafts
<p begin="00:01:58.300" end="00:02:04.900"
that turn water v
apor into ice particles inside the clouds.
<p begin="00:02:04.900" end="00:02:10.167"
As ice and water
droplets smash into each other at great speed,
<p begin="00:02:10.167"
tatic electricity build up.
<p begin="00:02:21.567"
rcloud contains enough energy
<p begin="00:02:24.967"
he size of Denver for ten hours.
<p begin="00:02:30.967"
harge builds
<p begin="00:02:34.600"
air molecules are torn apart,
<p begin="00:02:38.533"
olt is born.
<p begin="00:02:47.800"
ker than a human thumb,
<p begin="00:02:51.033"
es the temperature
<p begin="00:02:53.500"
the Sun.
<p begin="00:02:56.133"
gh the atmosphere,
<p begin="00:02:58.667"
reaks apart the molecules of nitrogen
<p begin="00:03:01.733"
air.
<p begin="00:03:06.867"
e actually splits the nitrogen
<p begin="00:03:09.567"
gen molecules.
<p begin="00:03:14.167"
like that.
<p begin="00:03:16.267"
looking for something
<p begin="00:03:17.933"
o with,
<p begin="00:03:19.567"
it with oxygen.
<p begin="00:03:24.333"
ygen bonds with nitrogen,
<p begin="00:03:26.833"
l nutrient called nitrate.
<p begin="00:03:38.767"
he extent of nitrate,
<p begin="00:03:42.633"
yellow,
<p begin="00:03:44.533"
ore than three million lightning bolts
<p begin="00:03:47.467"
day.
<p begin="00:03:49.867"
t 13,000 tons of nitrate.
<p begin="00:03:56.400"
ater droplets in the clouds
<p begin="00:03:59.400"
ground in rain.
<p begin="00:04:14.800"
amiliar with nitrates
<p begin="00:04:16.233"
ertilizers.
<p begin="00:04:17.400"
in a thunderstorm,
end="00:02:14.300"
vast charges of s
end="00:02:24.967"
An average thunde
end="00:02:30.967"
to power a city t
end="00:02:34.600"
Eventually, the c
end="00:02:38.533"
to a point where
end="00:02:41.400"
and a lightning b
end="00:02:51.033"
A bolt is no thic
end="00:02:53.500"
yet it's five tim
end="00:02:56.133"
of the surface of
end="00:02:58.667"
As it burns throu
end="00:03:01.733"
the electricity b
end="00:03:06.867"
contained in the
end="00:03:09.567"
A lightning strok
end="00:03:14.167"
into single nitro
end="00:03:16.267"
Nitrogen doesn't
end="00:03:17.933"
It's desperately
end="00:03:19.567"
to connect back t
end="00:03:21.233"
and it often does
end="00:03:26.833"
NARRATOR: When ox
end="00:03:31.233"
it creates a vita
end="00:03:42.633"
Satellites show t
end="00:03:44.533"
simulated here in
end="00:03:47.467"
produced by the m
end="00:03:49.867"
that strike every
end="00:03:56.400"
This creates abou
end="00:03:59.400"
It dissolves in w
end="00:04:03.367"
and falls to the
end="00:04:16.233"
Most people are f
end="00:04:17.400"
because they're f
end="00:04:20.600"
So when it rains
<p begin="00:04:20.600" end="00:04:24.000"

etting a free fertilizing
<p begin="00:04:24.000" end="00:04:27.333"
will have nitrates in it.
<p begin="00:04:27.333" end="00:04:30.233"
is absorbed through the roots of plants
<p begin="00:04:30.233" end="00:04:32.533"
od chain.
<p begin="00:04:32.533" end="00:04:37.733"
plants, the nitrates become available to us.
<p begin="00:04:40.367" end="00:04:42.667"
nutrient enters the cells
<p begin="00:04:42.667" end="00:04:45.400"
rganism on Earth,
<p begin="00:04:45.400" end="00:04:50.400"
cal for building the structure of plants
<p begin="00:04:50.400" end="00:04:56.000"
oteins and DNA in our bodies as well.
<p begin="00:04:56.000" end="00:05:00.867"
or the survival of all living things.
</div
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in a way you're g
because the water
NARRATOR: Nitrate
and enters the fo
When we eat these
And so this vital
of every living o
where it is criti
and helps make pr
It is essential f

Modificat Nves - Vid - Nitrate - DFXP

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?

<tt xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml" xmlns:tts="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#styli

yet it's five tim

into single nitro

and it often does

that strike every

This creates abou

and falls to the

Most people are f

<p begin="00:04:20.600" end="00:04:24.000"

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