Spreadsheet for Testing and Analysis of the Basler Current Differential R

Disclaimer This spreadsheet presents basic calculations associated with current distribution in electric power transformers, but users sh purported to be complete or comprehensive. In developing this software Basler Electric has attempted to develop accurate c free from bugs, errors, or other program limitations. Users are encouraged to use good judgment with the results, and consu and results for the specific use or purpose of the user.

By use of this program, the user agrees that Basler Electric disclaims all warranties of noninfringement of third party rights, q user assumes the entire risk as to the quality and performance of the software. In no event will Basler Electric be liable for a regarding this software, the user agrees that the venue shall be the State of Illinois.

Purpose of this Spreadsheet This spreadsheet is intended to assist in the analysis of Basler Differential Relays in both commissioning testing and post fau 1) Introduction 2) 87T-Testing == For testing the relay with two single phase current sources. 3) 87T-Diff Calc-Isec == For determining relay response to an arbitrary injected current. 4) CDS - BE1-11t Testing == For testing the CDS220, 240 or BE1-11t with two single phase current sources. 5) CDS220-Diff Calcs-Isec == For determining relay response to an arbitrary injected current. 6) CDS220-BE1-11t -Diff Calcs-Ipri == For determining relay response to an arbitrary primary current. Includes CT connect 7) BE1-11t-Diff Calcs-Isec == For determining relay response to an arbitrary injected current.. 8) CDS240-Diff Calcs-Isec == For determining relay response to an arbitrary injected current. 9) Dual Slope Testing - For testing and graphing the % restrained dual slope characteristic. 10) User == A blank sheet for the user to keep job notes and calcs on.

Instructions, Notes => See each sheet for instructions specific to that sheet. => The spreadsheets have data already entered in. This is for information only, so one can see the type of information expec => On common 1024x768 screens, most sheets are best viewed at 75% zoom. If one has a higher resolution monitor, one m => See papers on the Basler Electric Web site for additional information and transformer differential theory => Send comments on this spreadsheet to "info@basler.com" Revision Notes: Rev. D.1; 03/26/03; Request for comments Rev. D.2; DDAB calc error fixed. Rev. 0.1; Initial release, including a couple formatting updates relative to rev 0 as used at Megger Conference, 06/27/05 Rev. 0.2; Fixed "Iop>MPU?" check, cells G31/G32, 87T-Diff Calcs-Isec sheet; revised disclaimer wording. 11/22/05 Rev. 0.3; Added BE1-11t where applicable and dual slope support. 9/20/12 Basler Electric Company, 12570 State Route 143, Highland, Illinois 62249-1074 USA Phone: 618/654-2341 - Fax: 618/654-2351 - Website: www.basler.com

Current Differential Relays, BE1-87T, BE1-CDS2x0 and BE1-11 t

power transformers, but users should be aware the specific applications were intended, so the results cannot attempted to develop accurate calculation methods, but Basler Electric does not warrant that the software is gment with the results, and consult with a Basler Electric representative to determine the accuracy of the data

fringement of third party rights, quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The will Basler Electric be liable for any indirect, special, or consequential damages. In the event of any litigation

mmissioning testing and post fault event analysis. The sheets and their purpose are:

se current sources. ent. ary current. Includes CT connection and ratio effects. nt.. ent. .

see the type of information expected. Update all information and settings appropriately. higher resolution monitor, one might raise the zoom control to 100% for clearer viewing. ferential theory

egger Conference, 06/27/05 aimer wording. 11/22/05

BE1-87T, 3 Phase, Testing With 2 Single Phase Current Sources

This sheet predicts targets on BE1-87T when testing with two single phase test sets, with the relay set at user's final settings.
-- Enter data in yellow fields only. Range cell becomes red if out of range data is entered. -- Input "1" and "2" are used for reference, but each can refer to any of the relay's 3 phase inputs. There up to three 3 phase inputs on a BE1-87T. -- This sheet does not support back to back delta compensation (e.g., DAB-DAC and DAC-DAB compensation jumper configurations). RELAY SETTINGS (Red range cell flags bad data) Range

Nominal Amp Rating of Inputs % Slope Minimum Pick-Up (MPU) Input 1 Tap Input 1 Compensation Jumper Input 2 Tap Input 2 Compensation Jumper

5 25% 0.35 2 d1 6 y

5 or 1 15-60, steps of 5 Normally 0.35 2.0-8.9 or 0.4-1.78 Y, D1, D2 2.0-8.9 or 0.4-1.78 Y, D1, D2

MULTIPLES OF TAP (MOT) FOR TEST 0.87 Suggest repeating test at 0, 1, 3, and 5 MOT. Selecting 0 MOT means the spreadsheet gives min. pickup. Higher MOT might be tested but max. continuous rating of relay is 20A. INITIAL CURRENT INJECTION VALUE Initially inject into Input 1 (amps): 1.74 < 0 Initially inject into Input 2 (amps): 5.22 < 180

TEST SET CONNECTIONS AND EXPECTED TARGETS

Connect polarity/non-polarity of the two test set sources to the indicated phase on relay, or the relay common non-polarity as Relay Ph A Pol Relay Ph B Pol Relay Ph C Pol Relay NonPol Test # 1 (87PH-A) Test Set 1 Polarity N.C. N.C. Test Set 1 NonPol. Relay Input 1: Test Set 2 Polarity Test Set 2 NonPol. N.C. N.C. Relay Input 2: Phases that give targets at trip level: Phase A Phase B Relay Ph A Pol Relay Ph B Pol Relay Ph C Pol Relay NonPol Test # 2 (87PH-B) N.C. Test Set 1 Polarity N.C. Test Set 1 NonPol. Relay Input 1: N.C. Test Set 2 Polarity Test Set 2 NonPol. N.C. Relay Input 2: Phases that give targets at trip level: Phase B Phase C Relay Ph A Pol Relay Ph B Pol Relay Ph C Pol Relay NonPol Test # 3 (87PH-C) N.C. N.C. Test Set 1 Polarity Test Set 1 NonPol. Relay Input 1: Test Set 2 NonPol. N.C. Test Set 2 Polarity N.C. Relay Input 2: Phases that give targets at trip level: Phase A Phase C TRIP OCCURS AT THESE CURRENTS: Increasing Input 1 current: Decreasing Input 1 current: Increasing Input 2 current: Decreasing Input 2 current: Nominal 2.44 1.04 7.32 3.12 +/0.246 0.162 0.539 0.287 Range 2.19 0.88 6.78 2.83 2.69 1.20 7.86 3.41 Intermediate Calculations: When increasing input 1, % Slope is exceeded at: When decreasing input 1, % Slope is exceeded at: When increasing input 2, % Slope is exceeded at: When decreasing input 2, % Slope is exceeded at: When increasing input 1, Min Operate is exceeded at: When decreasing Input 1, Min Operate is exceeded at: When increasing input 2, Min Operate is exceeded at: When decreasing Input 2, Min Operate is exceeded at: 1.74 1.74 5.23 5.21 2.44 1.04 7.32 3.12

Test 1

As Found Test 2

Test 3

BE1-87T, 3 Phase, Differential Calculations, Arbitrary Isec.

This sheet predicts tripping of a BE1-87T for a set of two user-defined CT secondary current inputs
-- Enter data in yellow fields only. Blue cells are calculated by the spreadsheet. -- Input 1 and 2 are used for reference; each can refer to any of the relay's 3-phase inputs. There up to three 3-phase inputs on a BE1-87T. -- The spreadsheet reproduces the differential calculations of the BE1-87T to assist in determining if a trip should occur for a given test current. -- Range cells will be green normally, but turn red to flag out-of-range settings. -- Recall the relay expects current reversal across the xfmr, so balanced currents are shifted by 150, 180, or -150 degrees in most applications. For instance, for balanced 3 phase current, current at Input 2 should be shifted by 180deg if jumpers are Y-Y, +150deg if jumpers are Y-D1, and -150deg if jumpers are Y-D2. RELAY SETTINGS (Red range cell flags bad data) Nominal Amp Rating of Inputs 5 % Slope 25% 0.35 Minimum Pickup (MPU), per unit Input 1 Tap 2 Y Input 1 Compensation Jumper 6 Input 2 Tap d2 Input 2 Compensation Jumper Range 5 or 1 15-60, steps of 5 See Cell Comment 2.0-8.9 or 0.4-1.78 Y, D1, D2 2.0-8.9 or 0.4-1.78 Y, D1, D2 Current Inputs, Per Unit of Tap: Mag. Input 1, Ph A 0.550 Input 1, Ph B 0.550 0.550 Input 1, Ph C Input 2, Ph A 0.500 0.500 Input 2, Ph B 0.500 Input 2, Ph C Restraint, with Compensation Jumper Effects Input 1, A Comparator 0.550 0.550 Input 1, B Comparator Input 1, C Comparator 0.550 Input 2, A Comparator 0.866 Input 2, B Comparator 0.866 0.866 Input 2, C Comparator Effective Restraint (Largest Restraint x Slope) A Comparator 0.217 0.217 B Comparator 0.217 C Comparator Mag. Operate Current (Restraint 1 - Restraint 2) 0.316 A Comparator B Comparator 0.316 0.316 C Comparator Trip? (I Op>MPU? & I Op>Restraint?) No A Comparator No B Comparator No C Comparator Angle 0 -120 120 150 30 -90 0 -120 120 180 60 -60 Intermediate Calculations D1, D2 Jumper Compensation Equations: Input 1, Rectangular format D1, D2 Equations Real Imag Real A 0.5500 0.0000 D1;1A-1C 0.8250 B -0.2750 -0.4763 D1;1B-1A -0.8250 C -0.2750 0.4763 D1;1C-1B 0.0000 D2;1A-1B 0.8250 D2;1B-1C 0.0000 D2;1C-1A -0.8250 Input 2, Rectangular format D1, D2 Equations A -0.4330 0.2500 D1;2A-2C -0.4330 B 0.4330 0.2500 D1;2B-2A 0.8660 C 0.0000 -0.5000 D1;2C-2B -0.4330 D2;2A-2B -0.8660 D2;2B-2C 0.4330 D2;2C-2A 0.4330 Convert Restraint to Rectangular format X jY Input 1 A 0.5500 0.0000 -0.2750 -0.4763 B C -0.2750 0.4763 -0.8660 0.0000 Input 2 A 0.4330 0.7500 B C 0.4330 -0.7500 Sum Restraint to find Operate Current X jY Mag Sum 1A+2A -0.3160 0.0000 0.3160 1B+2B 0.1580 0.2737 0.3160 1C+2C 0.1580 -0.2737 0.3160

Imag -0.4763 -0.4763 0.9526 0.4763 -0.9526 0.4763 0.7500 0.0000 -0.7500 0.0000 0.7500 -0.7500

Mag 0.9526 0.9526 0.9526 0.9526 0.9526 0.9526 0.8660 0.8660 0.8660 0.8660 0.8660 0.8660

Angle -30.0 -150.0 90.0 30.0 -90.0 150.0 120.0 0.0 -120.0 180.0 60.0 -60.0

INJECTED CURRENT AT INPUT 1 (Single phase entry sufficient) Current @ Input 1, Ph A Current @ Input 1, Ph B Current @ Input 1, Ph C INJECTED CURRENTS AT INPUT 2 Current @ Input 2, Ph A Current @ Input 2, Ph B Current @ Input 2, Ph C

Mag. 1.1 1.1 1.1 Mag. 3 3 3

Angle 0 -120 120 Angle 150 30 -90

Angle 180.0 60.0 -60.0

BE1-CDS, BE1-11t Testing With 2 Single Phase Current Sources

This sheet predicts targets on the BE1-CDS2x0 or BE1-11t when testing with two single phase test sets, with the relay set at user's final settings.
-- Enter data in yellow fields only. Range cells become red if bad data is entered. Blue cells are calculated by the spreadsheet. -- While most directly applicable to the CDS220 and BE1-11t, this spreadsheet can be used to analyze the CDS240 if one mentally compensates for the winding numbers and does not use the advanced compensation schemes in the CDS240. -- The spreadsheet expects one to understand compensation that the relay is using and enter net compensation, not the Xfmr or CT configuration. Refer to the instruction manual for details Intermediate Calculations: Imax = Tap 87 Phase: 87Phase Effective Tap = Tap setting x sqrt(3) if DAB or DAC compensation is used. Input 1 Effective Tap for 87Ph calcs: 2.000 Hence, 5 MOT is (amps): Input 2 Effective Tap for 87Ph calcs: 5.000 Hence, 5 MOT is (amps): Trip Levels (amps): Max Rest Avg. Rest When increasing input 1, % Slope is exceeded at: 16.000 13.429 2 2 When decreasing input 1, % Slope is exceeded at: 7.600 8.154 When increasing input 2, % Slope is exceeded at: 40.000 33.571 2 When decreasing input 2, % Slope is exceeded at: 19.000 20.385 2 When increasing input 1, Min Operate is exceeded at: 10.700 10.700 When decreasing Input 1, Min Operate is exceeded at: 9.300 9.300 When increasing input 2, Min Operate is exceeded at: 26.750 26.750 When decreasing Input 2, Min Operate is exceeded at: 23.250 23.250 87 Neutral: (CDS220 only) Phase tap to be used in 87N calculations (= tap setting of selected phase): Trip Levels (amps): Max Rest Avg. Rest When increasing input 2, % Slope is exceeded at: 12.500 12.222 When decreasing input 2, % Slope is exceeded at: 8.000 8.182 When increasing input Ig, % Slope is exceeded at: 37.500 36.667 When decreasing input Ig, % Slope is exceeded at: 24.000 24.545 When increasing input 2, Min Operate is exceeded at: 11.000 11.000 When decreasing input 2, Min Operate is exceeded at: 9.000 9.000 When increasing input Ig, Min Operate is exceeded at: 33.000 33.000 When decreasing Input Ig, Min Operate is exceeded at: 27.000 27.000

RELAY SETTINGS

Range

Nominal Amp Rating of Inputs Use Max. or Avg. Restraint? 87Phase Min Pickup (MPU), per unit Phase % Slope 1 Phase % Slope 2,
2nd Slope Pickup (MPU), (0 = disable)

Input 1 Tap Input 1 Compensation Input 1 "Ground Source" selected? Input 2 Tap Input 2 Compensation Input 2 "Ground Source" selected? 87Gnd Min Pickup (MPU), per unit 87Gnd % Slope Which input # is Ig is compared to? Phase CT Ratio for Input 2 Ground CT Ratio 87N Tap, Ig Input side 87N Tap, Phase Input side
MULTIPLES OF TAP (MOT) FOR TEST

5 M 0.35 15% 60% 4 2 Y N 2.887 dab n 0.5 20% 2 300 100 6.00 2.00

5 or 1 M or A 0.10-1.00 15-60, steps of 1 15-60, steps of 1 0.1-20 2.0-20 or 0.4-4 Y, DAB, DAC Y, N 2.0-20 or 0.4-4 Y, DAB, DAC Y, N 0.10-1.00 15-60, steps of 1 1 or 2 N to 1 N to 1 See cell notes See cell notes above

Messages appear below if certain unsupported settings are selected

10.00 25.00 In Use: 16.000 7.600 40.000 19.000 10.700 9.300 26.750 23.250

87PHASE TEST
Suggest repeating test at 0, 1, 3, and 5 MOT. Selecting 0 MOT means the spreadsheet gives min. pickup. Higher MOT might be tested but max. continuous rating of relay is 20A. INITIAL CURRENT INJECTION VALUE FOR PHASE TEST Initially inject into Input 1 (amps): 10.000 < 0 Initially inject into Input 2 (amps): 25.000 < 180

In Use: 12.500 8.000 37.500 24.000 11.000 9.000 33.000 27.000

PHASE DIFFERENTIAL TESTS TRIP OCCURS AT THESE CURRENTS: Nominal Increasing Input 1 current: 16.00 Decreasing Input 1 current: 7.60 Increasing Input 2 current: 40.00 Decreasing Input 2 current: 19.00 GROUND DIFFERENTIAL TESTS TRIP OCCURS AT THESE CURRENTS: Nominal Increasing Input Ig current: 37.50 Decreasing Input Ig current: 24.00 Increasing Input 2 current: 12.50 Decreasing Input 2 current: 8.00 +/0.640 0.304 1.600 0.760 Range 15.36 7.30 38.40 18.24 16.64 7.90 41.60 19.76 Test 1 As Found Test 2 Test 3

TEST SET CONNECTIONS AND EXPECTED TARGETS

Jumper non-polarities on each relay input together. Connect polarity/non-polarity of the two test set sources to the indicated Relay Ph A Pol. Relay Ph B Pol. Relay Ph C Pol. Relay NonPol. Test # 1 (87PH-A) Test Set 1 Pol. N.C. Test Set 1 NonPol. N.C. Relay Input 1: Test Set 2 Pol. N.C. N.C. Test Set 2 NonPol. Relay Input 2: Phases that give targets at trip level: Phase A Phase C Relay Ph A Pol. Relay Ph B Pol. Relay Ph C Pol. Relay NonPol. Test # 2 (87PH-B) Test Set 1 NonPol. Test Set 1 Pol. N.C. N.C. Relay Input 1: N.C. Test Set 2 Pol. N.C. Test Set 2 NonPol. Relay Input 2: Phases that give targets at trip level: Phase A Phase B Relay Ph A Pol. Relay Ph B Pol. Relay Ph C Pol. Relay NonPol. Test # 3 (87PH-C) N.C. Test Set 1 NonPol. Test Set 1 Pol. N.C. Relay Input 1: N.C. N.C. Test Set 2 Pol. Test Set 2 NonPol. Relay Input 2: Phases that give targets at trip level: Phase B Phase C

+/1.500 0.960 0.500 0.320

Range 36.00 23.04 12.00 7.68 39.00 24.96 13.00 8.32

As Found

87N TEST
INITIAL CURRENT INJECTION VALUE AND TEST SET CONNECTION Initially inject into Input Ig (amps): Initially inject into Input 2, any phase, but 180 degrees out of phase with Ig: 30.00 10.00

BE CAREFUL: At least one of the listed test currents is above the maximum continuous rating of the relay (20A).

BE1-CDS220 Differential Calculations for Arbitrary Isec

This sheet predicts tripping of a BE1-CDS220 for a set of arbitrary user-defined CT secondary current inputs
-- Enter data in yellow fields only, entering only data listed in the "Range" cell. Range cells become red if bad data is entered. -- The spreadsheet expects one to understand compensation that the relay is using and enter net compensation, not the Xfmr configuration. See IM chapter 3. -- This sheet is for analyzing the effect of CT secondary currents being injected into the relay. This is not analyzing effect of primary current on relay. Note the CT Ratio is not entered in this spreadsheet (except for the purpose of calculating the 87N Tap). -- This sheet supports DAC, DAB, and "Ground Source" compensations of the CDS220. -- Recall the relay expects current reversal across the xfmr, so balanced currents are shifted by 150, 180, or -150 degrees in most applications. For instance, for balanced 3 phase current, current at Input 2 should be shifted by 180deg if xfmr is Y-Y, +150deg for a DAB-Y xfmr, and -150deg for a DAC-Y xfmr. RELAY SETTINGS Nominal Amp Rating of Inputs Restr. = Max. or Avg. Mult. of Tap? 87Phase Min Pickup (MPU), per unit Phase % Slope Input 1 Tap Input 1 Compensation (see IM Chpt 3) Input 1 "Ground Source" selected? Input 2 Tap Input 2 Compensation (see IM Chpt 3) Input 2 "Ground Source" selected? 87Gnd Min Pickup (MPU), per unit 87Gnd % Slope Which input # is Ig compared to? Phase CT Ratio for Input 2 Ground CT Ratio Range 5 or 1 M or A 0.10-1.00 15-60, steps of 1 2.0-20 or 0.4-4 Y, DAB, DAC Y, N 2.0-20 or 0.4-4 Y, DAB, DAC Y, N 0.10-1.00 15-60, steps of 1 1, 2. N to 1 N to 1 See cell notes See above CURRENTS AT RELAY INPUT 1 Mag. Input 1, Ph A 8 Input 1, Ph B 0 Input 1, Ph C 8 CURRENTS AT RELAY INPUT 2 Mag. Restraint Current (Ir) A Comparator B Comparator C Comparator Gnd Comparator 2.000 0.000 2.000 3.810

87N Tap, Ig Input side 87N Tap, Phase Input side

5 M 0.25 35% 4 y n 2.2 dab n 0.2 20% 2 400 200 4.00 2.00

Angle

0.0 0.0 180.0 Angle 180.0 30.0 0.0 Angle

Mag.
Input 2, Ph A 7.62 Input 2, Ph B 0 Input 2, Ph C 0 CURRENT AT RELAY INPUT IG

Effective Restrainted Pickup Current A Comparator B Comparator C Comparator Gnd Comparator 0.700 0.000 0.700 0.762

Mag.

Current @ Input Ig 15.24 0.0 Input Current/Tap ( = current in MOT) Mag. Angle Input 1, Ph A 2.000 0.0 Input 1, Ph B 0.000 0.0 2.000 180.0 Input 1, Ph C Input 2, Ph A 2.000 180.0 0.000 0.0 Input 2, Ph B 2.000 0.0 Input 2, Ph C Input Ig / 87N Ig tap 3.810 0.0 3.810 180.0 3Io, Input 2 / 87N Ph tap Phase Currents after delta/wye compensation Mag. Angle Input 1, A Comparator 2.000 0.0 Input 1, B Comparator 0.000 0.0 Input 1, C Comparator 2.000 180.0 Input 2, A Comparator 2.000 180.0 Input 2, B Comparator 0.000 0.0 Input 2, C Comparator 2.000 0.0

Mag. Operate Current (Rest. 1+2) A Comparator B Comparator C Comparator Gnd Comparator 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Trip? (Op>MPU? & Op>Restraint?) 87Ph-A 87Ph-B 87Ph-C 87N

No No No No

BE1-CDS220 3 Phase, Differential Calculations for Arbitrary Primary Currents

This sheet predicts tripping of a BE1-CDS220 for a set of arbitrary user-defined primary (i.e., line) current inputs
-- This sheet can also be used for the CDS240 in cases where the CDS240 is configured without ABC Swap, DDAB, or Polarity Reversal compensation. -- Enter data in yellow fields only, entering only data listed in the "Range" cell. Range cells become red if bad data is entered. -- The spreadsheet expects one to understand compensation that the relay is using and enter net compensation, not the Xfmr configuration. See IM chapter 3. -- This sheet is for analyzing primary line currents. This sheet includes the effect of the CT connections. -- Recall the relay expects current reversal across the xfmr, so balanced currents are shifted by 150, 180, or -150 degrees in most applications. For instance, for balanced 3 phase current, current at Input 2 should be shifted by 180deg if xfmr is Y-Y, +150deg for a DAB-Y xfmr, and -150deg for a DAC-Y xfmr. RELAY SETTINGS Nominal Amp Rating of Inputs Restr. = Max. or Avg. Mult. of Tap? 87Phase Min Pickup (MPU), per unit Phase % Slope Input 1 CT Ratio Input 1 CT Connection Input 1 Tap Input 1 Compensation (see IM Chpt 3) Input 1 "Ground Source" selected? Input 2 CT Ratio Input 2 CT Connection Input 2 Tap Input 2 Compensation (see IM Chpt 3) Input 2 "Ground Source" selected? 87Gnd Min Pickup (MPU), per unit 87Gnd % Slope Which input # is Ig compared to? Ground CT Ratio Range 5 or 1 M or A 0.10-1.00 15-60, steps of 1 N to 1, Incr. of 1 Y, DAB, DAC 2.0-20 or 0.4-4 Y, DAB, DAC Y, N N to 1, Incr. of 1 Y, DAB, DAC 2.0-20 or 0.4-4 Y, DAB, DAC Y, N 0.10-1.00 15-60, steps of 1 1, 2 N to 1, Incr. of 1 See cell notes See above PRIMARY CURRENTS AT INPUT 1 Mag. Input 1, Ph A 120 Input 1, Ph B 120 Input 1, Ph C 120 PRIMARY CURRENTS AT INPUT 2 Input 2, Ph A 1200 Input 2, Ph B 1200 Input 2, Ph C 1200 CURRENT AT IG (GROUND INPUT) Current @ Input Ig 0 CT Secondary Currents Input 1, Ph A 3.000 Input 1, Ph B 3.000 Input 1, Ph C 3.000 Input 2, Ph A 5.000 Input 2, Ph B 5.000 Input 2, Ph C 5.000 0 Input Ig Input Current/Tap ( = current in MOT) 1.124 Input 1, Ph A Input 1, Ph B 1.124 1.124 Input 1, Ph C Input 2, Ph A 1.126 Input 2, Ph B 1.126 Input 2, Ph C 1.126 Input Ig / 87N Ig tap 0.000 0.000 3Io, Input 6 / 87N Ph tap Phase Currents after delta/wye comp. Input 1, A Comparator 1.124 Input 1, B Comparator 1.124 Input 1, C Comparator 1.124 Input 2, A Comparator 1.126 Input 2, B Comparator 1.126 Input 2, C Comparator 1.126 Mag. Restraint Current (Ir) A Comparator B Comparator C Comparator Gnd Comparator 1.126 1.124 1.124 1.126

87N Tap, Ig Input side 87N Tap, Phase Input side

5 M 0.25 35% 40 y 2.67 Y n 240 y 4.44 dab n 0.2 20% 2 80 6.00 2.00

Angle

0.0 -120.0 120.0 150.0 30.0 -90.0 150.0

0.0 -120.0 120.0 150.0 30.0 -90.0 150.0 0.000 -120.000 120.000 150.000 30.000 -90.000 150.0 0.0 0.000 -120.000 120.000 180.000 60.000 -60.000

Effective Restrainted Pickup Current A Comparator B Comparator C Comparator Gnd Comparator 0.394 0.393 0.393 5.000

Mag. Operate Current (Rest. 1+2) A Comparator B Comparator C Comparator Gnd Comparator 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.000

Trip? (Op>MPU? & Op>Restraint?) 87Ph-A 87Ph-B 87Ph-C 87N

No No No No

BE1-11t Differential Calculations for Arbitrary Isec

This sheet predicts tripping of a BE1-11t for a set of arbitrary user-defined CT secondary current inputs

-- Enter data in yellow fields only, entering only data listed in the "Range" cell. Range cells become red if bad data is entered. -- The spreadsheet expects one to understand compensation that the relay is using and enter net compensation, not the Xfmr RELAY SETTINGS Nominal Amp Rating of Inputs Restr. = Max. or Avg. Mult. of Tap? 87Phase Min Pickup (MPU), per unit Phase % Slope 1 Phase % Slope 2 2nd Slope Pickup (MPU), per unit Input 1 Tap Input 1 Compensation Input 1 "Ground Source" selected? Input 2 Tap Input 2 Compensation Input 2 "Ground Source" selected? 87Gnd Min Pickup (MPU), per unit 87Gnd % Slope Which input # is Ig compared to? Phase CT Ratio for Input 2 Ground CT Ratio Range 5 or 1 M or A 0.10-1.00 15-60, steps of 1 15-60, steps of 1 0.1-20 2.0-20 or 0.4-4 Y, DAB, DAC Y, N 2.0-20 or 0.4-4 Y, DAB, DAC Y, N 0.10-1.00 15-60, steps of 1 1, 2. N to 1 N to 1 See cell notes See above Ir 175.000 10.000 CURRENTS AT RELAY INPUT 1 Input 1, Ph A Input 1, Ph B Input 1, Ph C CURRENTS AT RELAY INPUT 2 Input 2, Ph A Input 2, Ph B Input 2, Ph C CURRENT AT RELAY INPUT IG Current @ Input Ig Input Current/Tap ( = current in MOT) Input 1, Ph A Input 1, Ph B Input 1, Ph C Input 2, Ph A Input 2, Ph B Input 2, Ph C Input Ig / 87N Ig tap 3Io, Input 2 / 87N Ph tap Phase Currents after delta/wye compensation Input 1, A Comparator Input 1, B Comparator Input 1, C Comparator Input 2, A Comparator Input 2, B Comparator Input 2, C Comparator

87N Tap, Ig Input side 87N Tap, Phase Input side

% Slope Transistion Points knee 1 (Min Pickup to Slope 1) knee 2 (Slope 1 to Slope 2)

5 M 0.35 20% 60% 10 4 y n 2.2 dab n 0.35 20% 2 400 200 4.00 2.00
Iop 0.350 0.020

CT secondary current inputs

become red if bad data is entered. ter net compensation, not the Xfmr configuration. See Instruction Manual. RELAY INPUT 1 Mag. Mag. Restraint Current (Ir) A Comparator B Comparator C Comparator Gnd Comparator 2.000 0.000 2.000 0.000

Angle

8 0 8
RELAY INPUT 2

0.0 0.0 180.0 Angle 180.0 30.0 0.0 Angle 0.0

Angle 0.0 0.0 180.0 180.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 180.0 Angle 0.0 0.0 180.0 180.0 0.0 0.0

Intermediate Calculations Tap, Delta, and Io Compensation Equations Real Input 1 Wye Compensation (= None) but after tap effec IA 2.000 IB 0.000 IC -2.000 Calculated Io 0.000 Wye - Io compensation A' = A-Io 2.000 B' = B-Io 0.000 C' = C-Io -2.000 DAB Compensation A' =(A-B)/sqrt3 1.155 B' =(B-C)/sqrt3 1.155 C' =(C-A)/sqrt3 -2.309 DAC Compensation A' =(A-C)/sqrt3 2.309 B' =(B-A)/sqrt3 -1.155 C' =(C-B)/sqrt3 -1.155 Input 1, applying appropriate compensation A 2.000 B 0.000 C -2.000 Current Summations Phase Sum (Input 1 + 2, after compensation) 1A+2A 0.000 1B+2B 0.000 1C+2C 0.000

Mag. 7.62 0 0 Mag. 15.24

Effective Restrainted Pickup Current A Comparator B Comparator C Comparator Gnd Comparator 0.400 0.000 0.400 0.762

RELAY INPUT IG

ap ( = current in MOT) Mag. 2.000 0.000 2.000 2.000 0.000 2.000 3.810 3.810 Mag. 2.000 0.000 2.000 2.000 0.000 2.000

Mag. Operate Current (Rest. 1+2) A Comparator B Comparator C Comparator Gnd Comparator 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Trip? (Op>MPU? & Op>Restraint?) 87Ph-A 87Ph-B 87Ph-C 87N

s after delta/wye compensation

No No No No

Compensation Equations Imag. Mag n (= None) but after tap effect. 0.000 2.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.000 2.000 0.000 2.000 1.155 1.155 2.309 2.309 1.155 1.155 2.000 0.000 2.000

Angle 0.0 0.0 180.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 180.0 0.0 0.0 180.0 0.0 180.0 180.0 0.0 0.0 180.0

Input 2 IA IB IC Calculated Io Ao' = A-Io Bo' = B-Io Co' = C-Io A' =(A-B)/sqrt3 B' =(B-C)/sqrt3 C' =(C-A)/sqrt3

Real -3.464 0.000 0.000 -1.155 -2.309 1.155 1.155 -2.000 0.000 2.000

Imag. 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Mag 3.464 0.000 0.000 1.155 2.309 1.155 1.155 2.000 0.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 0.000 2.000 0.000 2.000

Angle 180.0 30.0 0.0 180.0 180.0 0.0 0.0 180.0 0.0 0.0 180.0 0.0 0.0 180.0 0.0 0.0

0.000 0.000 0.000 propriate compensation 0.000 0.000 0.000

A' =(A-C)/sqrt3 -2.000 0.000 B' =(B-A)/sqrt3 2.000 0.000 C' =(C-B)/sqrt3 0.000 0.000 Input 2, applying appropriate compensation A -2.000 0.000 B 0.000 0.000 C 2.000 0.000

1 + 2, after compensation) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

----------

Ground currents and summation Ig 3.810 0.000 3Io -3.810 0.000 Ig+3Io 0.000 0.000

3.810 3.810 0.000

0.0 180.0 ----

BE1-CDS240, 3 Phase, Differential Calculations for Arbitrary Isec

This sheet predicts targets on a BE1-CDS240 relay for a set of arbitrary user-defined secondary currents
-- Enter data in yellow fields only. Blue cells are calculated by the spreadsheet. -- The sheet reproduces the differential calculations of the BE1-CDS240 to assist in determining if a trip should occur for a given current defined by the user. -- This sheet does not support the analysis of virtual currents at this time. -- Recall the relay expects current reversal across the xfmr, so balanced currents are shifted by 150, 180, or -150 degrees in most applications. For instance, for balanced 3 phase current, current at Input 2 should be shifted by 180deg if xfmr is Y-Y, +150deg for a DAB-Y xfmr, and -150deg for a DAC-Y xfmr. RELAY SETTINGS (Red range cell flags bad data) Nominal Amp Rating of Inputs 5 Restr. = Max. or Avg. Mult. of Tap? M No. of 87Ph inputs (see Range notes) 4 87Phase Min Pickup (MPU), per unit 0.25 Phase % Slope 35% Input 1 Tap 5 Input 1 Delta Comp. (see IM Chpt 3) y Input 1 "Ground Source" selected? n Input 1 Swap; A = ? a Input 1 Polarity Reversal? n Input 2 Tap 2.5 Input 2 Delta Comp. (see IM Chpt 3) y Input 2 "Ground Source" selected? n Input 2 Phase Swap; A = ? a Input 2 Polarity Reversal? n Input 3 Tap 2.5 Input 3 Delta Comp. (see IM Chpt 3) y Input 3 "Ground Source" selected? n Input 3 Phase Swap; A = ? A Input 4 Polarity Reversal? N Input 4 Tap 2.5 Input 4 Delta Comp. (see IM Chpt 3) y Input 4 "Ground Source" selected? n Input 4 Phase Swap; A = ? a Input 4 Polarity Reversal? n 87Gnd Min Pickup (MPU), per unit 0.2 87Gnd % Slope 20% Which input # is Ig compared to? 4 Phase CT Ratio for Input 4 400 Ground CT Ratio 50 Range 5 or 1 M or A or 2 2,3,4 0.10-1.00 15-60, steps of 1 2.0-20 or 0.4-4
Y, DAB, DAC, DDAB

Y, N A, B, C Y, N 2.0-20 or 0.4-4
Y, DAB, DAC, DDAB

Y, N A, B, C Y, N 2.0-20 or 0.4-4
Y, DAB, DAC, DDAB

Y, N A, B, C Y, N 2.0-20 or 0.4-4
Y, DAB, DAC, DDAB

CURRENTS AT INPUT 1 Mag. Angle Input 1, Ph A 7 180.0 Input 1, Ph B 7 60.0 Input 1, Ph C 7 -60.0 CURRENTS AT INPUT 2 Mag. Angle Input 2, Ph A 1 0.0 Input 2, Ph B 1 -120.0 Input 2, Ph C 1 120.0 CURRENTS AT INPUT 3 Mag. Angle Input 3, Ph A 1 0.0 Input 3, Ph B 1 -120.0 Input 3, Ph C 1 120.0 CURRENTS AT INPUT 4 Mag. Angle Input 4, Ph A 1.5 0.0 Input 4, Ph B 1.5 -120.0 Input 4, Ph C 1.5 120.0 CURRENT AT IG (GROUND INPUT) Mag. Angle Input Ig 0 180.0

Current, Per Unit of Tap:

87N Tap, Ig Input side

16.00

Y, N A, B, C Y, N 0.10-1.00 15-60, steps of 1 1, 2. 3, 4 N to 1 N to 1 See cell notes

Mag. Input 1, Ph A 1.400 Input 1, Ph B 1.400 Input 1, Ph C 1.400 Input 2, Ph A 0.400 Input 2, Ph B 0.400 Input 2, Ph C 0.400 Input 3, Ph A 0.400 Input 3, Ph B 0.400 Input 3, Ph C 0.400 Input 4, Ph A 0.600 Input 4, Ph B 0.600 Input 4, Ph C 0.600 Input Ig / 87N Ig tap 0.000 0.000 3Io, Input / 87N Ph tap Phase Restraint, after compensation Input 1, A Comparator 1.400 Input 1, B Comparator 1.400 1.400 Input 1, C Comparator Input 2, A Comparator 0.400 Input 2, B Comparator 0.400 Input 2, C Comparator 0.400 Input 3, A Comparator 0.400 Input 3, B Comparator 0.400 Input 3, C Comparator 0.400 Input 4, A Comparator 0.600 Input 4, B Comparator 0.600 Input 4, C Comparator 0.600

Angle 180.0 60.0 -60.0 0.0 -120.0 120.0 0.0 -120.0 120.0 0.0 -120.0 120.0 180.0 0.0 180.0 60.0 -60.0 0.0 -120.0 120.0 0.0 -120.0 120.0 0.0 -120.0 120.0

Mag. Restraint Current (Ir) A Comparator B Comparator C Comparator Gnd Comparator 1.400 1.400 1.400 0.000

Effective Restrainted Pickup Current A Comparator 0.350 B Comparator 0.350 C Comparator 0.350 Gnd Comparator 0.000 Mag. Operate Current (Rest. 1+2+3+4) A Comparator B Comparator C Comparator Gnd Comparator Trip? (Op>MPU? & Op>Restraint?) A Comparator B Comparator C Comparator Ground Comparator 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

No No No No

RELAY SETTINGS CT1 Tap (Amps) CT2 Tap (Amps) Slope Mode Min. Restrained Pickup (Iop Multiples of Tap) 2nd Slope Pickup (Ires Multiples of Tap) (0=disable) Restrained Slope 1 Restrained Slope 2 MULTIPLE OF TAP (MOT) FOR TEST INITIAL CURRENT INJECTION VALUE FOR TEST Initially inject into Input 1 (amps): Initially inject into Input 2 (amps):

2.00 5.00 M 0.35 4 15% 60% 5

10 < 0 25 < 180

Slope Transitions Knee 1 (per unit) Knee 2 (per unit)

Ires 2.333 4.000

Iop 0.350 0.600

Trip Levels 87 Phase: Trip Level (Amps): When increasing input 1, When decreasing input 1, When increasing input 2, When decreasing input 2,

Max Res Slope 2 Slope 2 Slope 2 Slope 2

Avg Res Slope 2 Slope 2 Slope 2 Slope 2

is exceeded at: is exceeded at: is exceeded at: is exceeded at:

Max. Restr. Avg. Restr. 16.000 13.429 7.600 8.154 40.000 33.571 19.000 20.385

--------------------------------------------- Do not edit cells below ---------------------------------------------------Trip Point Inc. 8.000 3.000

Ires Iop

Trip Poin Dec. Ires 5.000 Iop 1.200

Range 2.00-20.00 2.00-20.00 M (Max.) or A (Avg.) 0 or 0.1-1 0 or 0.1-20 15-60 15-60 0-20

Percentage Restraint Characteristic Percentage Restraint Characteristic

14.0 14.0 12.0 12.0 10.0 10.0

Iop (Multiples of Tap) Iop (Multiples of Tap)

8.0 8.0

6.0 6.0 Inc. Trip Point, (Ires, Iop), 8.00, 4.0 4.0 3.00 Dec. Trip Point, Dec. Trip Point, (Ires, (Ires, Iop), 5.00, 2.0 Iop), 5.00, 1.20 1.20 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Inc. Trip Point, (Ires, Iop), 8.00, 3.00

In Use: 16.000 7.600 40.000 19.000

5.0 5.0

10.0 15.0 10.0 15.0 Ires (Multiples of Tap) Ires (Multiples of Tap)

20.0

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Slope 2 Y-Intercept -1.8 Slope 1 Y-Intercept 0 x 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 f(x) 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35

0.35

0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3

0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.36 0.375 0.39 0.405 0.42 0.435 0.45 0.465 0.48 0.495 0.51 0.525 0.54 0.555 0.57 0.585 0.6 0.66 0.72 0.78 0.84 0.9 0.96 1.02 1.08 1.14 1.2 1.26 1.32 1.38

5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 10.0

1.44 1.5 1.56 1.62 1.68 1.74 1.8 1.86 1.92 1.98 2.04 2.1 2.16 2.22 2.28 2.34 2.4 2.46 2.52 2.58 2.64 2.7 2.76 2.82 2.88 2.94 3 3.06 3.12 3.18 3.24 3.3 3.36 3.42 3.48 3.54 3.6 3.66 3.72 3.78 3.84 3.9 3.96 4.02 4.08 4.14 4.2

10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 11.8 11.9 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 12.8 12.9 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 13.9 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7

4.26 4.32 4.38 4.44 4.5 4.56 4.62 4.68 4.74 4.8 4.86 4.92 4.98 5.04 5.1 5.16 5.22 5.28 5.34 5.4 5.46 5.52 5.58 5.64 5.7 5.76 5.82 5.88 5.94 6 6.06 6.12 6.18 6.24 6.3 6.36 6.42 6.48 6.54 6.6 6.66 6.72 6.78 6.84 6.9 6.96 7.02

14.8 14.9 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.6 15.7 15.8 15.9 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 16.6 16.7 16.8 16.9 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 17.6 17.7 17.8 17.9 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 18.6 18.7 18.8 18.9 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4

7.08 7.14 7.2 7.26 7.32 7.38 7.44 7.5 7.56 7.62 7.68 7.74 7.8 7.86 7.92 7.98 8.04 8.1 8.16 8.22 8.28 8.34 8.4 8.46 8.52 8.58 8.64 8.7 8.76 8.82 8.88 8.94 9 9.06 9.12 9.18 9.24 9.3 9.36 9.42 9.48 9.54 9.6 9.66 9.72 9.78 9.84

19.5 19.6 19.7 19.8 19.9 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 20.5 20.6 20.7 20.8 20.9 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.6 21.7 21.8 21.9 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 22.5 22.6 22.7 22.8 22.9 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.5 23.6 23.7 23.8 23.9 24.0 24.1

9.9 9.96 10.02 10.08 10.14 10.2 10.26 10.32 10.38 10.44 10.5 10.56 10.62 10.68 10.74 10.8 10.86 10.92 10.98 11.04 11.1 11.16 11.22 11.28 11.34 11.4 11.46 11.52 11.58 11.64 11.7 11.76 11.82 11.88 11.94 12 12.06 12.12 12.18 12.24 12.3 12.36 12.42 12.48 12.54 12.6 12.66

24.2 24.3 24.4 24.5 24.6 24.7 24.8 24.9 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.3 25.4 25.5 25.6 25.7 25.8 25.9 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.3 26.4 26.5 26.6 26.7 26.8 26.9 27.0 27.1 27.2 27.3 27.4 27.5 27.6 27.7 27.8 27.9 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 28.5 28.6 28.7 28.8

12.72 12.78 12.84 12.9 12.96 13.02 13.08 13.14 13.2 13.26 13.32 13.38 13.44 13.5 13.56 13.62 13.68 13.74 13.8 13.86 13.92 13.98 14.04 14.1 14.16 14.22 14.28 14.34 14.4 14.46 14.52 14.58 14.64 14.7 14.76 14.82 14.88 14.94 15 15.06 15.12 15.18 15.24 15.3 15.36 15.42 15.48

28.9 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.4 29.5 29.6 29.7 29.8 29.9 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.3 30.4 30.5 30.6 30.7 30.8 30.9 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.3 31.4 31.5 31.6 31.7 31.8 31.9 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.5 32.6 32.7 32.8 32.9 33.0 33.1 33.2 33.3 33.4 33.5

15.54 15.6 15.66 15.72 15.78 15.84 15.9 15.96 16.02 16.08 16.14 16.2 16.26 16.32 16.38 16.44 16.5 16.56 16.62 16.68 16.74 16.8 16.86 16.92 16.98 17.04 17.1 17.16 17.22 17.28 17.34 17.4 17.46 17.52 17.58 17.64 17.7 17.76 17.82 17.88 17.94 18 18.06 18.12 18.18 18.24 18.3

33.6 33.7 33.8 33.9 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.3 34.4 34.5 34.6 34.7 34.8 34.9 35.0 35.1 35.2 35.3 35.4 35.5 35.6 35.7 35.8 35.9 36.0 36.1 36.2 36.3 36.4 36.5 36.6 36.7 36.8 36.9 37.0 37.1 37.2 37.3 37.4 37.5 37.6 37.7 37.8 37.9 38.0 38.1 38.2

18.36 18.42 18.48 18.54 18.6 18.66 18.72 18.78 18.84 18.9 18.96 19.02 19.08 19.14 19.2 19.26 19.32 19.38 19.44 19.5 19.56 19.62 19.68 19.74 19.8 19.86 19.92 19.98 20.04 20.1 20.16 20.22 20.28 20.34 20.4 20.46 20.52 20.58 20.64 20.7 20.76 20.82 20.88 20.94 21 21.06 21.12

38.3 38.4 38.5 38.6 38.7 38.8 38.9 39.0 39.1 39.2 39.3 39.4 39.5 39.6 39.7 39.8 39.9 40.0 40.1 40.2 40.3 40.4 40.5 40.6 40.7 40.8 40.9 41.0 41.1 41.2 41.3 41.4 41.5 41.6 41.7 41.8 41.9 42.0 42.1 42.2 42.3 42.4 42.5 42.6 42.7 42.8 42.9

21.18 21.24 21.3 21.36 21.42 21.48 21.54 21.6 21.66 21.72 21.78 21.84 21.9 21.96 22.02 22.08 22.14 22.2 22.26 22.32 22.38 22.44 22.5 22.56 22.62 22.68 22.74 22.8 22.86 22.92 22.98 23.04 23.1 23.16 23.22 23.28 23.34 23.4 23.46 23.52 23.58 23.64 23.7 23.76 23.82 23.88 23.94

43.0 43.1 43.2 43.3 43.4 43.5 43.6 43.7 43.8 43.9 44.0 44.1 44.2 44.3 44.4 44.5 44.6 44.7 44.8 44.9 45.0 45.1 45.2 45.3 45.4 45.5 45.6 45.7 45.8 45.9 46.0 46.1 46.2 46.3 46.4 46.5 46.6 46.7 46.8 46.9 47.0 47.1 47.2 47.3 47.4 47.5 47.6

24 24.06 24.12 24.18 24.24 24.3 24.36 24.42 24.48 24.54 24.6 24.66 24.72 24.78 24.84 24.9 24.96 25.02 25.08 25.14 25.2 25.26 25.32 25.38 25.44 25.5 25.56 25.62 25.68 25.74 25.8 25.86 25.92 25.98 26.04 26.1 26.16 26.22 26.28 26.34 26.4 26.46 26.52 26.58 26.64 26.7 26.76

47.7 47.8 47.9 48.0 48.1 48.2 48.3 48.4 48.5 48.6 48.7 48.8 48.9 49.0 49.1 49.2 49.3 49.4 49.5 49.6 49.7 49.8 49.9 50.0

26.82 26.88 26.94 27 27.06 27.12 27.18 27.24 27.3 27.36 27.42 27.48 27.54 27.6 27.66 27.72 27.78 27.84 27.9 27.96 28.02 28.08 28.14 28.2

20.0

20.0

25.0

25.0

Blank Sheet for User Calculations