UTRAN Optimisation Process

Agenda
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Introduction and Objectives Optimisation Phases Overview Single Site Verification RF Optimisation Services Testing & Parameters Optimisation Regular Reference Routes & Stats Analysis Summary

Introduction & Objectives

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To provide an overview of the overall optimisation process

To introduce the different optimisation phases of a 3G Radio Network

To prepare for more in-depth discussions of various optimisation topics

Agenda

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Introduction and Objectives Optimisation Phases Overview Single Site Verification RF Optimisation Services Testing & Parameters Optimisation Regular Reference Routes & Stats Analysis Summary

Optimisation Approach Overview (1/3)

[1] Single Site Verification:
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Every new site is tested and verified to be functioning properly Any installation or parameter errors must be rectified.

[2] RF Optimisation:
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Once clusters of sites are ready, RF Optimisation can be started in order to optimise coverage and minimise interference and pilot pollution.

All RF-related failures or drop calls must be resolved.

Optimisation Approach Overview (2/3)

[3] Services Testing & Parameter Optimisation:
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Comprehensive services testing should be carried out in areas of good coverage to determine system performance

Causes of any failures must be identified and whenever necessary relevant parameters should be optimised.

[4] Regular Reference Routes & Stats Analysis:

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Regular testing & stats analysis will be needed to identify and resolve any new issues as a result of (e.g. increased traffic).

Optimisation Approach Overview (3/3)

New Sites Integrated

Single Site Verification

Cluster of sites ready? Yes

No

RF Optimisation Services Testing &

Parameter Optimisation

Regular Reference Route Testing & Stats Analysis

Yes

Re-optimisation Needed?

No

Agenda
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Introduction and Objectives Optimisation Phases Overview Single Site Verification RF Optimisation Services Testing & Parameters Optimisation Regular Reference Routes & Stats Analysis Summary

Single Site Verification (1/3)

New Sites Integrated

Single Site Verification

Cluster of sites ready? Yes

No

RF Optimisation Services Testing &

Parameter Optimisation

Regular Reference Route Testing & Stats Analysis

Yes

Re-optimisation Needed?

No

Single Site Verifications (2/3)

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Objectives:

1. Verify Coverage (RSCP & Ec/Io) 2. Verify scrambling codes 3. Verify no installation faults 4. Make test calls

Tools:

Scanner + UE

Process:

A detailed check list of various tests must be conducted. Tests will include: call setups, reselection, handover, LA/RA update, PS attach & detach, PDP activation, etc.

If unusual low signal strength should check wrong feeder connection (Tx/Rx main antenna, Rx diversity antenna), etc.

Single Site Verifications (3/3)

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An example Check list

Site Checklist
Site ID: New Site: Site Expansion: Site Migration: Others: No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Idle Mode Reminder Data Base Update Mapinfo Update

Site Name: Site Connected to RNC: Site Expanded from: Site Migrated from RNC: Activity/Process New

To: To RNC: Expansion Migration Others Remarks

Frequency and Scrambling Code correctly defined Cell selection and reselection parameters are as planned ( SIB 3 ) The LAC/RAC is correctly defined ( SIB 1 ) The neighbor list and parameters are as planned ( SIB 11 ) LA update proceduce is checked Cell reselection from 3G to 2G is checked Cell reselection from 2G to 3G is checked MO-SMS and MT-SMS CPICH_RSCP > -85 dBm near site CPICH_EcIo > -8 dB near site Mobile terminating calls and mobile originating calls for voice service is checked The voice service quality is good by the engineer feeling Mobile terminating calls and mobile originating calls for VP service is checked The VP service quality is good by the engineer feeling PS attach is checked PS detach is checked PS PDP activation and deactivation is checked The PS service quality is good by the engineer feeling RA update proceduce is checked Soft handover for voice service to and from the 3G cells checked OK Soft handover for VP service to and from the 3G cells checked OK Soft handover for PS service to and from the 3G cells checked OK Inter-system handover for voice service to the 2G cells checked OK Installed antenna is of the planned type Overall performance and coverage area as expected by a brief drive test Antenna Swapping Test

Gen

Handover

PS

Connection Mode

Remarks (Further comments): Checked by: 1-Name/Designation: 2-Name/Designation:

Notes: If the item is OK, mark the '!' on the '

Signature: Signature:
'; If the item is not OK, mark the '"' on the '

Data: Data:
'; If the item is not checked, mark the '#' on the ' '.

Agenda
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Introduction and Objectives Optimisation Phases Overview Single Site Verification RF Optimisation Services Testing & Parameters Optimisation Regular Reference Routes & Stats Analysis Summary

RF Optimisation
New Sites Integrated

Single Site Verification

Cluster of sites ready? Yes

No

RF Optimisation
Services Testing &
Parameter Optimisation

Regular Reference Route Testing & Stats Analysis

Yes

Re-optimisation Needed?

No

RF Optimisation Intro (1/2)

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Objectives:

1. Optimize CPICH and service coverage & cell dominance 2. Minimize interference & pilot pollution 3. Optimize neighbor list 4. Resolve any RF-related drop calls

Tools:

Scanner + UE with logging tool

Process:

Drive survey with a UE initially in a continuous AMR call. Drop calls should be analyzed to determine if the causes are RF related.

Solutions:

Neighbor list modification Antenna tilt and/or azimuth changes.

RF Optimisation Intro (2/2)

Start

Process Flow:
Drive Test Identify any RF Issues Identify candidate cells for changes Identify nature of required changes

Data Analysis

Determine amount of change Implement changes Repeat Drive Test

No

Problem Resolved? Yes End

RF Optimisation Analysis (1/8)

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Analysis Approach: Various plots from UE and scanner need to be analysed:

Cell Dominance (best serving cell plots) Down Link Coverage (CPICH RSCP & Ec/Io plots) Uplink Coverage (UE Tx power plots) Pilot Pollution (Pilot pollution table & Estimated Active set size) Neighbour list verification SHO Performance Drop Calls

RF Optimisation Analysis (2/8)

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Analysis of Cell Dominance:

To identify:
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Cells with no or poor dominance

Cells with excessive dominance

Best server differences between scanner & UE

Scrambling Code plot of best serving cells

RF Optimisation Analysis (3/8)

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Analysis of DL CPICH Coverage:

To identify:
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Areas of poor coverage (i.e. poor RSCP & Ec/Io) Areas of high interference (i.e. high RSCP but low Ec/Io)

CPICH Ec/Io Plot

CPICH RSCP Plot

RF Optimisation Analysis (4/8)

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Analysis of UL Coverage:

To identify:
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Uplink coverage limitation (i.e. UE reaching max Tx power)

UE Tx power.

RF Optimisation Analysis (5/8)

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Analysis of Pilot Pollution:

To identify:
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Cells causing pilot pollution

Locations where there are too many soft handoff candidates

SC 8 9 10 11 12 13 16 17 18 19 20 21 32 35 37 43 48 53 67 80 130

Count 206 165 157 156 148 135 95 94 76 74 73 56 54 39 33 19 8 7 3 2 2

% in Pollution Set 12.9% 10.3% 9.8% 9.7% 9.2% 8.4% 5.9% 5.9% 4.7% 4.6% 4.6% 3.5% 3.4% 2.4% 2.1% 1.2% 0.5% 0.4% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1%

Pilot pollution results

Estimated active set size from scanner data.

RF Optimisation Analysis (6/8)

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Analysis of Neighbour List:

SC Cell
70548

Site
Ajman Central

Latitude
25.41204

Longitude
55.447

To identify:
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Sample Sample Action Nbr SC Count Count

576 Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Add Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Remove Remove Remove Remove Remove Remove 018 010 016 032 011 130 021 008 020 012 017 053 019 034 037 013 051 82 46 31 20 18 17 17 12 6 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 0

%
14.2% 8.0% 5.4% 3.5% 3.1% 3.0% 3.0% 2.1% 1.0% 0.9% 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

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Any missing neighbours though analysis scanner data & RNC neighbour list

Any missing neighbours causing drop calls

Any unnecessary neighbours.

Neighbour list verification.

RF Optimisation Analysis (7/8)

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Analysis of SHO Performance:

Number of Active Set Updates
Event Count Event 1a - Cell Addition 328 Event 1b - Cell Removal 306 Event 1c - Cell Replacement 64

To determine soft hand off success rate.

Number of Active Set Update Completes

Event Count Event 1a - Cell Addition 326 Event 1b - Cell Removal 305 Event 1c - Cell Replacement 62

Soft-Handover Success Rate

Event Rate Event 1a - Cell Addition 99.4 Event 1b - Cell Removal 99.7 Event 1c - Cell Replacement 96.9

Scrambling Code plot of best serving cells

RF Optimisation Analysis (8/8)

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Analysis of Drop Calls:

Exact cause of the drop calls

To identify:
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Drop calls

RF Optimisation Solutions
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Antenna Optimisation: (in order of priority)

Antenna tilt Antenna azimuth Antenna location Antenna height Antenna type Site location New site

Neighbour List Optimisation: (in order of priority)

Add missing neighbors Remove unnecessary neighbors

RF Optimisation Process Summary

Analysis
Drive test data (scanner + UE)

Dominance CPICH Coverage DL Interference

Best server scrambling code CPICH RSCP & Ec/Io CPICH Ec/Io UE Tx power Scanner vs. RNC neighbours Scanner active set size Causes analysis

Antenna & Site Optimisation Neighbour List tuning

Neighbour list

UL Coverage Neighbour List

Thresholds & KPIs

Pilot Pollution Drop calls

Agenda
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Introduction and Objectives Optimisation Phases Overview Single Site Verification RF Optimisation Services Testing & Parameters Optimisation Regular Reference Routes & Stats Analysis Summary

Services Testing & Parameter Optimisation (1/6)

New Sites Integrated

Single Site Verification

Cluster of sites ready? Yes

No

RF Optimisation Services Testing & Parameter Optimisation Regular Reference Route Testing & Stats Analysis
Yes

Re-optimisation Needed?

No

Services Testing & Parameter Optimisation (2/6)

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Once RF optimisation is completed detailed testing of CS and PS services should be completed

During testing, end-to-end logs should be collected (i.e. UE as well as RAN & when necessary CN)

Any failures (e.g. call set-up, drop calls, etc) MUST be analysed to determine exact causes

Any system defects must be raised to Technical Support for resolution

Appropriate

parameters

should

be

identified

for

possible optimisation to resolve failures or to reduce impact of any system defects

Services Testing & Parameter Optimisation (4/6)

Services Testing
Determine (Non-RF) Failure Causes
Yes

100 % Success Rate? No System Defect? No Yes Yes

Raise Defect

Improve via Parameters? No End

Optimise Parameters

Services Testing & Parameter Optimisation (4/6)

Basic Parameters Optimisation Steps:

Identify candidate parameters Identify various trade-offs Decide on suitable metrics for analysis of results Decide on parameter ranges to be tested Define test cases and drive routes including various

environments & clutter

Execute tests Perform detailed analysis (logs as well as network stats) Conclude parameters values that provide optimum trade-offs

Services Testing & Parameter Optimisation (5/6)

Candidate Parameters

Clutter & Environment factors

Define Test Cases & select drive routes

Parameters Ranges

Perform Tests
Trade Offs

Analysis Metrics

Data Analysis & Conclusions

Services Testing & Parameter Optimisation (6/6)

Potential Parameter Optimisation Candidates:

Reselection parameters Handover parameters Power control parameters Admission and congestion control Common control channel powers Etc.

Agenda
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Introduction and Objectives Optimisation Phases Overview Single Site Verification RF Optimisation Services Testing & Parameters Optimisation Regular Reference Routes & Stats Analysis Summary

Regular Testing & Stats Analysis (1/4)

New Sites Integrated

Single Site Verification

Cluster of sites ready? Yes

No

RF Optimisation Services Testing & Parameter Optimisation Regular Reference Route Testing & Stats Analysis
Yes

Re-optimisation Needed?

No

Regular Testing & Stats Analysis (2/4)

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Optimisation is an on-going activity and as a result:

Regular drive tests of designated routes should be carried out (e.g. on monthly basis)

Routine analysis of network stats to identify any reduction in network performance

Regular Testing & Stats Analysis (3/4)

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Regular Drive Testing- Objectives:

To benchmark network performance and user experience (e.g. call setup SR, call drop rate, PS throughputs, etc)

To identify any degradation in coverage and/or increase in interference as a result of increased traffic or changes in environment

To assess impact of newly introduced RAN features. To monitor the progress of on-going optimisation activities.

Regular Testing & Stats Analysis (4/4)

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Routine Network Stats analysis - Objectives:

To benchmark network performance, particularly during the busy hour.

To monitor traffic volumes and patterns as well as traffic profiles (i.e. mix of services).

To assess impact of parameter changes as part of parameter optimisation exercises.

To identify poorly performing cells that need investigation to establish underlying cause of poor performance.

To provide triggers for network upgrade decisions.

Agenda
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Introduction and Objectives Optimisation Phases Overview Single Site Verification RF Optimisation Services Testing & Parameters Optimisation Regular Reference Routes & Stats Analysis Summary

Optimisation Approach Overview

New Sites Integrated

Single Site Verification

Cluster of sites ready? Yes

No

RF Optimisation Services Testing &

Parameter Optimisation

Regular Reference Route Testing & Stats Analysis

Yes

Re-optimisation Needed?

No

Thank you!