K12 For Timber Designers' Manuel by Me

It follows : 17.
2 TIMBER STRESS GRADES FOR GLULAM COLUMNS
= EMEAN
=
c,par
X K20
10800 X
1.07 = 11556
= grade x K3
X K17
7.9 X
1X
1.04 =
8.216
7.9 X
1.25 X
1.04 =
10.27
7.9 X
1.5 X
1.04 = 12.324
7.9 X
1.75 X
1.04 = 14.378
E/c,par =
11556 /
8.22 =
1407
11556 /
10.3 =
1125
11556 /
12.3 =
937.7
11556 /
14.4 =
803.7
FOR SERVICE CLASS 3

E
= EMEAN
=
c,par
X K2
10800 X
X K20
0.8 X
= grade x K2
1.07 = 9244.8
X K3
X K17
7.9 X
0.6 X
1X
1.04 =
4.9296
7.9 X
0.6 X
1.25 X
1.04 =
6.162
7.9 X
0.6 X
1.5 X
1.04 =
7.3944
7.9 X
0.6 X
1.75 X
1.04 =
8.6268
E/c,par =
9244.8 /
4.93 =
1875
9244.8 /
6.16 =
1500
9244.8 /
7.39 =
1250
9244.8 /
8.63 =
1072
TABLE 15.1 DETAMINATION OF E/ FOR SERVICES CLASSES 1 AND 2 AND 3
Long
c//g
E
C14
C16
C18
C22
C24
TR26
C27
Kempas
Teak
4600
5800
6000
6500
7200
7400
8200
16000
7400
E/c//g
5.2
6.8
7.1
7.5
7.9
8.2
8.2
19.4
13.4
885
853
845
867
911
902
1000
825
552
Long
c//g
E
C14
C16
C18
C22
C24
TR26
C27
Kempas
Teak
3680
4640
4800
5200
5760
5920
6560
12800
5920
3.12
4.08
4.26
4.5
4.74
4.92
4.92
11.64
8.04
SERVICE CLASSES 1 AND 2

Medium
Short
c//g
E/c//g
c//g
E/c//g
E/c//g
6.5
8.5
8.875
9.375
9.875
10.25
10.25
24.25
16.75
708
682
676
693
729
722
800
660
442
7.8
10.2
10.65
11.25
11.85
12.3
12.3
29.1
20.1
590
569
563
578
608
602
667
550
368
SERVICE CLASSES 1 AND 3

Medium
Short
c//g
E/c//g
c//g
E/c//g
1179
1137
1127
1156
1215
1203
1333
1100
736
3.9
5.1
5.325
5.625
5.925
6.15
6.15
14.55
10.05
944
910
901
924
972
963
1067
880
589
4.68
6.12
6.39
6.75
7.11
7.38
7.38
17.46
12.06
786
758
751
770
810
802
889
733
491
Very Short
c//g
9.1
11.9
12.425
13.125
13.825
14.35
14.35
33.95
23.45
Very Short
c//g
5.46
7.14
7.455
7.875
8.295
8.61
8.61
20.37
14.07
Very Short
E/c//g
505
487
483
495
521
516
571
471
316
Very Short
E/c//g
674
650
644
660
694
688
762
628
421
K12 and Euler Stress Value FOR C24 glulam

Service Classes 1 and 2
Service Classes 3
Euler
Medium Short
Very Short
Long
Medium
Stress
Long
E/c,par
1,407
1,125
938
804
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
205
0.976
0.952
0.929
0.906
0.883
0.859
0.836
0.811
0.786
0.761
0.734
0.707
0.680
0.652
0.624
0.595
0.567
0.540
0.513
0.487
0.462
0.438
0.415
0.393
0.373
0.353
0.335
0.318
0.302
0.287
0.273
0.260
0.248
0.236
0.225
0.215
0.206
0.197
0.188
0.181
0.173
0.976
0.952
0.928
0.905
0.881
0.857
0.831
0.805
0.778
0.749
0.720
0.689
0.658
0.626
0.594
0.562
0.531
0.501
0.472
0.445
0.418
0.394
0.371
0.349
0.329
0.310
0.293
0.277
0.262
0.248
0.235
0.223
0.212
0.201
0.192
0.183
0.174
0.166
0.159
0.152
0.146
0.976
0.952
0.928
0.904
0.879
0.854
0.827
0.799
0.769
0.737
0.704
0.670
0.635
0.600
0.564
0.530
0.496
0.465
0.434
0.406
0.380
0.355
0.333
0.312
0.293
0.275
0.259
0.244
0.230
0.217
0.205
0.195
0.184
0.175
0.166
0.158
0.151
0.144
0.137
0.131
0.125
0.975
0.952
0.928
0.903
0.878
0.851
0.822
0.792
0.759
0.725
0.688
0.650
0.612
0.573
0.535
0.498
0.464
0.431
0.400
0.372
0.346
0.323
0.301
0.281
0.263
0.247
0.231
0.217
0.205
0.193
0.182
0.172
0.163
0.155
0.147
0.140
0.133
0.126
0.121
0.115
0.110
(N/mm2)
4566
1141
507
285
183
127
93
71
56
46
38
32
27
23
20
18
16
14
13
11
10
9
9
8
7
7
6
6
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
1,875
0.976
0.952
0.929
0.907
0.884
0.862
0.840
0.817
0.794
0.771
0.748
0.724
0.701
0.676
0.652
0.628
0.604
0.579
0.556
0.532
0.509
0.487
0.466
0.445
0.425
0.406
0.388
0.370
0.354
0.338
0.324
0.309
0.296
0.284
0.272
0.260
0.250
0.240
0.230
0.221
0.213
1,500
0.976
0.952
0.929
0.906
0.883
0.860
0.837
0.813
0.788
0.763
0.738
0.712
0.685
0.658
0.631
0.604
0.576
0.550
0.523
0.498
0.473
0.450
0.427
0.405
0.385
0.366
0.347
0.330
0.314
0.299
0.284
0.271
0.259
0.247
0.236
0.225
0.215
0.206
0.197
0.189
0.182
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
0.166
0.159
0.153
0.147
0.142
0.137
0.132
0.127
0.122
0.139
0.134
0.128
0.123
0.118
0.114
0.110
0.106
0.102
0.120
0.115
0.110
0.106
0.102
0.098
0.094
0.090
0.087
0.105
0.101
0.097
0.093
0.089
0.085
0.082
0.079
0.076
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
0.204
0.197
0.190
0.183
0.176
0.170
0.164
0.158
0.153
0.174
0.167
0.161
0.155
0.149
0.144
0.138
0.134
0.129
lam
Service Classes 3
Short
1,250
0.976
0.952
0.929
0.905
0.882
0.858
0.833
0.808
0.782
0.755
0.727
0.698
0.669
0.639
0.609
0.579
0.549
0.520
0.492
0.465
0.439
0.415
0.392
0.370
0.350
0.331
0.313
0.296
0.281
0.266
0.253
0.240
0.229
0.218
0.207
0.198
0.189
0.180
0.173
0.165
0.158
Very Short
1,072
0.976
0.952
0.928
0.905
0.881
0.856
0.830
0.804
0.776
0.746
0.716
0.684
0.652
0.619
0.587
0.554
0.522
0.492
0.462
0.435
0.408
0.384
0.361
0.339
0.319
0.301
0.284
0.268
0.253
0.240
0.227
0.215
0.204
0.194
0.185
0.176
0.168
0.160
0.153
0.146
0.140
Euler
Stress
(N/mm2)
3653
913
406
228
146
101
75
57
45
37
30
25
22
19
16
14
13
11
10
9
8
8
7
6
6
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
0.152
0.146
0.140
0.134
0.129
0.124
0.120
0.115
0.111
0.134
0.128
0.123
0.118
0.114
0.109
0.105
0.101
0.098
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
K12 FOR KEMPUS

Euler
Medium Short
Very Short
Long
Stress
Long
E/c,par
825
660
550
471
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
205
0.976
0.952
0.928
0.903
0.878
0.851
0.823
0.793
0.761
0.727
0.691
0.654
0.616
0.578
0.540
0.504
0.469
0.437
0.406
0.378
0.352
0.328
0.306
0.286
0.268
0.251
0.236
0.222
0.209
0.197
0.186
0.176
0.167
0.158
0.150
0.143
0.136
0.129
0.123
0.118
0.112
0.975
0.951
0.927
0.902
0.875
0.846
0.815
0.781
0.744
0.704
0.662
0.619
0.575
0.533
0.492
0.454
0.418
0.385
0.355
0.328
0.304
0.282
0.262
0.243
0.227
0.212
0.199
0.186
0.175
0.165
0.155
0.146
0.138
0.131
0.124
0.118
0.112
0.107
0.102
0.097
0.093
0.975
0.951
0.926
0.900
0.872
0.841
0.806
0.768
0.725
0.680
0.632
0.583
0.536
0.490
0.448
0.409
0.374
0.342
0.314
0.289
0.266
0.246
0.227
0.211
0.196
0.183
0.171
0.160
0.150
0.141
0.133
0.125
0.118
0.112
0.106
0.101
0.095
0.091
0.086
0.082
0.079
0.975
0.951
0.926
0.898
0.868
0.835
0.797
0.754
0.706
0.654
0.601
0.548
0.498
0.451
0.409
0.371
0.337
0.307
0.280
0.257
0.236
0.217
0.201
0.186
0.173
0.161
0.150
0.140
0.131
0.123
0.116
0.109
0.103
0.098
0.092
0.088
0.083
0.079
0.075
0.072
0.068
(N/mm2)
6322
1580
702
395
253
176
129
99
78
63
52
44
37
32
28
25
22
20
18
16
14
13
12
11
10
9
9
8
8
7
7
6
6
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
Service Classes 3
Medium
1,100
0.976
0.952
0.928
0.905
0.881
0.856
0.831
0.804
0.777
0.748
0.718
0.687
0.655
0.623
0.591
0.559
0.527
0.497
0.468
0.440
0.414
0.389
0.366
0.344
0.324
0.306
0.289
0.273
0.258
0.244
0.231
0.219
0.208
0.198
0.188
0.179
0.171
0.163
0.156
0.149
0.143
880
0.976
0.952
0.928
0.904
0.879
0.853
0.825
0.796
0.765
0.732
0.698
0.662
0.626
0.589
0.553
0.517
0.483
0.451
0.421
0.392
0.366
0.342
0.320
0.299
0.280
0.263
0.247
0.233
0.219
0.207
0.196
0.185
0.175
0.166
0.158
0.150
0.143
0.136
0.130
0.124
0.119
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
0.108
0.103
0.099
0.095
0.091
0.087
0.084
0.081
0.078
0.088
0.085
0.081
0.078
0.075
0.072
0.069
0.066
0.064
0.075
0.072
0.069
0.066
0.063
0.061
0.058
0.056
0.054
0.065
0.062
0.060
0.057
0.055
0.053
0.050
0.048
0.047
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
0.137
0.131
0.126
0.121
0.116
0.112
0.108
0.104
0.100
0.114
0.109
0.104
0.100
0.096
0.092
0.089
0.085
0.082
320.1
0.049
0.040
0.033
0.029
0.063
0.052
121.9
0.279
0.237
0.205
0.181
11
0.336
0.292
130.8
0.249
0.210
0.181
0.159
0.303
0.261
178.1
0.145
0.120
0.103
0.089
0.183
0.153
346.5
0.042
0.034
0.029
0.025
0.054
0.044
166.3
0.164
0.137
0.117
0.102
0.206
0.173
436
0.027
0.022
0.018
0.016
0.035
0.029
Service Classes 3
Short
733
0.975
0.951
0.927
0.902
0.876
0.849
0.819
0.787
0.753
0.716
0.677
0.637
0.596
0.555
0.516
0.478
0.443
0.410
0.380
0.352
0.326
0.303
0.282
0.263
0.246
0.230
0.216
0.203
0.190
0.179
0.169
0.160
0.151
0.143
0.136
0.129
0.123
0.117
0.111
0.106
0.102
Very Short
628
0.975
0.951
0.927
0.901
0.874
0.845
0.813
0.778
0.739
0.698
0.655
0.610
0.565
0.522
0.480
0.442
0.406
0.374
0.344
0.318
0.293
0.272
0.252
0.235
0.219
0.204
0.191
0.179
0.168
0.158
0.149
0.140
0.133
0.126
0.119
0.113
0.107
0.102
0.097
0.093
0.089
Euler
Stress
(N/mm2)
5057
1264
562
316
202
140
103
79
62
51
42
35
30
26
22
20
17
16
14
13
11
10
10
9
8
7
7
6
6
6
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
0.097
0.093
0.089
0.085
0.082
0.079
0.076
0.073
0.070
0.085
0.081
0.078
0.074
0.071
0.068
0.066
0.063
0.061
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
0.044
0.038
0.256
0.228
0.228
0.202
0.132
0.115
0.037
0.032
0.149
0.131
0.024
0.021
K12 FOR TEAK

Euler
Medium Short
Very Short
Long
Stress
Long
E/c,par
552
442
368
316
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
205
0.975
0.951
0.926
0.900
0.872
0.841
0.806
0.768
0.726
0.680
0.633
0.584
0.537
0.491
0.449
0.410
0.375
0.343
0.315
0.290
0.267
0.246
0.228
0.212
0.197
0.184
0.172
0.161
0.151
0.142
0.133
0.126
0.119
0.112
0.106
0.101
0.096
0.091
0.087
0.083
0.079
0.975
0.951
0.925
0.898
0.867
0.832
0.792
0.747
0.696
0.642
0.587
0.532
0.481
0.434
0.392
0.355
0.322
0.292
0.267
0.244
0.224
0.206
0.190
0.176
0.163
0.152
0.142
0.133
0.124
0.117
0.110
0.103
0.097
0.092
0.087
0.083
0.078
0.074
0.071
0.067
0.064
0.975
0.951
0.924
0.895
0.862
0.822
0.776
0.723
0.664
0.602
0.541
0.484
0.432
0.386
0.346
0.311
0.280
0.254
0.230
0.210
0.192
0.177
0.163
0.150
0.139
0.130
0.121
0.113
0.105
0.099
0.093
0.087
0.082
0.078
0.074
0.070
0.066
0.063
0.060
0.057
0.054
0.975
0.950
0.923
0.892
0.856
0.812
0.759
0.698
0.631
0.563
0.499
0.441
0.390
0.346
0.308
0.275
0.247
0.223
0.202
0.184
0.168
0.154
0.142
0.131
0.121
0.113
0.105
0.098
0.092
0.086
0.081
0.076
0.071
0.067
0.064
0.060
0.057
0.054
0.052
0.049
0.047
(N/mm2)
4566
1141
507
285
183
127
93
71
56
46
38
32
27
23
20
18
16
14
13
11
10
9
9
8
7
7
6
6
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
Service Classes 3
Medium
736
0.975
0.951
0.927
0.902
0.876
0.849
0.819
0.787
0.753
0.716
0.677
0.637
0.596
0.556
0.517
0.479
0.444
0.411
0.381
0.353
0.327
0.304
0.283
0.264
0.247
0.231
0.216
0.203
0.191
0.180
0.170
0.160
0.152
0.144
0.136
0.130
0.123
0.117
0.112
0.107
0.102
589
0.975
0.951
0.927
0.901
0.873
0.843
0.810
0.773
0.733
0.690
0.644
0.598
0.551
0.507
0.465
0.426
0.391
0.358
0.329
0.303
0.280
0.259
0.240
0.223
0.208
0.194
0.181
0.170
0.159
0.150
0.141
0.133
0.126
0.119
0.113
0.107
0.101
0.097
0.092
0.088
0.084
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
0.075
0.072
0.069
0.066
0.063
0.061
0.058
0.056
0.054
0.061
0.059
0.056
0.054
0.052
0.049
0.047
0.046
0.044
0.052
0.050
0.047
0.045
0.043
0.042
0.040
0.038
0.037
0.045
0.043
0.041
0.039
0.038
0.036
0.035
0.033
0.032
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
0.097
0.093
0.089
0.086
0.082
0.079
0.076
0.073
0.070
0.080
0.076
0.073
0.070
0.067
0.065
0.062
0.060
0.057
Service Classes 3
Short
491
0.975
0.951
0.926
0.899
0.869
0.836
0.799
0.758
0.711
0.661
0.610
0.558
0.508
0.462
0.419
0.381
0.347
0.316
0.289
0.265
0.244
0.225
0.208
0.192
0.179
0.166
0.155
0.145
0.136
0.128
0.120
0.113
0.107
0.101
0.096
0.091
0.086
0.082
0.078
0.074
0.071
Very Short
421
0.975
0.951
0.925
0.897
0.866
0.830
0.788
0.741
0.688
0.632
0.575
0.520
0.468
0.421
0.380
0.343
0.310
0.282
0.257
0.235
0.215
0.198
0.183
0.169
0.157
0.146
0.136
0.127
0.119
0.112
0.105
0.099
0.093
0.088
0.083
0.079
0.075
0.071
0.068
0.064
0.062
Euler
Stress
(N/mm2)
3653
913
406
228
146
101
75
57
45
37
30
25
22
19
16
14
13
11
10
9
8
8
7
6
6
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
0.068
0.065
0.062
0.059
0.057
0.055
0.052
0.050
0.048
0.059
0.056
0.054
0.051
0.049
0.047
0.045
0.044
0.042
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
UDL on Member
0.44 kN/m
Axial Loading on Member

=
3453.262384
Length of Member
Moment on Member
1.173942 kN m
Trail section
50
1.30E+05
m,a =
9.02E+00
c,a =
0.552521981
320.0829892
128.0331957
320.0829892
K12
K3
1.25
c,g =
19.4
c,adm =
0.960501021
4.62 m
125
0.03960829 For Medium
Check for very short term condition
K3 =
1.75
K12 =
0.028850779
c,adm =
0.979483934
c,a =
0.552521981
K7
1.10109106
For =
320.083
m,g =
19.3
m,adm =
37.18935056
m,a =
9.02E+00
Euler Critical Stress

e =
2
2 N/mm
Euler Co-efficient Keu
0.984499194
Interaction Formula
0.246248674
0.821492187
0.575244
UDL on Member
0.44 kN/m

=
2065.0652
Length of Member
Moment on Member
0.170368 kN m
Trail section
50
1.30E+05
m,a =
1.31E+00
c,a =
0.330410432
121.9363769
48.77455074
121.9363769
K12
K3
1.25
c,g =
19.4
c,adm =
5.74492303
1.76 m
125
K3 =
1.75
K12 =
0.180663873
c,adm =
6.133538499
For =
121.9364
c,a =
K7
0.330410432
1.10109106
m,g =
19.3
m,adm =
37.18935056
m,a =
1.31E+00

e =
2
11 N/mm
0.991576092
Interaction Formula
0.035481715
0.09299518
0.057513
UDL on Member
0.44 kN/m

=
3453.262384
Length of Member
Moment on Member
1.173942 kN m
Trail section
50
1.30E+05
m,a =
9.02E+00
c,a =
0.552521981
320.0829892
128.0331957
320.0829892
K12
K3
1.25
c,g =
19.4
c,adm =
0.960501021
4.62 m
125
K3 =
1.75
K12 =
0.028850779
c,adm =
0.979483934
For =
320.083
c,a =
K7
0.552521981
1.10109106
m,g =
19.3
m,adm =
37.18935056
m,a =
9.02E+00

e =
2
2 N/mm
0.984499194
Interaction Formula
0.246248674
0.821492187
0.575244
Lets check deflection

Reference was made to Ex 5.15 on page No:249 Analysis of Structures Vol-1 By Prof V.N. Vazirani, Dr M.M.Ratwani,
Dr S.K.Duggal
It is illustrated that Bending Moment of Inclind member could be written as in the form of Horizontal
member
Reference was made to Example 4.2 Design of Main Beam from from Structural Timber Design By Abdy Keramani
2470 mm length Span Continuation of Cantilever Portion of 1820 mm is considered
1 Geomatric Properties
Effective span Le =
Spacing of Rafters, JS =
1.82 m
0.4 m
Raft Dimension
Breadth of Section, b =
Depth of section, h =
Cross-sectional area, A =
50 mm
125 mm
bxh
=
Second moment of area Ixx =
6.25E+03
1/12 x b x h3
mm2
8.1E+06
mm4
2 Loading
Dead Load, DL =
Imposed Load, IL =
Total Load, W =
=
-2
0.6 kNm
-2
0.5 kNm
(DL+IL) x JS xLe
0.8008 kN
3 K-Factors
Service class 1 (K2, Table 16) K2
Load Duration(K#, Table 17) K3
Bearing : assume 50 mm, but located>75 mm
from the end of the member (K4, Table 18)
Notch end effect (K5,Clause 2.10.4)
Form factor K6 (K6, Clause 2.10.5)
=
=
1
1 for longterm
=
=
=
1
1 for notch from fig 2(b) of the code
1
Depth factor (K7 Clause 2.10.6) =

K7 =
No Load sharing(K8, Clause 2.9)
K8 =
0.11
(300 mm /h)
1.10109106
1
4 Grade Stress
BS 5268: Part 2, Tables 14
Kempas Grade HS
Bending parallel to grain
m.g.// =
Compression perpenidcular to grain
Shear parallel to grain
c.g.pp =
g.// =
Strength Class
-2
19.3 Nmm
-2
4.3 Nmm no wane
-2
2.3 Nmm
Mean modulus of elasticity, load sharing Emean
19100
Nmm-2
5 Bending stress
Applied bending moment =
=
Section modulus
Zprovided =
W.Le/2
0.728728 kN-m
bh2/6
1.E+05
Applied bending stress =
M/ Zprovided
Nm-2
5.60
Permissible bending stress =
mm
19.3 x K2.K3.K6.K7.K8
21.25105746
Nm-2
6 Lateral stability
BS 5268; Part 2, Clause 2.10.8, and Table 19
Maximum depth to breadth ratio, h/b =
End held in position for h/b=3, No Leteral Support for h/b = 2
2.5
7 Shear stress
Applied shear force from shear force diagram =
N=1290 mm Cantilever portion
N
L= Span length following Cantilever 1750 mm Span L
W(N+L)2 /2Le
=
=
W=
1820 mm
2470 mm
0.44 kN/m =N/mm
2
Applied shear force
Fv = W(N+L) /2Le
( Ref:Example 5.8 pages (233-237) and page 1317 of APPENDIX from Analysis of structure Vol-1 by Prof V.N.Vaziani,
Dr M.M. Ratwani,Dr. S.K.Duggal )
Applied shear force
Fv =
1639.231579 N
Applied shear stress
a =
=
3
2
Fv
b .h
-2
0.393415579 Nmm
Permissible shear stress, no notch =
2.3 x K2.K3.K5.K8
2.3
8 Bearing stress
2
Applied Load from shear force diagram = W(N+L) /2Le

1639.231579 N
Assume bearing width, bw, of 100 mm either side
bw =
Applied bearing stress
c.a.pp =
=
Permissible bearing stress
c.a.pp =
=
Minimum required bearing width =
100
Fv/(b .bw)
3.E-03
4.3 x K2.K3.K4.K8
4.3
Fv/(b . c.a.pp)
9 Deflection
w=
=
L=
=
N=
I=
(DL+IL) x JS kN/m
0.44
2570.019 mm
2.570019 m
1820
1.82 m
Ixx
=
n=
8138020.833 x
N/L
1.E+05
0.708165971
WLe3N
(3n3+4n2-1)
24E I
OR
( Ref: pages (232-233) along with figure 12.16 of Timber Designers' Manuel 3rd Ed by E.C.Ozalton )
Defelection due to Bending m =
Defelection due to Bending m =
7.55 mm
Defelection due to Shearing = (1.2/Gbd)wx.dx

( Ref:page 451 of Analysis of structure Vol-1 by Prof V.N.Vaziani, Dr M.M. Ratwani,Dr. S.K.Duggal )
( Ref:page 272 of Strength of Materials for Civil Engineers 2nd Ed by T.H.G.Megson )
Shear Modulus =Shear stress/Shear strain i.e. say G=(/)
Poissson's ratio ( ) = Lateral strain /Longitudinal strain
E=2G(1+)
G=Emean/16
Also
( Ref:page 18: 2.5.7 Additional Properties of Structural Timber Design by ABDY KERMANI )
Defelection due to Shear s
= (19.2/Ebd)wx.dx
=
=
Total Defelection due to Bending plus Shear T =
( 19 .2) .( M )
(b.h).E
0.117206933
7.67 mm
( Ref:Deflection Limit from page 68 of Structural Engineer's Pocket Book by FIONA COBB )
OR
( Ref:4th line of 1st pargraph from page 232 of Timber Designers' Manuel 3rd Ed by E.C.Ozalton )
Permissible deflection for Cantilevers
adm
=
Le/180
=
10.11 mm
( Ref:page 249-251 of Analysis of structure Vol-1 by Prof V.N.Vaziani, Dr M.M. Ratwani,Dr. S.K.Duggal )
Lets Check with Interaction Formula

UDL on Member
0.44 kN/m

=
512.4862134 N
Horizontal Length of Member X2
2.47 m
Horizontal Length of Cantilever X1
1.82 m
Inclined Length of Member l
2.570019
Inclined Length of Cantilever a
1.887432
Moment on Member
Trail section
=
Z
0.070098719 kN m
50 x 125
1.30E+05
m,a =
0.538358161
c,a =
0.081997794
130.7651248
52.30604992
130.7651248
K12
K3
1.25
c,g =
19.4
c,adm =
5.091086789 >
0.081998
K3 =
1.75
K12 =
0.159048075
c,adm =
5.399682132
c,a =
0.081997794
K7
1.10109106
m,g =
19.3
m,adm =
37.18935056
m,a =
5.38E-01
For =

e =
Euler Co-efficient
Interaction Formula
Keu =
=
=
2
9 N/mm
0.997883411
0.014506843 + 0.016106
0.03061299 <
N. Vazirani, Dr M.M.Ratwani,
as in the form of Horizontal
Design By Abdy Keramani
k5=he/h
for notch from fig 2(b) of the code
Nmm-2 no wane
K2.K3.K6.K7.K8
ure Vol-1 by Prof V.N.Vaziani,
K2.K3.K5.K8
K2.K3.K4.K8
mm3
ABDY KERMANI )
by FIONA COBB )
d Ed by E.C.Ozalton )
atwani,Dr. S.K.Duggal )
O.k
130.7651
O.k
UDL on Member
0.44 kN/m

=
512.4862134 N
Horizontal Length of Member X2
2.47 m
Horizontal Length of Cantilever X1
1.82 m
Inclined Length of Member l
2.570019
Inclined Length of Cantilever a
1.887432
Moment on Member
Trail section
=
Z
0.070098719 kN m
50 x 125
1.30E+05
m,a =
0.538358161
c,a =
0.081997794
178.0561394
71.22245575
178.0561394
K12
K3
1.25
c,g =
19.4
c,adm =
2.918472963 >
0.081998
K3 =
1.75
K12 =
0.089337591
For =
c,adm =
3.033011216
c,a =
0.081997794
K7
1.10109106
m,g =
19.3
m,adm =
37.18935056
m,a =
5.38E-01

2
5 N/mm
e =
0.997795692
Interaction Formula
0.014508118 + 0.028096
0.042604248 <

It follows : Example 4.2 Design of Main Beam from Structural Timber Design By Abdy Keramani
2470 mm length Span Continuation of Cantilever Portion
Effective span =
2.47 m
0.4 m
Raft Dimension
=
=
50 mm
125 mm
bxh
6.25 x
3
1/12 x b x h
1.E+03
4
mm
8.1E+06
2 Loading
Dead Load, DL =
Imposed Load, IL =
Total Load, W =
=
-2
0.6 kNm
-2
0.5 kNm
(DL+IL) x JS xLe
1.0868 kN
3 K-Factors
Service class 1 (K2, Table 16) K2 =

1 for longterm
=
=
=
1
1 for no notch
1

K7 =
Load sharing appies with Purlin(K8, Clause 2.9)K8 =
4 Grade Stress
Kempas Grade HS
m.g.//
c.g.pp
g.//
(300 mm /h)0.11
1.10109106
1.1
Strength Class
-2
19.3 Nmm
-2
4.3 Nmm no wane
-2
2.3 Nmm
-2
Nmm
19100
5 Bending stress
( Ref:Example 5.8 pages (233-237) and page 1317 of APPENDIX from Analysis of structure Vol-1 by Prof V.N.Vaziani, Dr M.M. R
W x (L2-a2)2
8.L2
L=
=
a=
2470
2.47
1820
1.82
mm
m
mm
m
W x (L2-a2)2
8.L2
=
Section modulus
Zprovided
=
=

=
0.070098719 kN-m
bh2/6
1.30E+05
mm3
M/ Zprovided
5.38.E-01
Nm-2
19.3 x K2.K3.K6.K7.K8
-2
23.37616321 Nm
6 Lateral stability
2.5
End held in position and compression edge held in line as by direct connection of sheating, deck or joist
7 Shear stress
N=6'-0" Cantilever portion
L=9'-9" Span following Cantilever
W=
Applied shear force from shear force diagram
Applied shear force =

W(N+L)2 /2Le
0.44 kN/m =N/mm

2
W(N+L) /2Le
5212.730769 N
Applied shear stress =
kN
3
2
Fv
b .h
1.251055385
2.3 x K2.K3.K5.K8
2.53
8 Bearing stress
Applied Load from shear force =
5.213 kN

bw =
c.a.pp =
=
100
Fv/(b .bw)
1.042546154
Permissible shearing stress =

=
4.3 x K2.K3.K4.K8
4.73
9 Deflection
Load Sharing system
E
= Emean
l=
Max Defelection due to Bending at x=(l2-a2)/2l m =
a=
x=
m=x/l =
n=a/l =
m =
(l2-a2)/2l
0.228531856
0.736842105
4
x=
w=
24EI
=
wl (m -2m (1-n )+m(1-2n ))
-0.12 mm
Defelection due toShear s =
( 19 .2) .( M )
(b.h).E
0.01 mm
Total Defelection due toShear plus Bending T =
-0.11 mm
Permissible deflection
adm
=
Le/330 Or 14 mm
=
7.484848485 mm
O.k
178.0561
O.k
mm2
-2
Nmm no wane
structure Vol-1 by Prof V.N.Vaziani, Dr M.M. Ratwani,Dr. S.K.Duggal )
K2.K3.K6.K7.K8
nection of sheating, deck or joist
K2.K3.K5.K8
K2.K3.K4.K8

2.47 m
1.82 m
0.564474 m
0.44 kN/m=N/mm
ok by FIONA COBB )

Effective span =
4.81 m
0.4 m
Raft Dimension
50 mm
150 mm
bxh
=
1/12 x b x h3
1.4E+07
1.E+03 mm
7.5 x
mm4
2 Loading
Dead Load, DL =
Imposed Load, IL =
Total Load, W =
=
-2
0.6 kNm
-2
0.5 kNm
(DL+IL) x JS xLe
2.1164 kN
3 K-Factors
=
=
1
1 for longterm
=
=
=
1
1 for no notch
1

K7 =
4 Grade Stress
Kempas Grade HS
m.g.//
c.g.pp
g.//
(300 mm /h)0.11
1.079228237
1.1
Strength Class
-2
19.3 Nmm
-2
4.3 Nmm no wane
-2
2.3 Nmm
Nmm-2
19100
5 Bending stress
( Ref:Example 5.8 pages (233-237) and page 1317 of APPENDIX from Analysis of structure Vol-1 by Prof V.N.Vaziani, Dr M
2 2
W x (L -a )
8.L2
L=
=
a=
4810
4.81
0
0
2
mm
m
mm
m
2 2
W x (L -a )
8.L2
=
Section modulus
Zprovided
=
=

=
1.2724855 kN-m
bh2/6
mm
1.88E+05
M/ Zprovided
Nm-2
6.79.E+00
19.3 x K2.K3.K6.K7.K8
-2
22.91201546 Nm
6 Lateral stability
3
7 Shear stress
W=


W(N+L)2 /2Le
kN
0.44 kN/m =N/mm

W(N+L)2 /2Le
5212.730769 N
3
2
Fv
b .h
1.042546154
2.3 x K2.K3.K5.K8
2.53
8 Bearing stress
5.213 kN

bw =
c.a.pp =
=
100
Fv/(b .bw)
1.042546154

=
4.3 x K2.K3.K4.K8
4.73
9 Deflection
Load Sharing system
E
= Emean
l=
4.81
a=
0
2 2
x = (l -a )/2l
x=
2.405
m=x/l =
0.5
w=
0.44
n=a/l =
0
m =
wl (m -2m (1-n )+m(1-2n ))

24EI
=
11.42 mm
( 19 .2) .( M )
(b.h).E
0.17 mm
11.59 mm
adm
=
Le/330 Or 14 mm
=
14.57575758 mm

UDL on Member
0.44 kN/m

=
0.55756767 N
Horizontal Length of Member X2 =
4.81 m
Horizontal Length of Cantilever X1 =
0m
Inclined Length of Member l =
5.0013
Inclined Length of Cantilever a =
Moment on Member =
Trail section =
Z
1.2724855 kN m
50 x 150
1.88E+05
m,a =
6.786589333
c,a =
7.43424E-05
346.5002282
115.5000761
346.5002282
K12
K3
1.25
c,g =
19.4
c,adm =
0.824065919 >
7.43E-05
O.k
K3 =
1.75
K12 =
0.089337591
c,adm =
3.033011216
c,a =
7.43424E-05
K7
1.079228237
m,g =
19.3
m,adm =
36.45093369
m,a =
6.79E+00
For =
346.5002

e =
1 N/mm
0.999992432
Interaction Formula
0.186185648 +
0.186275862 <
9.02E-05
1
O.k
Prof V.N.Vaziani, Dr M.M. Ratwani,Dr. S.K.Duggal )
, deck or joist

m
m
m
kN/m=N/mm

Effective span =
2.31 m
0.4 m
Raft Dimension
50 mm
150 mm
bxh
=
1/12 x b x h3
1.4E+07
1.E+03 mm
7.5 x
mm4
2 Loading
Dead Load, DL =
Imposed Load, IL =
Total Load, W =
=
-2
0.6 kNm
-2
0.5 kNm
(DL+IL) x JS xLe
1.0164 kN
3 K-Factors
=
=
1
1 for longterm
=
=
=
1
1 for no notch
1

K7 =
4 Grade Stress
Kempas Grade HS
m.g.//
c.g.pp
g.//
(300 mm /h)0.11
1.079228237
1.1
Strength Class
-2
19.3 Nmm
-2
4.3 Nmm no wane
-2
2.3 Nmm
Nmm-2
19100
5 Bending stress
2 2
W x (L -a )
8.L2
L=
=
a=
2310
2.31
0
0
2
mm
m
mm
m
2 2
W x (L -a )
8.L2
=
Section modulus
Zprovided
=
=

=
0.2934855 kN-m
bh2/6
mm
1.88E+05
M/ Zprovided
Nm-2
1.57.E+00
19.3 x K2.K3.K6.K7.K8
-2
22.91201546 Nm
6 Lateral stability
3
7 Shear stress
W=


W(N+L)2 /2Le
kN
0.44 kN/m =N/mm

W(N+L)2 /2Le
5212.730769 N
3
2
Fv
b .h
1.042546154
2.3 x K2.K3.K5.K8
2.53
8 Bearing stress
5.213 kN

bw =
c.a.pp =
=
100
Fv/(b .bw)
1.042546154

=
4.3 x K2.K3.K4.K8
4.73
9 Deflection
Load Sharing system
E
= Emean
l=
2.31
a=
0
2 2
x = (l -a )/2l
x=
1.155
m=x/l =
0.5
w=
0.44
n=a/l =
0
m =
wl (m -2m (1-n )+m(1-2n ))

24EI
=
0.61 mm
( 19 .2) .( M )
(b.h).E
0.04 mm
0.65 mm
adm
=
Le/330 Or 14 mm
=
7 mm

UDL on Member
0.44 kN/m

=
0.267771584 N
2.31 m
0m
2.399708
Moment on Member =
Trail section =
Z
0.2934855 kN m
50 x 150
1.88E+05
m,a =
1.565256000
c,a =
3.57029E-05
166.2566472
55.41888239
166.2566472
K12
K3
1.25
c,g =
19.4
c,adm =
3.310720248 >
3.57E-05
O.k
K3 =
1.75
K12 =
0.101707005
c,adm =
3.452952825
c,a =
3.57029E-05
K7
1.079228237
m,g =
19.3
m,adm =
36.45093369
m,a =
1.57E+00
For =
166.2566

e =
2
6 N/mm
0.999999047
Interaction Formula
0.042941492 +
0.042952276 <
1.08E-05
1
O.k
, deck or joist

m
m
m
kN/m=N/mm

6050 mm length Span Continuation of Cantilever Portion = 0.00 mm
Effective span =
6.05 m
0.4 m
Raft Dimension
50 mm
200 mm
bxh
=
10 x
1/12 x b x h
1.E+03
mm4
3.3E+07
2 Loading
Dead Load, DL =
-2
0.6 kNm
Imposed Load, IL =
Total Load, W =
=
-2
0.5 kNm
(DL+IL) x JS xLe
2.662 kN
3 K-Factors
=
=
1
1 for longterm
=
=
=
1
1 for no notch
1

K7 =
4 Grade Stress
Kempas Grade HS
m.g.//
c.g.pp
g.//
(300 mm /h)0.11
1.045610747
1.1
Strength Class
-2
19.3 Nmm
-2
4.3 Nmm no wane
-2
2.3 Nmm
-2
Nmm
19100
5 Bending stress
W x (L2-a2)2
8.L2
L=
6050 mm
=
a=
6.05 m
0 mm
0m
W x (L2-a2)2
2
8.L
=
Section modulus
Zprovided
=
=

=
2.0131375 kN-m
2
bh /6
3
mm
3.33E+05
M/ Zprovided
Nm-2
6.04.E+00
19.3 x K2.K3.K6.K7.K8
-2
22.19831617 Nm
6 Lateral stability
4
7 Shear stress
W=


=
W(N+L)2 /2Le
kN
0.44 kN/m =N/mm

W(N+L)2 /2Le
5212.730769 N
3
2
Fv
b .h
0.781909615
2.3 x K2.K3.K5.K8
2.53
8 Bearing stress
5.213 kN

bw =
c.a.pp =
=
100
Fv/(b .bw)
1.042546154

=
4.3 x K2.K3.K4.K8
4.73
9 Deflection
Load Sharing system
E
= Emean
l=
a=
x=
m=x/l =
n=a/l =
m =
(l2-a2)/2l
0.5
0
x=
w=
wl4(m4-2m3(1-n2)+m(1-2n2))
24EI
=
12.06 mm
( 19 .2) .( M )
(b.h).E
0.20 mm
12.26 mm
adm
=
Le/330 Or 14 mm
=
18.33333333 mm

UDL on Member
0.44 kN/m

=
0.701306529 N
6.05 m
0m
6.292487584
Moment on Member =
Trail section =
Z
2.0131375 kN m
50 x 200
3.33E+05
m,a =
6.039412500
c,a =
7.01307E-05
435.9563281
108.989082
435.9563281
K12
K3
1.25
c,g =
19.4
c,adm =
0.527490711 >
7.01E-05
K3 =
1.75
K12 =
0.015758838
c,adm =
0.535012561
c,a =
7.01307E-05
K7
1.045610747
For =
m,g =
19.3
m,adm =
35.31550299
m,a =
6.04E+00
e =
Euler Co-efficient Keu =
Interaction Formula =
=
2
1 N/mm
0.999998006
0.171013409 + 0.000133
0.17114636 <
mm
-2
Nmm no wane
K2.K3.K6.K7.K8
nection of sheating, deck or joist
K2.K3.K5.K8
K2.K3.K4.K8

6.05 m
0m
ok by FIONA COBB )
3.025 m
0.44 kN/m=N/mm
O.k
435.9563
O.k

K12 For Timber Designers' Manuel by Me

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K12 For Timber Designers' Manuel by Me

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It follows : 17.

2 TIMBER STRESS GRADES FOR GLULAM COLUMNS

FOR SERVICE CLASS 3

TABLE 15.1 DETAMINATION OF E/ FOR SERVICES CLASSES 1 AND 2 AND 3

SERVICE CLASSES 1 AND 2

SERVICE CLASSES 1 AND 3

K12 and Euler Stress Value FOR C24 glulam

K12 FOR KEMPUS

K12 FOR TEAK

Axial Loading on Member

0.03960829 For Medium

Check for very short term condition

Euler Critical Stress

Euler Co-efficient Keu

Axial Loading on Member

0.236904042 For Medium

Check for very short term condition

Euler Critical Stress

Euler Co-efficient Keu

Axial Loading on Member

0.03960829 For Medium

Check for very short term condition

Euler Critical Stress

Euler Co-efficient Keu

Lets check deflection

Depth factor (K7 Clause 2.10.6) =

Mean modulus of elasticity, load sharing Emean

Applied bending stress =

Permissible bending stress =

Applied shear stress

Permissible shear stress, no notch =

Applied Load from shear force diagram = W(N+L) /2Le

Permissible bearing stress

Minimum required bearing width =

Defelection due to Bending m =

Defelection due to Shearing = (1.2/Gbd)wx.dx

Defelection due to Shear s

Total Defelection due to Bending plus Shear T =

Lets Check with Interaction Formula

Axial Loading on Member

Horizontal Length of Member X2

Horizontal Length of Cantilever X1

Inclined Length of Member l

Inclined Length of Cantilever a

0.209941723 For Medium

Check for very short term condition

Euler Critical Stress

Design By Abdy Keramani

ure Vol-1 by Prof V.N.Vaziani,

ure Vol-1 by Prof V.N.Vaziani,

ure Vol-1 by Prof V.N.Vaziani,

Axial Loading on Member

Horizontal Length of Member X2

Horizontal Length of Cantilever X1

Inclined Length of Member l

Inclined Length of Cantilever a

0.120349401 For Medium

Check for very short term condition

Euler Critical Stress

Lets check deflection

Load Duration(K#, Table 17) K3

Depth factor (K7 Clause 2.10.6) =

Mean modulus of elasticity, load sharing Emean