PROBLEM NUMBER 2.

1
In order to ensure optimal health (and thus accurate test results), a lab technician needs to feed
the rabbits a daily diet containing a minimum of 24 grams (g) of fat, 36 g of carbohydrates, and
4 g of protien. But the rabbits should be fed no more than five ounces of food a day.
Rather than order rabbit food that is custom-blended, it is cheaper to order Food X and Food Y,
and blend them for an optimal mix. Food X contains 8 g of fat, 12 g of carbohydrates, and 2 g of
protein per ounce, and costs $0.20 per ounce. Food Y contains 12 g of fat, 12 g of
carbohydrates, and 1 g of protein per ounce, at a cost of $0.30 per ounce.
What is the optimal blend?
Since the exercise is asking for the number of ounces of each food required for the optimal daily
blend, my variables will stand for the number of ounces of each:
x: number of ounces of Food X
y: number of ounces of Food Y
Since I can't use negative amounts of either food, the first two constrains are the usual ones: x
>= 0 and y >= 0. The other constraints come from the grams of fat, carbohydrates, and protein
per ounce:
fat:

8x + 12y >= 24

carbs: 12x + 12y >= 36

protein: 2x + 1y >= 4
Also, the maximum weight of the food is five ounces, so:
x + y <= 5
The optimization equation will be the cost relation C = 0.2x + 0.3y, but this time I'll be finding the
minimum value, not the maximum.

After rearranging the inequalities, the system graphs as:

*** Phase I --- Start ***

Basis
X1
X2
s3
s4
s5
s6
s7
s8
RHS

s6
8
12
-1
0
0
1
0
0
24

s7
12
12
0
-1
0
0
1
0
36

s8
2
1
0
0
-1
0
0
1
4

Obj.
-22
-25
1
1
1
0
0
0
64

Variable to be made basic -> X2

Ratios: RHS/Column X2 -> { 2 3 4 }
Variable out of the basic set -> s6

Variable to be made basic -> X1

Ratios: RHS/Column X1 -> { 3 3 1.5 }
Variable out of the basic set -> s8
*** Phase I --- Iteration 2 ***

Basis
X1
X2
s3
s4
s5
s6
s7
s8
RHS

X2
0
1 -1/8
0
0.5
1/8
0 -0.5
1

s7
0
0 0.75
-1
3 -0.75
1
-3
6

X1
1
0 1/16
0 -0.75 -1/16
0 0.75
1.5

Obj.
0
0 -0.75
1
-3 1.75
0
4
6

Variable to be made basic -> s5

Ratios: RHS/Column s5 -> { 2 2 - }
Variable out of the basic set -> s7
*** Phase I --- Iteration 3 ***

Basis
X1
X2
s3
s4
s5
s6
s7
s8
RHS

X2
0
1 -0.25
1/6
0 0.25 -1/6
0
0

s5
0
0 0.25 -1/3
1 -0.25
1/3
-1
2

X1
1
0 0.25 -0.25
0 -0.25 0.25
0
3

Obj.
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0

*** Phase II --- Iteration 3 ***

Basis
X1
X2
s3
s4
s5
RHS

X2
0
1 -0.25
1/6
0
0

s5
0
0 0.25 -1/3
1
2

X1
1
0 0.25 -0.25
0
3

Obj.
0
0
0 1/12
0
3

Variable to be made basic -> s4

Ratios: RHS/Column s4 -> { 0 - - }
Variable out of the basic set -> X2
*** Phase II --- Iteration 4 ***

Basis
X1
X2
s3
s4
s5
RHS

s4
0
6 -1.5
1
0
0

s5
0
2 -0.25
0
1
2

X1
1
1.5 -1/8
0
0
3

Obj.
0 -0.5
1/8
0
0
3

Variable to be made basic -> s3

Ratios: RHS/Column s3 -> { - - - }
>> The problem is UNBOUNDED

PROBLEM NUMBER 2.4

A garden shop wishes to prepare a supply of special fertilizer at a minimal cost by mixing two
fertilizers, A and B. The mixture is to contain: at least 45 units of phosphate at least 36 units of
nitrate at least 40 units of ammonium Fertilizer A costs the shop $.97 per pound. Fertilizer B
costs the shop $1.89 per pound. Fertilizer A contains 5 units of phosphate and 2 units of nitrate
and 2 units of ammonium. Fertilizer B contains 3 units of phosphate and 3 units of nitrate and 5
units of ammonium.
How many pounds of each fertilizer should the shop use in order to minimize their cost?

SOLUTION TO PROBLEM NUMBER 4

let x = the number of pounds of fertilizer A.
let y = the number of pounds of fertilizer B.
The objective function is to minimize the cost. The objective function becomes:
c = .97x + 1.89y
The constraint equations are: since the number of pounds of each fertilizer can't be negative, 2
of the constraint equations become:
x >= 0
y >= 0
since the number of units of phosphate has to be at least 45, the constraint equation for
phosphate becomes:
5x + 3y >= 45
since the number of units of nitrate must be at least 36, the constraint equation for nitrates
becomes:
2x + 3y >= 36

since the number of units of ammonium must be at least 40, the constraint equation for
ammonium becomes:
2x + 5y >= 40
The constraint equations for this problem become:
x >= 0
y >= 0
5x + 3y >= 45
2x + 3y >= 36
2x + 5y >= 40
In order to graph these equations, you have to solve for y in each equation that has y in it and
then graph the equality portion of those equations.
The equations to be graphed are:
x >= 0
y >= 0
y >= (45-5x)/3
y >= (36 - 2x)/3
y >= (40-2x)/5

x = 0 is a vertical line that is the same line as the y-axis.

y = 0 is a horizontal line that i the same line as the x-axis.

A graph of your equation is shown below:

*** Phase I --- Start ***

Basis
X1
X2
s3
s4
s5
s6
s7
s8
RHS

s6
5
3
-1
0
0
1
0
0
45

s7
2
3
0
-1
0
0
1
0
36

s8
2
5
0
0
-1
0
0
1
40

Obj.
-9
-11
1
1
1
0
0
0
121

Variable to be made basic -> X2

Ratios: RHS/Column X2 -> { 15 12 8 }
Variable out of the basic set -> s8

*** Phase I --- Iteration 1 ***

Basis
X1
X2
s3
s4
s5
s6
s7
s8
RHS

s6
3.8
0
-1
0
0.6
1
0 -0.6
21

s7
0.8
0
0
-1
0.6
0
1 -0.6
12

X2
0.4
1
0
0 -0.2
0
0
0.2
8

Obj. -4.6
0
1
1 -1.2
0
0
2.2
33

Variable to be made basic -> X1

Ratios: RHS/Column X1 -> { 105/19 15 20 }
Variable out of the basic set -> s6

Variable to be made basic -> s5

Ratios: RHS/Column s5 -> { 35 16 - }
Variable out of the basic set -> s7
*** Phase I --- Iteration 3 ***

Basis
X1
X2
s3
s4
s5
s6
s7
s8
RHS

X1
1
0 -1/3
1/3
0
1/3 -1/3
0
3

s5
0
0
4/9 -19/9
1 -4/9 19/9
-1
16

X2
0
1
2/9 -5/9
0 -2/9
5/9
0
10

Obj.
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0

*** Phase II --- Iteration 3 ***

Basis
X1
X2
s3
s4
s5
RHS

X1
1
0 -1/3
1/3
0
3

s5
0
0
4/9 -19/9
1
16

X2
0
1
2/9 -5/9
0
10

Obj.
0
0 -4/9 19/9
0
56

Variable to be made basic -> s3

Ratios: RHS/Column s3 -> { - 36 45 }
Variable out of the basic set -> s5

*** Phase II --- Iteration 4 ***

Basis
X1
X2
s3
s4
s5
RHS

X1
1
0
0 -1.25 0.75
15

s3
0
0
1 -4.75 2.25
36

X2
0
1
0
0.5 -0.5
2

Obj.
0
0
0
0
1
40

>> Optimal solution FOUND

>> Minimum = 40
*** RESULTS - VARIABLES ***

Variable
Value
Obj. Cost Reduced Cost

X1
15
2
0

X2
2
5
0

*** RESULTS - CONSTRAINTS ***

Constraint
Value
RHS
Dual Price

Row1
81
45
0

Row2
36
36
0

Row3
40
40
1