PlateandShellElements

PlateTheory Flatplate Lateralloading Bendingbehaviordominates Applications: Shearwalls Floorpanels Shelves

F Forces and dMoments M Acting A i onthe h Plate: Pl

Stresses:

RelationsBetweenForcesandStresses Bendingmoments(perunitlength):

Stresses:

ThinPlateTheory(KirchhoffPlateTheory)
Assumptions p ( (similartothoseinthebeamtheory): y) Astraightlinealongthenormaltothemidsurfaceremainsstraightandnormaltothe deflectedmidsurfaceafterloading,thatis,theseisnotransversesheardeformation:

Displacement:

Strains:

Notethatthereisnostretchofthemidsurface duetothedeflection(bending)oftheplate.

Stresses(planestressstate):

or

Mainvariable:deflectionw=w(x,y)

GoverningEquation:
Where, Where

Comparethe1Dequationforstraightbeam: Shearforcesandbendingmoments:

BoundaryConditions:

wherenisthenormaldirectionoftheboundary.Notethatthegivenvaluesinthe boundaryconditionsshownabovecanbenonzerovaluesaswell.

Examples: Asquareplatewithfouredgesclampedorhinged, hinged andunderauniformloadqora concentratedforcePatthecenterC.

Themaximumdeflectionsfromanalytical y solutionsareg giveninthe followingtable

ThickPlateTheory(Mindlin PlateTheory)
Ifthe th thi thickness k tof faplate l t i isnot tthin, thi e.g., (L=acharacteristicdimensionoftheplate),thenthethickplatetheorybyMindlin should beapplied.Thistheoryaccountsfortheanglechangeswithinacrosssection,thatis,

Newrelations:

Notethatifweimposedtheconditions(or assumptions)that

thenwecanrecovertherelationsappliedin thethinplatetheory. Mainvariables:

PlateElements KirchhoffPlateElements: 4NodeQuadrilateralElement DOFateachnode:

Oneachelement,thedeflectionw(x,y)is representedby

whereNi,Nxi andNyi areshapefunctions. Thestiffnessmatrixisstilloftheform

whereBisthestraindisplacementmatrix,andEthestressstrainmatrix.

Mindlin PlateElements: 4NodeQuadrilateral 8NodeQuadrilateral

DOFateachnode: Oneachelement:

Threeindependentfields. Deflectionw(x,y)islinearforQ4,andquadraticforQ8.

Example:

ANSYS4nodequadrilateralplateelement.

ShellElements Shells Thinstructureswitchspan p overcurvedsurfaces.

Examples: Seashell,eggshell(thewonderofthenature); Containers,pipes,tanks; Carbodies; Roofs, Roofs buildings(theSuperdome), Superdome) etc. etc

Forcesinshells: Membraneforces+BendingMoments(plates:bendingonly)

Example: p ACylindrical y Container.

ShellElements:

Similarity:bar+simplebeamelement=>generalbeamelement.

EXAMPLE:SIMPLYSUPPORTEDPLATESWITHANECCENTRICCIRCULARHOLE UNDERCOMPRESSIVELOADS

Rectangularplatesundercompressiveloads:withacentralcircularhole; withan eccentriccircularinhorizontaldirection;withaneccentriccircularinverticaldirection

Bucklingcoefficientsforsimplysupportedrectangularplateswithacentralcircularhole.

Bucklingcoefficientsforsimplysupportedrectangularplateswithaneccentriccircularhole inhorizontaldirection.

Bucklingcoefficientsforsimplysupportedrectangularplateswithaneccentriccircularhole inhorizontaldirection.