Guidance Programme for SSC Combined Graduate Level Exam 2012

36
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Pie Charts

CHAPTER 4

Pie Charts

Circle graphs are used to show how various sectors share in the whole. Circle graphs are sometimes called pie charts. Circle graphs usually give the percentage that each sector receives.
Expenditure of Major Industries 2000 ($3,087 million)
Legal affairs, 12%

Compensation, 26% Taxes, 10%

Research, 15% Miscellaneous, 5% Materials, 18%

Construction, 2%

Advertising, 12%

2010 ($4,851 million)

Research, 14%

Compensation, 38%

Materials, 22%

Taxes, 2% Legal affairs, 4%

Advertising, 15%

Construction, 5%

Q. The amount spent on materials in 2000 was 120% of the amount spent on (a) research in 2000 (b) compensation in 2000 (c) advertising in 2010 (d) materials in 2010
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In 2000, 18% of the expenditures were for materials. We want x where 120% of x = 18%; so x = 15%. Any category that received 15% of 2000 expenditures gives the correct answer, but only one of the five choices is correct. Here, the answer is (a) since research received 15% of the expenditure in 2000.

Example
Directions : Study the following information to answer the given questions.
Percentage of students in various courses (A, B, C, D, E, F) and Percentage of girals out of these. Total Student: 1200 (800 girls + 400 boys) Percentage in Various Courses

F 13% E 12%

A 20%

B 15%

D 35%

C 5%

Total Girls : 800 Percentage of Girls in Couress

F, 14% A, 30% E, 14%

B, 10% D, 30% C, 2%

1. For which course is the number of boys the minimum? (a) E (b) F (c) C (d) A 2. How many girls are there in course C? (a) 44 (b) 16 (c) 40 (d) 160 3. For course D what is the respective ratio of boys and girls? (a) 3 : 4 (b) 4 : 5 (c) 3 : 5 (d) 5 : 6 4. For which pair of courses is the number of boys the same? (a) E and F (b) A and D (c) C and F (d) B and D 5. For course E, the number of girls is how much percent more than the boys for course E? (a) 250 (b) 350 (c) 150 (d) 80
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Solution
Calculations for questions (15)
Courses A B C D E F Boys 0 100 44 180 32 44 Girls 240 80 16 240 112 112 Total 240 180 60 420 144 156

1. (d) Number of boys in course A is minimum i.e., zero. 2. (b) Number of girls in course C = 16 3. (a) Required ratio = 180 : 240 = 3 : 4 4. (c) Number of boys in each of courses C and F = 44 5. (a) Required percentage =
112 32 100 32 18 100 32

= 250

EXERCISE
Directions: Study the following pie-diagrams carefully to answer these questions:
Number of students studying in different faculties in the years 2001 and 2002 from State X Year-2001 Total Students - 35000
Medicine, 11%

Year - 2002 Total Students - 40000

Medicine, 10% Pharmacy, 9% Arts, 11%

Commerce, 24%
Pharmacy, 6% Arts, 12%

Engmeering, 19%

Engmeering, 18%

Commerce, 22%

Science, 22% Agriculture, 5%

Science, 24% Agriculture, 7%

1. In which faculty there was decrease in the number of students from 2001 to 2002? (a) None (b) Arts (c) Agriculture (d) Pharmacy

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2. What is the ratio between the number of students studying pharmacy in the years 2001 and 2002 respectively? (a) 4 : 3 (b) 3 : 2 (c) 2 : 3 (d) 7 : 12 3. What was the approximate percentage increase in the number of students of Engineering from the year 2001 to 2002? (a) 17 (b) 15 (c) 25 (d) 20 4. In the year 2001, the number of students studying Arts and Commerce together is what percent of the number of students studying these subjects together in 2002? (a) 76 (b) 85 (c) 82 (d) 79 5. In which of the following faculties the percent increase in the number of students was minimum from 2001 to 2002? (l) Arts (b) Science (c) Commerce (d) Medicine Directions: Study the following graph carefully and answer the questions given below it. Distribution of candidates enrolled for MBA and the candidates who have successfully completed the course from different institutes
Candidates Enrolled = 2500
G, 10% A, 10%

7.

8.

9.

10.

students successful to enrolled? (a) D (b) E (c) A (d) B What percent of candidates from institute D have come out to to be successful out of the total candidates enrolled from this institute? (a) 115 (b) 95 (c) 80 (d) 85 What is the approximate percentage of students successful to enrolled from institute A? (a) 92 (b) 89 (c) 86 (d) 96 What is ratio of candidates successful to enrolled from the institutes B and C together? (a) 55 : 12 (b) 5 : 7 (c) 135 : 271 (d) 3 : 5 What is the percentage of students successful from institutes E and F together, over the students enrolled from these institutes together? (a) 76 (b) 105 (c) 80 (d) 74

Directions: Seven companies A, B, C, D, E, F and G are engaged in production of two items I and II. The comparative data about production of these items by the seven companies is given in the following graph and the table. Study them carefully and answer the questions given below.
Ratio of production between items I and II and the percent profit earned for the two items
Company Ratio of Production Perc ent profit earned Item I 25 32 20 15 28 35 30 Item II 20 35 22 25 30 25 24

F, 17%

B, 22%

Item I A B C D E F G 2 3 4 3 5 1 1

Item II 3 2 1 5 3 4 2

E, 8% D, 12% C, 16%

Candidates who have successfully completed the course = 1900

G, 13% A, 17%

G, 12% F, 5%

A, 15%

F, 16% B, 18% E, 9% D, 15% C, 12%

B, 11%

E, 27% C, 22%

6. Which institute has the highest percentage of

D, 8%

Percentage of the total production produced by the seven

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companies

Cost of the total production (both items together) by seven companies = 25 crores 11. What is the total cost of the production of item I by companies A and C together in ` crore? (a) 9.25 (b) 5.9 (c) 4.1625 (d) 4.9 12. Cost of production of item I by company F is what percent of the cost of production of item II by company D? (a) 16% (b) 33.33% (c) 66.67% (d) 12.5% 13. What is total profit earned by company G for items I and II together? (a) ` 78 lakhs (b) ` 1.62 crores (c) ` 7.8 crores (d) ` 16.2 lakhs 14. What is the ratio of cost of production of item I by company A to the cost of production of item I by company D? (a) 3 : 5 (b) 1 : 2 (c) 2 : 1 (d) 2 : 3 15. What is the total of the profit earned by company B on production of item I and the profit earned by company A on production of item II? (a) ` 9.78 crores (b) ` 97.8 lakhs (c) ` 52 8 lakhs (d) ` 5 28 crores

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ANSWERS
1. (c) 11. (b) 2. (d) 12. (d) 3. (d) 13. (a) 4. (b) 14. (c) 5. (d) 15. (b) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (a)

EXPLANATIONS
Calculation for questions (15):
Number of students in different faculties
Subject Arts Commerce Science Agriculture Engineering Pharmacy Medicine Year 2001 4200 7700 8400 2450 6300 2100 3850 Year 2002 4400 9600 8800 2000 7600 3600 4000

Number of students studying Pharmacy in 2002 = 3600 Required ratio = 2100 : 3600 = 7 : 12 3. Difference = 7600 6300 = 1300 Required percentage increase =
1300 100 = 20.63 = 20 6300

1. The number of students decreased from 2450 to 2000 in Agriculture 2. Number of students studying Pharmacy in 2001 = 2100 11900 100 Required percentage = 14000 = 85% 5. Only on the basis of table, we can say, the percentage increase in Medicine was minimum. 6. It is observation on the basis of the graph. 7. Number of enrolled candidates from Institute D
12 250 = 300 100 Number of successful candidates = 15 = 1900 = 285 100

4. Total number of students in Arts and Commerce faculties in 2001 = 4200 + 7700 = 11900 Total number of students in Arts and Commerce faculties in 2002 = 4400 + 9600 = 1400 9. Number of enrolled students from, Institute B =
22 2500 = 550 100

C=

16 2500 = 400 100 Total = 550 + 400 = 950 Number of successful students from,

Institute B = Institute C =

18 1900 = 342 100

Required percentage =

285 100 300

= 95% 8. Number of enrolled candidates from Institute

15 A= 2500 = 375 100 Number of successful candidates

12 1900 = 228 100 Total = 342 + 228 = 570. Required ratio = 570 : 950 = 30 : 50 =3:5 10. Number of successful students from

Institute E =

17 1900 = 323 100 323 100 375

9 1900 = 171 100 16 16 l900 = 304 Institute F = 100 Total = 304 + 171 = 475 No. of enrolled students from

Required percentage = = 86%

Institute E = Institute F =

8 2500 = 200 100

17 2500 = 425 100 Total = 200 + 425 = 625

Required % =

475 100 = 76% 625

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2 15% of ` 25 crores 11. A = 2+3 4 C= 22% of ` 25 crores 4 + 1 2 15 4 22 + (A + C) = of ` 25 crores 500 500

118 25 crores = ` 5.9 crores 500 12. Cost of production of Item I by company F = =

14. Cost of production of item I by Company 2 A= 15% of ` 25 crores 2+3

6 25 = ` 1.5 crores 100 Cost of production of both items by company D

8 25 = ` 2 crores 100 3 3+5

1 5% of ` 25 crores 1+ 4 = 1% of ` 25 crores Cost of production of Item II by Company D 5 = 8% of ` 25 crores = 5% of ` 25 crores 3+5

1% of ` 25 crores 1 Required % 5% of ` 25 crores 100 = 100 5

Cost of production of item I by company D = 2=`

3 crores = ` 0.75 crores Required 4 ratio = 1.5 : 0.75 = 2 : 1 15. Cost of production of both items by company B 11 11 25 = ` crores 100 4 Cost of production of item I by company B = 33 3 11 crores =` 3+2 4 20 Profit on item I for company B = 32% Amount of profit earned by company B on item I = 66 32 33 crores =` 125 100 20 Cost of production of both items by company A = 15 15 25 = ` crores 100 4 = ` 3.75 crores Cost of production of item II by company =

= 20% 13. Cost of production of both items for company G =

12 25 = ` 3 crores 100

1 Cost of production of item I for company G = 1+ 2 ` 3 crores = ` 1 crore Cost of production of item II for company G = ` (3 1) crores = ` 2 crores Profit on item I for company G = 30% Profit on item II for company G = 24%

Amount of profit earned on item I =

30 1 = ` 0.3 crore 100 Amount of profit earned on item II 24 2 = ` 0.48 crore 100 Total profit earned by company G for items I and II together = ` (0.3 + 0.48) crore = ` 0.78 crore = ` 78 lakhs.

A=

3 3.75 = `= 2.25 crores 2+3

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