2033-2008 (A2) PDF

AS/NZS 2033:2008
(Incorporating Amendment Nos 1 and 2)
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AS/NZS 2033:2008
Australian/New Zealand Standard
AS/NZS 2033:2008 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee PL-006, Polyolefin Pipe Systems. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 10 April 2008 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 9 April 2008. This Standard was published on 19 May 2008.
The following are represented on Committee PL-006: AUSTAP Certification Interests (Australia) CSIRO Manufacturing & Infrastructure Technology Energy Networks Association Engineers Australia Master Plumbers, Gasfitters and Drainlayers New Zealand New Zealand Water and Waste Association Plastics Industry Pipe Association of Australia Plastics New Zealand Water Services Association of Australia
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This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 07337.
AS/NZS 2033:2008
(Incorporating Amendment Nos 1 and 2)
Australian/New Zealand Standard

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Originated as AS 20331977. Previous edition 1980. Jointly revised and designated AS/NZS 2033:2008. Reissued incorporating Amendment No. 1 (October 2008). Reissued incorporating Amendment No. 2 (June 2009).
COPYRIGHT Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher. Jointly published by Standards Australia, GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001 and Standards New Zealand, Private Bag 2439, Wellington 6020
ISBN 0 7337 8705 3
AS/NZS 2033:2008
PREFACE
This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee PL-006, Polyolefin Pipe Systems to supersede AS 20331980. This Standard incorporates Amendment No. 1 (October 2008) and Amendment No. 2 (June 2009). The changes required by the Amendment are indicated in the text by a marginal bar and amendment number against the clause, note, table, figure or part thereof affected. The objective of this Standard is to provide uniform procedures for the installation of polyethylene (PE) pipe systems for both above and below ground applications. The objective of this revision is to update the Standard with respect to current practice and publish it as a joint Australian/New Zealand Standard. This Standard primarily addresses the installation of polyethylene (PE) pipes and fittings for plumbing, industrial and irrigation applications and is not intended to replace industry specific installation codes or regulations.
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to For plumbing applications, reference should also be made to AS/NZS 3500, Plumbing and drainage (all parts). For above ground applications using structured wall pipes, reference your on-line service. should also be made to the manufacturer. Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is For installations conveying gaseous fluids, reference should be made to AS 5601, Gas not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the installations and AS 3723, Installation and maintenance of plastics pipe systems for gas , as appropriate and in New Zealand NZS 5258, Gas distribution. licence under which the service is supplied.
NOTE: Reference to AS 3723 correct at time of publishing, however, future reference will be made to AS 4645, Gas distribution networks , Part 3: Plastics pipe systems.
For water supply and sewerage network infrastructure involving the design and installation of PE pipe systems, reference should be made to Water Services Association of Australia (WSAA) codes. For design and installation of buried flexible pipelines, reference should be made to AS/NZS 2566.1, Buried flexible pipelines Part 1: Structural design and AS/NZS 2566.2, Buried flexible pipelines, Part 2: Installation or ISO 21138-1. A bibliography is provided in Appendix A for references that may be used to provide more detailed explanations or information regarding the installation of PE pipes. For electrical installations, reference should be made to AS/NZS 3000, Electrical installations (known as the Australian/New Zealand Wiring Rules). Australian and New Zealand Standards generally do not (a) (b) (c) restate the duties of employers, employees, designers and installers; or determine the applicability of regulatory limitations; or determine appropriate health and safety practices.
Statements expressed in mandatory terms in notes to tables are deemed to be requirements of this Standard. Notes to text are for information and guidance only. The term informative has been used in this Standard to define the application of the appendix to which it applies. An informative appendix is only for information and guidance.
AS/NZS 2033:2008
CONTENTS
Page SECTION 1 SCOPE, DEFINITIONS AND MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS 1.1 SCOPE ........................................................................................................................ 5 1.2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES .................................................................................... 5 1.3 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................ 6 SECTION 2 PRODUCTS AND MATERIALS 2.1 SCOPE OF SECTION ................................................................................................. 8 2.2 PIPE AND FITTINGS ................................................................................................. 8 2.3 HANGERS AND CLIPS ............................................................................................. 9 2.4 PIPE EMBEDMENT AND TRENCH-FILL MATERIALS ........................................ 9 2.5 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT ....................................................................................... 9
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to SECTION 3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS SCOPE OF SECTION ............................................................................................... 10 your on-line3.1 service. 3.2 TRANSPORT, HANDLING AND STORAGE ......................................................... 10 Please note3.3 that material accessed via our on-line subscription 10 services is PRE-INSTALLATION INSPECTION ...................................................................... 3.4 AGAINST DAMAGE ...................................................................... 11 not intended forPROTECTION off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the 3.5 REPLACEMENT OF METALLIC WATER SUPPLY PIPELINES.......................... 11 licence under service is supplied. 3.6 which STATIC the ELECTRICITY ........................................................................................... 11
3.7 3.8 TEMPERATURE CONSIDERATIONS.................................................................... 11 EFFECT OF WATER HAMMER OR PRESSURE SURGES ................................... 13 SECTION 4 JOINTING METHODS 4.1 SCOPE OF SECTION ............................................................................................... 14 4.2 FUSION JOINTS....................................................................................................... 14 4.3 MECHANICAL COMPRESSION FITTINGS .......................................................... 14 4.4 ELASTOMERIC SEAL JOINTS............................................................................... 14 4.5 FLANGED JOINTS .................................................................................................. 15 4.6 THREADED JOINTS................................................................................................ 15 4.7 REPAIR FITTINGS .................................................................................................. 15 4.8 CONNECTION OF PE PIPES AND FITTINGS TO PIPES AND FITTINGS OF OTHER MATERIALSOTHER THAN THREADS AND FLANGES ................... 16 4.9 SERVICE CONNECTIONS ...................................................................................... 16 SECTION 5 INSTALLATION OF BURIED PIPES AND FITTINGS 5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION ............................................................................................... 17 5.2 PIPELINE INSTALLATION USING TRENCHLESS TECHNOLOGY................... 17 5.3 PIPE INSTALLATION IN A TRENCH .................................................................... 17 5.4 PIPE INSTALLATION IN AN EMBANKMENT..................................................... 21 SECTION 6 INSTALLATION OF PIPES ABOVE GROUND 6.1 SCOPE OF SECTION ............................................................................................... 22 6.2 INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS ....................................................................... 22 6.3 SUPPORT OF PIPELINES........................................................................................ 23 6.4 PROVISION FOR EXPANSION ............................................................................. 25
AS/NZS 2033:2008
Page SECTION 7 TESTING OF PIPE SYSTEM 7.1 SCOPE OF SECTION ............................................................................................... 30 7.2 TESTING OF PRESSURE PIPE SYSTEMS............................................................. 30 7.3 TESTING OF NON-PRESSURE PIPELINES........................................................... 32 7.4 DEFLECTION TESTING ......................................................................................... 34 7.5 CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION (CCTV) INSPECTION...................................... 34 SECTION 8 COMMISSIONING ........................................................................................... 37 SECTION 9 COMPRESSED GASES 9.1 SCOPE ...................................................................................................................... 36 9.2 CONTENTS IDENTIFICATION .............................................................................. 36 9.3 PRESSURE RATING (PN, SDR) AND TEMPERATURE RERATING .................. 36 9.4 JOINT TYPES........................................................................................................... 37 9.5 CHEMICAL RESISTANCE...................................................................................... 37 9.6 UV RESISTANCE .................................................................................................... 37 9.7 PRECAUTIONS........................................................................................................ 37
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AS/NZS 2033:2008
STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Australian/New Zealand Standard Installation of polyethylene pipe systems
SECT ION 1 SCOPE, DEF I N I T I ONS MAT E R I A L RE Q U I RE M E N T S

1.1 SCOPE
AND
This Standard sets out methods for handling, storage, installation, testing and commissioning of polyethylene (hereinafter referred to as PE) pipelines, above or below ground, for both pressure and non-pressure applications conveying fluids.
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to This Standard applies to PE pipe systems that carry liquids under either pressure or gravity flowservice. situations and the components of which comply with, but are not limited to, the your on-line following: Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is (a) AS 2698.2PE rural pipe. not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the (b) AS/NZS 4129Fittings for PE pipes for pressure applications. licence under which the service is supplied. (c) AS/NZS 4130PE pipes for pressure applications.
(d) (e) (f) (g) (h) AS 4176Polyethylene/aluminium and cross-linked polyethylene/aluminium macrocomposite pipes for pressure applications. AS/NZS 4401PE pipe for soil and waste discharge. AS/NZS 4798(Int)PE maintenance shafts. AS 4799Underground installation within railway boundaries. AS/NZS 5065PE and PP pipes for drainage and sewerage.
NOTE: Where PE pipelines are to be installed underground the safe installation depths are calculated by reference to AS/NZS 2566.2.
1.2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. AS 1345 1646 2698 2698.2 4176 4799 AS/NZS 2566 2566.1 2566.2 Identification of the contents of pipes, conduits and ducts Elastomeric seals for waterworks purposes (all parts) Plastics pipes and fittings for irrigation and rural applications Part 2: Polyethylene rural pipe Polyethylene/aluminium and cross-linked polyethylene/aluminium macrocomposite pipe systems for pressure applications Installation of underground utility services and pipelines within railway boundaries Buried flexible pipelines Part 1: Structural design Part 2: Installation
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AS/NZS 2033:2008
AS/NZS 2648 2648.1 3500 3500.0 3500.1 3500.5 4020 4129 4130 4327 4401 4793
Underground marking tape Part 1: Non-detectable tape Plumbing and drainage Part 0: Glossary of terms Part 1: Water services Part 5: Domestic Testing of products for use in contact with drinking water Fittings for polyethylene (PE) pipes for pressure applications Polyethylene (PE) pipes for pressure applications Metal-banded flexible couplings for low-pressure applications Plastics piping systems for soil and waste discharge (low and high temperature) inside buildingsPolyethylene (PE) Mechanical tapping bands for waterworks services*
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to 4798(Int) Polyethylene maintenance shafts your on-line service. 5065 Polyethylene and polypropylene pipes and fittings for drainage and sewerage applications Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is ISO/TR not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the 10358 Plastics pipes and fittingsCombined chemical resistance classification table licence under which the service is supplied. WSAA
PS-318 01 05 NZWWA Marking tape, detectable Polyethylene pipeline code Sewer inspection reporting code of Australia Pipe Inspection Manual, 2006
1.3 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard the definitions in AS/NZS 3500.0 and those below apply. 1.3.1 Embankment and trench zones Embankment and trench zones as shown in AS/NZS 2566.2. 1.3.2 Fixed point A point at which axial movement of the pipe or fitting is restrained.
NOTE: For example (a) (b) (c) at the fixed (clipped) part of an expansion joint fitting; at junctions and bends except where alternative provision for expansion is made (see Clause 6.4.3(c)); or at connections to fixtures [except where movement is accommodated at a trap, (see Clause 6.4.3(d))] and drains [except where movement is possible at the drain connection (see Clause 6.4.3(b))].
1.3.3 Permeation The passage or diffusion of a gas, vapour, liquid or solid through a product without the product being physically or chemically affected.
* In course of preparation.
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AS/NZS 2033:2008
1.3.4 Shall Indicates a mandatory requirement. 1.3.5 Should Indicates a recommendation, i.e. text that is not a mandatory requirement but given for guidance.
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AS/NZS 2033:2008
SECT ION
PRODUCTS
AND
MATE R IA L S
2.1 SCOPE OF SECTION This Section specifies requirements for products and materials used for the installation of PE pipe systems. 2.2 PIPE AND FITTINGS 2.2.1 PE pipes and fittings Pipes and fittings installed in accordance with this Standard shall comply with the relevant Standards given in Clause 1.1. In Australia, for plumbing and drainage applications, PE pipes and fittings shall be authorized in accordance with the Plumbing C
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For installations in contaminated ground the suitability of PE for that service shall be determined. Such contamination may take the form of actual attack on the material, affecting the systems structural integrity, or it may permeate the pipe or fitting, not adversely affecting structural strength but potentially tainting pipe contents. Such permeation might not be an issue for pipes that do not convey drinking water (see Clause 2.3). In drainage applications, the tables of chemical resistance may need to be varied to take account of the concentration of the chemicals, temperature of the liquid, and the duration of contact (e.g. a laboratory drainage system). For pipes joined with elastomeric seals consideration shall be given to the chemical resistance of the seals. Mechanical joint fittings and their components may also need to be considered.
NOTE: Further guidance on chemical resistance is available from the relevant sources listed in Appendix A. Alternatively, refer to the pipe manufacturer.
ode of Australia (PCA). In New Zealand, for plumbing and drainage applications, PE pipes and fittings shall meet the requirements of the AS/NZS 3500 series of standards.
2.2.3 Permeation Permeation of pipes and fittings by chemicals may be a consideration arising from the fluid to be transported, or an external influence such as ground contamination. For PE, as with other materials, including those used for jointing, permeation depends upon the concentration of the contaminant and its nature. In instances involving significant levels of contamination, expert advice should be sought. 2.2.4 Elastomeric seals Elastomeric seals shall comply with the applicable Parts of the AS 1646 series of Standards and shall be in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer of the socketed pipe or fitting. For drinking and recycled water applications, elastomeric seals shall comply with AS/NZS 4020.
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2.2.5 Lubricants for elastomeric seals and expansion joints Lubricants used in conjunction with elastomeric seals shall be those specified by the manufacturer of the socketed pipe or fitting. For drinking and recycled water applications, lubricants shall also comply with AS/NZS 4020. 2.3 HANGERS AND CLIPS Sliding joints, pipe hangers and clips shall be constructed so that, when fully tightened, longitudinal movement of the pipe is possible without damage to the pipe or fitting. Anchor clips for fixed points shall be constructed so that, when fully tightened, the fitting or pipe is securely and evenly clamped to prevent movement. Care shall be taken to ensure that pipes and fittings are not distorted by over-tightening. 2.4 PIPE EMBEDMENT AND TRENCH-FILL MATERIALS Embedment and trench-fill materials shall comply with the AS/NZS 3500 series, AS/NZS 2566 parts 1 and 2 or specific industry standards, as required.
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SEC T I O N
G E N E RA L
RE Q U IRE M E N T S
3.1 SCOPE OF SECTION This Section specifies general requirements for the installation of PE pipe systems and their handling, transport, storage and inspection. 3.2 TRANSPORT, HANDLING AND STORAGE 3.2.1 General PE pipes and fittings shall be transported, handled and stored with care by the installer at all times to avoid physical damage (e.g. gouging, scoring, scratching, localized deformation, excessive ovalization or impact damage) that could adversely affect performance. 3.2.2 Transportation
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to 3.2.3 Storage your on-line service. The storage area provided for pipe shall Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is (a) be a flat surface free of any sharp stone or projection, which may cause damage or not intended for off-line storage, and localized deformation to the pipe; and such storage is contrary to the licence under which is supplied. (b) be suitable the for theservice use of the proposed loading and unloading equipment without the
risk of accidental damage to the pipe. For pipes to AS/NZS 4130 other than plain black pipes, if the total period of exposed storage outdoors is likely to exceed 24 months, pipes and fittings shall be covered. Pipes and fittings that are not UV stabilized shall be covered at all times or stored indoors. Stacking of pipes during storage shall be in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations. Joint lubricants shall be stored in sealed containers until ready for use. 3.3 PRE-INSTALLATION INSPECTION 3.3.1 Correct supply Before installation, pipes and fittings shall be inspected to ensure that they are of the type, size and classification specified for the installation. Any items that are not according to the specifications shall be replaced. 3.3.2 Cleanliness Pipes and fittings shall also be inspected to ensure they are free of obstructions and foreign materials, which might interfere with the performance of the pipeline, and be cleaned if necessary. 3.3.3 Fitness for use The outside surfaces of pipes and fittings shall be visually checked for damage immediately prior to installation. The allowable damage to the external surface shall be up to 10% of the wall thickness. Kinks in pipe shall not be installed, re-rounded or repaired by reheating. Pipe and fitting spigot ends, and spigot ends of cut pipe lengths, shall also be checked for excessive ovality. Excessively oval pipe and fitting spigots ends may be re-rounded. Pipes may be cut to remove damaged sections and the remaining sections may be used.
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When being transported, pipe shall be supported in a secure manner to prevent damage or excessive distortion of the pipe.
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3.4 PROTECTION AGAINST DAMAGE 3.4.1 General Pipework installed in locations or operating under conditions where they may be subject to mechanical damage shall be suitably protected, including during the construction stage. 3.4.2 Protection from heat Pipelines shall not be installed adjacent to heat sources, such as boilers, naked flame, hot water or steam lines, where the temperature of the pipework may exceed the design temperature of the pipe system. 3.5 REPLACEMENT OF METALLIC WATER SUPPLY PIPELINES Any work on existing metallic pipe shall be conducted in accordance with the appropriate Section of AS/NZS 3500.1 or AS/NZS 3500.5.
NOTE: Metallic water pipes often serve as an earth for electric systems within the property.
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to Static electric charges may be generated on the surface of PE pipes by the effects of friction during handling, laying and operation of pipes. Where the discharge of electricity from your on-line service. static electricity build-up could cause problems (e.g. in explosive atmospheres) steps shall Please note that material accessed via our on-line be taken to ensure that static electricity is not generated or that it cansubscription be discharged safely.services is not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the 3.7 TEMPERATURE CONSIDERATIONS licence under which the service is supplied. 3.7.1 Pressure re-rating due to thermal effects
3.7.1.1 Temperature of pipe wall The pressure rating of PE pressure pipe shall be based on the temperature of the pipe wall, which may be determined from (a) (b) (c) an assumption of a constant pipe wall temperature typical for continuous service at a set temperature, e.g. cold water service; or the determination of an average service temperature where temperature variations are likely to occur in a predictable pattern, e.g. in cavity walls or roof spaces; or the maximum service temperature less 10C for installations where large unpredictable temperature variations occur up to a maximum of 80C, e.g. aboveground installations such as irrigation systems.
3.6 STATIC ELECTRICITY
For Items (a) (b) and (c), the maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP) shall be in accordance with values in Tables 3.1 and Table 3.2.
NOTE: The values tabled are for materials typically used in Australia and New Zealand.
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TABLE 3.1 MAOP, METRES HEAD PE 80B

Temperature C 20 25 30 35 40 45 50* 55* PN 3.2 32 32 28 26 24 22 21 19 PN 4 40 40 35 32 30 28 26 24 PN 6.3 63 63 55 50 47 44 41 38 PN 8 80 80 70 64 60 56 52 48 PN 10 100 100 88 80 75 70 65 60 PN 12.5 125 125 109 100 94 88 81 75 PN 16 160 160 140 128 120 112 104 96 PN 20 200 200 175 160 150 140 130 120
respectively based on current data. To access the current document, please go to This document has expired. your on-line service. TABLE 3.2 Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is MAOP, METRES HEAD PE such 100 not intended for off-line storage, and storage is contrary to the Temperature licence under which thePN service supplied. PN 3.2 4 PN 6.3 is PN 8 PN 10 PN 12.5 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25 C 20 25 30
A1
* At 50 and 55C the extrapolated performance of the pipe cannot be predicted beyond 36 and 24 years
32 32 30 29 27 25 24 23
40 40 38 36 34 32 30 29
63 63 59 56 53 50 48 45
80 80 75 71 68 64 60 57
100 100 94 89 84 80 76 72
125 125 118 112 106 100 95 89
160 160 150 143 135 127 121 115
200 200 188 179 169 159 151 143
250 250 235 224 221 199 189 179
35 40 45 50* 55*
* At 50 and 55C the extrapolated performance of the pipe cannot be predicted beyond 36 and 24 years respectively based on current data.
3.7.1.2 Predictable temperature variations For installations where predictable temperature variations occur, the average material temperature shall be determined from Item (a) or Item (b) as follows: (a) Across the wall of the pipe, the material temperature taken as the mean of the internal and external pipe surface temperatures, where a temperature differential exists between the fluid in the pipe and the external environmental. The pressure and temperature condition, where flow is stopped for prolonged periods, shall also be checked. In this event, fluid temperature and outside temperature may equalize. With respect to time, the average temperature may be considered as the weighted average of temperatures for the proportion of time spent at each temperature under operational pressures; it shall be calculated from the following equation:
(b)
(c)
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T m = T 1L 1 + T 2L 2 + + Tn L n where T m = average pipe material temperature for the period of time under consideration, in C Tn L = average pipe material temperature for a proportion of pipe life, in C = proportion of life spent at temperature T n
NOTE: This approximation is reasonable provided the temperature variations from the mean do not exceed 10C, which is generally the case for pipes buried at depths 300 mm below finished surface level.
3.7.2 Provision for expansion and contraction Figure 3.1 shows the thermal linear expansion of PE pipe. PE 80 and PE 100 have a coefficient of expansion of 18 10 5/C.

1 -)4 -:2) 51
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2- & = @ 2- #
212-
!
" #
$ % & ' +
)6-41) 6- 2-4 )674- 415-
FIGURE 3.1 THERMAL LINEAR EXPANSION OF PE PIPE
Where a pipe is being buried during hot or cold weather, expansion or contraction of the pipeline may take place as the pipe adjusts to ground temperature during backfilling. In these cases, where no elastomeric seal joints are included, final connection and backfilling should not take place until the pipe is at approximately the normal service temperature. In a system using elastomeric seal joints this precaution may not be necessary. For above-ground sanitary plumbing and drainage, in most circumstances the greatest thermal movements will be caused by variations in environmental temperature because the duration of most waste discharges is short and the temperature response of the material is slow. Provision for expansion and contraction shall be in accordance with Clause 6.4. When a downpipe is connected to a stormwater pipe, or otherwise restrained at the discharge point, provisions shall be made to allow the pipe to expand and contract. 3.8 EFFECT OF WATER HAMMER OR PRESSURE SURGES Water hammer or pressure surges are a design consideration.
NOTE: Information on surge and fatigue can be found in WSA 01 Polyethylene Pipeline Code and other documents (see Appendix A) and PIPA POP 10A and 10B, www.pipa.com.au.
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SECT ION
4.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
JOI NT I N G
METHODS
This Section sets out requirements for the jointing of PE pipe and fittings in PE pipe systems. 4.2 FUSION JOINTS Acceptable methods for fusion jointing are electro-fusion, butt-fusion and socket-fusion. Extrusion welding shall only be used for non-pressure applications.
NOTES: 1 2 For electro-fusion refer to PIPA POP-001. For butt welding parameters refer to PIPA POP-003.
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to 4.3 service. MECHANICAL COMPRESSION FITTINGS your on-line Mechanical compression fittings for the connection of PE pipes shall be used in accordance Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is with the manufacturers instructions. not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the 4.4 ELASTOMERIC SEAL JOINTS licence under which the service is supplied.
4.4.1 Application Only elastomeric seals and lubricants recommended by the pipe or fitting manufacturer shall be used.
NOTE: Unrestrained elastomeric seal joints for use with PE are applicable only to low or nonpressure applications.
Only trained and certified operators shall carry out fusion jointing. For guidance refer to http://www.pipa.com.au/Training.html.
4.4.2 Procedure The following procedure shall apply to joints where the elastomeric seal is incorporated in the socket:
NOTE: This procedure does not apply to expansion joints (see Clause 6.4).
(a)
Where pipes are required to be cut in the field (i) (ii) cut the spigot end square and remove all burrs; chamfer the cut end of the pipe with a taper of approximately 15 to approximately half the wall thickness, or as specified by the pipe manufacturer; and
(iii) as appropriate, witness mark the pipe at the distance specified by the manufacturer.
NOTES: 1 2 A witness mark is normally positioned on the spigot by the manufacturer to show the optimum insertion depth. Where spigots and sockets are not made by the same manufacturer reference should be made to the socket manufacturer for the correct marking depth.
(b) (c)
Ensure that the inside of the socket is clean. Where elastomeric seals are required to be fitted, clean and fit the seal. Check that the elastomeric seal sits evenly in the housing.
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(d)
Apply the manufacturers specified lubricant to the end of the spigot and chamfer of the pipe. Keep the elastomeric seal and its housing free of lubricant, unless otherwise recommended by the manufacturer. Align the pipes so that there is no deflection at the joints, then insert the spigot in the socket and push it home to the witness mark. Hold the socket end firmly during the jointing to prevent previously assembled joints from moving.
Similar procedures apply for making joints where the socket is pushed on to a spigot, e.g. socketed valves or fittings. After the joint is made, it may be deflected up to the limit specified by the socket manufacturer.
(e) (f)
NOTES: 1 2
4.5 FLANGED JOINTS 4.5.1 Application Flanges may be expired. installed for the jointing of PE pipelines, but their principal application is This document has To access the current document, please go to for connecting pipes (particularly those with larger diameters) to valves and vessels where disconnection or strength in tension is required. your on-line service. 4.5.2 Requirements Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is Flanges are typically PE stub flanges that are such fitted with loose metal is backing rings. not intended for off-line storage, and storage contrary to the In all flanged joints a gasket or seal ring shall be provided. The gasket or seal ring type, licence under which the service is supplied. thickness and composition shall be selected to suit the application. It shall be resistant to
the fluid that is to be carried through the pipeline. Metallic components liable to corrode shall be supplied in a corrosion-resistant material suitable for the intended environment or otherwise protected using an appropriate corrosion protection system e.g. petrolatum tape wrapping.
NOTE: Refer to PIPA POP-007 for specifications and dimensional details.
4.5.3 Procedure Manufacturers requirements for alignment and bolt tightening (torque and sequence) shall be applied to the joints. 4.6 THREADED JOINTS 4.6.1 Application Only threads produced by the pipe or fitting manufacturer shall be used. Only thread sealants nominated by the pipe or fitting manufacturer shall be installed. 4.6.2 Procedure Care shall be taken to avoid over-tightening or damaging joints, and to provide adequate support to prevent excessive shear forces on threaded joints. 4.7 REPAIR FITTINGS Various types of repair fittings are available and installation shall be in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations.
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4.8 CONNECTION OF PE PIPES AND FITTINGS TO PIPES AND FITTINGS OF OTHER MATERIALSOTHER THAN THREADS AND FLANGES For pressure and non-pressure applications, mechanical couplings shall be used in accordance with the manufacturers instructions to join PE pipes (or fittings) to pipes (or fittings) of other materials. For gravity or low-pressure applications, metal-banded flexible couplings complying with AS/NZS 4327 may be installed to join PE pipes (or fittings) to pipes (or fittings) of other materials having the same or similar nominal diameter. 4.9 SERVICE CONNECTIONS When tapping bands or saddles complying with AS 4129 or AS 4793 are installed for service connections, they shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. Such bands shall be suitable for use with PE pipes and be so designed and constructed that they do not damage the pipe.
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to Ferrules shall not be screwed directly into PE pipes. your on-line service. Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the licence under which the service is supplied.
Equipment for tapping under pressure may be employed with service connections in accordance with the fitting manufacturers recommendations.
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SECT ION
5 I NSTA L L A T I ON O F P IPES AND F I TT I N GS
B U R IED
5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION This Section sets out specific requirements for the installation of buried pipes and fittings.
NOTE: For further information refer to AS/NZS 2566, all parts.
5.2 PIPELINE INSTALLATION USING TRENCHLESS TECHNOLOGY Trenchless technology may be adopted by methods such as directional drilling, thrustboring, micro-tunnelling and pipe-jacking.
NOTE: For further information refer to www.astt.com.au (see Appendix A).
5.3 PIPE INSTALLATION IN A TRENCH
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to The trench shall be excavated, trimmed to the required grade and as narrow as practicable, your on-line service. taking into account the native soil type and the need to make joints, install fittings and compact the pipe embedment material. Where required, the trench shall be wide enough to Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is allow for jointing, compaction and inspection. not intended for off-line and storage isthe contrary toofthe The trench depth shall storage, be sufficient to allow such for the specified grade, required depth bedding, foundation material if required (see Figure 5.1), and the minimum cover over the licence under which the service is supplied.
pipe as specified in Table 5.1.
NOTES: 1 2 The trench should be kept free of water as far as practicable. Surface water should also be prevented from entering the trench. Narrow trenches may be used where the system design permits and person access is not required.
5.3.1 Provision of a trench
TABLE 5.1 MINIMUM COVER OVER PIPE

Loading condition Not subject to vehicular loading Subject to vehicular loading (a) no carriageways; (b) sealed carriageways; (c) unsealed carriageways Pipes in embankments or subject to construction equipment loads Minimum cover m 0.30 0.45 0.60 0.75 0.75
5.3.2 Excavation across improved surfaces For bitumen, asphalt and concrete surfaces, neat straight lines shall be saw cut at least 50 mm beyond the outer limits of the excavation. For paved surfaces, pavers, blocks or bricks shall be removed by hand, then cleaned and set aside for later replacement. Trench fill shall be adequately compacted to avoid subsequent subsidence of the reinstated improved surface.
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5.3.3 Minimum cover Minimum cover over the pipe shall be as specified in Table 5.1, based on the future finished surface level. Where the trench depth is such that the minimum cover specified cannot be provided for pipelines subject to vehicular loading, additional protection may be specified. Notwithstanding the minimum covers specified in Table 5.1, pipelines shall have sufficient cover to (a) (b) (c) ensure any vehicular loading that is in excess of the loading capability of the pipe is transferred to the soil strata beyond the pipeline; suit the height dimensions (locally) of fittings such as valves and hydrants; and meet the requirements of the road owner (for pipelines in roadways).
Where a pipeline may be subject to abnormal loading during construction, temporary (or permanent) measures shall be taken to ensure that the pipeline is not overloaded.
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to PE pipes and fittings subjected to negative pressure or installed below the water table are subjected to external loads and may buckle. The pipe class selected in the installation shall your on-line service. be high enough to ensure stability against Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is (a) the minimum (vacuum) design pressure; and not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the (b) buckling failure when subjected to the maximum external hydrostatic pressure licence under possible which service forthe the deepest pipe in is the supplied. installation.
Typically consideration shall be given to negative pressures for pipes of SDR greater than SDR 13.6. In these circumstances advice may be sought from the manufacturer of the pipe. When grouting is undertaken, the grouting pressures and temperatures should be determined to ensure that empty pipes do not deflect or buckle beyond acceptable criteria as a result of grout pressure. Where the contribution of grouting pressure to buckling forces on an empty pipe is uncertain, grouting should be carried out with the pipe internally pressurized. 5.3.5 Anchorage For systems with mechanically or fusion restrained joints, anchorage is not usually necessary. For those without end-load resisting joints, anchorage at changes of direction and other points of potential pull-out forces shall be provided, e.g. at bends, valves, tees, etc. Construction of anchor and thrust blocks shall be in accordance with AS/NZS 2566.1. When concrete is being placed on a PE pipeline, complete encasement of the pipe shall be avoided if possible. The maximum encasement shall be 180, unless flexible joints are provided at each concrete face entered. Where a pipe is completely concrete encased, it shall be fully wrapped prior to encasement with a compressible material such as geotextile or polyethylene foam to a nominal thickness of 6 mm. 5.3.6 Encasement in concrete Where pipes are to be encased in concrete precautions shall be taken to prevent movement, flotation or deformation of pipes while pouring concrete.
5.3.4 Buckling under external load and vacuum
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Where damage to pressure pipe surfaces could occur as a result of differential movement of the encased pipe, the pipe and fittings shall be protected.
NOTES: 1 2 Protection may be by wrapping in a compressible membrane e.g. made of polyethylene, PVC, petrolatum tape or felt. Encasement in concrete may compromise the inherent flexibility of a PE pipeline and should only be used in special circumstances. In unstable ground conditions, the use of geotextile to form a ground beam (as shown in AS/NZS 2566.2) may provide a superior solution.
5.3.7 Foundations and foundation stabilization The floor of the excavated trench is required to provide a foundation suitable for the adopted construction method. Where the bottom of an excavation is unable to provide a firm foundation with minimum bearing capacity of 50 kPa (e.g. in clay soils that can easily be penetrated 40 mm with a thumb or in sand or gravel that makes a footprint more than 10 mm deep) at the required level without abrupt irregularities or undulations, engineering advice should be sought on how to provide a satisfactory foundation.
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to 5.3.8 Prevention of flotation your on-line service. Flotation of the pipe due to groundwater or inundation before completion of filling shall be prevented. Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is Flotation of pipes and fittings may be prevented by one or more of the following methods: not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the (a) Using trench stops. licence under which the service is supplied.
(b) (c) Placing and compacting sufficient height of fill material. De-watering. Where trench de-watering is necessary, embedment and fill material shall be placed and compacted while de-watering systems are operating.
NOTE: PE has a density less than that of water and pipes can float even when full of water.
5.3.9 Trench floor preparation On excavation, the trench floor shall be inspected for rock outcrops and soft and loose areas so that appropriate action can be taken to ensure that the pipe or fitting or other appurtenance or structure will not be subject to differential settlement in the future. Where the pipeline is to be laid on the trench floor, the trench shall be free from hard objects such as stones, sharp projecting rocks and tree roots, and the trench floor shall be trimmed to provide continuous support for the pipes. Where rock outcrops are present, the trench floor shall be trimmed and filled with granular material to restore the design trench floor level limits. Soft and loose areas shall be treated as specified in Clause 5.3.7. All fill and all disturbed areas shall be compacted to not less than the density of the natural ground. Where the excavation is in unstable or waterlogged ground or rock, or where excessive excavation occurs, the depth of excavation and bedding preparation shall be as specified to provide a uniform base to the bedding. De-watering shall be carried out to below the pipe level until sufficient backfill has been placed to prevent flotation of the pipe. The trench floor shall be stabilized to provide an adequate foundation for the bedding. All debris shall be removed before placement of any bedding material.
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5.3.10 Placement of bedding Bedding shall be placed and spread so as to provide uniform support for the pipe. Chases may be provided at sockets, couplings and other appurtenances to achieve uniform support. The bedding shall not be compacted and the centre of the bedding shall not be walked on either during or after placement. The depth of bedding shall be appropriate to the trench floor condition and the diameter and classification of the pipe. For pipes in clay soils and rock, a graded continuous cushion of bedding material of minimum thickness 75 mm should be provided at the trench floor. Where cement mortar is used as bedding, it shall be packed into the space between the trench floor and the pipe laid in the trench to attain the line, grade and specified minimum cover over the pipe. Cement mortar-based material shall not be installed as a haunch. 5.3.11 Pipe laying and jointing Pipes may be jointed at ground level and then lowered into position. If elastomeric seal joints have been used for jointing, they shall be checked after the pipe is in position to ensure that the socket is still correctly positioned on the pipe. The manufacturers instructions shall be adhered to. The pipes may be snaked in the trench to minimize the effects of thermal movement.
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to your on-line service. 5.3.12 Bending of pipes Please note that of material accessed via our on-line subscription services is For curves smaller radius, post-formed bends, moulded fittings or purpose-made sockets shall be used. PE pipes may be bent during pipe laying to allow a pipeline to follow a not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the curved path. licence under which service supplied. For profile wall the pipes, reference is should be made to the manufacturer for bending
requirements. Generally, a pressure pipeline can be bent without difficulty in the vertical plane to follow changes in the ground surface. Where it is not possible to bend the pipe by hand, preformed bends or moulded fittings shall be installed. The form of the trench floor provides support for the pipes and bending occurs more or less uniformly along the length of the pipes involved. Bending in the horizontal plane is more difficult as pipes tend to move in the trench and the deflection tends to be concentrated in a few places. There is a tendency for excessive loads and deformation if pipes are not adequately supported. As the structural stiffness of pipes increases (small SDRs), the forces required to bend a pipe to a designed curvature increase considerably, and support along the full length of the pipe becomes more important. The use of pegs or stakes in the trench to define the radius of the designed curve, or to restrain the pipe during installation, is not permitted. Bending tends to be localized at the pegs or stakes and, if they are left in the trench when it is filled, highly localized stresses may cause premature failure of the pipeline. 5.3.13 Pipe embedment Embedment material shall be placed uniformly along and around the whole length of the pipe barrel, couplings and other appurtenances in a manner to ensure uniform density of side support (including haunch support) and overlay without distortion, dislodgment or damage to the pipeline. Where a sewer or drain is supported on concrete, overlay material shall not be placed until the concrete has attained its initial set. Following pipe placement, the haunch, side support and overlay materials shall be compacted in layers not greater than 150 mm to uniformly support the pipe. Compaction equipment or methods that produce horizontal or vertical earth pressures that may cause damage to, or excessive distortion of, the pipe shall not be employed.
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Flooding compaction may be suitable in some types of soil. Flooding compaction shall be used only beneath non-trafficable areas, in situations where embedment material is non-cohesive (i.e., no clays) and the surrounding native soil and the embedment material are completely free draining. 5.3.14 Trench fill Trench fill material shall be placed on the pipe embedment and compacted as specified to fill the trench, with care taken to avoid impact loading of the pipeline. For non-pressure pipelines, the voids behind timber ground support in close-timbered tunnels, drives and shafts should be filled by pressure or gravity grouting using a sand-limecement slurry or pneumatic placement of appropriate trench fill material. Any deficiencies of trench filling exposed by settlement shall be corrected. 5.3.15 Removal of trench supports, pegs and packing All levelling pegs or temporary packing, such as wooden blocks, shall be removed from the trench before pipe laying. Temporary trench support systems shall be lifted above each layer of This document has expired. To access the progressively current document, please go to embedment or fill to ensure that each layer is compacted against undisturbed native soil your on-line service. (trench wall). 5.3.16 Marking tape Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is Marking where installed, shall and be located at the top of theis embedment zone to (see not intended fortape, off-line storage, such storage contrary the Figure 5.1). licence under which the service is supplied. Refer to AS/NZS 2648.1 for non-detectable tape. Refer to WSAA PS-318 for detectable
tape.
6HA ?DBE =H E C J=FA + F=?JA@ LAH =O + F=?JA@ FEFA IE@A IKFF HJ *A@@E C * E
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES
0 E IAA 6=> A # E , E 2EFA LAH =O # E ,
0=K ?D
*A@@E C @AFJD + %# E
FIGURE 5.1 TYPICAL INSTALLATION IN A TRENCH
5.4 PIPE INSTALLATION IN AN EMBANKMENT Pipe installation in an embankment shall be in accordance with AS/NZS 2566.2.
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SECT ION
I NSTA L L A T I ON ABOVE GRO UND
O F
P IP ES
6.1 SCOPE OF SECTION This Section sets out specific requirements for the installation of pipes above ground. 6.2 INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS 6.2.1 Grade and alignment When PE sanitary plumbing systems are being installed, particular care shall be taken to establish the correct grade and alignment. 6.2.2 Pipe bending Refer to Clause 5.3.12.
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to Where a pipe is set in concrete and damage to pipe surfaces could occur as a result of your on-line service. movement of the pipe relative to its surrounding, a membrane (e.g. of polyethylene, PVC, petrolatum tape, or felt) shall surround the pipe and fittings to permit movement without Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is scoring. Where fittings are installed with insufficient space for them to move, expansion jointsfor shalloff-line be providedstorage, to accommodate thermal movement (see Clause not intended and such storage is 6.4). contrary to the NOTE: PE pipe may be totally enclosed in concrete without protection where the installation is licence under which the service is supplied. designed for total enclosure.
6.2.4 Pipes passing through floors and walls Any pipe or fitting passing through any floor or wall shall be wrapped with a suitable flexible material, or a permanent annular clearance of not less than 6 mm shall be provided between the pipe or fitting and the floor and wall. Suitable measures shall be taken to maintain this clearance, and to permit the pipe to be sealed in position without restricting its axial movement. 6.2.5 Pipe installation in a sleeve or duct When a pipe is being laid through a sleeve or duct, it shall be suitably protected against damage from sharp ends or edges on the sleeve or duct. The pipe shall be restrained within the duct to prevent excessive movement under pressure transients. This may be achieved by using slippers, a purpose-designed product for installation of pipes in sleeves or ducts, or by using timber skids strapped to the pipe (see Figure 6.1).
6.2.3 Setting of pipes in concrete
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FIGURE 6.1 TYPICAL INSTALLATION OF DN 560 PE PIPE IN A HOST PIPE (DUCT)
6.2.6 Penetration of fire-resistant structures
This document has expired. access current document, go to Where fire-resistant structures To are penetrated by the PE pipe, devices such as intumescentplease fire stoppers that will maintain the integrity of the structure in the event of a fire shall be your on-line service. installed in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is 6.3 SUPPORT OF PIPELINES not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the 6.3.1 Supports licence under which the service is supplied.
6.3.1.1 General All supports shall be of fixed or sliding type, and shall be rigidly fixed to the adjacent wall or floor. 6.3.1.2 Sliding supports Sliding supports shall provide a guide, without restraint, for the axial movement of pipes subject to thermal expansion. The support shall allow for a pipe to be surrounded with a layer of suitable flexible material, or incorporate a plastics coating. Sliding supports shall be provided in accordance with Table 6.1.
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TABLE 6.1 MAXIMUM SPACING OF SUPPORTS

Nominal outside diameter of pipe 16 20 25 32 40 50 63 75 90 125 140 160 Recommended maximum spacing of supports, m Horizontal or graded pipes 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.38 0.43 0.45 0.50 0.60 0.67 0.75 0.85 1.00 Vertical pipes 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.75 0.85 0.90 1.05 1.20 1.35 1.50 1.70 2.00
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to 200 1.10 2.20 1.15 2.30 your on-line service. 225 250 1.25 2.50 Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is 280 1.30 2.60 355 not intended for off-line storage, and1.50 such storage3.00 is contrary to the 6.3.1.3which Fixed supports licence under the service is supplied.
Fixed supports shall restrain movement of the pipe or fitting either by being clamped to the structure with a fixed bracket or by being set firmly into the structure. Care shall be taken to ensure that pipes and fittings are not distorted by over-tightening. The support shall be securely attached to the fitting and located in the clamping groove, if one is provided on the fitting. Fixed supports shall be provided at every expansion fitting, and at every fitting that incorporates provision for expansion, to prevent movement of the fittings. This includes the sockets of all pipes with elastomeric seal joints used in the installation. Where expansion joints are installed, fixed supports shall alternate with expansion joints throughout the installation. 6.3.2 Spacing of supports 6.3.2.1 Pressure pipes Pipes shall be supported at intervals dependent on the density of the fluid being conveyed and the maximum temperature likely to be reached by the pipe material. The maximum spacings of supports for all classes of pressure pipe where water at temperatures up to 20C is being conveyed shall be as given in Table 6.1. Where ambient temperatures or the temperature of piped fluids are such that the temperature of the material is likely to be greater than 20C, the support distances shall be reduced accordingly. For PE pipes where material temperatures are likely to approach 60C and the pipe is horizontal, the pipe shall be continuously supported; for vertical installations, the values in Table 6.1 for horizontal support shall be used. Heavy fittings, such as valves, shall be supported independently and large plastics fittings (e.g. flanges, particularly those with metal backing rings) shall be supported on each side. Where pipes are continuously supported, flanged connections and other protrusions shall be allowed room for movement.
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6.3.2.2 Non-pressure pipes Cold non-pressure pipes (see Clause 6.4.2.2) shall be supported at intervals not exceeding the distances set out in Table 6.1. For hot pipelines (see Clause 6.4.2.2), the supports shall be at intervals not exceeding half the distances set out in Table 6.1. Pipelines shall be supported at, or adjacent to, every bend, including fittings where pipelines emerge from a wall. 6.4 PROVISION FOR EXPANSION 6.4.1 General Provision shall be made for thermal movement by fitting expansion joints, unless the movement can be accommodated by other means as described in Clause 6.4.3. An expansion joint shall permit an axial movement of the connecting pipe of not less than 10 mm in either direction. Elastomeric seal joints on pipes may be regarded as expansion joints if recommended as such by the manufacturer.
This document has expired. To access 6.4.2 Maximum spacing of expansion joints the current document, please go to your on-line service. 6.4.2.1 General The that maximum spacing of expansion joints upon the subscription maximum temperature Please note material accessed viadepends our on-line services is differential expected in service and the magnitude of the axial movement that the selected not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the expansion joint can accommodate. NOTE: The thermal expansion or contraction of PE pipe is shown in Clause 3.7.2 and Figure 3.1. licence under which the service is supplied.
6.4.2.2 Cold and hot pipelines Unless there is alternative provision for thermal movement, pipelines shall be fitted with expansion joints in accordance with the following: (a) PE pipe systems located within buildings or outside buildings that are out of direct sunlight and not subject to pipe material temperatures greater than 60C (cold pipelines) shall be fitted with expansion joints at spacings no greater than 6 m or as recommended by the manufacturer. Where the length of pipeline between fixed points is no greater than 1.5 m, provision for thermal movement is not required. Water supply and sanitary plumbing pipe systems installed for conveying hot fluids (e.g. from dishwashers, washing machines, knife sterilizers etc.) or located outside buildings in direct sunlight, or in roof spaces, so that the pipe material temperature might exceed 60C (hot pipelines), shall be fitted with expansion joints at spacings no greater than 4 m. Where the length of pipeline between fixed points is no greater than 1 m, provision for thermal movement is not required.
(b)
6.4.2.3 Stacks and vertical pipes Expansion joints shall be located in stacks and vertical pipes (a) (b) at each floor at which fixtures or branch pipes are connected, and shall be immediately above the highest branch connection; and at the base of a stack.
This is illustrated in Figure 6.2. 6.4.2.4 Graded pipelines When required by Clause 6.4.2.2, expansion joints shall be provided in graded pipelines immediately upstream of the entrance to a vertical stack (as illustrated in Figure 6.3).
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6.4.3 Alternative provision for expansion Expansion joints may be omitted in the following locations (as illustrated in Figure 6.4): (a) (b) Above the highest branch connection on a stack where the stack is free to move through a weatherproofed sleeve through the roof. At a junction, bend or expansion loop in a graded pipeline where the thermal movement in the pipeline can be accommodated by deflection of the offset leg without affecting the grade of the pipeline. The minimum length of the offset leg, as defined by fixed supports, shall conform to the values in Table 6.3. At a junction or bend in a graded pipeline where the thermal movement in the pipeline can be accommodated at a trap of plastics material, provided that the length of the pipeline does not exceed 6 m for cold pipelines or 4 m for hot pipelines (see Clause 6.4.2.2), and the trap is in alignment with the pipeline. TABLE 6.3 ALTERNATIVE EXPANSION PROVISION
(c)
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to Nominal size Maximum pipe Minimum length of pipe length of offset leg your on-line service. mm m ms Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is 2.0 0.5 0.6 not intended for off-line 40, storage, and3.0 such storage is contrary to the 50, 63 4.0 0.8 6.0 1.0 licence under which the service is supplied.
75, 90, 125 2.0 3.0 4.0 6.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 6.0 0.75 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2
140, 160
6.4.4 Installation of expansion joints Expansion joints shall be supported at the socket section of the fitting by a fixed support. Care shall be taken to ensure that expansion fittings are correctly installed in accordance with the manufacturers instruction and that the pipe is not bottomed in the expansion socket. The following procedure shall be adopted where no temperature markings are provided on the movable part of the fittings: (a) (b) Insert the pipe in the expansion socket to the full depth and mark the pipe. Withdraw the pipe a distance equal to the temperature engagement depth and mark the pipe. The temperature engagement depth shall be determined according to the average environmental or pipe material temperature at the time of installing the system. Hold the pipe in this position until the installation is complete.
(c)
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Expansion joint a b ove h i g h e s t b r a n c h c o n n e c ti o n (m ay b e o m i t te d u n d e r C l a u s e 6 .4. 3 (a))
S li d i n g s u p p o r t at a ll f l o o r s
Clau se 6.4. 2. 2(a) 6 m m a x. wi th o u t ex p a n s i o n j o i n t (c o l d p i p e l i n e s)
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to your on-line service. Clau se 6.4. 2. 3(a) Expansion joint Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is a b ove h i g h e s t r a n c h c o n n e c ti o n not intended b for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the fr om ea ch floor licence under which the service is supplied. L EG EN D:
= E x p a n s i o n j o i nt = Fi xe d p o i nt Cl a u s e 6.4. 2. 3 ( b) Expansion joint at b a s e of s t a c k
FIGURE 6.2 EXPANSION JOINTS AND FIXED POINTS IN VERTICAL STACKS
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+ =KIA $ " " -NF= IE E JI FH LE@A@ MDAHA @EIJ= ?AI >AJMAA BENA@ F E JI AN?AA@ $ ? @ FEFA E AI
+ =KIA $ " = -NF= IE E J =J ? A?JE J IJ=?
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to your on-line service. + =KIA $accessed " "> Please note that material via our on-line subscription services is -NF= IE E J =J ?D= CA B @EHA?JE and such storage is contrary to the not intended for off-line storage, E CH=@A@ E AI licence under which the service is supplied.
-/- , -NF= IE E J .ENA@ F E J
FIGURE 6.3 EXPANSION JOINTS AND FIXED POINTS IN GRADED PIPELINES
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C l a u s e 6.4.3 ( a ) E x pa ns i o n j o i nt o m i t te d w h e re a l te r n ati ve ex pa ns i o n p rov i d e d th ro u g h ro of C l a u s e 6.4.3 ( c ) E x pa ns i o n j o i nt o m i t te d w h e re a l te r n ati ve ex pa ns i o n p rov i d e d by p l a s ti c tra p C l a u s e 6.4.3 ( c ) E x pa ns i o n j o i nts o m i t te d w h e re a l te r n ati ve ex pa ns i o n p rov i d e d
AS/NZS 2033:2008
l3 l2 l1 L1
L This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to your on-line service. C l a u s e 6.4.3 ( c ) l E x pa ns i o n j o i nts o m i t te d w h e re Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is a l te r n ati ve ex pa ns i o n p rov i d e d not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the l l licence under which the service is supplied.
3 2 3 2
L2
L1 C l a u s e 6.4.3 ( c ) E x pa ns i o n j o i nts o m i t te d w h e re a l te r n ati ve ex pa ns i o n p rov i d e d L
L EG EN D : = Pi p e s u p p o r t = E x pa ns i o n j o i nt = F i xe d p o i nt = E x pa ns i o n j o i nt d e l ete d S e e Ta b l e 6.3 fo r va l u e s of L a n d l
FIGURE 6.4 ALTERNATIVE EXPANSION PROVISIONS IN VERTICAL AND GRADED PIPELINES
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SEC T I ON
T EST I N G
O F
P IPE
SY ST E M
7.1 SCOPE OF SECTION This Section sets out the requirements for testing pipelines and systems after their installation or repair. Where appropriate, the procedures in AS/NZS 3500 series may be used as an alternative. 7.2 TESTING OF PRESSURE PIPE SYSTEMS 7.2.1 Pre-test precautions Above-ground installations shall be tested when all fittings and supports have been installed. Pipelines shall be pressure-tested when sufficient time has elapsed to allow curing of concrete thrust blocks.
NOTE: While it is preferable for all joints in underground pipelines to be left exposed during the This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to testing procedure, this is seldom practical. your on-line service. 7.2.2 General requirements Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is Pressure testing PE pipes may require special processes since they may continue to expand significantly throughout the test period. When a PE pipe is sealed under a test pressure not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the there may be decay, even in a leak free system, due to the creep response and stress relaxation of thethe PE material. Due this material behaviour, standard pipe testing licence under which service istosupplied.
procedures used for other pipe materials such as PVC, DI and steel, may not be suitable for PE pipe. The following factors can affect a PE pipe pressure test: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) Length of section and pipe diameter. Test pressure, rate of pressurisation and duration of the test. Presence of air. Relative movement of mechanical fittings. Level of support from pipe embedment. Accuracy of test equipment. Ambient temperature changes during testing. Presence of fittings and other materials in the test section. The presence of leaks.
Long test sections may incorporate a large number of joints that should be checked for leakage. The longer the test section the harder it is to locate a leak. Pipes above about DN 250 cause additional effects to further complicate the test process. Where site or production reasons require longer lengths to be tested, radio links between test operatives to minimize the test duration should be employed. The pipeline or system may be tested as a whole or in sections, depending on test pressure requirements, the length and diameter of the line, the availability of water, and the spacing between sectioning valves or blanking ends. The pipeline (or section) shall be properly supported and, if it includes non end load bearing joints, be anchored to prevent the movement of pipes or fittings during the test.
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The test section shall be filled with water, taking care to purge all free air from the section. Where a motorized positive displacement pump is used for the test, it shall be fitted with an effective form of pulsation damping. Also, to minimize the risk of potentially damaging over-pressurization occurring, a pressure relief valve shall be fitted. This relief valve shall be set correctly and have sufficient capacity to limit any possible pressure rise to a maximum of 100 kPa above the test pressure. The pressure shall be monitored at the lowest part of the pipeline or, if that is not possible, at some other convenient point and the test pressure adjusted to take account of the elevation difference between the pipelines lowest point and the test rig. The adjustment shall be made by subtracting 10 kPa for every metre that the rig is elevated above the lowest part of the line. The source of any leak shall then be ascertained and any defects repaired. The pipeline shall then be retested. The pressure test shall be conducted using two pressure measuring instruments that shall agree within 5% of gauge reading. 7.2.3 Basic pressure test (Visual) A test pressure of 1.25 times the operating pressure (but not more than 1.25 times the
This document has expired. To access theshall current document, please go to MAOP of the lowest rated component in the system) be applied to the section under test.service. The test section shall then be allowed to stand without make-up pressure. Where the your on-line joints are accessible for inspection and there is no evidence of leaks of the test water after Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is at least 15 minutes under pressure, the section is deemed to have passed the test. Where the off-line joints are not accessible forand inspection and the apparent loss water is lessto than not intended for storage, such storage is of contrary the that calculated from the following equation, the section is deemed to have passed the test. licence under which the service is supplied.
Q 0.14LDH where Q D L H
NOTES: 1 The make-up water is not a leakage allowance, but is an allowance to cover the effects of the test head forcing small quantities of entrapped air into solution. Normally the test should last for a minimum of 2 h and be concluded within 5 h to 8 h. The make up water requirement should reduce with time as air goes into solution. Where, after 12 h the make up water still exceeds the allowable limit, testing should cease and the cause of loss investigated. It is assumed that if the pipeline passes the test, the anchorages are sound. Pressure testing against a closed valve should normally only be undertaken when there is no practicable alternative or when any leakage from the valve can be observed and measured during the test.
= allowable make-up water, in litres per hour = nominal diameter of the test length, in metres = length of the test length, in kilometres = average test head over length of pipeline under test, in metres
2 3
7.2.4 General pressure test (Technical) 7.2.4.1 General For plastics pipes that are subjected to internal pressure, there will be a progressive drop in that pressure due to stress relaxation. Accordingly, it may be difficult to assess whether a pipeline is leaking or simply subject to stress relaxation. In order to overcome this difficulty, this method is based on the principle that if the pressure is held constant, there will be a linear relationship between hoop strain and logarithmic time.
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Variables such as pipe stiffness and soil compaction are irrelevant, as the test result is based on actual performance during the test. Temperature may be considered constant, as with other test methods, unless special conditions exist. 7.2.4.2 Test procedure Maximum system test pressure (STP) shall be at least 1.25 times the maximum working pressure of pipeline but not to exceed 1.25 times MAOP of lowest rated pipe/fitting in line. The pipelines shall be tested as follows: (a) (b) (c) (d) Raise pressure to STP, close off main and allow to settle for at least 12 hours. During this period, pressure will fall as a result of pipe expansion. Using water of the same temperature as that in the pipeline (3C) restore and maintain STP, Measure and record water volume added at 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, and 5 h from start. Conclude test 5 hours after commencement. For optimum test protocol, the following tolerances are recommended:
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to (i) Water volume: 10D litres, where D = pipe nominal diameter in metres. your on-line service. (ii) Time: 1 min. Please note that accessed via our on-line subscription services is (iii) material Pressure: 1 kPa. not intended for off-line storage, and such is contrary to the Suggested tolerances are included even though storage the current method does not include they are included as recommendations only. licence under tolerances. which Accordingly, the service is supplied.
(e) (f) Calculate the water volume added between the second and third hour, V(3h2h) and the volume added between the fourth and fifth hour, V(5h4h). Calculate Vall = 0.14. L.D.H (ref. AS/NZS 2566.2, Clause 6.3) where V all L D H (g) = Volume makeup allowance, in litres/hour = Test length, in kilometres = Pipe nominal diameter, in metres = Average test head over pipeline length, in metres
Test passes if V(5h4h) 0.55V(3h2h) + Vall .
7.2.5 Joints between test sections The joints between the new pipeline and existing pipelines shall be subjected to the operating pressure for at least 1 h and then inspected for leakage. This inspection shall only be carried out in dry weather or if a suitable shelter is erected over the joints and the area dried sufficiently to show any dripping or weeping. 7.3 TESTING OF NON-PRESSURE PIPELINES 7.3.1 General Where specified, new sewers, sanitary and stormwater drainage and other non-pressure installations shall be pressure tested. Appropriate methods are described in Clauses 7.3.2, 7.3.3 or and 7.3.4. The tests shall also be applied to any section of existing pipeline or drain that has been repaired or replaced. All openings in the pipeline below the top of the section under test shall be sealed.
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7.3.2 Method 1Hydrostatic test The pipeline shall be filled with water to a height of not less than 1 m above the natural ground level at the highest point of the section being tested, or to the flood level of the lowest sanitary fixture, but not exceeding 5 m at the lowest point of the test section. The pressure shall be maintained without leakage for at least 15 minutes. The source of any leak shall then be ascertained and any defects repaired. The pipeline shall then be retested.
NOTE: If groundwater is present, the test pressure should be increased to compensate for the depth of groundwater at a rate of 10 kPa for every 1 m of groundwater depth above the pipe.
7.3.3 Method 2Low pressure air test Air shall be introduced slowly by suitable means until a pressure of 50 kPa is obtained. This pressure shall then be maintained for a period of at least 3 minutes. If no leaks are apparent at the end of 3 minutes, the air supply shall be shut off and, provided that the pressure of air contained in the pipes under test does not fall below 35 kPa within 60 s, the pipeline shall be considered satisfactory. If the pressure is not maintained within the specified limits, the air shall be re-introduced and the pipeline examined for leaks by pouring a concentrated solution of soft soap and water over the joints and fittings. The source of the leak shall then be ascertained and any defects repaired. The pipeline shall then be retested.
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to If groundwater is present, the test pressure should be increased to compensate for the your on-lineNOTE: service. depth of groundwater at a rate of 10 kPa for every 1 m of groundwater depth up to a maximum of Please note 60that kPa. material accessed via our on-line subscription services is 7.3.4 for Method 3Vacuum testing and such storage is contrary to the not intended off-line storage, All inlets and outlets be plugged and any other access points in the test length of licence under which theshall service is supplied.
pipeline shall be capped and sealed. An initial test vacuum pressure (negative pressure) of approximately 27 kPa shall be applied. The valve on the vacuum line shall be closed and the vacuum pump shut off. The air pressure shall be allowed to stabilize for at least 3 minutes to identify any initial leakage. When the pressure has stabilized and is at or below the starting test vacuum of 23.6 kPa, the test shall commence by allowing the gauge pressure to drop to 23.6 kPa, at which point time recording shall be initiated. The drop in vacuum over the test period shall be recorded. The length of pipeline under test shall be accepted if the test vacuum loss is 7 kPa for the relevant time interval specified in Table 7.1. If the pipeline fails the test, the vacuum shall be reapplied to identify any leaks. All defects shall be rectified prior to conducting any further testing. Any visible or audible faults shall be rectified even if the vacuum testing is satisfactory.
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TABLE 7.1 VACUUM AIR TESTING ACCEPTANCE TIMES FOR 7 kPa PRESSURE CHANGE
Test length, metres Pipe size DN <100 100 150 225 300 375 450 525 600 675 50 100 150 200 250 300
Minimum test duration, minutes 2 2 3 4 6 7 10 14 18 23 2 2 3 5 9 14 21 28 37 46 2 2 3 8 14 22 31 42 55 70 2 2 5 10 18 29 41 56 73 93 3 3 6 13 23 36 52 70 92 116 3 3 6 15 29 43 66 86 106 144
750 has expired. 29 57 86 the current 115 143 168 please go to This document To access document, 900 41 83 124 165 207 243 your on-line service. 1000 51 102 153 204 255 300 56 112 169 our on-line 225 281 319 Please note 1050 that material accessed via subscription services is 1200 73 147 220 294 367 460 not intended1500 for off-line and344 such storage is 574 contrary 115 storage, 230 459 700to the NOTES: licence under which the service is supplied. 1 2 Timing of the test duration shall commence after the 3 minutes initial period. Test duration times for other combinations of pipe size and test length may be interpolated.
7.4 DEFLECTION TESTING Where required, deflection testing shall be carried out in accordance with AS/NZS 2566.2 unless otherwise specified. 7.5 CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION (CCTV) INSPECTION Where required, a CCTV inspection of new sewers, sanitary and stormwater drainage and other non-pressure installations shall be carried out in accordance with WSAA 05 or the NZWWA Pipe Inspection Manual, 2006. The following requirements apply: (a) (b) (c) Certified CCTV operators shall be used. Only CCTV records of such quality that an accurate assessment of the internal condition of the pipeline can be made shall be accepted. The CCTV records shall be provided as specified.
The acceptance/rejection criteria set out in WSAA 05 shall be applied. All defects shall be rectified prior to conducting any further inspection. If CCTV equipment used to conduct the inspection is not calibrated for quantifying observations, the estimated value shall be recorded as an addendum to the test report.
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SECT ION
COMM ISS I ON I NG
In most instances acceptance testing (see Section 7) of the installation is all that is required. In the case of more complex projects that may involve supply and installation of equipment, formal commissioning may be required. Where commissioning is required, a commissioning plan should be developed to ensure that the installation is fully operational to the satisfaction of the installation owner. This plan would normally address (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) inspection and test plans for construction; pre-commissioning; handover; sign-off; and supply of documentation at hand-over and sign-off.
The installer generallyTo be required to the test and inspect all products, materials, This document haswould expired. access current document, please go to equipment, installation and workmanship included in the works covered by the project your on-line service. specification to prove compliance with the specification requirements, and to provide all equipment, materials, water and power supplies to carry thissubscription out. Please note that material accessed viarequired our on-line services is Testing includes pre-commissioning, field testing andstorage performance is testing of each item not intended for off-line storage, and such contrary toofthe the whole installation. licence under which the service supplied. NOTE: Further guidance and relevant is information is given in Appendix B.
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SECT ION
9.1 SCOPE
COMPRESSED
GASES
This Section describes some of the special considerations that apply to the use of PE for compressed air but excluding fuel gas. When polyethylene pipe systems are used for the conveyance of compressible fluids, such as compressed air, special considerations apply. This Section describes some of these. 9.2 CONTENTS IDENTIFICATION The recommended colour for identification of compressed air systems above ground is blue in accordance with AS 1345. This colour identification may be achieved by pipe colour, adhesive labels, or other means.
This document has Toofaccess current document, please go to Hence pipes forexpired. the conveyance compressedthe air may be black, blue, or some other colour, provided identification is achieved in accordance with the users specification. your on-line service. Please note material accessed via our on-line subscription services is 9.3 that PRESSURE RATING (PN, SDR) AND TEMPERATURE RERATING Compressed gas that isstorage, under pressure contains substantial stored energy more so than not intended for off-line and such storage is contrary to athe liquid under the same pressure. If that energy is released suddenly there is an increased risk licence under which the service is supplied. of injury to anyone nearby. For that reason there is a greater factor of safety applied to pipe
for compressed air applications than would be applied to a pipe carrying water at the same pressure and temperature. Therefore the allowable working pressure of a compressed air pipeline is less than the PN rating of the pipe. Accordingly, pipes manufactured specifically for compressed air conveyance are typically branded as follows: PE100 SDR 7.4 PN 25 1600 kPa at 20C Compressed Air
This means that it is a PN 25 pipe made from PE 100 material but you should only use this pipe on a compressed air system that has an allowable working pressure that does not exceed 1600 kPa at an operating temperature that does not exceed 20C. Tables 9.1 and 9.2 provide recommended relationships between PN rating, SDR, temperature, and pressure. TABLE 9.1 MAOP, kPa PE80B
A2
Classification of pipe PN 8 PN 10 PN 12.5 PN 16 PN 20
Standard dimension ratio (SDR) 17 13.6 11 9 7.4
Operating temperature 20C 500 630 800 1000 1250
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TABLE 9.2 MAOP, kPa PE100

A2
Classification of pipe PN 10 PN 12.5 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25
Standard dimension ratio (SDR) 17 13.6 11 9 7.4
9.4 JOINT TYPES
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to your on-line service. 9.5 CHEMICAL RESISTANCE Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is PE is suitable for use in contact with compressor oils, but some synthetic oils, including not intended for polyester, off-lineand storage, and storage is contrary to the aromatic, di-ester types, are such not resistant. If in doubt, the advice of the manufacturer should be sought. licence under which the service is supplied.
9.6 UV RESISTANCE Whilst coloured pipes may be used where exposed to UV radiation, the following points need to be considered: (a) (b) (c) 100% UV stabilization does not equate to immunity from UV degradation for coloured pipes. Correctly stabilized coloured pipes are estimated to be suitable for at least two years exposure to direct sunlight. Black pipes to AS/NZS 4130 are suitable for exposure periods up to 50 years.
Where socket fusion, butt fusion, electrofusion, and mechanical joints, including threads and flanges, are used in compressed gas systems, the manufacturers recommendations should be followed. (See AS/NZS 4129).
9.7 PRECAUTIONS Compressed air systems contain substantial stored energy, which if released suddenly, could cause injury. It is recommended that pipe system design, installation and maintenance be conducted by those with appropriate knowledge and experience. Care is needed to avoid unplanned overheating of the system. Air compressors will produce air which may be considerably above ambient temperature. Connection between a piston compressor and receiver should not be in plastics due to the likelihood of unacceptably high temperatures. Industry best practice of shielding equipment and pipework from direct heat sources, e.g. sunlight, should be adopted to prevent excessive heat buildup. It is also recommended that oil traps be fitted immediately downstream of the compressor.
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APPENDIX A
BIBLIOGRAPHY
(Informative) The following listing is not intended to be comprehensive. Links to other relevant sites and information can be made via the websites shown below. An Effective Barrier Pipe System for Contaminated Land . M Christodoulou, K Wilson, M Hunter and J Bowman. Uponor Ltd. Plastic Pipes XIII, Washington DC, October 2006. Chemical resistance data sheets. Volume 1: Plastics. Shrewsbury, UK. RAPRA Technology Ltd. Chemical resistance data sheets. Volume 2: Rubbers. Shrewsbury, UK. RAPRA Technology Ltd. Chemical Resistance. Volume 1; Thermoplastics. NY, USA. Plastics Design Library.
This document has expired. the current document, please go to ISO/TR 10358, Plastics pipes To and access fittingsCombined chemical resistance classification table. your on-line service. Australasian Society for Trenchless Technology, www.astt.com.au Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is Plastics Industry Pipe Association of Australia, www.pipa.com.au not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI), www.plasticpipe.org licence under which the service is supplied. Water Services Association of Australia, www.wsaa.asn.au
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APPENDIX B
COMMISSIONING GUIDE
(Informative) B1 GENERAL No pipeline should be placed in service before it has been cleaned of contaminants, before it has satisfied test requirements and, in the case of water mains, before the quality of water supplied from the pipeline has met the asset owners standards. Possible contaminants include (a) (b) (c) materials that enter the pipes and fittings during storage and transport; construction debris; materials introduced during construction, e.g. lubricants used with elastomeric seal joints;
This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to (d) service. bacterial contaminants, which often colonize other contaminants; and your on-line (e) materials that may be extracted from the pipes or fittings in service. Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is Drinking water lines must be commissioned before going into service to remove any not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the extraneous matter or toxic materials. Any pipeline that is to carry drinking water must not be placed in service before the installing engineer is satisfied that the water supplied from licence under which the service is supplied.
the pipeline will meet the responsible authoritys standards for quality of drinking water. B2 REMOVAL OF PARTICULATE MATERIALS Soil and other particulate materials may be removed from a pipeline by flushing. However, the water velocities required to suspend and remove even sand-sized particles are high (greater than 2 m/s for 100 mm pipe) and it may not be possible to achieve suitable velocities in practice. Prolonged flushing at low velocities is not effective. If high velocity flushing is not possible, consideration should be given to swabbing the pipeline or using air scouring to ensure particulate contaminants are removed. B3 WATER QUALITY B3.1 Disinfection To enable the conveyed water to meet bacteriological and biological quality standards, pipelines, including those involved in extensions and repairs, must be disinfected before use. Disinfection procedures vary depending on the size of the works. Reference should be made to the responsible authority for details of acceptable disinfection procedures. B3.2 Materials extracted from the pipe or fittings during service Drinking water can extract minor amounts of various substances from pipes and fittings in all materials, including PVC. In most cases the concentration of the extracted material in the conveyed water is low and of little concern.
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Good manufacturing practice, including compliance with the clauses relating to effect on water in the relevant pipe or fitting Standards, ensures that there is no long-term effect on water quality as a result of contact with the pipe or fitting. Short-term increases in the concentration of potential contaminants have been observed in water conveyed through new pipelines, particularly where the water is allowed to stand in the pipeline for long periods. In most cases the concentrations of these contaminants in the conveyed water are well below the acceptable limits recommended by WHO and other authorities. The responsible authority should consult with the manufacturers to determine the range of likely contaminants that might be extracted by drinking water, and the likely level of these substances in the conveyed water. Where there is concern about the risk of unacceptably high levels of particular substances being extracted by water from a new pipeline, consideration should be given to implementation of an appropriate commissioning procedure to ensure that the levels of these contaminants are below acceptable limits in water supplied from the pipeline. The responsible authority should be consulted to determine the commissioning procedure to be adopted. B4 COMMISSIONING PROCEDURE AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to Commissioning your on-line service.procedures, including disinfection, and acceptance criteria, should be specified in the project specification. The asset owner, or party carrying out the works Please note that material accessed via to our on-line subscription services is should be consulted to determine the procedures be used. not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the B5 PROCEDURE FOR DRINKING WATER SUPPLY PIPELINES licence under which the service is supplied. New and repaired drinking water supply pipelines may be commissioned using the
following procedure: (a) (b) Slowly fill the pipeline. Clean by any one of the following methods: (i) (ii) Swabbing, followed by flushing to completely turnover the water contained in the pipelinepreferred method. Air scouring (that is, where compressed air is injected into the water in the main to create unsteady flow conditions during the flushing process)generally not as effective and usually more difficult than swabbing.
(iii) High velocity flushing (e.g. 2.0 m/s to 2.5 m/s for 15 min)not generally practical or possible for water mains >DN 300. (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) Fill and disinfect. Flush or neutralize, or both. Refill the main. Sample for the presence of bacteria. Certify acceptance. Introduce the main into service.
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AMENDMENT CONTROL SHEET AS/NZS 2033:2008 Amendment No. 1 (2008)

CORRECTION SUMMARY : This Amendment applies to Table 3.2. Published on 31 October 2008.
Amendment No. 2 (2009)

CORRECTION This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to SUMMARY : This Amendment applies to Tables 9.1 and 9.2. your on-line service. Published on 22 June 2009. Please note that material accessed via our on-line subscription services is not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the licence under which the service is supplied.
AS/NZS 2033:2008
42
NOTES
43
AS/NZS 2033:2008
NOTES
AS/NZS 2033:2008
44
NOTES
Standards Australia Standards Australia is an independent company, limited by guarantee, which prepares and publishes most of the voluntary technical and commercial standards used in Australia. These standards are developed through an open process of consultation and consensus, in which all interested parties are invited to participate. Through a Memorandum of Understanding with the Commonwealth This document has expired. To access the current document, please go to government, Standards Australia is recognized as Australias peak national standards body. your on-line service. Standards Zealand Please note thatNew material accessed via our on-line subscription services is The first national Standards organization was created in New Zealand in 1932. The Standards not intended for off-line storage, and such storage is contrary to the Council of New Zealand is the national authority responsible for the production of Standards. Standards New Zealand the trading arm of supplied. the Standards Council established under the Standards licence under which theis service is
Act 1988.
Australian/New Zealand Standards Under a Memorandum of Understanding between Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand, Australian/New Zealand Standards are prepared by committees of experts from industry, governments, consumers and other sectors. The requirements or recommendations contained in published Standards are a consensus of the views of representative interests and also take account of comments received from other sources. They reflect the latest scientific and industry experience. Australian/New Zealand Standards are kept under continuous review after publication and are updated regularly to take account of changing technology.
International Involvement Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand are responsible for ensuring that the Australian and New Zealand viewpoints are considered in the formulation of international Standards and that the latest international experience is incorporated in national and Joint Standards. This role is vital in assisting local industry to compete in international markets. Both organizations are the national members of ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission).
Visit our web sites
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GPO Box 476 Sydney NSW 2001 Administration Phone (02) 9237 6000 Fax (02) 9237 6010 Email mail@standards.org.au Customer Service Phone 1300 65 46 46 Fax 1300 65 49 49 Email sales@standards.com.au Internet www.standards.org.au
Level 10 Radio New Zealand House 155 The Terrace Wellington 6001 (Private Bag 2439 Wellington 6020) Phone (04) 498 5990 Fax (04) 498 5994 Customer Services (04) 498 5991 Information Service (04) 498 5992 Email snz@standards.co.nz Internet www.standards.co.nz
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AS/NZS 2033:2008

(Incorporating Amendment Nos 1 and 2)

Australian/New Zealand Standard

Keeping Standards up-to-date

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 07337.

Australian/New Zealand Standard

ISBN 0 7337 8705 3

SECT ION 1 SCOPE, DEF I N I T I ONS MAT E R I A L RE Q U I RE M E N T S

3.6 STATIC ELECTRICITY

TABLE 3.1 MAOP, METRES HEAD PE 80B

125 125 118 112 106 100 95 89

160 160 150 143 135 127 121 115

200 200 188 179 169 159 151 143

250 250 235 224 221 199 189 179

)6-41) 6- 2-4 )674- 415-

FIGURE 3.1 THERMAL LINEAR EXPANSION OF PE PIPE

5 I NSTA L L A T I ON O F P IPES AND F I TT I N GS

5.3 PIPE INSTALLATION IN A TRENCH

5.3.1 Provision of a trench

TABLE 5.1 MINIMUM COVER OVER PIPE

5.3.4 Buckling under external load and vacuum

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FIGURE 5.1 TYPICAL INSTALLATION IN A TRENCH

I NSTA L L A T I ON ABOVE GRO UND

6.2.3 Setting of pipes in concrete

FIGURE 6.1 TYPICAL INSTALLATION OF DN 560 PE PIPE IN A HOST PIPE (DUCT)

6.2.6 Penetration of fire-resistant structures

TABLE 6.1 MAXIMUM SPACING OF SUPPORTS

Expansion joint a b ove h i g h e s t b r a n c h c o n n e c ti o n (m ay b e o m i t te d u n d e r C l a u s e 6 .4. 3 (a))

Clau se 6.4. 2. 2(a) 6 m m a x. wi th o u t ex p a n s i o n j o i n t (c o l d p i p e l i n e s)

FIGURE 6.2 EXPANSION JOINTS AND FIXED POINTS IN VERTICAL STACKS

+ =KIA $ " = -NF= IE E J =J ? A?JE J IJ=?

L1 C l a u s e 6.4.3 ( c ) E x pa ns i o n j o i nts o m i t te d w h e re a l te r n ati ve ex pa ns i o n p rov i d e d L

FIGURE 6.4 ALTERNATIVE EXPANSION PROVISIONS IN VERTICAL AND GRADED PIPELINES

Test passes if V(5h4h) 0.55V(3h2h) + Vall .

Minimum test duration, minutes 2 2 3 4 6 7 10 14 18 23 2 2 3 5 9 14 21 28 37 46 2 2 3 8 14 22 31 42 55 70 2 2 5 10 18 29 41 56 73 93 3 3 6 13 23 36 52 70 92 116 3 3 6 15 29 43 66 86 106 144

Classification of pipe PN 8 PN 10 PN 12.5 PN 16 PN 20

Standard dimension ratio (SDR) 17 13.6 11 9 7.4

Operating temperature 20C 500 630 800 1000 1250

Operating temperature 25C 470 600 750 940 1180

Operating temperature 30C 440 560 700 880 1100

Operating temperature 35C 400 510 640 800 1000

Operating temperature 40C 380 480 600 750 940

TABLE 9.2 MAOP, kPa PE100

Classification of pipe PN 10 PN 12.5 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

Standard dimension ratio (SDR) 17 13.6 11 9 7.4

Operating temperature 20C 630 800 1000 1250 1600

Operating temperature 25C 620 780 990 1240 1540

Operating temperature 30C 590 750 940 1108 1470

Operating temperature 35C 560 710 890 1120 1390

Operating temperature 40C 530 670 840 1060 1320

9.4 JOINT TYPES

AMENDMENT CONTROL SHEET AS/NZS 2033:2008 Amendment No. 1 (2008)

Amendment No. 2 (2009)

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ISBN 0 7337 8705 3

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